scholarly journals Gateway Literacy Retention Policies: Perspectives and Implications from the Field

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Barrett-Tatum ◽  
Kristen Ashworth ◽  
David Scales
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Training ◽  
Support System ◽  
Grade Retention ◽  
State Policies ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
The Other ◽  
Literacy Intervention ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Retention Policies ◽  
Over Time

South Carolina’s Read to Succeed Law (RTS) is different than the other 15 states’ literacy-based third grade retention laws. It mandates literacy intervention training for in-service and pre-service teachers. Research indicates academic gains from retention are short-lived, diminishing over time and increasing drop-out rates. Through a statewide survey, this study identifies educators’ perceptions and knowledge of retention and the RTS policy, and examines the relationship between knowledge and perceptions. Educators were not familiar with retention research or RTS specifics, but favored retention. Implications include the need for more teacher training regarding new state policies and the efficacy of their foundations. This study provides evidence that policymakers should consider the means of implementation and shoulder accountability for a structured and equitable support system.

Emotional Impact Feedback Changes How We Remember Negative Autobiographical Experiences

2010 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 354-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie K. T. Takarangi ◽  
Deryn Strange
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
The Other ◽  
Personal Perspective ◽  
Emotional Impact ◽  
Potential Mechanism ◽  
Negative Experiences ◽  
Negative Memory ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Negative Memories ◽  
Over Time

When people are told that their negative memories are worse than other people’s, do they later remember those events differently? We asked participants to recall a recent negative memory then, 24 h later, we gave some participants feedback about the emotional impact of their event – stating it was more or less negative compared to other people’s experiences. One week later, participants recalled the event again. We predicted that if feedback affected how participants remembered their negative experiences, their ratings of the memory’s characteristics should change over time. That is, when participants are told that their negative event is extremely negative, their memories should be more vivid, recollected strongly, and remembered from a personal perspective, compared to participants in the other conditions. Our results provide support for this hypothesis. We suggest that external feedback might be a potential mechanism in the relationship between negative memories and psychological well-being.

Constitutionalism

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Zackin
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Constitutional Politics ◽  
Enormous Amount ◽  
Political Traditions ◽  
Legal Document ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Scholarly Attention ◽  
Over Time

The study of constitutionalism often begins with the question of what a constitution is. Sometimes the term refers to a single legal document with that name, but the term “constitution” may also refer to something unwritten, such as important political traditions or established customs. As a result, scholars sometimes distinguish between the “Big-C” constitution, that is, the constitutional document, and the “small-c” constitution, the set of unwritten practices and understandings that structure political life. Constitutionalism is typically associated with documents and practices that restrict the arbitrary exercise of power. Most constitutions contain guarantees of rights and outline the structures of government. Constitutions are often enforced in court, but nonjudicial actors, like legislatures or popular movements, may also enforce constitutional provisions. The relationship between democracy and constitutionalism is not at all straightforward, and it has received an enormous amount of scholarly attention. Constitutionalism seems to both undergird and restrain democracy. On the one hand, constitutions establish the institutions that allow for self-government. On the other, they are often said to restrict majoritarian decision-making. Related to this question of the relationship between constitutionalism and democracy are questions about how constitutions change and how they ought to change. Can written constitutions change without changes to the text, and can judges bring about these changes? Do extratextual changes threaten or promote democracy? Finally, not only do individual constitutions change, but the practice of writing constitutions and governing with them has also changed over time. In general, constitutions have grown more specific and flexible over time, arguably, allowing for a different kind of constitutional politics.

