scholarly journals Development of forensic and pharmaceutical researches within the organization of pharmaceutical business, drug technology and pharmaceutical law in Ukraine concerning the turnover of controlled drugs and substances

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 98-106
Author(s):  
V.V. Shapovalov (Jr.) ◽  
V.A. Shapovalova ◽  
V.V. Shapovalov
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Research ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Medical Law ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Psychotropic Substances ◽  
Controlled Drugs ◽  
The World ◽  
Drug Technology ◽  
Human Rights Standards

Background. In recent years, the COVID-19 pandemic has spread and is developing in all countries of the world without exception, affecting not only medical and pharmaceutical, but also social, economic, toxicological and criminal aspects. In such conditions, it is of great importance in the field of healthcare and the pharmaceutical industry of Ukraine to improve the system of legal relations "doctor-patient-pharmacist", based solely on the principles of pharmaceutical and medical law. Among the components of medical and pharmaceutical law there is forensic pharmacy, which studies the causes of offenses in the field of healthcare. The purpose of the study was to analyze history of formation and development of forensic and pharmaceutical researches in Ukraine within the organization of pharmaceutical business, drug technology and pharmaceutical law. Materials and methods. Legislative and regulatory documents were used in the study; scientific publications in the field of "forensic pharmacy"; Internet resources. Normative and legal, documentary, historical, bibliographic, forensic and pharmaceutical, comparative and graphic methods of analysis were used. Results. Forensic pharmacy in the world as a scientific field is known and developed since 1946. The article covers the period of 1990-2004. Prominent scientists of Ukraine were of great importance in the formation of forensic pharmacy. The formation of forensic pharmacy began with the generalization of forensic and pharmaceutical practice in historical retrospect "from police chemistry to forensic chemical and pharmaceutical examination – from forensic pharmacy to pharmaceutical law and medical law" with the support of prof. Chernykh V.P. In the period of 1997-2003, the development of forensic pharmacy took place by improving the regulatory and legal support of the control and licensing system of circulation of medicines. Trends in the prevalence of diseases involving uncontrolled and irrational use and abuse of surfactants have been identified. The causal links between drug addiction, substance abuse and crime have been investigated. The interpretation of "potent", "poisonous" substances in the regulations of Ukraine have been improved. It is substantiated that the main indicator of classifying drugs as "potent" and "poisonous" substance is a forensic criterion that qualifies the consequences of irrational use of drugs by severity of injuries: from mild, moderate to severe injuries, or those that caused fatalities. At the next stage (2003-2004) the scientific and theoretical generalization and the new approach to the decision of a problem which is connected with development of scientifically-based principles of optimization of system of the state control over circulation of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and precursors were studied. The possibility of participation of a pharmacy specialist (pharmacist-forensic scientist) at the stages of: investigation, pre-trial investigation in forensic chemical and pharmaceutical studies of physical evidence and participation as a forensic expert in a criminal case in court has been researched. Conclusions. It is substantiated that the formation of forensic and pharmaceutical researches within the organization of pharmaceutical business, drug technology and pharmaceutical law in Ukraine has taken place. Further forensic pharmaceutical research needed to harmonize domestic legislation, international human rights standards in the field of health care, legal regulation of the pharmaceutical market and the medical services market.

scholarly journals Forensic and pharmaceutical research on the impact of drugs on the safety, life and health of road users within the organization of pharmaceutical business, drug technology, pharmaceutical and medical law in Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 127-132
Author(s):  
V.V. Shapovalov (Jr.) ◽  
V.A. Shapovalova ◽  
V.V. Shapovalov
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Pharmaceutical Research ◽  
Psychoactive Drugs ◽  
Medical Law ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Drug Technology ◽  
The Impact

