Perbedaan Pola Menyusui Bulan Pertama Ibu Melahirkan Seksio Sesarea Dibandingkan Melahirkan Normal di Rumah Sakit Sayang Bayi

Background: exclusive breastfeeding should be provided until 6 months of age, but the fact proves that the pattern of breastfeeding has decreased. The pattern of the first month lactation is a critical period for the survival of the subsequent breastfeeding, so it is necessary to make efforts to maintain the duration of breastfeeding because the success of the first month breastfeeding will increase mothers’ confidence to continue breastfeeding.Objective: To determine differences in the pattern of the first month breastfeeding in mothers who gave birth by cesarean section compared to those by vaginal delivery in Rumah Sakit Sayang Bayi (Baby Friendly Hospital)Method: Type of research is comparative observational with a prospective cohort design using a quantitative approach. The research was conducted in Baby Friendly Hospital of RSUD (General Hospital) Mataram City. Total sample 120 consisted of 60 mothers giving birth the caesarean section and 60 mothers vaginal delivery. The independent variable of giving birth by Cesarean Section and vaginal delivery, dependent variable pattern the first month of breastfeeding and external variables age, parity, employment, the incidence of antepartum and postpartum. The sampling technique using consecutive sampling. Analysis of the data used is univaribel, bivariate using Chi-square and Fisher's exact test and multivariable logistic regression and stratification testResult and Discussion: There was no significant correlation between the mode of delivery and the patterns of the first month breastfeeding by including a variable of employment with a value of OR (95% CI) = 1.6 (0.63 to 4.17) and there was a decrease in the value of OR (95% CI ) from 2.5 (1.05 to 5.94) to 1.6 (0.63 to 4.17); there was also no significant correlation when involving the variable of the incidence of ante partum and post partum with the value of OR (95% CI) = 1.7 (0.45 to 6.26) and OR (95% CI) = 2.3 (0.96 to 5.53), respectively.Conclusion: : There is no difference patterns of breastfeeding mothers first month who gave birth cesarean section compared to normal birth. Caesarean section would affect the pattern of the first month breastfeeding if cesarean section deliveries occurred at housewives and mothers who did not experience the incidence of ante partum. Keywords: pattern of breastfeeding; vaginal deliveries; caesarean section; breast milk;

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Anemia berhubungan dengan Perdarahan Post Partum

Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan ◽

10.24929/jik.v6i1.1359 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 13-18

Author(s):

Zakiyah Yasin ◽

Mujib Hannan ◽

Erlyn Wahyuni

Keyword(s):

Statistical Tests ◽

Post Partum ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Total Sample ◽

Chi Square ◽

Post Partum Hemorrhage ◽

A Value ◽

Anemia During Pregnancy ◽

Independent Variable ◽

The Relationship

Pregnant women who experience anemia and untreated until the end of pregnancy will have an effect at the time of delivery, so that it can cause post partum hemorrhage which results in death in the mother. This study aims to analyze the relationship between anemia and the incidence of post partum hemorrhage in Puskesmas Lenteng, Lenteng District, Sumenep Regency. The study design was analytic with a retrospective approach, the total population was 35 mothers, the total sample was 29 mothers, the sampling technique used random sampling. The independent variable is anemia, the dependent variable is the incidence of post partum hemorrhage. Collecting data using a checklist, data analysis using the chi square statistical test, the value of a = 0.05. The results showed that of the 29 women who gave birth, most of them experienced anemia (HB level <11 g%) during pregnancy, as many as 19 mothers gave birth (65.5%), and of the 29 mothers gave birth, most of them experienced post partum hemorrhage as much as 17 mothers gave birth (59%). The result of statistical tests using chi square with a value of a = 0.05, the resulting value (ρ) = 0.000, so that the value (ρ) <a (0.000 <0.05), which means that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted, i.e. the relationship between anemia and the incidence of post partum hemorrhage at the Lenteng Public Health Center, Lenteng District, Sumenep Regency in 2020 In order to reduce the incidence of post partum hemorrhage, it is hoped that the mother in labor can prevent anemia during pregnancy, namely by consuming foods that contain lots of protein such as meat, liver, eggs, vegetables, folic acid (Vitamin C) and consumption of Fe tablets regularly and how to drink properly and according to conditions / needs.

