scholarly journals NARINGIN REVEALS AMELIORATIVE PROPERTY OVER ELEVATED OXIDATIVE STRESS LEVELS IN ANIMAL MODELS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Zorawar Singh ◽  
Adeshwinder Kaur ◽  
Shivam Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Grapefruit Juice ◽  
Cardiac Fibrosis ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Cell Components

Oxidative stress (OxiS) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Free radicals interact with different cell components including DNA, proteins, and lipids to become stable. In this process, these free radicals damage the integrity of these biological moieties and result in various health implications. Naringin (NG), a naturally occurring phytochemical commonly found in grapefruit juice has been explored for its protective role against OxiS. In this short review paper, an attempt has been made to compile the study reports revealing the antioxidative nature of NG in different animal models. Studies have reported NG as a potential antioxidant in various health ailments including diabetes, cardiac fibrosis, cognitive dysfunction, and neurodegeneration.

Antioxidant Potential of Ziziphora Clinopodioides Lam: A Narrative Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hossein Hosseinzadeh ◽  
Mohammad Ali Ebrahimzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Endemic Medicinal Plant ◽  
Harmful Effects

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated by many redox processes that normally occur in the metabolism of aerobic cells. They are highly reactive and harmful to normal cells. If not eliminated, they can damage important molecules, such as DNA and proteins. These harmful effects of free radicals can be blocked by antioxidants, which scavenge the free radicals and detoxify the organism. Plants and plant-derived products contain a wide range of phytochemicals, such as antioxidants, which are thought to have a protective role against the risk of oxidative stress-related diseases. Oxidative stress is an important contributor to the pathophysiology of a variety of pathological conditions such as arteriosclerosis, cancer, gastrointestinal tract disorders, rheumatism, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, nephritis, neurodegenerative disease, and inflammatory injury. Recently, interest has considerably increased in finding naturally occurring antioxidants to replace synthetic antioxidants, which were restricted due to their adverse reactions such as carcinogenesis. Natural products have been the basis to treat some human diseases. There is emerging interest in the use of naturally occurring antioxidants for the management of a number of these pathophysiological conditions. Among the various natural sources, endemic medicinal plant species are of particular interest because they may be used for producing raw materials or preparations containing phytochemicals with significant antioxidant capacities and possible health benefits. Ziziphora Clinopodioides, known as Kakuti-e kuhi, Ankh, Lip vanilla, and mountain mint, is a wild flowering plant of Lamiaceae family. It is native to the parts of Iran and Iraq. In traditional medicine of Iran, this plant has been used to treat stomach and gastrointestinal pain, inflammatory, and cardiovascular disease, asthma, cough, bronchitis, insomnia, colds, flu, and other infectious diseases. In this paper, published antioxidant activities of Z. Clinopodioides were reviewed.

Haem oxygenase-1: a target for dietary antioxidants

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1003-1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.M. Ogborne ◽  
S.A. Rushworth ◽  
C.A. Charalambos ◽  
M.A. O'Connell
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Vascular Disease ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Dietary Therapy ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Dietary Antioxidants ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Haem Oxygenase

HO-1 (haem oxygenase-1) is a stress-response enzyme involved in the catabolism of haem. In animal models, it plays a key protective role in vascular disease. HO-1 has anti-inflammatory effects in macrophages and is induced by a range of stimuli, including antioxidants, in various cell types. As dietary antioxidants are considered to be beneficial in vascular disease, their protective effects may occur through induction of HO-1. Emerging evidence suggests that a range of dietary and other naturally occurring antioxidants stimulate HO-1 expression in various cell types, although regulation by these compounds has not been investigated in detail. These studies suggest that HO-1 may be a target for dietary therapy in vascular disease.

scholarly journals SUPEROKSIDA DISMUTASE (SOD) DAN RADIKAL BEBAS

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-129
Author(s):  
Evirosa Juliartha Simanjuntak ◽  
Zulham Zulham
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Cellular Tissue ◽  
The Body ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Superoxide Anions ◽  
Cell Components ◽  
Endogenous Antioxidant

Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an endogenous antioxidant that works by regulating ROS levels. This group of enzymes functions to catalyze the efficient disposal of superoxide anions. Superoxide anions are produced enzymatically and non-enzymatically. In mammals there are 3 types of SOD, namely SOD1 (CuZnSOD), SOD2 (MnSOD), SOD3 (ECSOD). Oxidative stress caused by free radicals has been reported to be involved in several diseases. Various stressors trigger ROS production, also triggering the production of enzymatic antioxidants such as catalase (CAT), hydroperoxidase (HPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Free radicals cause oxidative stress when the amount in the body is excessive, this situation will cause oxidative damage at the cellular, tissue to organ levels that will accelerate the aging process and the onset of disease. Free radicals are molecules that have one or more unpaired electrons and are therefore relatively unstable. Free radicals try to stabilize themselves by taking electrons from other molecules and will produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). If there is a disturbance in the balance of ROS products with antioxidants, oxidative stress will occur which results in damage to cell components. The higher levels of oxidative stress will increase the lipid peroxidation marker which is presented as malondialdehyde (MDA) and decrease the SOD enzyme activity. Thus the role of molecules that have antioxidant activity is very necessary to ward off oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Rutaecarpine Inhibits Doxorubicin-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis by Activating AKT Signaling Pathway

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zi-Qi Liao ◽  
Yi-Nong Jiang ◽  
Zhuo-Lin Su ◽  
Hai-Lian Bi ◽  
Jia-Tian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cardiac Fibrosis ◽  
Heart Function ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Akt Inhibitor

Patients with cancer who receive doxorubicin (DOX) treatment can experience cardiac dysfunction, which can finally develop into heart failure. Oxidative stress is considered the most important mechanism for DOX-mediated cardiotoxicity. Rutaecarpine (Rut), a quinazolinocarboline alkaloid extracted from Evodia rutaecarpa was shown to have a protective effect on cardiac disease. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of Rut in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity and explore the underlying mechanism. Intravenous injection of DOX (5 mg/kg, once a week) in mice for 4 weeks was used to establish the cardiotoxic model. Echocardiography and pathological staining analysis were used to detect the changes in structure and function in the heart. Western blot and real-time PCR analysis were used to detect the molecular changes. In this study, we found that DOX time-dependently decreased cardiac function with few systemic side effects. Rut inhibited DOX-induced cardiac fibrosis, reduction in heart size, and decrease in heart function. DOX-induced reduction in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH), enhancement of malondialdehyde (MDA) was inhibited by Rut administration. Meanwhile, Rut inhibited DOX-induced apoptosis in the heart. Importantly, we further found that Rut activated AKT or nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2) which further upregulated the antioxidant enzymes such as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and GSH cysteine ligase modulatory subunit (GCLM) expression. AKT inhibitor (AKTi) partially inhibited Nrf-2, HO-1, and GCLM expression and abolished the protective role of Rut in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. In conclusion, this study identified Rut as a potential therapeutic agent for treating DOX-induced cardiotoxicity by activating AKT.

New reagents for detecting free radicals and oxidative stress

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (35) ◽  
pp. 6757-6766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mina Barzegar Amiri Olia ◽  
Carl H. Schiesser ◽  
Michelle K. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Ultimate Control ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

This short review highlights recent progress in the development of reagents for the detection of free radicals and reactive oxygen species, a key step on the road to their understanding and ultimate control.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Effects of Vitamins C, E and Provitamin A Compounds as Monitored by Use of Biochemical Oxidative Indicators Linked to Atherosclerosis and Carcinogenesis

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Human Diseases ◽  
Provitamin A ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Oxidative Processes ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Reactive oxygen species as initiators of oxidative stress account for LDL and DNA oxidative changes that are respectively associated with the development of pathological conditions such as atherosclerosis and carcinogenesis. This review paper first focuses on specific bio-indicators used to monitor these harmful oxidative stress conditions and develop health strategies against the associated human diseases. Subsequently, it provides an overview of the most recent available literature on the protective role that certain antioxidant vitamins (vitamin C, vitamin E and provitamin A compounds) have been reported to exert against the biochemical oxidative processes that govern the initiation of these specific human diseases.

scholarly journals Protective Role of Melatonin in Neonatal Diseases

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eloisa Gitto ◽  
Lucia Marseglia ◽  
Sara Manti ◽  
Gabriella D’Angelo ◽  
Ignazio Barberi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Oxygen Radical ◽  
Perinatal Brain Injury ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Prophylactic Use

Oxidative stress contributes to the severity of several newborn conditions to the extent that Saugstad coined the phrase “oxygen radical diseases of neonatology.” In order to counteract free radicals damage many strategies to augment antioxidant status in ill-term and preterm infants have been proposed and several medications have been experimented with mixed results. Several studies have tested the efficacy of melatonin to counteract oxidative damage in diseases of newborns such as chronic lung disease, perinatal brain injury, necrotizing enterocolitis, and retinopathy of prematurity, giving promising results. The peculiar perinatal susceptibility to oxidative stress indicates that prophylactic use of antioxidants as melatonin could help to prevent or at least reduce oxidative stress related diseases in newborns. However, more studies are needed to confirm these beneficial effects.

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