The Role of Union Democracy in the Struggle for Workers' Health in Mexico

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asa Cristina Laurell
Keyword(s):  
Health And Safety ◽  
The State ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Common Pattern ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Union Democracy ◽  
The Social ◽  
Industrial Health

In this article, the author analyzes the struggle for workers' health in Mexico, emphasizing the importance of the general and specific political context. In an overview of the legislation on industrial health and safety, the state institutions involved in the issue, and the characteristics of union organization in Mexico, the author shows that the limited activities related to workers' health have more to do with the relative political weakness of the Mexican working class than with the formal structures of legislation, state institutions, and unions. The second part of the article deals with the four most important struggles for health and safety in Mexico during the last ten years, which show some similarities. These struggles are consistently linked to processes of union democratization and tend to decline when union democracy is lost. The strategies of the companies show a common pattern: removing health issues from collective bargaining and putting them in the hands of state institutions. When workers have opposed this solution, management has used selective repression to solve the conflict. The state institutions subordinate their position to the companies' by postponing action or by doing a technically poor job. Changing the existing situation involves the social legitimation of the workers' health issue, since this would have an impact on the political processes involved, i.e., corporate control over workers, authoritarian labor relations and professionalism, and resources of the state institutions.

scholarly journals Contributions of service men and clerks of western siberia in the second half of the XVII – beginning of the XVIII centuries (based on the materials of the contribution books of the dalmatian assumption monastery)

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 72-83
Author(s):  
Alexander S. Sukhanov
Keyword(s):  
Western Siberia ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Population Group ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Military Population ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Military

The article deals with the contributions of servants and clerks of Western Siberia in the second half of the XVII early XVIII centuries based on the materials of two contribution books of the Dalmatov Assumption Monastery. These books were described and preserved by V.P. Biryukov and introduced into scientific circulation by I.L. Mankova. The purpose of the article is to analyze the contributions of service corporations, as well as to determine their number among the population of the region. Based on the analysis, the table lists the main categories of the military and military population of the region and their families. A total of 126 entries were recorded, out of more than 1300 contributors. The article traces the fate of the noble and non-noble representatives of these social groups and their role in the development of Western Siberia. The article also examines the military and political processes that took place in the Moscow state and were reflected in the contributions of this population group. The article deals with the service of the boyar children in Siberia, the dragoon reform of the Tobolsk voivode P. I. Godunov, the role of the Slobodchiks and the White Local Cossacks in consolidating the region as part of the state. In addition to these categories, among the contributions of service people are mentioned collars, gyrfalcon pomykalschiki, coachmen, blacksmiths and others. The article also shows the social changes that took place within the service population of the region.

Social and Political Processes of State and Society

2020 ◽  
pp. 153-216
Author(s):  
Himanshu Jha
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
The State ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
The Social ◽  
State And Society ◽  
The Press ◽  
Right To Information ◽  
The Right

This Chapter examines the processes around state and society, traces the role of social networks outside the state realm, and conceptualizes these processes as the complementarity of state and society, where strong ideational linkages led to the formation of an ‘epistemic network’. These processes played a significant role in the final phase of the enactment of the Right to Information Act. The period covered in this chapter coincides with the latter half of the second phase. This chapter establishes that mainstream politics converged with the emerging socio-political processes led by the elite within the social movement, judiciary, the press, bureaucracy, and the academia. This convergence needs to be viewed as one of state–society synergy, where the collective ‘epistemic push’ of actors from both within the state and society ‘tips over’ the institution from ‘secrecy’ to ‘openness’.