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Twin entanglement revisited

Twin Research ◽

10.1375/twin.1.3.138 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 138-141 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Richard B Kurzel

Keyword(s):

Cesarean Section ◽

Perinatal Mortality ◽

Vaginal Delivery ◽

Mode Of Delivery ◽

Frequency Of Occurrence ◽

Vaginal Deliveries ◽

Pelvic Inlet

AbstractA fear of interlocking twins is one factor that has led to a high Cesarean section (C/S) rate in breech (A)/vertex (B) (Bra/Vtxb) twins. We sought to estimate the frequency of occurrence of twin entanglement, and of interlocking Bra/Vtxb twins in vaginal deliveries. 541 twins and 48 195 deliveries were retrospectively studied for the period 1987–1995. The incidence of Bra/Vtxb deliveries was noted, and the number of deliveries marked by interlocking and collision of fetuses. The mode of delivery, reason for C/S, and sources of perinatal mortality were noted. Only 43 deliveries were Bra/Vtxb (7.9% of all twins) and of these only 14 (32.6%) were delivered vaginally. One case of interlocking (2.3% of all Bra/Vtxb pairs) and five cases of collision of twins (ie competition for entry into the pelvic inlet with obstruction) were noted. All cases mentioned were delivered by C/S. No perinatal mortality resulted from these cases. In recent years the trend has been for greater use of C/S and ultrasound in managing twin deliveries. In this study 67.4% of Bra/Vtxb twins were delivered by C/S. Although there are fewer vaginal deliveries of these twins and the rate for interlocking (2.3%; 95% CI: 0.06–12.3%) for the whole group has remained about the same, we found the rate in those twins allowed vaginal delivery was 6.7% (95% CI: 0.2–31.9%). The presentation at greatest risk for entanglement was found to be Bra/Vtxb.

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The Costs and Their Determinant of Cesarean Section and Vaginal Delivery: An Exploratory Study in Chongqing Municipality, China

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2016/5685261 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Zhifei He ◽

Zhaohui Cheng ◽

Tailai Wu ◽

Yan Zhou ◽

Junguo Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Length Of Stay ◽

Cesarean Section ◽

Vaginal Delivery ◽

Influencing Factors ◽

Chi Square ◽

Delivery Modes ◽

Chongqing Municipality ◽

Vaginal Deliveries ◽

Tertiary Hospitals ◽

Chi Square Test

Objectives. This study aims to analyze the cesarean section (CS) rates and vaginal delivery rates in tertiary hospitals of China, explore the costs of two different deliveries, and examine the relative influencing factors of the costs in both CS and vaginal deliveries. Methods. 30,168 anonymized obstetric medical cases were selected from three sample tertiary hospitals in Chongqing Municipality from 2011 to 2013. Chi-square test was used to compare the distributions of CS and vaginal deliveries under different indicators. Mann–Whitney test and Kruskal-Wallis test were adopted to analyze the differences under different items. Multiple linear regression was used to determine the influencing factors of the costs of different delivery modes. Results. (1) The rates of CS were 69%, 65.5%, and 59.2% in the three sample tertiary hospitals in Chongqing from 2011 to 2013. (2) The costs and the length of stay of CS were greater than those of vaginal delivery, which had significant differences (P<0.005). (3) The areas, length of stay, age, medical insurance, and modes of delivery were the influencing factors of both CS and vaginal delivery costs. Discussion. The high CS rates in China must be paid significant attention. The indicators of two modes of delivery should be regulated strictly. CS rate reduction and saving medical resources will be the benefits if vaginal delivery is chosen by pregnant women.

