scholarly journals Джебцзун-Дамба-хутухта и амбань Сань До: начало противостояния (из донесений генерального консула в Урге Я. П. Шишмарева в 1910 году)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-215
Author(s):  
Bazar D. Tsybenov ◽  
◽  
Leonid V. Kuras
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Religious Leader ◽  
Qing Empire ◽  
Secondary Tasks ◽  
The Qing Dynasty ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Goals And Objectives ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Russian Research

Introduction. The situation in non-Han territories of the Qing Empire that preceded the Xinhai Revolution of 1911 was quite tense. Outer Mongolia became the scene of growing impatience with the dominance of the Manchu administration and Chinese merchants, which attested to weak positions of the Qing dynasty in the region. In the meantime, the Russian Empire in every way available increased its political and economic influence on Outer Mongolia. Goals and Objectives. The article studies the relationships between the religious leader of Mongolia Jebtsundamba Khutukhtu and the new appointee of the Qing Empire Amban Sando. Sando proved a supporter of the ‘new policy’ who had served as a Manchu official in South China, and then spent seven years in Japan. Immediately prior to Urga, he had been ruling the Tumet Banners. The research objectives set include as follows: review of Amban Sando’s activities between his arrival to Urga in February 1910 to April 1910; insight into the March 1910 Urga unrest of Buddhist priests; analysis of interpersonal relationships between Jebtsundamba Khutukhtu and Sando. Somewhat secondary tasks are to analyze reactions of Jebtsundamba Khutukhtu and the Mongolian population to the departure of the 13th Dalai Lama to India in 1910; to consider the problem of the emerged rebel detachment led by Togtokho from Inner to Outer Mongolia. Materials. The work analyzes reports by Russian Consul General in Urga Ya. Shishmarev housed by the Archive of Foreign Policy of the Russian Empire. The study also examines some Mongolian and Russian research works. Conclusions. According to Ya. Shishmarev, Sando was supporting China’s reforms and entered the Urga office with all his might. The reports inform the relationships between Sando and Jebtsundamba Khutukhtu were tough since the very beginning, and they worsened after the March 1910 Urga unrest largely joined by Buddhist monks. The Russian official concludes Jebtsundamba Khutukhtu was quite satisfied with the 13th Dalai Lama’s departure towards India, and reports that the border Mongolian population was supporting Togtokho’s rebel detachment from Inner Mongolia.

scholarly journals Everyday Life of German Prisoners of War in the Russian Empire during World War I (on the basis of personal documents)

2020 ◽  
pp. 67-75
Author(s):  
С.Р. Повалишникова ◽  
О.В. Захарова
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Prisoners Of War ◽  
Eastern Siberia ◽  
World War ◽  
Prisoner Of War ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Russian Research

Основной массив современных отечественных исследований направлен на изучение положения русских военнопленных в годы Первой мировой войны. В настоящей статье сделана попытка проанализировать бытовые условия содержания военнопленных, находившихся на территории Российской империи. Эти условия во многом зависели от звания и национальности пленных. В статье делается акцент на источники личного происхождения. Особое внимание уделяется воспоминаниям немецкого генерала Э. Людендорфа, немецкого журналиста А. Курта и находившегося в Восточной Сибири немецкого военнопленного Э. Двингера. The vast majority of modern Russian research is aimed at the investigation of the position of Russian prisoners of war during World War I. The present article attempts to analyze the conditions of everyday life of German prisoners of war who lived in the Russian Empire during World War I. The conditions largely depended on the rank and nationality of prisoners of war. The article analyzes personal documents. It focuses on memoirs written by E. Ludensdorff (German general), A. Kurt (German journalist), who lived in Eastern Siberia, and E. Dwinger (German prisoner of war).

Chinese emigration to Russia from the middle of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (01) ◽  
pp. 109-120
Author(s):  
Cheng Hong ◽  
Wang Xu
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Qing Empire ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Late Qing ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article examines the key problems of the history of Chinese emigration to Russia from the middle of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century. It is shown, that, for a number of reasons, the Russian Empire became one of the important channels of emigration from the late Qing Empire. The conclusion is substantiated, that, in the presence of political migrants, for example, from among the Dungan rebels, the main reason for attracting a large number of Chinese to Russia was purely economic, not political factors.

