scholarly journals The Coronavirus Disease Pandemic: Assessment of Perceived Barriers and Threats among Undergraduate University Students in Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-163
Author(s):  
Awad Mohammed Al-Qahtani ◽  
Wafaa T. Elgzar ◽  
Heba A. Ibrahim ◽  
Nahid K. Elfeki ◽  
Ibrahim Ahmed Shaikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
University Students ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Moderate Level ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Government ◽  
High Level

Communities play an important and active role in preventing and controlling the spread of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Reduction of COVID-19-related barriers and threats perceived by the public should be the top priority in promoting positive preventive behaviors among people. This cross-sectional study aimed at identifying the barriers and threats perceived by public university students in the southwestern part of Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 pandemic. The students were recruited through a snowball sampling technique, and data were collected using a web-based questionnaire. Data on socio-demographic aspects, perceived barriers, and perceived threats were collected. Perceived barriers were estimated using the Health Belief Model (HBM) questionnaire, and perceived threats were estimated using the patient threat perceptions in the emergency department scale. This study was conducted between March and June 2020. Approximately 50% of the study participants had a high level of perceived barriers and a moderate level of total perceived threats. Notable factors associated with participants’ perceived barriers and threats were age, college type, and monthly income. Perceived barriers, participants’ residence location, and sex were also significantly related to each other. Moreover, perceived barriers were significantly correlated with perceived threats. COVID-19-related perceived barriers and threats ranged from a moderate level to a high level among most of the participating students. Perceived barriers were associated with some of the demographic variables. The findings from this study may help the government in formulating strategies for planning interventions to reduce COVID-19 pandemic propagation.

Level of anxiety and depression among undergraduate dental students of University of Hail, Saudi Arabia

Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Nabila Anwar ◽  
Freah Alshammary ◽  
Ammar Ahmed Siddiqui ◽  
Rana Homoud Alenzi ◽  
Bashayer Hamd Alshmmari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Moderate Level ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
High Level

BACKGROUND: Dental students have been identified as having a high level of stress. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of anxiety and depression among undergraduate dental students of university of Hail and to determine the association of anxiety and depression in terms of gender and respective year of study. METHODS: This was an observational cross-sectional study. Nonprobability sampling technique was used to assess the prevalence and association of anxiety and depression among male and female dental students of preclinical and clinical years of College of Dentistry, University of Hail, Saudi Arabia. Students were contacted personally, explained the purpose of the study and asked to participate in the study. Students were asked to complete both Beck’s depression inventory and Beck’s anxiety inventory to assess the level of their respective status. RESULTS: The results of the survey revealed that a greater number of females suffered from ‘moderate’ level of anxiety (12.3%) as compared to males (3.2%). Additionally, the percentage for females to experience ‘borderline’ (11.6%) and ‘moderate’ (9.7%) level of depression was higher than their male counterparts –‘borderline’ (7.7%) and ‘moderate’ (2.6%). The level of anxiety and depression compared with genders was found to be statistically significant. It was noted that final year students (8.4%) experienced ‘moderate’ level of anxiety and there was a peak rise in level of depression among 4th year (6.5%) and 6th year (5.8%) students as compared with other years. CONCLUSION: The finding of the study emphasizes that the overall percentage of level of depression is comparatively higher than level of anxiety among dental students.

scholarly journals Pengetahuan dan Motivasi Kepatuhan Protokol Kesehatan Covid-19 : Survei Online pada Mahasiswa Jawa Timur

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-80
Author(s):  
Salma Nur Helmina ◽  
Hasna Linawati ◽  
Hoirun Nisa
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Government ◽  
Quota Sampling ◽  
High Level ◽  
And Control