INTERROGATIVE CHUNKS IN FRENCH L2

1999 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florence Myles ◽  
Rosamond Mitchell ◽  
Janet Hooper
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Rote Learning ◽  
Formulaic Language ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Creative Construction ◽  
Over Time

This paper explores the relationship between formulaic language and creative construction in SLA by examining the production of interrogatives in an extensive naturalistic corpus of L2 French produced by early classroom learners. The paper first analyzes the production and breakdown of such formulaic language over time, before exploring the development of more creative structures. The interaction between the two processes “rote learning of formulas and creative construction” is then investigated. This interaction is shown to be a dynamic two-way process, with learners being driven forward in the development of their L2 system by their attempts to resolve the tension between structurally complex but communicatively rich formulas on the one hand, and structurally simple but communicatively inadequate creative structures on the other hand.

scholarly journals The cow–calf relationship: from maternal responsiveness to the maternal bond and the possibilities for fostering

2020 ◽  
Vol 87 (S1) ◽  
pp. 101-107
Author(s):  
John P. Kent
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Maternal Responsiveness ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Maternal Bond ◽  
Cow Calf ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Maternal Relationship

AbstractThe relationship between the cow and calf develops over time after birth. The behavioural mechanisms underlying its development are important and comparisons with other species may increase our understanding. In nature the cow will separate herself from the herd to give birth and then the cow–calf relationship will develop with the ability to recognise each other. While twinning levels are low in cows, they do rear their twin calves. If the calf is lost at or after birth the cow can be responsive towards other calves and in specific circumstances the cow can develop a maternal bond with an alien calf, i.e. foster. In this Research Reflection a distinction is made between the development of, on the one hand, maternal responsiveness (the tendency of the cow to care for a calf which occurs before birth) and, on the other hand, the development of the maternal–filial bond or relationship which is reciprocal, occurs after birth and is characterised by the ability to discriminate the mother's own calf from alien calves. These processes can overlap and the relationship between cow and calf in this ‘hider’ species is more plastic than in some other mammals. For example, a cow might form an attachment with an alien calf before she gives birth. After the cow has given birth the loss of her own calf may result in the state of maternal responsiveness being maintained, such that developing a maternal bond with one or several appropriate alien calves is possible. Viable fostering techniques are possible. If a maternal relationship to the mother's own calf has developed then fostering will be more difficult. If the cow's relationship with her own calf is not exclusive, and she is in a state of maternal responsiveness then fostering of calves of an appropriate age and status can be achieved.

scholarly journals Extroversion and Conscientiousness Predict Deteriorating Job Outcomes During the COVID-19 Transition to Enforced Remote Work

2021 ◽  
pp. 194855062110390
Author(s):  
Anthony M. Evans ◽  
M. Christina Meyers ◽  
Philippe P. F. M. Van De Calseyde ◽  
Olga Stavrova
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Turnover Intentions ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Other ◽  
Remote Work ◽  
Job Outcomes ◽  
The World ◽  
Deteriorating Job ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, organizations around the world rapidly transitioned to enforced remote work. We examined the relationship between personality and within-person changes in five job outcomes (self-reported performance, engagement, job satisfaction, burnout, and turnover intentions) during this transition. We conducted a four-wave longitudinal study, from May to August 2020, of employees working from home due to COVID-19, N = 974. On average, self-reported performance decreased over the course of the study, whereas the other outcomes remained stable. There was also significant between-person variability in job outcomes. Extroversion and conscientiousness, two traits traditionally associated with desirable outcomes, were associated with deteriorating outcomes over time. Extroverted employees and conscientious employees became less productive, less engaged, and less satisfied with their jobs; and extroverted employees reported increasing burnout. These results add to our understanding of how personality predicts within-person changes in performance, well-being, and turnover intentions during the pandemic.

scholarly journals Rio de Janeiro’s favela assemblage: Accounting for the durability of an unstable object

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1045-1062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Aaron Richmond
Keyword(s):  
Service Provision ◽  
Perception And Action ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Outcomes ◽  
Armed Groups ◽  
Spatial Objects ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Distinct Object