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PREVALENCE OF POSTPARTUM ENDOMETRITIS AND ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE OF RESPONSIBLE PATHOGENS IN UKRAINE: RESULTS A MULTICENTER STUDY (2015-2017)

Wiadomości Lekarskie ◽

10.36740/wlek202006119 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 73 (6) ◽

pp. 1177-1183

Author(s):

Aidyn G. Salmanov ◽

Alla D. Vitiuk ◽

Dmytro Zhelezov ◽

Olga Bilokon ◽

Alla G. Kornatska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Cesarean Section ◽

Vaginal Delivery ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Methicillin Resistance ◽

Mode Of Delivery ◽

Multicenter Cohort Study ◽

Hospital System ◽

Vaginal Deliveries

The aim: To obtain the prevalence of postpartum endometritis women and antimicrobial resistance of responsible pathogens in Ukraine. Materials and methods: We performed a retrospective multicenter cohort study. The study population consisted of all women who had a vaginal delivery or cesarean section in 14 Regional Women’s Hospitals of Ukraine. Results: Total 2460 of 25,344 patients were found to have postpartum endometritis, for an overall infection rate of 9.7%. The postpartum endometritis rates were 7.6% after vaginal delivery and 16.4% after cesarean section. Incidence of postpartum endometritis after cesarean section is affected mainly by the mode of delivery (scheduled caesarean deliveries (done before labor starts) – 13.8% and unscheduled caesarean deliveries (done after labor starts) – 22.5%. The predominant pathogens were: Escherichia coli (32.7%), Enterococcus faecalis (13.0%), Streptococcus spp. (12.1%), Klebsiella spp. (10.4%) and Enterobacter spp. (10%). Among the antimicrobial agents tested, the ertapenem, piperacillin/ tazobactam, and cefotaxim were the most consistently active in vitro against Enterobacteriaceae in both vaginal deliveries and after cesarean section infections. The overall proportion of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production among Enterobacteriaceae was 22.8% and of methicillin-resistance in Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) 15.4%. Conclusions: Postpartum endometritis and antimicrobial resistance of responsible pathogens presents a significant burden to the hospital system. Postpartum infections surveillance is required in all women’s hospitals. This knowledge is essential to develop targeted strategies to reduce the incidence of postpartum infections.

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PERBANDINGAN PERSALINAN SEKSIO SESAREA DAN PERVAGINAM PADA WANITA HAMIL DENGAN OBESITAS

e-CliniC ◽

10.35790/ecl.4.1.2016.10951 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Adelia S. Ekwendi ◽

Maya E. Mewengkang ◽

Frank M. M. Wagey

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Caesarean Section ◽

Cesarean Section ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Vaginal Delivery ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

Age Group ◽

Microsoft Excel ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Vaginal Deliveries

Abstract: Obesity is a problem throughout the world and is commonly found among women in the region of Southeast Asia. Obesity in pregnant women increases the risk of complications associated with an increasing incidence of caesarean section and a decreasing incidence of vaginal delivery. This study aimed to determine the comparison of caesarean section and vaginal delivery in pregnant women with obesity. This was a descriptive study with a cross-sectional approach. This study used data of the patients’ medical record. Samples were all pregnant women with obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) at the end of pregnancy who underwent caesarean sections and vaginal deliveries in Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado from January 2014 until October 2015. The data were processed by using the Microsoft Excel. The results showed that the number of pregnant women with obesity was 926 and of pregnant women who underwent caesarean section was 50.22%. Pregnant women with obesity in the age group over 30 years, nutritional status obese II and III, and body weight over 85 kg were more frequent in undergoing the cesarean section. Conclusion: The higher BMI, body weight, and age of a pregnant woman, the higher risk of undergoing cesarean section compared to vaginal delivery. Keywords: BMI, obesity, caesarean section, vaginal delivery Abstrak: Obesitas merupakan masalah yang mendunia dan paling banyak dialami oleh wanita di wilayah Asia-Tenggara. Obesitas pada wanita hamil meningkatkan risiko terjadinya komplikasi yang berhubungan dengan peningkatan angka kejadian persalinan seksio sesarea dan penurunan kejadian persalinan pervaginam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan persalinan seksio sesarea dan pervaginam pada wanita hamil dengan obesitas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan potong lintang. Penelitian dilakukan dengan melihat catatan rekam medis pasien. Sampel penelitian ialah seluruh wanita hamil dengan obesitas (IMT ≥ 30 kg/m2) pada akhir kehamilan yang menjalani persalinan seksio sesarea dan pervaginam di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado dari bulan Januari 2014 sampai Oktober 2015. Data yang diperoleh diolah dengan menggunakan Microsoft excel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah wanita hamil dengan obesitas 926 orang dan yang menjalani seksio sesarea sebanyak 50,22%. Wanita hamil dengan obesitas pada kelompok umur di atas 30 tahun, status gizi obes II dan III, serta kelompok berat badan lebih dari 85 kg lebih banyak menjalani persalinan seksio sesarea. Simpulan: Semakin meningkat IMT, berat badan, dan usia seorang wanita hamil, maka semakin tinggi risiko menjalani persalinan seksio sesarea dibandingkan pervaginam. Kata kunci: IMT, obesitas, seksio sesarea, persalinan pervaginam