’Tis Eighty Years Since: Panteleimon Kulish's Gothic Ukraine

Slavic Review ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 390-409
Author(s):  
Valeria Sobol
Keyword(s):  
Dark Period ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Insight Into

This article explores the ideological implications of the Gothic mode in Panteleimon Kulish's first novel Mikhailo Charnyshenko, or Little Russia Eighty Years Ago (1843). I show that the multiple Gothic tropes employed in the novel—from Walter Scottian ruins and towers to exotic demonic villains, uncanny ethnic Others, and supernatural phantoms—produce an intricate play of temporalities, identities, and allegiances that ultimately create a highly ambivalent vision of the Ukrainian heroic past as both an object of Romantic nostalgia and a dark period of chaos overcome by the country's incorporation into the Russian empire. Rather than dismissing Kulish's engagement with the Gothic as a tribute to the fashionable western trend, I argue that this mode serves as a conduit to some of the work's most pressing ideological and historical concerns and ultimately yields a more nuanced insight into the author's complex position as a Ukrainian writer in the Russian empire.

scholarly journals THE FORMATION OF THE RUSSIAN BORDER IN THE UPPER OB-IRTYSH AREA IN APPRAISALS OF SCIENTISTS AND TRAVELERS OF THE XVIII CENTURY

2017 ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
D. S. Bobrov
Keyword(s):  
Direct Consequence ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
The State ◽  
Qing Empire ◽  
Xviii Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire

The article represents the experience of distinguishing and reconstruction of the views of scientists and travelers of the XVIII century on the formation of the Russian border in the Upper Ob-Irtysh area. The emergence of the historical and geographical images is considered as a direct consequence of the lack of delimited and demarcated border between the Russian Empire and the Dzungar Khanate, and then the Qing Empire. The source basis of the publication is composed by writings of significant for the history of region scientific figures: G. F. Miller, G. V. Gennin, I. P. Falk, P. S. Pallas. The study was methodologically grounded by the "close up" method. Research statements are analyzed in detail in the context of the scientists’ targets, attracted sources and circumstances of the implementation of the expeditions. The author identifies the ideologies with predominance of archetypal ideas, pays special attention to P. S. Pallas’s concept of "natural border" and his observations on the mode of functioning of the state borders, finally coming to the conclusion about fragmentariness, eclecticism and multivariatness of historical and geographical images of the Russian border.

Admiral Mordvinov: «Where the government itself distorts the good morals of the people, it cannot succeed in anything». Dissenting opinions

2021 ◽  
pp. 115-160
Author(s):  
Yu. Yakutin
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
The People ◽  
Imperial Academy ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Goals And Objectives

The article continues the series of publications devoted to the academicians-economists of the Russian Academy of Sciences, who actively worked with the Free Economic Society of Russia — the VEO of Russia. Telling about the life milestones and stages of state and public activity of a member of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, Admiral Nikolai Semyonovich Mordvinov, the article reveals the essence and meaning of the admiral's special opinions on key aspects of the socio-economic policy of the Russian Empire in the first half of the XIX century. N.S. Mordvinov's reflections on property, serfdom, industry, trade, and tariffs are summarized; about finance, banks, and insurance. The role of N.S. Mordvinov in the practical activities of the Imperial Free Economic Society of Russia is emphasized. N.S. Mordvinov's vision of the goals and objectives of the VEO as an important institution of Russian civil society is revealed.

scholarly journals The Image of Chinа as Interpreted by the Military Periodical Letopis’ voiny s Yaponiyey

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasily Frolov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
Qing Empire ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The Military ◽  
Far Eastern

This article analyses the distinctive features of the image of China (Qing Empire) on the pages of the periodical Letopis’ Voiny s Yaponiyey (Chronicle of War with Japan) by its reporters. The Far Eastern neighbour of Russia appears as a state that lacks strong authority within the country and is unable to fully carry out an independent foreign policy. The authors of the Letopis’ do not ignore that China is close to Japan culturally and religiously and consider it a possible adversary of the Russian Empire. However, they also believe that China is unable to become an active participant in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–1905 due to political pressure from the European powers and the US. The reporters of the Letopis’ pay special attention to the fact that as early as the beginning of last century, the Chinese were ready to “rise” and begin their struggle for independence, both from foreign powers and from the hated national elite of China, the Manchu Qing dynasty. In conclusion, the study argues that in the early twentieth century, the media, primarily newspapers and magazines, were given a special and important role in the Russian Empire in promoting the interests of the state and government. It was then that official and pro-governmental periodicals in Russia began, if necessary, to turn into a tool for forming the image of certain states (as an ally, enemy or neutral state) in the minds of the public in accordance with the will of the political elite.

