scholarly journals Prevention of thrombosis in patients with gastrointestinal bleedings, anticoagulant therapy: literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
A.K. Rushay ◽  
I.I. Pliuta
Keyword(s):  
Anticoagulant Therapy ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Recurrent Bleeding ◽  
Thromboembolic Complications ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Anticoagulant Drugs ◽  
Thrombotic Complications

Background. Analysis of the causes of unfavorable outcomes in gastrointestinal bleedings shows that one of the directions in improving the results of treatment of such patients is not only improving the methods of non-operative (endoscopic + drug) hemostasis, but also predicting the risk of recurrent bleeding, prevention and treatment of thromboembolic complications. Objective: to study the risks of thromboembolic complications in patients with gastrointestinal bleedings and the prospects for anticoagulant therapy. Materials and methods. The review analyzes the results of clinical studies investigating the risks of thromboembolic complications, clarification of risk groups, volumes and methods of prevention; identifies the most promising effective and safe methods. The critical analysis was carried out based on the study and systematization of scientific researches presented on specialized medical sites. Results. The basis for a reasonable determination of the risk of thrombotic complications in patients with gastrointestinal bleedings is an objective assessment of the balance between the mechanisms of bleeding and thrombosis. Prevention of thromboembolic complications in patients with gastrointestinal bleedings is carried out taking into account individual characteristics. The therapy should consider risk factors both for the development of rebleeding and thromboembolic complications. Thromboelastography is a modern and adequate method for monitoring blood homeostasis at all stages of treatment. Conclusions. A multidisciplinary approach with the participation of surgeons and anesthesiologists is required to make a decision on the prescription, scope and methods of therapy. Such a decision must be justified, taking into account many factors. It is important to consider the mechanisms of action of hemostatic and anticoagulant drugs. Consideration and systematization of all these data does not exclude, but, on the contrary, provides an individual approach to each patient, the determination of an individual strategy with an optimal ratio of the risks of developing rebleeding and prevention of thromboembolic complications.

scholarly journals Research of non-smoking products for oral consumption

2020 ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
T. A. Don ◽  
S. V. Kalashnikov ◽  
A. G. Mirgorodskaya
Keyword(s):  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Tobacco Product ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Oral Consumption ◽  
Ingredient Composition

A non-smoking, nicotine-containing, non-tobacco product is new to Russia. There are no normative legal documents regulating circulation, production, certification, control methods and ingredient composition. The composition of the product is not controlled. The absence of state regulation, technical requirements and regulatory documents for nontobacco nicotine-containing products, control methods and methods for its identification is a serious problem today, and the solution of the listed problems is extremely important and urgent. This situation has led to the appearance of a large number of products produced by semihandicraft methods. Technical conditions for their production are the property of a manufacturer, which allows unscrupulous manufacturers to manufacture a product that often represents a real threat to the health of consumers. The research began in 2018 in the Laboratory of technology for the manufacture of tobacco and tobacco products and aimed at solving the following problems: – monitoring of the Russian market of non-smoking nicotine-containing products for oral consumption; – research of consumer characteristics of brands of this type of products; – obtaining experimental data for an objective assessment of the toxic load of the test samples. The work was carried out according to the program developed in the laboratory using the following methods: – visual inspection (establishes the appearance of the consumer packaging and the labels on the packaging); – organoleptic and tasting assessment (establish consumer characteristics of the product); – establishment of individual characteristics (presence or absence of tobacco); – determination of physical, chemical and toxic indicators of the product: humidity, fractional composition, nicotine content.

