scholarly journals Phonological units for phonological change: synchrony shall provide them

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Dmitrii Zelenskii
Keyword(s):  
Phonological Change ◽  
Phonological Units

The question of what types of units and domains are needed in order to capture phonological change is a reasonable one to ask. To answer this question, however, we first need to properly define how we understand phonological change, and the definition that we adopt for that clearly depends on the phonological framework that is assumed. I consider several influential frameworks here and then come to the conclusion that the same condition holds for all of them: change can only be described in terms of the same units (and domains) as are used for synchronic description. This leads to the following conclusion: the set of units for phonological change is a subset of the set of units that are needed for synchronic phonological description. However, it is also unlikely that some units needed for synchronic description can be fully ignored for all descriptions of changes, which leads us to the conclusion that the set of units that are needed for phonological change is also a superset of that set. The sets are thus equal: the phonological units needed for synchronic description are the units needed to account for phonological change, and the question above is meaningless.

Cross-linguistic patterns of vowel intrusion

Phonology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Hall
Keyword(s):  
Linguistic Patterns ◽  
Articulatory Gesture ◽  
Phonological Units

Vowel sounds may be inserted into a word by two mechanisms: insertion of a vocalic articulatory gesture (epenthesis), or retiming of existing gestures to produce a vowel-like transition between consonants (intrusion). I argue that epenthetic vowels are phonological units but intrusive vowels are not. A representation using abstract gestures as well as segments can capture facts about the typology of vowel intrusion.

Constituent structure and government in phonology

Phonology ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Kaye ◽  
Jean Lowenstamm ◽  
Jean-Roger Vergnaud
Keyword(s):  
Unified Theory ◽  
Constituent Structure ◽  
Phonological Units

Our aim in this paper is to address certain empirical and conceptual issues in the theory of Universal Phonology. Specifically, we will formulate a number of proposals aimed at characterising the notion ‘possible syllable' and ‘possible word'. The principles we will lay out follow from what we see as a unified theory of phonological government.The introduction of the notion of multi-levelled representations, as well as the recognition of constituent structure organisation in phonology, has allowed for a shift from mainly segment-internal, paradigmatic considerations to the study of syntagmatic relations holding between phonological units. What is now required is nothing less than a syntax of phonological expressions.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KESALAHAN BERBAHASA DALAM PIDATO MAHASISWA MPBI-UMS [Analysis of Language Errors in MPBI-UMS Student Speech]

TOTOBUANG ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-196
Author(s):  
Wara Angreni ◽  
Atiqa Sabardila
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Distribution Method ◽  
Student Speech ◽  
Reading Technology ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Phonological Change ◽  
Phonological Errors ◽  
Matching Techniques

This study aims to describe the form of speech errors of the candidates for Regional Head of Kulon Progo Regency. The research method used is qualitative descriptions. The data source is the utterances of the student speech. The data collection techniques are listening and note-taking. The data analysis used referential matching techniques and articulatory phonetic equivalents, extension techniques in the distribution method and sign reading technology. The results of the study shows that there are language errors in the form of speech of the candidates for Regional Head of Kulon Progo Regency The five areas of error are (1) phonological errors including phonological change, phoneme formation and pronunciation, (2) morphological errors including prepositions, repetition, tone, and combination of meN- and -kan prefixes, (3) syntax errors including ambiguous sentences, redundant words, and unclear sentence types (4) sociolinguistic errors, including misuse of language coding in sentences, and (5) spelling errors in capital letters, and punctuation.  Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan bentuk kesalahan berbahasa pidato mahasiswa calon kepala daerah Kabupaten Kulon Progo. Metode penelitian menggunakan deskripsi kualitatif. Data penelitian berupa tuturan pidato mahasiswa. Teknik pengumpulan simak dan catat.  Analisis data menggunakan teknik padan referensial dan padan fonetis artikulatoris, teknik perluasan dalam metode agih dan teknologi membaca tanda. Hasil penelitian terjadi kesalahan bahasa pada bentuk tuturan pidato mahasiswa calon kepala daerah Kabupaten Kulon Progo memiliki lima wilayah kesalahan yaitu (1) kesalahan fonologi termasuk kesalahan perubahan fonem, kesalahan pembentukan dan pengucapan fonem, (2) kesalahan morfologi meliputi preposisi, penulisan ulang, bentuk nada, dan tulis kombinasi prefiks meN- dan -kan, (3) kesalahan sintaks termasuk kalimat yang ambigu, rancu, kata-kata yang berlebihan, jenis kalimat yang tidak jelas (4) kesalahan sosiolinguistik, termasuk penyalahgunaan campur kode bahasa dalam kalimat, dan (5) kesalahan ejaan dalam huruf kapital, dan tanda baca.

scholarly journals Diachronic Study of Phonological Changes in Tiv Language

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Terfa Aor ◽  
Torkuma Tyonande Damkor
Keyword(s):  
Research Design ◽  
Language Change ◽  
Historical Linguistics ◽  
Sound Change ◽  
Language Analysis ◽  
Sound Changes ◽  
Diachronic Study ◽  
Language Growth ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
Phonological Change

