scholarly journals Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant Activities and GC-MS Profiling of Ethanol Bract Extract of Musa paradisiaca L.

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4-s) ◽  
pp. 167-175
Author(s):  
Perumal Arumugam ◽  
Krishna Saraswathi ◽  
Dhanasekar Dhivya ◽  
Chandrasekaran Sivaraj
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Radical Cation ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Musa Paradisiaca ◽  
Ic50 Values

In recent year’s trend towards authentication, standardization and quality assurance of selected medicinal plants has been rapid increase for potential therapeutic significance. Despite the modern techniques, identification of plant drug by pharmacognostic study is more reliable. In Ayurveda, a traditional system of medicine Musa Paradisiaca is commonly used in Asthma, Diabetes, Anthelmintic, Hypertension, Insomnia, Snake bite. The whole plant as well as specific parts (leaves, ripe and unripe fruits, stems) of plant extract and its active constituents have been used for the treatment of large number of human ailments. Phytochemicals are virtually present in all the fruits, vegetables, pulses/legumes and grains which are commonly consumed, so it is quite easy to incorporate them in our daily diet. Current research studies were carried out for evaluating the antioxidant activities of ethanol bract extract of Musa paradisiaca. Antioxidant activities such as DPPH˙ radical, Superoxide (O2.-) radical, Nitric Oxide (NO) radical, ABTS●+ radical cation, phosphomolybdenum reduction and Fe3+ reduction were carried out for ethanol bract extract of Musa paradisiaca. The maximum DPPH˙ radical, Superoxide (O2.-) radical and Nitric Oxide (NO) radical scavenging activities were 52.05±0.38%, 57.71±0.45% and 49.63±0.32% at 120 µg/mL concentration and the IC50 values were 68.47 µg/mL, 71.37 µg/mL and 93.94 µg/mL concentrations respectively. The maximum ABTS●+ radical cation scavenging activity was 84.28±0.13% at 30 µg/mL concentration and the IC50 value was 10.04 µg/mL concentration respectively. The maximum Mo6+ reduction and Fe3+ reduction were 45.38±0.40% and 57.06±0.32% at 120 µg/mL concentration and the RC50 values were 121.44 µg/mL and 85.43 µg/mL concentrations respectively. Z-2-Tridecen-1-ol, Nonadecane-2,4-dione, a-Ketostearic acid, 2,5-Furandione, dihydro-3-(2-tetradecenyl)- were found to be the potent antioxidant compounds detected from GC-MS analysis. Keywords: Antioxidant, phenolic compounds, Nitric Oxide (NO) radical, ABTS●+ radical cation, Fe3+ reduction and a-Ketostearic acid.

scholarly journals ANTIDIABETIC AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF PIPER BETLE L. LEAVES IN CATFISH, CLARIAS GARIEPINUS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kavitha S ◽  
Parthasarathi Perumal
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Metformin Hydrochloride ◽  
Piper Betle ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Antioxidant Agents ◽  
Ic50 Values

 Objective: The present study was undertaken to assess the α-amylase inhibitory activity and antidiabetic experimental catfish model and antioxidant properties of Piper betle L. ethanolic (PBE) extract.Methods: The phytochemical analysis of PBE extract was performed. The PBE extract was tested for their inhibitory effect on the α-amylase assay, which compared to the control, acarbose. The absorbance was read at 540 nm using a spectrophotometer, and IC50 values were calculated. In this present investigation, diabetes mellitus was induced in catfish, Clarias gariepinus by epaxial musculature injection to glucose and standard drug, Metformin hydrochloride. After 24-h incubation, the treated fishes were dissected, and the blood, liver, tissue samples, and epaxial musculature regions were collected. In addition, the antioxidant properties of PBE were determined by 2,2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging (ABTS) assays.Results: The phytochemical screening of PBE revealed the presence of alkaloid, flavonoids, tannins, phenol, glycosides, sterols, saponins, and quinines. Furthermore, the values of (μg/ml) 3.038 and 7.672 α-amylase enzyme inhibition were excellent activity when compared to the acarbose. Moreover, elevated the glucose level (mg/dl) was estimated in blood 1.9±0.35, liver 0.5±0.25, tissue 0.2±0.25, and epaxial musculature 0.8±0.2 after 24-h incubation. The antioxidant effect of maximum activity was found in PBE; IC50 values (μg/ml) of DPPH and ABTS were 9.362 and 6.606, respectively.Conclusions: These studies might be responsible for the P. betle L. that was used as the new source of antidiabetic and antioxidant agents. 