Background. Around the world, drug-related road traffic accidents are one of the leading causes of injury and death among road users. Traffic safety is a system that includes the following components: a person – a person's health condition – the use of dangerous drugs of different classification and legal groups – adverse drug reactions – a vehicle – a road. The share of road traffic accidents under the influence of drugs is more than 75 %, they are also the most socially dangerous, because they have grave consequences, cause irreparable harm to the health and death of the victims. The purpose of the study was to analyze the achievements of forensic and pharmaceutical researches in Ukraine on the impact of drugs on the safety, life and health of road users within the framework of the organization of pharmaceutical business, drug technology, pharmaceutical and medical law in a retrospective aspect. Materials and methods. The materials of the imperative research were legislative, regulatory and legal documents; materials of the formation of the scientific school of forensic pharmacy; scientific publications on the topic of the article; Internet resources, sources of scientific literature. To achieve the set goals, the methods of forensic and pharmaceutical, regulatory, documentary, bibliographic, comparative, historical and graphic analysis were used. Results. The experience of the countries of the world in the prophylaxis and prevention of road traffic accidents under the influence of drugs was analyzed. The causes and conditions for the occurrence and consequences of road traffic accidents are multifactorial in nature and are associated with the victims (driver - pedestrian), vehicle, road conditions, and the use of psychoactive drugs. A system of organizational, regulatory and preventive measures has been developed to provide first medical aid to victims of a road traffic accident. Shown that there is a need for scientifically grounded organizational and legal, clinical and pharmacological, forensic pharmaceutical and socio-economic studies on causal relationships between adverse reactions due to the use of drugs of various classification and legal groups, traffic safety and road traffic accidents. For the first time in Ukraine, a mathematical model was proposed to establish the effect of psychoactive drugs on the driver's condition when driving a vehicle, depending on the calculation of the stopping path of the car in accordance with the selected speed and a decrease in the driver's response. The structure of road traffic accidents under the influence of psychoactive drugs has been investigated. Conclusions. A classification of first-aid kits for providing first medical aid to victims of road traffic accidents was proposed, which made it possible to substantiate the need to improve them both in qualitative and quantitative composition, depending on the type of vehicle and the likelihood of an accident with serious consequences. Recommendations were proposed for providing information on the possibility of obtaining medical care and the signal-calling system on the roads, marking the packages of psychoactive drugs with a special mark in the form of a red triangle. The need for further forensic pharmaceutical research has been proven.

scholarly journals Legal Regulation of Crimes Threatening Global Security

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 56-62
Author(s):  
T. M. Klyukanova ◽  
O. O. Mikhailova
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Drug Trafficking ◽  
International Security ◽  
Criminal Responsibility ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Psychotropic Substances ◽  
International Crimes ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject

The authors consider methods of legal regulation of crimes and types of international cooperation in the fight against them. The paper also highlights international measures aimed at implementing antiterrorist cooperation and combating illegal drug trafficking. The main goal is to determine the legal mechanisms for the prevention of these socially dangerous phenomena both at the local and interstate levels. The object of the research is the social relations that develop in connection with and about the peculiarities of crimes that infringe on international security. The subject of the research is the norms of modern Russian criminal law and the norms of international law. The scientific works of the authors listed in the references represent a solid theoretical and methodological basis for this research. However, research into the features of crimes should continue, since not all problematic issues in this area have been resolved. The author examines the concept, content and general features of international crimes that infringe on international security; defines the role of the UN (United Nations) and other organizations engaged in international legal regulation in the fight against international crimes; defines the features of the interstate organizations activities to prevent terrorism and illicit trafficking in narcotic and psychotropic substances. It is concluded that terrorism and illicit drug trafficking are most widespread among international crimes. The authors draw conclusions on the need to perform preventive activities aimed at preventing the Commission of international crimes, as well as on the implementation of a direct fight against such crimes through «detection, prevention, suppression, disclosure and investigation». Summarizing the authors’ points of view on the subject of criminal liability for acts of terrorism and drug trafficking, it should be noted that restraint measures, as well as strengthening responsibility measures, should be preceded by a set of preventive measures. It should also be understood that the effectiveness of anti-terrorist and anti-drug policies in the world, including in terms of the regulation of criminal liability measures, should be supported and approved by the population. To improve the legal structures of crimes that infringe on international security in the countries of the world community, it is necessary to positively perceive the international experience of various states in regulating measures of criminal responsibility and countering the spread of these acts.