All levels of language analysis are prone to changes in their phonology, morphology, graphology, lexis, semantics and syntax over the years. Tiv language is not an exception to this claim. This study investigates various aspects of phonological or sound changes in Tiv language. This paper therefore classifies sound changes in Tiv; states causes of sound changes in Tiv and explores implications of sound changes. The research design used in this paper is purposive sampling of relevant data. The instrument used in this paper is the observation method in which the author selected words that showed epenthesis, deletion and substitution. It has been noted that the use of archaic spellings in the Modern Tiv literatures shows their ancientness. Phonological change is not a deviation but a sign of language growth and changes in spellings result in changes in sounds. The author recommends that scholars should write papers or critical works on lexical/morphological, syntactic, semantic, graphological changes in Tiv language. Students should write projects, dissertations and theses on language change and diachronic linguistics. This study introduces Tiv historical linguistics and diachronic phonology which serve as catalysts for the study of Tiv language. The understanding of Tiv sound change provides students with a much better understanding of Tiv phonological system in general, of how Tiv phonology works and how the phonemes fit together

scholarly journals FERNÁNDEZ GARAY, Ana; CENSABELLA, Marisa (eds.) (2009). Estudios fonológicos de continua dialectales: mapuche y wichí. Santa Rosa: Universidad Nacional de La Pampa, 224. Pp. 2

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
William Alfred Pickering
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Indigenous Languages ◽  
Research Institutions ◽  
Sociolinguistic Variation ◽  
Systematic Survey ◽  
The Past ◽  
Dialect Variation ◽  
Phonological Change

This book is a collection of articles dealing with the phonology and dialectology of Wichí (referred to in the past as Mataco) and Mapuzungun (also called Mapudungun or Mapuche), two unrelated Amerindian languages of South America. Published by the Universidad Nacional de La Pampa, it is the end result of a three-year project funded by the Argentine government, the purpose of which was to study dialect variation in these languages. All of the authors are specialists in the indigenous languages of Argentina, and all but one are teachers or researchers at Argentine universities or research institutions. Adopting the “dynamic synchrony” approach of the French functionalist school as a methodological-theoretical perspective, the book pretends to give an overall view of the dialectical continua of the Argentine varieties of the languages under study and at the same time to provide some understanding of sociolinguistic variation and ongoing phonological change in both languages. The four articles on Wichí and the single article on Mapuzungun found in this volume, while falling short of constituting a systematic survey, make significant steps toward achieving these difficult and important goals.

The child's lexical representation: the ‘puzzle-puddle-pickle’ evidence

1980 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlys A. Macken
Keyword(s):  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Lexical Representation ◽  
Surface Form ◽  
Phonological Development ◽  
Mapping System ◽  
Theory Of Language ◽  
Formal Properties ◽  
Phonological Change ◽  
Do So

Smith (1973) presents a detailed analysis of his son's phonological development between the ages of two and four.1 The book is impressive, not only for the care with which the analysis was done but also, and more importantly, for the clarity with which central acquisition issues were stated. The analysis of the child's productions was done in two ways: first as a mapping from the adult system and second as a self-contained system. In his introduction, Smith raises seven issues that any theory of language acquisition must address; one of these concerns the nature of phonological change. Smith states that when changes occur in the child's output, they do so in an ‘across-the-board’ fashion. On the basis of this (and other) evidence, Smith concludes that the child must have the adult surface form as his underlying lexical representation. The implication is clear: the child must thus perceive in an adult-like fashion and the deviance of his/her output is due to the articulatory difficulty of certain sounds and sound sequences (and in some cases to certain formal properties of his mapping system).

scholarly journals A long way from New York City: Socially stratified contact-induced phonological convergence in Ganluo Ersu (Sichuan, China)

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katia Chirkova ◽  
James N. Stanford ◽  
Dehe Wang
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
York City ◽  
Minority Communities ◽  
Field Recordings ◽  
Endangered Language ◽  
World Languages ◽  
The Social ◽  
Phonological Change

AbstractLabov's classic study,The Social Stratification of English in New York City(1966), paved the way for generations of researchers to examine sociolinguistic patterns in many different communities (Bell, Sharma, & Britain, 2016). This research paradigm has traditionally tended to focus on Western industrialized communities and large world languages and dialects, leaving many unanswered questions about lesser-studied indigenous minority communities. In this study, we examine whether Labovian models for age, sex, and social stratification (Labov, 1966, 2001; Trudgill, 1972, 1974) may be effectively applied to a small, endangered Tibeto-Burman language in southwestern China: Ganluo Ersu. Using new field recordings with 97 speakers, we find evidence of phonological change in progress as Ganluo Ersu consonants are converging toward Chinese phonology. The results suggest that when an endangered language undergoes convergence toward a majority language due to intense contact, this convergence is manifested in a socially stratified way that is consistent with many of the predictions of the classic Labovian sociolinguistic principles.

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