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Mode of Delivery in Pregnant Females with Fibroid Uterus Presenting in Spontaneous Labour

Esculapio ◽

10.51273/esc20.2516416 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (4 (oct 2020 - dec 2020)) ◽

Author(s):

Uzma Aziz ◽

Madiha Afzal ◽

Hadia Shabbir

Keyword(s):

Caesarean Section ◽

Cesarean Section ◽

Vaginal Delivery ◽

Mode Of Delivery ◽

Uterine Fibroids ◽

Emergency Caesarean Section ◽

Pregnant Females ◽

Fibroid Uterus ◽

Emergency Caesarean ◽

Spontaneous Labour

Objectives: To determine the mode of delivery of obstetric population with uterine fibroids presenting in spontaneous labor. Methods: It was a Descriptive cross sectional study done at Obstetric unit of Arif Memorial teaching Hospital, from June 2019 to May 2020. 50 pregnant patients with uterine fibroids in spontaneous labor were included in the study with 95% confidence level and 5 % margin of error. Results: In our study, 62 % (n=31) patients were between 20-30 years of age with 38 % (n=19) between 31-40 years with Mean age and SD 25.63 ±2.89 years. 68% (n=32) patients were between 34-36 weeks of gestation whereas 32% (n=18) were between 37-39 weeks with Mean gestational age and SD 29.66 ±1.59. 66 % (n=33) patients were Primigravida to Gravida 3 and 34% (n=17) were Gravida4 to Gravida 5. The frequency of emergency caesarean section in patients with uterine fibroids was 58% (n=29) whereas 42 % (n=21) cases with uterine fibroids had normal vaginal delivery. The most frequent indication for emergency cesarean section was labor dystocia i.e. (41.37%). Conclusion: The frequency of emergency caesarean section amongst patients with uterine fibroids presenting in spontaneous labor is high particularly due to labor arrest. The number of fibroids has an impact on mode of delivery in these patients. Therefore each obstetric patient with uterine fibroids, must be evaluated thoroughly for the appropriate mode of delivery in prenatal period. Key Words: Pregnancy, uterine fibroids, mode of delivery, cesarean section, spontaneous vaginal delivery How to Cite: Aziz U, Afzal M, Shabbir H. Mode of delivery in pregnant females with fibroid uterus presenting in spontaneous labour. Esculapio.2020;16(04):74-78.

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Risk factors for stress urinary incontinence following vaginal and caesarean delivery

Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.32771/inajog.v7i1.830 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 50

Author(s):

Nur Waqiah ◽

David Lotisna ◽

Nusratuddin Abdullah

Keyword(s):

Urinary Incontinence ◽

Stress Urinary Incontinence ◽

Caesarean Section ◽

Post Partum ◽

Mode Of Delivery ◽

Severity Index ◽

Chi Square ◽

Perineal Tear ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Newborn Weight