The transformation of the Russian notary in the new economic realities

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-97
Author(s):  
KONSTANTIN A. KORSIK ◽  
◽  
ANASTASIYA A. PARFENCHIKOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
The State ◽  
Technological Infrastructure ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The Social ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
World Development

The article is devoted to the review of current changes in the legislation on notaries related to the development of electronic civil circulation, analysis of existing digital risks and assessment of the role of notaries in combating them. In modern economic realities, a significant expansion of the sphere of competence of the notary is carried out by introducing completely new notarial actions into the scope of the notary’s terms of reference. At the same time, the notary does not just follow the general ‘digital’ trend, but independently makes significant efforts to effectively perform the tasks of the social sphere regulator assigned to it by the state. The creation of the Unified Notary Information System as part of the formation of the technological infrastructure to ensure the security and stability of legal relations in the context of electronic civil circulation takes to a new level the quality of notarial services and the security of legally relevant information. The role of notaries significantly increases in conditions when the use of digital technologies in the economy, public administration, social sphere becomes one of the main vectors of world development, and society and the state inevitably face the flip side of this process – digital risks that jeopardize the safety of participants in civil turnover and their property. In 2020, as part of the implementation of the national program ‘Digital Economy’, it is planned to introduce a number of innovations that will create the basis for a stable and secure ‘digital’ turnover.

THE ROLE OF LIBERAL IDEOLOGY IN THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE SOCIAL FUNCTIONS OF THE STATE IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (11) ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Irina N. Mysliaeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Liberal Ideology

The article examines the causes and directions of transformation of the social functions of the state. The role of liberal ideology in changing the forms and methods of state social policy in the context of globalization is determined. The interrelation between specific measures of social support of the population and the interests of large transnational capital in modern society is revealed.

scholarly journals The Role of Military Service in the Integration/Segregation of Muslims, Christians and Druze within Israel

Societies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rami Zeedan
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Social System ◽  
Military Service ◽  
The State ◽  
The Social ◽  
Positive Peace ◽  
New Nation ◽  
State Relations ◽  
State Of Israel

This study applies the negative peace/positive peace approach to internal nation-state relations between the majority and ethnic minority. This approach focuses on the policies implemented by the state. In order to understand the social system from its formation, an important focus should be given to the period of establishment of a new state, whereas physical borders are defined along with the borders of society, which determines who is included in the new nation and who is excluded. The conclusions are based on the case of the Israeli Druze, an ethnic minority with whom the state of Israel and its Jewish majority have achieved positive peace. This study suggests that the positive peace with the Druze was achieved following their integration in the army—as a decision of the state of Israel—that lead to their integration in the Israeli society. Conversely to the Israeli Muslims, where a negative peace is maintained, following the early year’s state policy to exclude them.

scholarly journals Muslim Clergy vs. Authority in Contemporary Afghanistan: View from Uzbekistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 747-762
Author(s):  
Abdusamat Akhatovich Khaydarov
Keyword(s):  
Negotiation Process ◽  
The State ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Direct Inter ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Islamic Institutions

Significant geopolitical changes taking place in the modern world in recent decades urge us to take a fresh look at the role of Islam and the clergy in the political processes of a number of countries of the Muslim world. This perspective is especially relevant vis--vis Afghanistan where a fierce war is being waged under the slogans of Islam for more than four decades. The purpose of this research is an in-depth study of the relationship between the state and the Muslim clergy, Islamic institutions in the development of political processes in Afghanistan since the mid-70s of the last century. The article reflects shaping of the Islamic opposition and its efforts to stand up to innovations and reforms during attempts of the Soviet stile modernization in 1978-1992, and then the efforts to democratize Afghan society, undertaken in Afghanistan since the end of 2001 with the assistance of the international community. The work is based on the study of factual historical material, a chronicle of the events of the last decade and personal observations of the author during his work in Afghanistan during the mentioned period. Analytical materials published on the pages of English and Russian mass media were used. The methodological basis of this study is the comparative historical method; the article is based on the principles of historicism, reliability and scientific objectivity. The author concludes that the conflict is based on mistakes and underestimation by the state the role and influence of the Muslim clergy and Islamic institutions of the country. It has been noted that the recently reached US - Taliban agreements, as well as the assistance of such influential players as Russia, sparkle hope for the launch of a direct inter-Afghan negotiation process, which most likely will not be as simple but thorny.

scholarly journals Unconditional Basic Income as an Instrument of State Social Policy

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-214
Author(s):  
Vlad Stokolos ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
Security System ◽  
Basic Income ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
State Budget ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Political Ideas ◽  
The Social ◽  
Policy Problems