Assemblage thinking offers a new conceptual toolkit for analysing the relationship between society and space. However, major questions remain regarding both its ontological propositions and how it might be applied to the analysis of specific socio-spatial objects. This article contributes to these debates by using assemblage thinking to trace the long-term development of Rio de Janeiro’s favelas. These territories have undergone a range of seemingly contradictory changes over recent decades. On one hand, expanded infrastructure and service provision and improved social outcomes have meant favelas have moved closer to, and in some cases surpassed, areas officially designated as “formal”. On the other, they continue to be heavily stigmatised, targeted by exceptional forms of governance, and subject to militarisation and abuse by police and non-state armed groups. Tracing these developments over time, I argue that the favela is best understood as an assemblage of heterogeneous, interacting elements that operate according to diverse logics. Despite continual pressures to deterritorialise, or break apart, a density of components and relations has ensured the continual reterritorialisation of the “favela” as a distinct object of perception and action over more than a century, with far reaching consequences for residents and the wider city.

The state of knowledge concerning the relationship to knowing in teacher training

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Marquise Meneses Santos ◽  
Marilene Batista da Cruz Nascimento ◽  
Josevânia Teixeira Guedes
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Training ◽  
Government Agency ◽  
Scientific Production ◽  
The Other ◽  
Learning To Learn ◽  
Plural Form ◽  
School Learning ◽  
Education Personnel ◽  
Learning School ◽  
The Relationship

This state of knowledge research aims to map the scientific production on the relationship to knowing in teacher training in Brazil, as well as categorize the multiple approaches and perspectives of publications on this theme. Data has been collected from the following academic databases: CAPES (a Brazilian federal government agency that stands for Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel), Scopus, SciELO and REPERES (Network of Research on the Relationship to Knowing). This study has originated from skimming titles and abstracts of articles, dissertations and theses whose data have been processed in the light of discursive textual analysis, which involves a cycle of operations that deconstruct a corpus so as to categorize the analysis units. At the end of this stage, the following categories have emerged: school learning, school experience, knowledges (in the plural form) and formative processes. The results disclose the relevance of teachers in the pursuit of a career path with inquisitive attitudes that valorize the Other through a humanistic, dialogic and knowledge-sharing perspective. There is an emergence of Professors/Researchers who reconstruct knowledge, and therefore providing meaning to different knowledges, regardless if these are curricular, disciplinary, professional or experiential. All in all, it has been concluded that the relationship to knowing in teacher training leads to accounting not only for existing difficulties in the process of “learning to learn”, but also for the teacher’s role as mediator between knowledges, the world, his Self and the Other.

Supply and Demand: A Framework for Explaining Variability in Dietary Intake and its Impact on Data

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 289-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria Joachim
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
The Other ◽  
Important Relationship ◽  
Usual Intake ◽  
Health And Illness ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Consumption Curve

Nutrition has an important relationship with health and illness. One difficulty in measuring intake is related to variability. The purpose of this paper is to examine 1) the impact of supply and demand on variability in data collected for dietary studies and 2) the relationship between data and estimates of usual intake. The forces of supply and demand over time generate a consumption curve for each food. Two types of consumption curves are identified. One curve is horizontal and represents staples that are steadily consumed. The other curve exhibits peaks and dips and is unique for each food whose consumption varies with time. The measurement of usual intake is discussed in. light of these two types of curves. Usual intake of foods whose consumption curve is horizontal could be read at any time since consumption does not vary with time. For all other foods, measuring usual consumption presents problems since the data vary with time. This examination indicates that foods whose consumption varies with time have unique properties that must be considered when attempting to calculate consumption. Suggestions are given to enhance measurement of consumption of these foods. Although excellent methodology currently exists for the calculation of intake, attention to the force of supply and demand with only serve to strengthen existing methods.

scholarly journals The Concept of Friend in Publicistics

2020 ◽  
pp. 337-365
Author(s):  
Loreta Vaičiulytė-Semėnienė
Keyword(s):  
Computational Linguistics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Good Time ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
A Value ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Husband And Wife ◽  
What Matters