Abstract Background: Most of the stress urinary incontinence (SUI) occurs after first delivery and related to the mode of delivery. Objective: To determine the factors that affects the incidence of stress urinary incontinence post partum Methods: Women experienced with stress urinary incontinence 3 months after birth vaginally or section caesarean were enrolled in the present cross sectional study. The strength of the pelvic floor muscle measured with perineometer. All of women were assessed for SUI using Sandvix Severity Index (SSI) dan The three incontinence question (3IQ) questionnaire. A person chi-square test was used to analysis with p value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Eighty-four women with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) after vaginal delivery or caesarean section enrolled in the study. There was a significant difference between mode of delivery and SUI following delivery (p<0.05). Perineal tear (grade 1-2), BMI, newborn weight and circumference significantly affect the SUI after vaginal or caesarean section. Perineal tear increase SUI after delivery 7-fold compared to other factors (OR=7.367; 95% CI=1.815-29.904). Conclusion : SUI after delivery affected by Mode of delivery, pelvic muscle floor weakness, perineal tear, BMI, newborn weight and head circumference. Keywords: stress urinary incontinence, mode of delivery Abstrak Latar belakang: Sebagian besar kasus stress inkontinensia urin terjadi setelah partus pertama kali dan berhubungan dengan metode persalinan. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya stress inkontinensia urin post partum Metode: Wanita yang mengalami stres inkontinensia urin 3 bulan postpartum normal atau seksio dilibatkan dalam penelitian cross sectional ini. Kekuatan otot dasar panggul diukur dengan perineometer. Penilaian SUI dilakuakn dengan menggunakan kuesioner Sandvix Severity Index (SSI) dan The three incontinence question (3IQ). Data dianalisis dengan uji Chi-square dengan tingkat kemaknaan p<0,05. Hasil: Delapan puluh empat wanita dengan SIU postpartum per vaginam atau operasi caesar dilibatkan dalam penelitian ini. Terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara cara persalinan dan SIU setelah postpartum (p<0,05). Ruptur perineum (grade 1-2), IMT, berat bayi lahir dan lingkar kepala secara signifikan mempengaruhi SIU postpartum. Ruptur perineum meningkatkan SUI postpartum 7 kali lipat dibandingkan dengan faktor-faktor lainnya (OR = 7,367; 95% CI = 1,815-29,904). Kesimpulan: SIU postpartum dipengaruhi oleh cara persalinan, kelemahan dasar otot panggul, robekan perineum, IMT, berat bayi lahir dan lingkar kepala. Kata kunci : stress inkontinensia urin, metode persalinan

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Cesarean Vs Vaginal Delivery : An Institutional Experience

Journal of Nepal Medical Association ◽

10.31729/jnma.3467 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 56 (209) ◽

pp. 535-539

Author(s):

Shanta Sharma ◽

Indra Dhakal

Keyword(s):

Cesarean Section ◽

Vaginal Delivery ◽

Categorical Variables ◽

Maternal Complications ◽

Chi Square ◽

Normal Delivery ◽

Vaginal Deliveries ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Institutional Experience ◽

Prolonged Labor

Introduction: According to the WHO, 15% of deliveries have precise indication for cesarean section where it is mandatory for the preservation of maternal and/or fetal health. Increasing rates of Lower Segment Caesarean Sections puts foreword various question that, whether a LSCS need to be reflected as a normal delivery in this twenty first century. There are conflicting reports regarding the safety of caesarean sections. While a significant number of cesarean delivery are performed for obstetrical indications, some are simply due to maternal request and may incur several risks for the child. Not much study has compared the complications of caesarean section with those of vaginal birth. Objective of this study is to find out and compare the common complications of cesarean section with vaginal deliveries on mothers. Methods: A descriptive study was conducted in two selected hospitals of Rupandehi district, Nepal. Data was collected as per pretested structured proforma from 550 respondents randomly and analyzed by using SPSS, MANOVA and Chi-square test to determine associations between categorical variables. Results: In total of 550 mothers, 408 (74.2%) had vaginal delivery and 142 (25.8%) had cesarean delivery.The common maternal complications were postpartum hemorrhage 116 (21.1%), prolonged labor 47 (8.5%) and wound infection 42 (7.6%). Conclusions: The result of the study shows that the maternal complications were higher among LSCS compared to vaginal delivery.