LINGUACULTURAL ASPECT OF TEMPORAL NOMINATIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (30) ◽  
pp. 200-213
Author(s):  
Anna Shapoval
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Experimental Analysis ◽  
Information Resource ◽  
Basic System ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Lunar Calendar ◽  
Temporal System ◽  
The World ◽  
To Come

Analysis of linguocultural aspect of temporal nominations is impossible without involving the problems of hrononymic lexics. Chrononyms is an important information resource of a certain linguaculture, some distinctive peculiarities of conceptual picture of the world. The aim of the experimental analysis is a complex examination of the linguacultural aspect of temporal nominations that function in Chinese and Turkish languages reflecting the concepts of the world. The research was based on the material of the novels “Imperial woman” by Pearl Buck and “Roxolana” by Pavlo Zagrebelniy. The analysis of recent scientific publications allowed us to come to the conclusion that the investigation of hrononymic lexics can involve different theoretical and practical principles. Being guided by the existing classifications of chrononyms (N. Podolskaya, M. Torchinsky, S. Remmer) the linguocultural features of the following types of temporal chrononymic lexical units were identified and studied in the research: georthonyms, dynastic chrononyms, tumultonyms, parsonyms and mensonyms. The results of the research demonstrate that not all lexical units of temporal denotation chosen from the above mentioned novels refer to the class of chrononyms. The group under investigation includes the following lexemes: nominations of the lunar calendar, nominations of the solar calendar, nominations of mixed calendar and temporal slots denoting day and night. The basic system of chronology in the linguiacultures under analysis is the dominance of the lunar calendar nominations (Chinese picture of the world — 51,0 %, Turkish — 40,4 %). In the analyzed works the nominations of the solar calendar are used less often in the Chinese picture of the world; the usage of this unit reaches 20 %, and this phenomenon is historically conditioned. Mixed calendar nominations (21 % of temporal units) are rather common, solar calendar nominations are refined by the monthly calendar; it can be explained by the fact that the Chinese mind is conservative towards the new temporal system. In the Turkish picture of the world 45 % of temporal vocabulary belongs to the solar calendar since in the sixteenth century only a lunar calendar operated in the Ottoman Empire. It should be mentioned that significant place in the temporal vocabulary of “Roxolana” is conditioned by the influence of the linguistic personality of the author, who was a Ukrainian.

Legal Regulation of Treatment for Depression

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh Series
Keyword(s):  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Mental Capacity ◽  
Medicinal Products ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Controlled Drugs ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Mental Capacity Act 2005 ◽  
Incapacitated Patients ◽  
Mental Capacity Act ◽  
Over The Counter Medicines

This chapter reviews the legal regulation of treatment of depression as it exists in England and Wales, where medicinal products are regulated largely by the Medicines Act 1988 and the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971. The Medicines Act divides medicinal products into pharmacy only medicines, which can only be purchased under the supervision of a pharmacist, over-the-counter medicines, and prescription only medicines. The Misuse of Drugs Act is concerned with controlled drugs. These are divided into three classes according to their perceived degree of harmfulness. This chapter considers treatment with valid consent and two pieces of legislation that govern people who are sufficiently ill and need to be admitted to hospital: the Mental Health Act 1983 (MHA) and the Mental Capacity Act 2005 (MCA). It also discusses treatment of mentally incapacitated patients and the issue of liberty regarding the admission of a compliant but incapacitated patient to hospital. Finally, it looks at three types of non-medical prescribing in England, issued by independent prescribers, supplementary prescribers, and community practitioners.

How is science to be carried forward, and its conclusions reported?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Briggs ◽  
Hans Halvorson ◽  
Andrew Steane
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Proof ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Component Part ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Direct Role ◽  
Intellectual Activity ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
The World

The chapter appraises science as an intellectual activity that is appropriately carried out on its own terms. Consequently, it is not appropriate to introduce references to God as a component part of a mathematical proof, nor of a system of forces in the natural world, nor of a sequence of impersonal processes in the biosphere. This does not mean that it is inappropriate to be thankful to God and to celebrate all these aspects of the world as gifts. They can be employed as opportunities to express appreciation through studying and understanding them better in their own right. Nevertheless, there may be processes, such as those which shape a person’s self-identity, in which it is appropriate to recognize God’s more direct role. Good practice concerning acknowledgements sections in scientific publications such as doctoral theses and journal articles is then discussed.