This article deals with the contents of friend based on the different forms of the noun friend (Lith. draugas). A balance is drawn between the structural and cognitive approach to its meaning. The study is grounded on 700 publicistics sentences collected in the Corpus of the Modern Lithuanian Language compiled by the Centre for Computational Linguistics at Vytautas Magnus University in Kaunas.The study has showed that friend is perceived as a person who acts out of love at a certain place and time.In terms of love, there are friends that are tied (rather) by bonds of fellow-feeling (The Dictionary of the Standard Lithuanian Language – DSLLe friend definition 1, 2) (In the beginning, they were huge friends and liked each other a lot; Friends love you) and those who (rather) share bodily intimacy (DSLLe friend definition 3). On the basis of the criterion of love, the relationship between a person and their friend can revolve in circles: a friend by DSLLe definition 1 or 2 becomes a friend by DSLLe definition 3 (After all, our friends, then families would begin and end in theatre), and vice-versa; a friend by DSLLe definition 2 can become a friend by DSLLe definition 1, and so on. In other words, friendship as fellow-feeling can transform into bodily love, and once bodily love goes away, friends, as husband and wife, can become/remain friends again as very close acquaintances.Someone who loves themselves unconditionally knows how to love another person that way. This kind of friend favours themselves and the other person. Mutual favour unfolds over time spent together, when mutual affinity is found/discovered. That time creates good, real friends that become a value (I treasure good friends the most. We have a bunch of very good mates that we have jolly good time with. We talk, we dance. Or we simply spend time in very comfortable silence).To be a friend, is to become a friend (DSLLe friend definition 1–3 vs. DSLLe friend definition 4). To oneself, first and foremost. The type of friend a person is to themselves is usually revealed through the person’s (myself) relationship with another person they know to a greater or lesser extent. That other person can either be a familiar (DSLLe friend definition 3) or strange (DSLLe friend definition 1, 2) person and/or non-person. Friendship between a person and a thing is a one-way street: it is untrue. What matters in this type of friendship, is not the time spent together, but rather benefit and/or pleasure. In other words, the person (myself) cannot be defined through the understanding of friend, i.e. on the basis of the criterion of similarity: tell me who your friend is, and I will tell you who you are.In terms of time, friends can be defined to a lesser or greater extent (DSLLe friend definition 1, 3 (These friends of father’s go back to Smetona’s era; the friend of my life) resp. DSLLe friend definition 2 (Could it be that she only remained a mere dodgeball friend?)). This is also more or less the case in point when it comes to the aspect of location: well-defined (DSLLe friend definition 3), better-defined (DSLLe friend definition 2; cf.: my roommate) or undefined (DSLLe friend definition 1) friends.The friendship between man and God can be one-way (from God to man) an (become) two-way (between God and man). They both are driven by love, hence are real.

scholarly journals A Survey of Stakeholder Visualization Approaches

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1,2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Cenek ◽  
Ondřej Částek
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Third ◽  
Model Based ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

The aim of this paper is to present an overview of studies for the representation/visualization of stakeholders with a proposal of our own method of visualization. The following text examines the existing representational methods and at the same time critically evaluates their advantages and disadvantages. In addition, our own proposed approach is also presented.The need to develop visualization methods for use in the concept of stakeholders has been accepted by researchers, and it is possible to encounter number of various alternatives which have been applied more or less successfully. The shared weakness of the majority of the models is that they only represent two main attributes simultaneously. When such models do contain three variables, then the third one is only a complementary aspect of the relationship compared to the two dominant attributes.Our proposed visualisation model based on three Mitchell´s (1997) stakeholder attributes should overcome the before mentioned disadvantage. Also, it takes into account the development over time in accordance with the dynamic of the relationships with the stakeholders. Therefore, the proposed three-dimensional model meets these needs and simultaneously removes the shortcomings of the other models, which are identified in our overview presented in this paper.

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