scholarly journals A research into sorption properties of peat briquettes used to remove ions of cadmium, lead and copper from wastewaters

Vestnik MGSU ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1534-1545
Author(s):  
Barys N. Zhytsianiou ◽  
Anatoli D. Hurynovich ◽  
Darya D. Sianchuk
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Interaction ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Equilibrium Concentration ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Sorption Properties ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Peat Deposits ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Cadmium Lead

Introduction. At present, the following areas are the subject of intensive research: methods for removing such toxic metals as cadmium, lead, copper, etc. from wastewaters, namely, using new composite sorbents for this purpose; improvement of ion exchange treatment and, for example, sedimentation of sulphides or oxalates; wood ash sorption; biosorption onto plants. It is a future-oriented trend to use peat as a sorbent in a wastewater treatment technology. Extensive peat deposits in the Republic of Belarus can contribute to production of cheap, environmentally friendly sorbents made of modified peat briquettes. The mission of this work is to study the sorption properties of peat briquettes used to remove cadmium, lead and copper ions from wastewater. Materials and methods. Physicochemical, technological, mathematical methods are employed. Results. The co-authors studied the kinetics of cadmium Cd+2, lead Pb+2, and copper Cu+2 ions sorption onto peat briquettes. They identified that the bigger the grain of peat briquettes, the less efficient the sorption. The sorption process is intensive: it takes cadmium Cd+2, lead Pb+2, and copper Cu+2 ions five minutes to get extracted from the solution; extraction efficiency reaches 91.11; 96.96 and 88.39 %, respectively. 20 minutes is enough to reach degree of equilibrium F = 0.98 for cadmium Cd+2 and lead Pb+2 and F = 0.96 for copper Cu+2. F is equal to 0.99 for all ions in 40 minutes. The multiplicity of extraction, or the ratio of initial concentration to equilibrium concentration reaches 114 for cadmium ions Cd+2, 162 for lead ions Pb+2, and 93 for copper ions Cu+2. In case of saturation, sorption capacity reaches the following values: Сd+2 — 0,0778 mmol/g (8.75 mg/g), Pb+2 — 0.8205 mmol/g (170.00 mg/g), Cu+2 — 2.707 mmol/g (172 mg/g). The co-authors used equations of diffusion and chemical kinetics to establish that the sorption process proceeds in the diffusion mode, and the stage of chemical interaction of metal ions with functional groups of peat contributes to the overall velocity of the process. Conclusions. Peat briquettes represent an effective sorbent used to remove cadmium Cd+2, lead Pb+2, and copper Cu+2 ions from wastewater. The sorption process is almost over in 20 minutes.

scholarly journals Purification of urbanized melt water with plant sorbents

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-117
Author(s):  
A. A. Voronov ◽  
S. V. Maksimova ◽  
E. Yu. Osipova
Keyword(s):  
Water Purification ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Local Treatment ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Sorption Properties ◽  
Natural Material ◽  
Wood Residue ◽  
Melt Water ◽  
Static Conditions

The article deals with the problem of purification of melt water generated by the urbanized territories. It is proposed to use wood residue from sawing of plantings to obtain relatively inexpensive sorption material for the contamination extraction from surface wastewater. The aim of this work is to study the sorption properties of the material obtained by sawing of plantings. Experimental modeling of sorption of dissolved petroleum products and copper ions from an aqueous solution of milled branches of black poplar is carried out under static conditions. The sorption process is studied in accordance with a three-factor design experiment. Laboratory modeling determines the optimum parameters of water purification and the degree of mutual influence of contaminants on the sorption process. Natural material obtained from the poplar components shows the sorption properties in relation to oil products and copper ions in the water environment. The filters made of milled branches and used in local treatment plants will allow solving the problems of municipal services, namely utilization of wood residue from sawing of plantings and effective melt water purification due to the low-cost filtering materials.

scholarly journals The Methodology of Assessing the Criminogenity of Administrative Territorial Units