The government has made various efforts to prevent and control COVID-19, such as enforcing the law concerning the COVID-19 Health Protocols. However, violations of health protocols still frequently occur in various circles, including university students. Therefore, this study aims to determine the factors that influence university students’ compliance with the COVID-19 health protocols. This study used a cross-sectional study design with a quota sampling technique and was conducted in October 2020. The participants were 468 university students in East Java. The number of participants who complied with the COVID-19 health protocols was 61.3%, while those who did not comply were still quite high (38.7%). The factors that were significantly related to compliance with the COVID-19 health protocols were knowledge, motivation, and health problems, while lifestyle changes were not significantly related to compliance with the COVID-19 health protocols. Participants with high level of knowledge (AOR 5.54 95% CI: 2.68-11.49), good motivation (AOR 2.15 95% CI: 1.43-3.22), and health problems (AOR 1.19 95% CI: 0.52-2.73) are more likely to comply with the COVID-19 health protocols. Thus,concerted efforts are needed to increase knowledge and motivation so that compliance with the COVID-19 health protocol significantly increases. Keywords: Knowledge, Motivation, Health Problems, Compliance Abstrak Pemerintah telah melakukan berbagai upaya pencegahan dan penanggulangan COVID-19 seperti penegakan hukum dengan Protokol Kesehatan COVID-19. Namun, pelanggaran terhadap protokol kesehatan masih sering terjadi di berbagai kalangan termasuk mahasiswa. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor yang mempengaruhi kepatuhan protokol kesehatan COVID-19 pada mahasiswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi potong-lintang dengan teknik quota sampling dan dilakukan pada bulan Oktober 2020. Partisipan pada penelitian ini sebanyak 468 mahasiswa di Jawa Timur. Partisipan mahasiswa yang patuh terhadap protokol kesehatan COVID-19 sebesar 61,3%, sedangkan yang tidak patuh masih cukup tinggi (38,7%). Faktor yang berhubungan signifikan dengan kepatuhan protokol kesehatan COVID-19 adalah pengetahuan, motivasi, dan masalah kesehatan sedangkan perubahan gaya hidup tidak berhubungan signifikan dengan kepatuhan protokol kesehatan COVID-19. Partisipan dengan pengetahuan yang tinggi (AOR 5,54 95% CI: 2,68-11,49), motivasi baik (AOR 2,15 95% CI:1,43-3,22), dan memiliki masalah kesehatan (AOR 1,19 95% CI: 0,52-2,73) cenderung lebih patuh untuk terhadap protokol kesehatan COVID-19. Dengan demikian, diperlukan upaya yang terencana untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan motivasi supaya kepatuhan terhadap protokol kesehatan COVID-19 meningkat secara signifikan. Kata kunci: Pengetahuan, Motivasi, Masalah Kesehatan, Kepatuhan

scholarly journals Sunscreen Use among a Population of Saudi University Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Mohammed I. AlJasser ◽  
Abdullah Aljumah ◽  
Mohannad Alzaydi ◽  
Abdullah Alassaf ◽  
Suliman Alassafi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
University Students ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Sun Protection ◽  
Protection Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sunscreen Use

Introduction. Sunscreen is an important method of sun protection. Many studies were conducted worldwide on the use of sunscreen but only few done in Saudi Arabia. The aim of our study is to assess the prevalence, practices, and factors associated with sunscreen use among Saudi university students. Materials and Methods. A cross-sectional study was performed at King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A questionnaire on the use of sunscreen was created in English. Quota sampling technique was used since the sample was divided according to gender and college year. Results. A total of 1,011 students were enrolled. Approximately half were males (n = 510). Half of the students used sunscreen (n = 515, 51%). Female gender, high family income, previous history of sunburn, tanning bed use, and use of other sun protection methods were factors independently associated with sunscreen use. The main reasons for using sunscreen were prevention of sunburns, dark spots, skin cancer, and overall skin darkening. Eighty percent of participants used other methods of sun protection. Sunscreen with a sun protection factor (SPF) > 30 was used in 59% of students. However, the majority did not know if the sunscreen they use provided broad-spectrum coverage or not. Only 35% of students apply sunscreen in both sunny and cloudy days. Most students apply sunscreen less than 10 minutes before going out and do not repeat the application throughout the day. More than 90% of students seem to apply insufficient amount of sunscreen. Conclusion. Almost half of the population in the study use sunscreen. We have identified several areas of improper use of sunscreen. Increasing the awareness of effective sunscreen use in our community might be needed.

scholarly journals STIGMA TERHADAP ORANG DENGAN GANGGUAN JIWA (ODGJ) PADA MAHASISWA PROGRAM STUDI ILMU KEPERAWATAN STIKES JENDERAL ACHMAD YANI YOGYAKARTA

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-132
Author(s):  
Dewi Retno Pamungkas ◽  
One May Linawati ◽  
Puji Sutarjo
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Nursing Student ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Moderate Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Level ◽  
Education Nursing