Annotation. Introduction. The article considers the concept of unconditional basic income in the study of social policy as a state instrument of universal social justice. Considerable attention paid to the prospects for the introduction of unconditional basic income and the implementation of its basic principles into Ukrainian legislation. Various approaches of legal regulations and etymology of social policy in the context of the state security system are considered. Significant emphasis placed on the study of the theoretical challenge of unconditional basic income, namely the study of the functioning of such a mechanism in modern communicative realities. This research is a product of analytics and was created without taking into account the author’s political ideas. Given the recommended amount of research, the issues of unconditional basic income was considered not to be completed. Purpose. One of the main tasks of the article is to study the mechanism of functioning of unconditional basic income and the possibility of its application in practice. It is also worth giving your own view of the social policy problems. The tasks of the article are to analyze the modern social security system and to suggest options for its improvement. Results. The theory of unconditional basic income currently has no practical application. Despite a significant number of theoretical experiments, no country in the world uses the instrument of unconditional basic income at the legislative level. Therefore, it is too early to talk about the implementation of this theory of social policy in practice in Ukraine. Conclusions. Theory of unconditional basic income has a strong intellectual tradition, but the practical application of this instrument of social policy not implemented. Our studies show that such a system promotes the development of human capital and increases the geographical mobility of people. Unconditional basic income creates material support that promotes human development in other spheres of life. However, it was noted that conducting such a social policy requires significant expenditures from the state budget. This creates material barriers for some countries to use unconditional basic income as a tool of social policy. Keywords: unconditional basic income; social policy; state institutions; legal system.

LIST OF WORKS PROHIBITED FOR WOMEN: RELEVANCE, NECESSITY, SIGNIFICANCE

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetiana Krasiuk ◽  
◽  
Viktoriia Liepilova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Women's Labor ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Heavy Work ◽  
Employment Of Women ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Role Of Men

In this paper we will consider the most relevant theoretical and practical aspects of the issue related to the problem of discrimination of women in Ukrainian labor law regarding their choice of profession. Vision of the role of men and women in society, their duties, prohibitions and rules were formed centuries ago, but such views have been reformed in accordance with the global development of society over the past decades. Scientific and technological progress has significantly improved the living conditions of people, including the process of working. However, the practice of countries applying restrictions on women's access to certain range of professions remains. In this regard, this article reflects the main aspects of the issue of limiting the opportunity of realizing women's labor abilities. Due attention is paid to gender-based occupational segregation, as well as gender discrimination at the legislative level. The reasons for implementing restrictions on women's access to certain professions are analyzed. The main factors that influenced the change in the position of the state on this issue are highlighted. The diametrically opposite positions and arguments on the issue of prohibition of certain types of work for women were investigated. The article examines the potential directions of state policy in the field of employment of women in heavy work and work with harmful and dangerous working conditions. The author concludes that the position of women and their status have changed which is due not only to legislative acts, political processes and achievements of scientific and technological progress, but also to changes that have taken place in the social consciousness.

Nation Branding

2020 ◽  
pp. 57-73
Author(s):  
Héctor Fernández L’Hoeste
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Nation Branding ◽  
Business Managers ◽  
Imagined Community ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Social ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Political Technology

This chapter proposes the practice of nation branding as a political technology, as an example of neoliberalism in which the definition of national identity, previously assessed primarily by the social sciences and humanities, becomes the domain of business managers and advertising executives, thanks to technologies associated with social media. It explains how the redefinition of social goods, the role of the state, and the role of experts entail the replacement of a more socially driven understanding of identity with an act of commercial prestidigitation by way of nation branding; the pertinent state entities are replaced by advertising and image consultancy firms; and, lastly, scholars of various disciplines are replaced by advertising and PR executives. In short, following neoliberalism, identity is reinterpreted as brand. Identity no longer results from the never-ending and instantaneous negotiation between a multiplicity of parties, representative of myriad aspects relevant to the configuration of individuals and communities, but is rendered instead as the quantifiable, concrete result of a variety of transactions. Through this reformulation, a new relationship is suggested between the idea of nation as imagined community and the reality of the state as a material expression of the concept of nation.

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