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-366
Author(s):  
Ainagul Karipova ◽  
Kuanysh Baltabaev ◽  
Yerbol Omarov ◽  
Talgat Makhanov
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Statistical Information ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
Spectral Scale ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Legal Statistics

The authors study the issues of applying mathematical methods to the assessment of the criminogenic levels in administrative-territorial units of the Republic of Kazakhstan. They have analyzed a considerable volume of statistical information for the past 20 years and, as a result, have identified the highest and the lowest number of registered crimes. Several indices were used to develop an index of criminogenity (ranging) of regions: crime level, graveness of crimes, size of population in a certain area. They recommend to define the public danger of crimes as a numerical value expressed in abstract units - points - based on the average sanctions, an average punishment imposed by a court and an average rating assigned by experts (researchers, practical specialists). The authors have studied modern Kazakh and foreign publications on the use of mathematical methods in criminology. The results of assessment according to three methods of ranging - legislative (legal), court, and expert - are presented in the tables. There is a correlation between legislative (legal) and court assessments. Calculations were used to determine the criminal status of some territorial units, which makes it possible to compare the number of crimes and the degree of their public danger for the population in the over-16 age group. In order to analyze the administrative-territorial units of the same type, the cities have been grouped according to the size of population. The presented methodology is reflected in the spectral scale on the «Map of Criminal Infringements» of the Committee for Legal Statistics and Special Records of the Prosecutor Generals Office for the Republic of Kazakhstan; it takes into account the distribution of cities into four groups which, in the end, will make it possible to obtain a maximally objective assessment of the criminal situation and to take preventive measures.

Methodological Foundation and Assessment of Artesian Water Treatment Technology in the Republic of the Union Of Myanmar

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
Maung Lin Maung ◽  
Htet Aung ◽  
Saw Thurain ◽  
D.V. Parusov ◽  
G.G. Kagramanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potable Water ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Underground Waters ◽  
Methodological Foundation ◽  
Technical And Economic Analysis ◽  
Drinking Water Production ◽  
The Republic ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Iron And Manganese

The analysis of the compositions of artesian waters from the Republic of the Union of Myanmar as a source of potable water production is carried out. The underground waters are characterized by high degree of hardness and content of iron and manganese. Total dissolved solids (TDS) concentration corresponding thus to the class of brackish water. Three potential approaches to the development of drinking water production technology are proposed. Technical and economic analysis of the specific operating costs for potable water from artesian resources of Republic of the Union of Myanmar was carried out and the optimal technological schemes of treatment plants were determined.

Application of dimensional analysis in removal prediction of 2-[4-(dimethylamino) styryl]-1-methylpyridinium iodide dye using humic acid coated magnetic nanoparticle

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anahita Esmaeilian ◽  
Kevin E. O'Shea
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Dimensional Analysis ◽  
Concentration Ratio ◽  
Magnetic Nanoparticle ◽  
Equilibrium Concentration ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Dose Ratio ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Liquid Systems ◽  
Isotherm Equations

<p>Numerous factors affect adsorption phenomena in solid–liquid systems. Critical factors are the sorbent dose and initial concentrations of the contaminants in the system. However, the combination of these two factors and their effects on removal prediction are largely unexplored. In this study, batch experiments were conducted to examine such effects on the adsorption of 2-[4-(dimethylamino) styryl]-1-methylpyridinium iodide cationic dye (2-ASP) in contaminated water to humic acid coated magnetic nanoparticles (HA-MNPs). Dimensional analysis and Buckingham’s π theorem were subsequently used to assess the relationship between the sorbent dose, initial concentration, and percent removal. Results of dimensional analysis along with experimental data suggest that sorbent dose and sorbate concentration ratio are the main variables controlling sorption of dye on HA-MNPs. In conventional isothermal studies, the isotherm equations are developed based on experiments of one sorbent dose which cannot be generalized for all sorbent doses.  In this study, a power function (Isotherm-like) model was obtained from the dimensional analysis that can describe precisely the sorption process of dye on HA-MNPs as a function of equilibrium concentration and sorbent dose ratio. Moreover, a relation is deduced for prediction of removal percent as a function of sorbent dose and initial concentration ratio with R<sup>2</sup> of 0.98.</p><p><strong>Keywords: Remediation, Dimensional analysis, Isotherm-like model, Magnetic nanoparticle, Styryl pyridinium dyes, Water treatment</strong></p>