Background: Stigma is a negative view of individuals that would have influences on how they feel about, and act upon others. Stigma towards people with mental health problems will negatively affect their recovery process. At a stage of their education, nursing students will meet with people with mental disorders. It is important to analyze their view towards people with mental disorders. Objective: This research aimed to gain an overview on nursing students’ stigma towards people with mental disorders at Stikes Jenderal Achmad Yani Yogyakarta. Methods: This study was descriptive quantitative with a cross sectional method and proportionate random sampling technique, involving 81 respondents. Data were obtained through a questionnaire.  Students’ stigma was viewed from several aspects including education, gender, age and ethnicity. Stigma was assessed in three categories; low, moderate and high level of stigma. Result: Result showed that within the categories, the highest prevalence was in the moderate level of stigma (96.3% or 78 people), high level of stigma accounted for 3.7% (3 people), and there was not respondent with low level of stigma. Conclusion: The majority of nursing students at Stikes Jenderal Achmad Yani Yogyakarta had moderate level of stigma. Keywords: Stigma, mental disorder, nursing student

scholarly journals Public Knowledge, Attitude, and Perception towards COVID-19 Vaccination in Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 10081
Author(s):  
Salman Mohammed Al-Zalfawi ◽  
Syed Imam Rabbani ◽  
Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin Asdaq ◽  
Abdulhakeem S. Alamri ◽  
Walaa F. Alsanie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Saudi Population ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Arabic And English

Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is a highly contagious infection that mainly affects the respiratory system of patients. To date, more than 10 million people have been affected by this virus, and Saudi Arabia has also reported over 210 million cases. At present, there is no established treatment for COVID-19. Vaccination is one of the ways to defeat the pandemic. Recent reports have indicated rare but serious adverse events after vaccination, causing an anxious response from the general public worldwide. Therefore, this study was aimed at evaluating the knowledge, attitude, and perception of the COVID-19 vaccine among the Saudi population. This study is a cross-sectional, web-based online survey conducted using a snowball sampling technique. A self-administered questionnaire prepared in Arabic and English was used to collect feedback from the general population on their knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions about the COVID-19 vaccine. Participants (n = 2022) from different regions of the country replied to the questions. The responses to the questions were recorded on a spreadsheet and analyzed using the SPSS software. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and non-parametric tests to draw conclusions about the results. Multivariate stepwise regression analysis was performed to determine the association between the knowledge, attitude, and perception scores and the demographic variables. p < 0.05 was used to indicate the significance of the data. The data from the study indicated that most of the participants were males (81%), between 18 and 59 years of age (85.9%), Saudi nationals (98.3%), and possessed graduation or above as a qualification (62.9%). The results suggest that a major portion of respondents have satisfactory knowledge (76%), a positive attitude (72.4%), and perception (71.3%) towards the use of COVID-19 vaccines. Their responses can be categorized as between ‘good’ and ‘fair’. However, 30–40% of respondents lacked information about COVID-19 vaccination availability for under 18-year-olds as well as for pregnant women, in addition to the lack of knowledge about the serious unreported adverse reactions and long-term protection offered by the vaccine against coronavirus. The correlation analysis between the variables (p > 0.05) indicated that the response to the KAP domains has no direct relationship. The survey results suggest that most of the Saudi population has sound knowledge and a positive attitude and perception. Since the COVID-19 vaccines have been approved for use in pregnancy and above 12-year-old children by health authorities, the lack of information shown by a significant percentage of participants requires strategies to update this information. Awareness programs targeting all sections of the population must be continued to provide all the updates, including vaccinations for pregnant women and children.

1424Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices towards COVID-19: An Epidemiological Survey in Mumbai, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sneha Pratap Kotian ◽  
Prasad Waingankar ◽  
Ashlesha Tawde
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
The Government

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has become a serious public health concern around the world, with countries taking significant preventive and control measures to halt the spread of this deadly virus. The knowledge, attitude & practices (KAP) of the general population play a major role in the containment measures adopted by the country. The current study was conducted to assess the KAP of the population of Mumbai towards COVID-19 pandemic. Methods The study was a web-based, cross sectional survey. A Snowball sampling technique was used. The digital forms were made available in local languages. A 25-item survey instrument was developed according to the guidelines issued by the Government to test the KAP of the population about COVID-19. Cronbach’s alpha was used to measure the internal consistency of the questionnaire. Chi-square test or Fischer exact test was used to compare categorical data and multiple linear regression was used to identify factors influencing KAP. Results A total of 1360 responses were included in the study. The overall knowledge, attitude and practice score was 83.7%, 77.33% and 63.8% respectively. About 14.85% did not know about the asymptomatic spread of COVID-19. Conclusion The assessment of COVID-19 related KAP among the public could be instrumental in providing better insights to the policy makers to deliver tailored health intervention programmes. Key messages The findings of this study can serve as a guide to future efforts aimed at public readiness to adhere to control measures to address such emergency crises.