Thromboembolic complications prevention in the obstetric practice

2017 ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
O.V. Grishchenko ◽  
◽  
V.V. Bobrytska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Thromboembolic Complications ◽  
Moderate Risk ◽  
Obstetric Practice ◽  
Thrombotic Complications ◽  
And Control

The objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Enoxaparin-Pharmex for the prevention of thrombotic complications (pulmonary embolism) in the postoperative period in patients with moderate risk of these complications. Patients and methods. The study included 50 women after a caesarean section had an average degree of risk of pulmonary embolism. Patients were divided into the main group (n=25) and control group (n=25) in accordance with the treatment: patients of the main group received postoperative Еnoxaparin- Pharmex, group comparisons enoxaparin sodium (brand foreign manufacturer’s). Patients in both groups received the drug at a dose of 20 mg for 5 days, 1 time per day subcutaneously. Results. The research data analysis showed identity results of hemostasiogram of patients in the main group and the comparison group, no side effects after treatment in both groups. Conclusion. The clinical studies suggest the drug Enoxaparin-Pharmex is effective, safe LMWH, which can be used to prevent troboembolic complications, including post-operative treatment in obstetric practice. Spectrum of Enoxaparin-Pharmex can be extended to the prevention and treatment of thromboembolic conditions of varying severity with appropriate doses of the drug. Key words: Enoxaparin-Pharmex, prevention of pulmonary embolism.

Modern determinants of endometrium hyperplastic processes pathogenesis

2016 ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
V.O. Benyuk ◽  
◽  
V.M. Goncharenko ◽  
T.R. Nykoniuk ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conservative Therapy ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Immunohistochemical Method ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Receptor Phenotype ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Endometrial Proliferation

The objective: to еxplore the relationship between the activity of endometrial proliferation and the state of the local immune response in the uterus in the conditions berprestasi process. Patients and methods. Examined 228 women of reproductive and perimenopausal age with endometrial pathology using ultrasound and then performing hysteroresectoscopy. Determination of the concentrations of the cytokines IL-1, IL-2, IL-6 and TNF was performed by solid phase ELISA. Results. Found a trend that confirms the loss of sensitivity to hormones at the stage of malignancy of the endometrium and can be used as diagnostic determinants in determining the nature of intrauterine pathology and criterion of the effectiveness of conservative therapy. Conclusion. Improving etiopatogenetice approach to the therapy of hyperplastic proce.sses of endometrium with determination of receptor phenotype of the endometrium is a research direction in modern gynecology, which will help to improve the results of treatment and prevention of intrauterine pathology. Key words: endometrial hyperplasia,the receptors for progesterone and estrogen, immunohistochemical method.

LOCAL RECURRENCES AFTER THE TREATMENT OF SOFT TISSUE MALIGNANT FIBROUS HISTIOCYTOMA (UNCLASSIFIEDPLEOMORPHIC SARCOMA) OF THE LIMBS

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 1523-1526
Author(s):  
Oleksandr O. Lytvynenko ◽  
Volodymyr F. Konovalenko ◽  
Anton Yu. Ryzhov
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma ◽  
Fibrous Histiocytoma ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Radical Excision ◽  
Local Recurrences ◽  
Results Of Treatment

Introduction: The treatment of patients with malignant fibrous histiocytoma as well as other soft tissue sarcomas is not sufficiently effective up to date, and has largely changed and reflects the alterations, occurred in oncology as a whole. The number of amputation decreased over the last 10-15 years. Some researchers associate the improvement of treatment outcomes with the development of combined and complex methods. The aim of the study is an improvement of the results of treatment of patients with soft tissue malignant histiocytoma on the basis of determination of factors, influencing local recurrence development. Materials and methods: The basis of our study was a comprehensive analysis of examination and treatment results of 130 patients with MFH of the soft tissue of limbs, of them in 84 patients (64.6%) the recurrences developed. The group included 45 (53.6%) males and 39 (46.4%) females. The major part of patients – 82.1% (60 patients) were older than 40 years. Results and conclusions: The number of recurrences after the treatment in general surgical facilities is 86.9%, whereas in the patients after the treatment in the specialized oncological facilities this figure is twice lower (40%). The characteristic of the medical facility where the patient receives his/her primary treatment largely affects the development of local recurrences, patients’ quality of life and overall survival rates. The surgical method remains the leading modality in the treatment of MFH of ST. Wide and radical excision of tumors in the specialized oncological facilities allows achieving better survival outcomes of the patients.