Hydroxyapatite modified with silica used for sorption of copper(II)

2009 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erzsébet-Sára Bogya ◽  
Réka Barabás ◽  
Alexandra Csavdári ◽  
Valentina Dejeu ◽  
Ioan Bâldea
Keyword(s):  
Copper Ions ◽  
Copper Ion ◽  
Reaction Medium ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Silica Content ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Structural Modifications ◽  
Preparation Phase

AbstractThis paper aims to increase the sorption capacity of hydroxyapatite and to find the best apatite-based material for metal ions sorption. The sorption process of copper ions from water solutions by HAP and structurally modified HAP was carried out in this work. Structural modifications of HAP were realized in the preparation phase by an addition of sodium silica into the reaction medium. The prepared materials were characterized by physical-chemical methods: IR, electron-microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The composites characterized were tested in kinetic studies regarding ion exchange and adsorption of Cu2+. It was revealed that the silica content, particle size and initial copper ion concentration influence the process rate.

THE STUDY ON NOVEL MICROELECTRODE ARRAY CHIPS FOR THE DETECTION OF HEAVY METALS IN WATER POLLUTION

2012 ◽  
Vol 05 (01) ◽  
pp. 1150002 ◽  
Author(s):  
HUI-XIN ZHAO ◽  
WEI CAI ◽  
DA HA ◽  
HAO WAN ◽  
PING WANG
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Microelectrode Array ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Anodic Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Aqueous Environment ◽  
Mercury Film ◽  
Voltammetric Detection ◽  
Cadmium Lead

Qualitative and quantitative analysis of trace heavy metals in aqueous environment are rapidly assuming significance along with the rapid development of industry. In this paper, gold microelectrode array (MEA) plated with mercury film was used for simultaneous voltammetric detection of zinc, cadmium, lead and copper ions in water. The electrochemical behavior and the actual surface area of the MEA were investigated by cyclic voltammetry in K3[Fe(CN)6] . Electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS) was utilized to examine the deposition of mercury on the electrode surface. Based on anodic stripping voltammetry, mercury film– Au MEA was applied to the detection of heavy metals in artificial analyte, where good calibrate linearity was obtained for cadmium, lead and copper ions, but with zinc exhibiting poor linearity.

The Adsorption of Copper Ions by Sodium Alginate Immobilized Bacillus Subtilis Body and Purify Copper of Mine Wastewater

2011 ◽  
Vol 356-360 ◽  
pp. 1469-1474
Author(s):  
Jun Jing Guo ◽  
Wen Bin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Mine Wastewater ◽  
Bacillus Subtilus

In this study, calcium alginate immobilized bacillus subtilis body was used as an adsorbent for the aim of adsorpting Cu(Ⅱ) ions form the aqueous solutions, On sutiable condition, this study use purely bacteria eliminate other bacteria come in life-form bacteria .Through the orthogonal experiment obtains the optimum condition of sodium alginate fossilization bacillus subtilus pellet to the Cu(Ⅱ) adsorption, The biosorption efficiency was strongly influenced by the pH and the initial concentration ofthe Cu(Ⅱ) aqueous solutions. We also discusses the influence of single factor to the sodium alginate fossilization bacillus subtilus pellet to the Cu(Ⅱ) adsorption ,which included pH, contact time, temperature, initial metal ion concentrations and ionic strength in the adsorption process. The adsorption of the adsorbent on Cu(Ⅱ) is related to its concentration . From the research,we know the maximum adsorption rate to the Cu(Ⅱ) is about 83.2%. Using different model to analyse data. The sorption process follows pseudo-second-order kinetics very well,and the correlation coefficients R all reached to 0.9, and the rate constant of this kinetics model for the adsorption processes, k2, increased with the increasing temperatures. The isothermal data could be well described by the Langmuir adsorption isothermal equations．The experimental results showed that heavy metals could be eficciently accumulated by the immobilized bacteria.