scholarly journals ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF HYDROLYSATES ORIGINATED FROM SOYBEAN AND SOY MILK RESIDUE

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (5A) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Ngo Minh Ngoc
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Soy Milk ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Ic50 Values

Soybean (Glycine max) and soy milk residue (okara) are protein-rich materials. Soybean possesses the highest protein content among different types of beans (protein content of soybean varies from 40–42 %). Soy milk residue, a by-product of the soy milk manufacturing industry, contains approximately 27 % protein (by dry weight). A number of recent studies have investigated the improvement of functional properties of protein contained in soybean and okara by fermentation or by the use of proteolytic enzymes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant activities of soybean and okara hydrolysates obtained by the fermentation with Aspergillus oryzae or by using proteolytic enzymes (neutrase and flavourzyme). DPPH radical scavenging assay was used to determine the antioxidant activities of hydrolysates. The concentration of peptides required to scavenge DPPH radical by 50 % (IC50 value) was used to evaluate the antioxidant activity of peptides produced obtained from hydrolysates. The results showed that when fermented with A. oryzae, the okara hydrolysate had higher antioxidant activity than the soybean hydrolysate, with IC50 values of 0.447 mg/ml and 3.95 mg/ml, respectively. The hydrolyzed okara obtained from hydrolysis using Neutrase had higher antioxidant activity than the one obtained from hydrolysis using Flavourzyme, with IC50 values of0.200 mg/ml and 0.407 mg/ml, respectively. Different peptide fractions obtained from the hydrolysates using cut-off membrane (10 kDa, 3 kDa and 1 kDa) possessed different antioxidant activities. The < 1 kDa peptide fraction exhibited the highest antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 0.158 mg/ml.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Investigation and In Vitro Antioxidant Activities of Tetracarpidium conophorum (African Walnut) Seeds

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
Kelly Oriakhi ◽  
Kissinger Orumwensodia ◽  
Patrick Uadia
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging ◽  
Crude Methanol Extract

Background: Tetracarpidium conophorum (African walnut) is an African plant with ethnobotanical uses. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical screening and in vitro antioxidant activities of methanol extract and fractions (F) [n-hexane (HEX-F), dichloromethane (DCM-F) and, ethyl acetate (EA-F)] of T. conophorum seeds. Methods: Phytochemical screening and in vitro antioxidant activity study were carried out using DPPH, ABTs radical scavenging assays, nitric oxide inhibitory and reducing potential assays. Results: Methanol extract and its fractions contain phenols, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, terpenoids, and alkaloids. The concentrations of total phenols and flavonoids content were significantly higher in EA-F and crude methanol extract compared to other fractions. Crude methanol and EA-F contain higher concentrations of tannin while hexane fraction had the lowest tannin content but relatively higher proanthocyanidin content compared to other fractions. The antioxidant activity study showed that both methanol crude extract and fractions of T. conophorum seeds have significant activities for DPPH radical scavenging, reducing power, ferric reducing antioxidant potential, nitric oxide inhibitory activities, ABTS and hydroxyl radical scavenging for. DPPH radical scavenging activities of EA-F showed the lowest IC50 of 33.11 µg/mL, followed by Hex-F, DCM-F and crude methanol extract with IC50 of 33.43, 42.09 and 45.44 µg/mL, respectively, when compared to ascorbic acid with IC50 of 17.08 µg/mL. Conclusion: The study showed that T. conophorum seed is a rich source of secondary metabolites, which may be responsible for its antioxidant activities.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Activities of Fresh Aqueous Pink Petals of Indian Lotus-Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 82-88
Author(s):  
K Saraswathi ◽  
C Sivaraj ◽  
B Fransila ◽  
P Arumugam
Keyword(s):  
Radical Cation ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Nelumbo Nucifera ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Ic50 Value