REFORM OF LEGAL REGULATION OF REMOTE WORK AS A STIMULATION FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT IN RUSSIA

2020 ◽  
pp. 136-143
Author(s):  
Maria A. Andrianova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Law ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Remote Work ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Quality Work ◽  
Entrepreneurship Development ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The World ◽  
Work Done ◽  
Usual Order

The pandemic has created many difficulties for entrepreneurs around the world, including in Russia. As you know, difficulties, disrupting the usual order, can give impetus for radical changes that would not have a chance to be realized in times of peace and prosperity. It seems that remote mode is not suitable for all forms of employment, but if initially the employer assumes such an opportunity, the main problem is not the lack of the ability to control the employee, but ensuring effective communication with him and the ability to timely obtain the results of high-quality work done. It is noted that this goal can be achieved with the help of greater detail in local regulations of the order and conditions of interaction between the employee and the employer. One of the most promising consequences of the pandemic has been the reform of the legal regulation of remote work. In a very short period of time, remote work in Russia from an unviable rudiment has become one of the most progressive institutions, which has every chance of making all labor law more flexible and effective. Such labor law will undoubtedly become one of the incentives for the development of entrepreneurship in Russia.

scholarly journals The problem of waste in the Russian Federation

2018 ◽  
Vol 193 ◽  
pp. 02030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kseniya Kovalenko ◽  
Nataliya Kovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Waste Utilization ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Solid Domestic Waste ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation

This article discusses the problems of environmental safety in the sphere of disposing of domestic and industrial wastes in the environment as one of the most important aspects of sustainable development of society. At present, this problem is one of the top priorities and is being solved at the world level. With the emergence of the consumer nature of society, the issue of waste disposal becomes more acute, requiring immediate solutions on a global scale. At present, the quantity and variety of solid household waste (MSW) in the countries is rapidly increasing. This is typical not only for industry, agriculture, megacities, but also for individual residents. At the beginning of 2014, the Russian Federation accumulated more than 35 billion tons of waste. The problem of garbage is not just a difficulty, but a global environmental challenge. One of the main reasons is that there are no mechanisms for regulating the market for collection and processing of solid domestic waste in Russia. We can also say that there is a shortage of specialists in this field, competent managers capable of establishing the entire chain of waste utilization. In the Russian Federation, this problem is as acute as it is throughout the world. Unauthorized landfills are one of the components of this problem. The state should pay more attention to legal regulation of this issue, engage in environmental and legal culture of citizens in order to prevent the emergence of unauthorized landfills, their prompt liquidation, and protect the constitutional rights of citizens to an environmentally safe environment.

scholarly journals Cyber Bulling in Modern Conditions: Possibilities of Legal Regulation

2021 ◽  
pp. 097-103
Author(s):  
O. P. Kopylova ◽  
◽  
S. V. Medvedeva ◽  
Yu. V. Kalashnikova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Cyber Bullying ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
The World

Possibilities of legal regulation of cyber bullying are considered in modern conditions. Aggressive behavior in the Internet space is gaining momentum in its distribution among adolescents not only in Russia but throughout the world. Cyber bullying is one of the newest, most dangerous, and also depressing emotional states of a teenager in terms of the consequences of the risk they face. The concept of “cyber bullying” is considered; its forms are specified; proposals aimed at neutralizing the bullying that occurs among adolescents in the Internet space are formulated.

scholarly journals Legal regulation of solving problems of pollution prevention Oceans

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.V. Strygina
Keyword(s):  
Social Responsibility ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
National Legislation ◽  
The World

The article analyses the legal basis of activities of cleaning up the world oceans. It is emphasized that they are complex. The role of the UN in solving environmental problems is also highlighted. The need for international cooperation in the protection of the marine environment is mentioned. The article raises the problem of improving both international and national legislation and eliminating gaps in the law. The importance of social responsibility of business is emphasized.

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