scholarly journals Stress, adversity quotient, and health behaviors of undergraduate students in a Thai university during COVID-19 outbreak

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bovornpot Choompunuch ◽  
Wanich Suksatan ◽  
Jiraporn Sonsroem ◽  
Siripong Kutawan ◽  
Atittiya In-udom
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
National Development ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
High Level ◽  
Thai University

Background: University students are an essential human resource for national development. Thus, it is important to study the stress, adversity quotient, and health behaviors of these students during the COVID-19 pandemic.Objective: This study aimed to identify stress, adversity quotient, and health behaviors and examine the relationship between these factors in undergraduate students during the COVID-19 outbreak.Methods: The current study was a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design. A total of 416 undergraduate students in a Thai university were selected using a convenience sampling technique. A questionnaire was used to collect the data on stress, adversity quotient, and health behaviors of undergraduate students during the COVID-19 outbreak. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient.Results: This study indicated that stress was at a high level (3.54 ± .53; Mean ± SD), adversity quotient was at a high level (3.77 ± .63; Mean ± SD), and health behaviors were at a moderate level (3.06 ± .53; Mean ± SD). The current study also found that stress and adversity quotient were irrelevant. Stress and health behaviors were negatively correlated with a level of significance of .01 (r = -.31), and adversity quotient and health behaviors were positively correlated with a level of significance of .01 (r = .051).Conclusion: It is suggested that healthcare providers, families, and professors should consider stress and adversity quotient in developing interventions to promote healthy behaviors in terms of physical and psychological factors in university students.

PERCEIVED EFFECTS OF STREET HAWKING ON THE WELL-BEING OF CHILDREN IN ANYIGBA, DEKINA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KOGI STATE, NIGERIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-07
Author(s):  
Alfred Eboh
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perceived Effects ◽  
The Government

Background: The hawking of wares by children has been a serious issue confronting the Nigerian society. Children hawk in some of the most horrible conditions conceivable, where they face a serious risk of injury, chronic illness, kidnapping, rape or death. Objective: The focus of this study was to assess the perceived effects of street hawking on the well-being of children in Anyigba, Dekina Local Government Area of Kogi State. Methods: The population of this study consists of parents of the street hawkers in Anyigba while cross-sectional survey design was used through the purposive sampling technique to choose the sample size of one hundred and sixty-two (162) respondents. The validated structured questionnaire and In-Depth Interviews (IDIs) served as the instruments for the data collection respectively. The hypotheses were tested using Chi-Square at a predetermined 0.05 level of significance. The quantitative data were analysed with the aid of the SPSS (version 20). Results: The results indicated among others that street hawking had significant social implications and physical consequences on children's moral behaviour as well as health status in the study area. Conclusion: The study, therefore, concluded that the government of Kogi State should carry out an enlightenment campaign through the media and religious institutions on the negative consequences of street hawking are recommended as panacea. Also, the child right act instrument and its implementation should be strengthened in order to curb street hawking in the study area.

An Exploratory Study of Trade Union Pluralism in Ghana

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth E. Parku ◽  
Yvonne Ayerki Lamptey
Keyword(s):  
Trade Union ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Freedom Of Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Trade Union Movement ◽  
Union Movement ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
Enterprise Level ◽  
The Government ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

The practice of trade union pluralism at an enterprise level is seen as problematic for both the management of enterprises and the trade union movement. The problems arise from inter-union rivalries, competition and disputes over demarcations of privileges and rights. This article explores the practice of trade union pluralism at the enterprise level in Ghana with the aim of creating awareness of the effect of the practice on the general trade union movement. This qualitative study employed a cross-sectional design and used purposive and snowball sampling methods in selecting the participants. The data was analysed thematically. The findings from the study show that union pluralism is stimulating the decline in general union membership, the breakaway of local unions from the federations, and employers’ classification of workers based on their qualifications once they are employed by organisations, and their assignment to specific unions (automatic membership at enterprise level). It is suggested that employment laws encourage union breakaways, which weakens the unions especially at the enterprise level. It is recommended that the state, labour officials and policy-makers should enforce labour laws, especially regarding freedom of association, and consider revisiting or amending some labour laws to curb their abuse. The government and labour institutions need to work together to operationalise the implementation of legal provisions on freedom of association or consider amending the provisions to curb the existing abuse.

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