The genus Nelumbo is endowed with a number of medicinally important activities antidiabetic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancerous, antimicrobial, antiviral and anti-obesity properties. Furthermore, Nelumbo nucifera flowers are served as healthy beverages to treat hypertension, cancer, diarrhea, fever, weakness, infection and body heat imbalance. It has been widely used in folk medicine for the treatment of various inflammatory and infectious diseases. Current research studies were carried out for evaluating the antioxidant, antidiabetic and antibacterial activities of fresh aqueous pink petals of Nelumbo nucifera. Antioxidant activities such as DPPH˙ radical, Superoxide (O2.-) radical, ABTS●+ radical cation, phosphomolybdenum reduction and Fe3+ reduction were carried out for fresh aqueous pink petals of Nelumbo nucifera. The maximum DPPH˙ radical scavenging activity was 88.33±0.47% at 300 µg/mL concentration and the IC50 value was 131.68 µg/mL concentration. The maximum superoxide (O2.-) radical scavenging activity was 86.76±0.31% at 120 µg/mL concentration and the IC50 value was 21.31 µg/mL concentration. The maximum ABTS●+ radical cation scavenging activity was 69.55±0.26% at 30 µg/mL concentration and the IC50 value was 10.82 µg/mL concentration respectively. The maximum Mo6+ reduction was 84.54±0.21% at 45 µg/mL concentration and the RC50 value of Mo6+ reduction was 25.79 µg/mL concentration. The maximum Fe3+ reduction was 56.00±0.38% at 300 µg/mL concentration and the RC50 value of Fe3+ reduction was 177.30 µg/mL concentration respectively. The maximum alpha amylase enzyme inhibition was 66.37±0.10% at 300 µg/mL concentration and the IC50 value was 63.84 µg/mL concentration respectively. The antibacterial activity of fresh aqueous pink petals of Nelumbo nucifera showed maximum zone of inhibition of 14 mm for B. subtilis and minimum zone of inhibition of 10 mm for E. coli at 375 µg/mL concentration.  Keywords: Antioxidant, Superoxide (O2.-) radical, ABTS●+ radical cation, Fe3+ reduction and alpha-amylase.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of ethanol fruit extract of Cherry Plum - Prunus cerasifera Ehrh.

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1-s) ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Saraswathi ◽  
C Sivaraj ◽  
P Arumugam
Keyword(s):  
Radical Cation ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
Prunus Cerasifera