scholarly journals Determination of Risk Groups for the Covid-19 Underlying Deseases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Vagis ◽  
A. M. Gupal ◽  
I. V. Sergienko
Keyword(s):  
Risk Groups

Determination of the Success and Failure of Root-Form Osseointegrated Dental Implants

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio S. Tonetti
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Clinical Syndromes ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Pathological Material ◽  
Implanted Device ◽  
Increased Susceptibility

Permucosal osseointegrated dental implants are a highly effective and predictable treatment modality for edentulism. This review discusses some controversial aspects of the definitions for success and failure of root-form dental implants. The discussion will focus on the underlying pathologies that, if untreated, may lead to loss of the implanted device. Few clinical syndromes are described based on human pathological material and clinical presentation. The theoretical chronological relationship between implant loss and the incidence of pathology of the soft- and hard-tissue seal around implants is also discussed. The review also examines the finding that implant failures are not randomly distributed in the treated populations and that implant loss clusters in specific high-risk groups and individuals. Known risk indicators, and possible risk factors, are discussed, taking into account the patient, the reconstruction, the implant, and implant site-specific factors. Particular emphasis is placed on the need for better determination of whether periodontal patients are at higher risk for implant failures as a consequence of their increased susceptibility to infectious, inflammatory-response-driven tissue breakdown.

Determination of albumin content in blood serum based on the results of dynamic surface tension

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
M. S. Tsarkova ◽  
◽  
I. V. Milaeva ◽  
S. Yu. Zaytsev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Dynamic Surface Tension ◽  
The Body ◽  
Maximum Pressure ◽  
Dynamic Surface ◽  
Good Convergence ◽  
Albumin Content

The blood test allows you to give an objective assessment of the state of health of animals and timely identify changes occurring in the body. To assess the content of albumins in the blood serum, the method of measuring the dynamic surface tension on the VRA-1P device, which works according to the method of maximum pressure in the bubble, was used. Based on the results of the measurements, a mathematical model was proposed, and using the regression analysis method, formulas for determining the concentration of albumins were developed, which showed good convergence with other measurement methods.

scholarly journals Differences in anthropometric, somatotypological and components of body weight composition in teenager girls with primary dysmenorrhea

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
H.V. Chaika ◽  
D.G. Konkov ◽  
O.A. Taran ◽  
B.O. Markevych
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Primary Dysmenorrhea ◽  
Statistical Research ◽  
General Group ◽  
Teenage Girls ◽  
Total Body

Research aim was to identify differences in anthropometric, somatotypological and components of body weight between the respective groups of healthy teenager girls and patients with primary dysmenorrhea. Identifying such relationships will identify risk groups for primary dysmenorrhea and prevent its occurrence in adolescent girls.Materials and methods. All materials presented in the article are part of the dissertation “Prognosis, diagnosis and prevention of primary dysmenorrhea in patients of pubertal age with different somatotypes.” Authors analyzed the indicators of 270 teenager girls, among which 200 persons were almost healthy and 70 patients with primary dysmenorrhea. For examination were used questionnaire-anamnestic method, measurement of anthropometric, somatotypological, components of body weight, ultrasound examination of the pelvic organs in two cycle phases and hormonal profile examination in the follicular and luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and statistical research methods. Results. Comparing anthropometric, somatotypological and components of body weight between the relevant (general or somatotype) groups of healthy girls and patients with primary dysmenorrhea, between the general group with primary dysmenorrhea and girls with primary dysmenorrhea of different somatotypes, as well as between patients with primary dysmenorrhea different somatotypes found significant differences (p <0.05) or tendencies of differences (p = 0.05) among total body size, body circumference, torso diameter, width of the distal epiphyses of the long tubular bones of the extremities, thickness of skin and fat folds, somatotype components, indicators of body weight composition.Conclusions. Medicine of the future will be preventive, aimed to identify predictors of pathology, factors influencing the development of nosology, and individual characteristics of teenage girls, which may lead to etiological and pathogenic impulse of clinical progression of primary dysmenorrhea. Therefore, the identification of prognostic markers of primary dysmenorrhea and formation of risk groups can improve not only life quality of a particular girl, but also the reproductive potential of nation.