Adsorption of CuCl2 on Mg-Al HTlc: Effect of EDTA and Addition Sequences

2012 ◽  
Vol 573-574 ◽  
pp. 150-154
Author(s):  
Yun Bo Zang ◽  
Nai Ying Wu
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Langmuir Model ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

In this study, removal of copper ions from aqueous solutions by synthetic Mg-Al-HTlc was investigated as a function of contact time, EDTA and addition sequences at room temperature. It is found that HTlc could reduced copper ions concentration effectively. The kinetics closely fit pseudo-second order kinetics with necessary time 9 h to reach equilibrium. The sorption process followed langmuir model. The maximum sorption capacity calculated was found to be 39.4 mg/g. The presence of EDTA and addition sequences could affect sorption of Cu(II) onto HTlc.

scholarly journals Economic assessment and forecast models for the development of the agri-food sector of the Republic of Belarus

VUZF Review ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
Bartosz Mickiewicz ◽  
Antonina Efimenko
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Electronic Media ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
Forecast Models ◽  
The Republic ◽  
National Programs

Dialectical method of obtaining knowledge is the general methodological basis of economics and organization, like other sciences, which considers all phenomena in development and interrelated to each other. Guided by this provision, development in the economy of the agri-food sector is studied not on an individual basis, but integrally and in conjunction with the economy and primarily with industry. The use of this method excludes a one-sided approach to the analysis of economic phenomena occurring in the agri-food sector, the maximum economic effect is ensured on the basis of the integral use of factors and conditions of agro-industry. The scientific study is based on the materials (proceedings) of foreign and domestic authors, data from the National Statistical Committee of the Republic of Belarus, the content of national programs for the development of the agro-industrial complex of the Republic of Belarus, as well as materials posted on official electronic media. The methods of systemic and comparative analysis, EMM (economic and mathematical methods) were used in the course of the study.

scholarly journals Surface Complexation of Chromium(VI) on Iron(III) Hydroxide: Mechanisms and Stability Constants of Surfaces Complexes

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 679
Author(s):  
Mhamed Hmamou ◽  
Fatima Ezzahra Maarouf ◽  
Bouchaib Ammary ◽  
Abdelkebir Bellaouchou
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Nature ◽  
Chemical Interaction ◽  
Surface Complexation ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Surface Complexes ◽  
Specific Chemical ◽  
Chromium Vi ◽  
Liquid Phases ◽  
Ph Range

The adsorption of chromate ions H2-yA (y = 1, 2, and A = CrO42–) on iron(III) hydroxide was conducted as a function of adsorbent mass, solution pH, and hydration time. The surface complexation technique, based on the examination of the chromate distribution between the solid and liquid phases, was adopted to predict the adsorption mechanism. To specify stoichiometry of the chromate surface complexes, the proton (n > 0), and hydroxyl (n < 0) ion-exchange was evaluated at a pH range of 2–12. The obtained “n” values are ranging between -1 and 1. As a result, the sorption process involved specific chemical interaction with surface sites, resulting in 1H+ and 1OH– release of the adsorbate molecule. The surface species identified were ; ; ; ; ; ; ;  and . The logarithmic values of their complexing constants were: log K00 = 1.81 ± 0.04; log K11 = -3.53 ± 0.07; log K21 = -1.03 ± 0.23, log K1-1 = 7.15 ± 0.14 and log K2-1 = 9.62 ± 0.53. The results showed that the chromate adsorption on Fe(III) hydroxide was of electrostatic and chemical nature at pH lower than 5.5, and only of chemical nature at pH superior to 5.5. Taking into account these considerations, Fe(III) hydroxide could be considered an excellent sorbent for the removal of Cr(VI) from wastewater solutions.

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