scholarly journals The heuristic capabilities of the family epistolary texts in the Russian Sstate

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 182-188
Author(s):  
Ivan T. Shatokhin ◽  
Svetlana B. Shatokhina ◽  
Margarita L. Radchenko
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Source Analysis ◽  
Special Group ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
The Family ◽  
Anthropological Approach ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Epistolary Texts ◽  
High Ranking Official

The purpose of this article is to examine the composition of letter texts by Von Wall and his family as a potential source for the study of everyday family life by a high-ranking official of the Russian Empire in the last quarter of the nineteenth century - early twentieth century. The methodological basis of this study is the historical and anthropological approach and methods of source analysis according to sources of personal origin. This article presents the results of Von Wall. The study of the legacy of von Wall and his family focused on three Russian federal archives. The authors found several groups of correspondence from the closest circle of correspondence with Von Wall is a special group consisting of epistemological texts addressed to Von Wall, his siblings, his wife and children. Some of the features of the composition of these documents are due to various circumstances such as the establishment of interpersonal relationships in his family, how to maintain correspondence, saving drafts and copies of his correspondence by von Wahl.

scholarly journals The Decline of the Qing Empire: From Traditionalism to Constitutionalism (Based on Materials from the Russian Press)

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 72-73
Author(s):  
Yuliya Blagoder ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Popular Science ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
Modern China ◽  
Qing Empire ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Subjective Assessments ◽  
The Russian Empire

Introduction. The purpose of this study is to describe significant historical events that have transformed the foundations of Chinese statehood, and to emphasize the peculiarities of their reflection in the Russian periodicals. The article presents the characteristics of the Qing Empire’s last decade of existence. This topic is relevant in the study of both world and national history, since the monarchical system in Russia during this period was also experiencing a profound crisis. Methods and materials. Based on the principle of historicism, the dialectical method of scientific knowledge was applied. The systematic and comparative methods made it possible to combine and compare various publications within one research project. Publications of Russian magazines and newspapers of various ideological orientations, aimed at mass and elite readers, are used as a historical source. Among them are magazines “Vestnik of Asia” and “News of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs” for a professionally trained reader, as well as literary and political (“Northern Notes”, “Russian Thought”, “Vestnik of Europe”) and historical and literary (“Vestnik of Foreign Literature”) publications of a moderately liberal orientation. Such popular science (with a literary and literary-political trend) magazines as “Russian wealth”, “The whole world”, “Vestnik Znaniya”, “The world” propagandized the achievements of European civilization, including the positive results of reforms held in China on the European model, among the broad strata of the Russian population. The largest amount of information about reforms in China and calls to carry out or, on the contrary, prevent such transformations in Russia, is contained in newspapers of various ideological orientations, such as “Russian Banner”, “St. Petersburg Vedomosti”, “Speech”, “Pravda” and “Neva Star”. Analysis. The articles containing information on the reasons and content of the reform activities of the Qing dynasty were analyzed. The role of Russian periodicals in the formation of ideas of various social groups about the political, socio-economic changes taking place in China is shown. Political and socio-economic problems that have analogies in the Russian Empire are emphasized. Results. The idealization of the Chinese culture of the past centuries is now a thing of the past. In the pages of newspapers and magazines, the image of China was quickly transformed. Despite the irregular and haphazard flow of information and the borrowing of subjective assessments of authors from foreign publications, representatives of various Russian ideological trends fought among themselves, using subjects from the life of modern China as examples. China’s movement from traditionalism to constitutionalism was of the greatest interest to the Russian progressive public. Key words: Qing Empire, reforms in China, Xinhai Revolution, Russian Empire, image of China, Russian periodicals.

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