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HUBUNGAN TUNGAU DEBU RUMAH, PAPARAN ASAP ROKOK DAN RIWAYAT PENYAKIT KELUARGA TERHADAP KEJADIAN ASMA BRONKIAL PADA ANAK USIA 5 – 10 TAHUN DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS LEMPAKE KOTA SAMARINDA TAHUN 2016

KESMAS UWIGAMA: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat ◽

10.24903/kujkm.v3i1.327 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Sri Evi New Yearsi Pangadongan ◽

Agustina Rahyu ◽

Selvy Pasulu

Keyword(s):

Cigarette Smoke ◽

Bronchial Asthma ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Total Sample ◽

Control Group ◽

Case Group ◽

Chi Square ◽

History Of ◽

Weather Changes ◽

And Gender

Bronchial Asthma generally starts from childhood which is condition where respiration channel experiences constriction because of hyperactivity with some specific stimulation which cause inflammation. Some risk factors are smoking exposure of cigarette smoke, weather changes, mite on house dirt, pet and history of family sickness. The purpose of this research is to know Relation of mite on house dirt, exposure of cigarette smoke and history of family sickness with bronchial asthma incident to child 5 – 10 years old on working area of Puskesmas Lempake Samarinda City in 2016. Method which used was analytic survey with Case Control approaching. The total sample was 36 children which consisted of 18 case group and 18 control group with matching by using age and gender which submitted with Purposive Sampling technique. Data Analysis used Chi Square with wrong degree α = 0,005. The result showed that there was relation of mite of house dirt (p = 0,006), history of family sickness (p = 0,001) and no relation with exposure of cigarette smoke (p = 0,370) with bronchial asthma incident to child 5 – 10 years old on working area of Puskesmas Lempake Samarinda City in 2016.

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A STUDY OF POSTPARTUM INTRAUTERINE CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICE INSERTIONS IN CAESAREAN SECTIONS AND FOLLOWING VAGINAL DELIVERIES

10.36106/ijsr/8922651 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-3

Author(s):

Shweta Pathak ◽

Manaswita Samanta ◽

Debarshi Jana

Keyword(s):

Caesarean Section ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Clinical Outcomes ◽

Vaginal Delivery ◽

Caesarean Delivery ◽

Contraceptive Device ◽

Obstetrics And Gynaecology ◽

Vaginal Deliveries ◽

Intrauterine Contraceptive

Aim: To study clinical outcomes of immediate postpartum IUCD insertion and to compare immediate postpartum IUCD insertion as a factor of route of insertion (caesarean vs. vaginal). Material and methods: This prospective study was conducted in a Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of medicine and JNM Hospital, Kalyani, Nadia. Duration of the study was one and half years [ 15 months inclusion, 3 months follow up]. Total 100 cases are included [50 vaginal and 50 caesarean]. Women who were attending or referred to OPD or ER of Dept. of Obst and Gynae, College of medicine and JNM Hospital and delivering either vaginally or by caesarean section, have received counseling for postoperative contraception and have consented to PPIUCD insertion Result:It was found that in Caesarean, 26(52.0%) patients had bleeding P/V 6 weeks. In Vaiginal, 28(56.0%) patients had bleeding P/V 6 weeks. Association of bleeding P/V 6 weeks vs. group was not statistically signicant (p=0.61968). In Caesarean, 11(22.0%) patients had bleeding P/V 3 weeks. In Vaiginal, 13(26.0%) patients had bleeding P/V 3 weeks. Association of bleeding P/V 3 weeks vs. group was not statistically signicant (p=0.6395). Conclusion:Infection was not statistically signicant in two groups at 6 week and 3 month.Missing thread was signicantly higher caesarean delivery compared to vaginal delivery.It was also found that refusal/ continuation was more common in vaginal delivery compared to caesarean delivery, which was not statistically signicant.

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