scholarly journals Problem of prescribing anticoagulant therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation on the regional level

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
M. G. Nazarkina ◽  
V. V. Stolyarova ◽  
D. A. Karpova
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Anticoagulant Therapy ◽  
Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Heart Rhythm ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Thromboembolic Complications ◽  
Constant Form ◽  
Heart Rhythm Disorders ◽  
The Republic

Introduction. Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with heart rhythm disorders accounting for a significant proportion of them. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is an arrhythmia that poses a risk of thromboembolic complications and is difficult to treat with ongoing preventive anticoagulant therapy. Aim of the study. To analyze the prescription of anticoagulant therapy to patients with AF on the regional level. Methods and results. The study included 72 patients with the nonvalvular form of AF (from 41 to 82 years old) of the Department of Rhythm and Conductivity Abnormalities of the State Budgetary Institution of the Republic of Mordovia RCH № 4 for 2019. Three groups were singled out depending on the AF form: the first one – patients with the constant form (n = 22), the second one (n = 24) – with the persistent form, the third one (n = 24) – with the paroxysmal form. The risk of thromboembolic complications was assessed using the CHA2DS2-VASc scale and hemorrhagic complications using the HAS-BLED scale. All patients had a high risk of thromboembolism (index above 2 points), which reflects multiple risk factors and indicates the need for oral anticoagulants (OAC). According to HAS-BLED scale calculations, the risk of haemorrhagic complications was low in most patients (2 or less points) – there was no significant increase in the risk of bleeding, but careful monitoring is required. Analysis of the results revealed that only 54% of patients took OAC, despite the fact that all patients were shown anticoagulant therapy. When analyzing the cases of patients who did not take anticoagulants, it was found that 23% of patients, despite the doctor’s recommendations, refused to take the drugs, 47% of patients justified the inability to control IHR and 30% were unable to purchase expensive new OAC. Conclusion. Despite the recommendations for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation, only 54% were prescribed oral anticoagulants.

scholarly journals Determination of the influence of predictors and the probability of retinal detachment in children based on the analysis of the odds ratio

Doklady BGUIR ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 106-109
Author(s):  
H. A. Sushchenia
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Detachment ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Vitreoretinal Interface ◽  
Clinical Hospital

The analysis of the influence of predictors on the probability of retinal detachment in children of the Minsk region was carried out on the basis of a study of the medical records of 660 children's patients treated at the Health care Institutions "4th Children's City Clinical Hospital" and “Minsk Regional Children's Clinical Hospital” for the period 2009–2019. Of these, 313 patients were older than 1 year with an established diagnosis of retinal detachment, 107 children under the age of 1 year, 240 children older than 1 year without retinal detachment at the time of treatment and the presence of predictors of its development (comparison group). To assess the influence of factors, a methodology based on the calculation of the odds ratio was used. The most significant risk factors were assigned a score equivalent from one to four, which allowed quantifying the probability of retinal detachment and identifying risk groups depending on the total score. The use of the proposed method allowed the children of the comparison group to identify changes in the vitreoretinal interface, which required primary laser preventive treatment in 46.7% of cases (113 eyes) during the three-year follow-up period, in 45.4% of children (109 eyes) it was limited only to dynamic observation without treatment. In 95.0% of children in the comparison group, it was possible to prevent the development of retinal detachment.

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