Foods that have disease-preventing potential are designated as functional foods. Functional foods are foods that provide health benefits beyond basic nutrition. A large number of antioxidants, both nutritive and nonnutritive, occur in foods. The potency of antioxidants present in foods in vivo will depend not only on their levels in the foods but also on their bioavailability, that is, the extent to which the active forms of antioxidants are released from the food and absorbed through the gut. Most of phytochemicals, components of food, beverages, and herbal products are often reported in literature as “nutraceutical”, emphasizing their health promoting properties, including the prevention and treatment of pathologies like cancer, cardiovascular diseases, neural disorders, and Alzheimer’s disease. Phytochemicals are virtually present in all the fruits, vegetables, pulses/legumes and grains which are commonly consumed, so it is quite easy to incorporate them in our daily diet. Current research studies were carried out for evaluating the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of ripe fruits of ethanol extract of Prunus cerasifera. Antioxidant activities such as DPPH˙ radical, Superoxide (O2.-) radical, ABTS●+ radical cation, phosphomolybdenum reduction and Fe3+ reduction were carried out for ripe fruits of ethanol extract of Prunus cerasifera. The maximum DPPH˙ radical and Superoxide (O2.-) radical scavenging activities were 82.11±0.42% and 46.26±0.28% at 120 µg/mL concentration and the IC50 values were 45.40 µg/mL and 129.70 µg/mL concentrations respectively. The maximum ABTS●+ radical cation scavenging activity was 88.64±0.43% at 30 µg/mL concentration and the IC50 value was 10.09 µg/mL concentration respectively. The maximum Mo6+ reduction and Fe3+ reduction were 86.29±0.29% and 79.82±0.20% at 120 µg/mL concentration and the RC50 values were 20.45 µg/mL and 24.21 µg/mL concentrations respectively. The antibacterial activity of ripe fruits of ethanol extract of Prunus cerasifera showed maximum zone of inhibition of 20 mm for Bacillus subtilis at 500 µg/mL concentration.  Keywords: Antioxidant, Superoxide (O2.-) radical, ABTS●+ radical cation, Fe3+ reduction and phenolic compounds.

scholarly journals Antioxidant, anticancer, antibacterial activities and GCMS analysis of aqueous extract of pulps of Aegle marmelos (L.) Correa

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-78
Author(s):  
Vardhini SP ◽  
◽  
Sivaraj C ◽  
Arumugam P ◽  
Himanshu Ranjan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radical Cation ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Aegle Marmelos ◽  
Ic50 Values

Aegle marmelos (Bael) is an important medicinal plant which belongs to family Rutaceae. Leaves, fruit, stem, bark of this plant is used because of its medicinal properties like astringent, antidiarrheal, antipyretic, antiinflammatory activities. Compounds purified from A.marmelos have been proven biologically active against various several major diseases like cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antioxidant, anticancer and antibacterial activities of aqueous extract of A. marmelos and to identify the bioactive compounds by GC-MS analysis. Antioxidant activities such as DPPH radical, ABTS·+ radical cation, Fe3+ reducing power and phosphomolybdenum reduction assays were carried out for aqueous extract. The maximum DPPH radical and ABTS·+ radical cation scavenging activities were 60.70±4.24% at 300 µg/mL and 95.77±6.70% at 30 µg/mL concentrations. The IC50 values of DPPH˙ radical and ABTS·+ radical cation scavenging activities were 183.58 µg/mL and 10.81 µg/mL concentration. The maximum reduction of Fe3+ and Mo6+ were 52.05±3.64% and 87.81±6.19% at 120 µg/mL concentration and the IC50 values were 102.83 µg/mL and 32.76 µg/mL concentration. The anticancer activity was carried out by MTT assay method, which showed the IC50 value of 47.92 µg/mL concentration

Phytochemicals Investigation and Antioxidant Activities of the Xylocarpus granatum Extracts

2020 ◽  
Vol 901 ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Udomdeja Polyium
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Glycoside ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Xylocarpus Granatum ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging ◽  
Radical Scavenging Assay

This study aimed to investigate the phytochemicals and antioxidant activities of the Xylocarpus granatum Koen fruits extract. The phytochemical analysis was performed for alkaloid, tannin, terpenoid, flavonoid, anthraquinone, and cardiac glycoside. The fruits of X. granatum was separated by maceration and sequential extraction method with hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol to crude extracts. Crude extracts were assessed for their total phenolic contents tested using the Folin–Ciocalteu method and DPPH radical scavenging assay using DPPH radical scavenging assay. The results showed that phytochemical screening of X. granatum fruits have the presence of alkaloid, tannin, terpenoid, flavonoid, anthraquinone, and cardiac glycoside. The crude methanol extract had the highest phenolic content and reduced DPPH; it supports traditional uses in folk medicine.

ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND ACUTE TOXICITY OF EXTRACT OF UVARIA GRANDIFLORA ROXB. EX HORNEM - ANNONACEAE&NBSP;

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 95-99
Author(s):  
Thi Hoai Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Central Vietnam ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Ld50 Value ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

Background: Uvaria grandiflora, a naturally occurring medicinal plant in Central Vietnam, showed many significant biological activities. The objective of the study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity through the ability of Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and the acute toxicity of extract of U. grandiflora. Materials: The aerial part of U. grandiflora. Method: Evaluation the ability of DPPH radical scavenging by the method of Kedare (2011). Evaluation of acute toxicity by the method of Abraham and Turner (1978). Results: The crude methanol extract and ethyl acetat fraction displayed the IC50 values 88.49 µg/ml and 65.57 µg/ml, respectively. On acute toxicity, the LD50 value could not be identified at the maximum dose given to mice (10000 mg/kg mice). Conclusion: Extract of methanol and ethyl acetat fraction of Uvaria grandiflora showed moderate antioxidant activities. The LD50 value could not be identified. Key words: antioxidant, acute toxictity, DPPH, free radical, Uvaria grandiflora

scholarly journals Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant Activity, Fatty Acids Composition, and Functional Group Analysis ofHeliotropium bacciferum

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sohail Ahmad ◽  
Shabir Ahmad ◽  
Ahtaram Bibi ◽  
Muhammad Saqib Ishaq ◽  
Muhammad Siddique Afridi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Functional Group Analysis

Heliotropium bacciferumis paramount in medicinal perspective and belongs to Boraginaceae family. The crude and numerous fractions of leaves, stem, and roots of the plant were investigated for phytochemical analysis and DPPH radical scavenging activity. Phytochemical analysis of crude and fractions of the plant revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, tannins, steroids, terpenoids, flavonoids, glycosides, and phenols. The antioxidant (free radical scavenging) activity of various extracts of theHeliotropium bacciferumwas resolute against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical with the avail of UV spectrophotometer at 517 nm. The stock solution (1000 mg/mL) and then several dilutions (50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 mg/mL) of the crude and fractions were prepared. Ascorbic acid was used as a standard. The plant leaves (52.59 ± 0.84 to 90.74 ± 1.00), stem (50.19 ± 0.92 to 89.42 ± 1.10), and roots extracts (49.19 ± 0.52 to 90.01 ± 1.02) divulged magnificent antioxidant activities. For the ascertainment of the fatty acid constituents a gas chromatograph hyphenated to mass spectrometer was used. The essential fatty acids for growth maintenance such as linoleic acid (65.70%), eicosadienoic acid (15.12%), oleic acid (8.72%), and palmitic acid (8.14%) were found in high percentage. The infrared spectra of all extracts of the plant were recorded by IR Prestige-21 FTIR model.

Composition of essential oil and antioxidant activity of Khat (Catha edulis Forsk), Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Bahir Dar ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Catha Edulis

In this study, we determined the chemical composition and antioxidant activities of the essential oils from two different varieties of khat (Catha edulis Forsk) cultivated in Ethiopia. The essential oils were extracted by hydrodistillation using the Clevenger type apparatus, identifications of compounds were made by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Seventy seven different compounds were identified from essential oils of the two different khat cultivars. The essential oils in the samples from Bahir Dar and Wendo were composed of 50 and 34 compounds, respectively. The major compound identified in khat essentials oils include: limonene, 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione, 1-hydroxy,1-phenyl-2-propanone, camphor, (sulfurous acid)-2-propylundecyl ester, hexadecane, O-mentha-1(7), 8-dien-3-ol, heptadecane, 10-methylnonadecane, (phthalic acid)-isobutyl octadecyl ester, and tritetracontane. The antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity of the oils were assessed by means of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical assay. The scavenging activities of the oils were 23.5-23.6 μg AAE/kg of fresh khat sample.

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