scholarly journals A Review on Medicinal Uses of Cinnamomum verum (Cinnamon)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6-S) ◽  
pp. 161-166
Author(s):  
Rashmi Pathak ◽  
Himanshu Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Volatile Oils ◽  
Cinnamomum Zeylanicum ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Southern States ◽  
Current Period ◽  
Chewing Gums ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Anti Hiv

Cinnamomum verum is a spice plant that is well-known for its medicinal and pharmacological qualities. The old botanical synonym for this tree, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, is derived from Sri Lanka's former name, Ceylon. Since ancient times, Cinnamomum zeylanicum has been frequently used as a medicinal condiment. It's native to Sri Lanka and India's southern states. Cinnamomum verum belongs to the Lauraceae family and is also known by the synonym Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume. It's a dried bark that's been stripped of its outer cork and underlying parenchyma. Cinnamomum verum is a popular medicinal herb with a wide range of applications It has long been used to flavour food and in pharmaceutical preparations to treat a variety of ailments. For commercial purposes, it is commonly used as candies, chewing gums, mouthwash, and toothpaste in the current period. Many volatile oils, primarily cinnamaldehyde, cinnamic acid, and cinnamate, are abundant in the plant. Eugenol is the active principal ingredient linked to a variety of biological functions. This herb is found in almost every pharmacological system on the planet. Each of these features is essential for human health development. Antimicrobial, wound healing, antidiabetic, anti-HIV, anti-anxiety, and anti-are Parkinson's among of the plant's key medical characteristics. The major components of the Cinnamomum verum plant include eugenol, cinnamaldehyde, cinnamyl acetate, copane, and camphor. The pharmacological effects of cinnamon aldehyde have been extensively researched. Every aspect of the plant was thoroughly examined in this study, from its morphological description to its phytochemical profile and therapeutic action. In this review, we've attempted to compile a comprehensive list of its medical and pharmacological qualities. Keywords: Cinnamomum verum, Dalchini, Medicinal Properties, volatile oils, Antimicrobial, Anti-HIV, antidiabetic

scholarly journals Dalchini (cinnamomum zeylanicum): a versatile spice with significant therapeutic potential

2021 ◽  
pp. 126-136
Author(s):  
Shifali Thakur ◽  
Bhawna Walia ◽  
Gitika Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Active Principle ◽  
Cinnamomum Zeylanicum ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Therapeutic Uses ◽  
Chewing Gums ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Anti Hiv

Cinnamomum zeylanicum is a widely utilized condiment for its therapeutic uses since ancient times. It is indigenous to Sri Lanka and Southern India. Cinnamon is one of the ancient spice which belongs to the Lauraceae family. In the modern era, it is widely used in industrial products like candies, chewing gums, mouthwash, and toothpaste. It is a well-considered plant remedy used in the treatment of many diseases in a traditional system like Ayurveda and the Folk system of medicine. It is used in many polyherbal formulations for curing various ailments. The plant is enriched with many vital oils and other derivatives such as cinnamaldehyde, cinnamic acid, and cinnamate. Eugenol is the active principle constituent associated with many biological activities. The main therapeutic actions of the plant are antimicrobial, wound healing, antidiabetic, anti-HIV, anti-anxiety, and anti-Parkinson’s. The present review has summarized the therapeutic and pharmacological value of Cinnamomum zeylanicum along with its utilization in the Folklore medicinal system.   

scholarly journals Phytochemistry, Pharmacological Properties, and Recent Applications of Ficus benghalensis and Ficus religiosa

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2749
Author(s):  
Suganya Murugesu ◽  
Jinap Selamat ◽  
Vikneswari Perumal
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Volatile Oils ◽  
Ficus Religiosa ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Ficus Benghalensis ◽  
Major Species ◽  
Wide Range

Ficus is one of the largest genera in the plant kingdom that belongs to the Moraceae family. This review aimed to summarize the medicinal uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological actions of two major species from this genus, namely Ficus benghalensis and Ficus religiosa. These species can be found abundantly in most Asian countries, including Malaysia. The chemical analysis report has shown that Ficus species contained a wide range of phytoconstituents, including phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, glycosides, sugar, protein, essential and volatile oils, and steroids. Existing studies on the pharmacological functions have revealed that the observed Ficus species possessed a broad range of biological properties, including antioxidants, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antitumor and antiproliferative, antimutagenic, antimicrobial, anti-helminthic, hepatoprotective, wound healing, anticoagulant, immunomodulatory activities, antistress, toxicity studies, and mosquitocidal effects. Apart from the plant parts and their extracts, the endophytes residing in these host plants were discussed as well. This study also includes the recent applications of the Ficus species and their plant parts, mainly in the nanotechnology field. Various search engines and databases were used to obtain the scientific findings, including Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, PMC, Research Gate, and Scopus. Overall, the review discusses the therapeutic potentials discovered in recent times and highlights the research gaps for prospective research work.

Structure and Activity of Pentacyclic Triterpenes Codrugs. A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justyna Żwawiak ◽  
Anna Pawełczyk ◽  
Dorota Olender ◽  
Lucjusz Zaprutko
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Drug Molecule ◽  
Pentacyclic Triterpene ◽  
Formation Pathway ◽  
Chemical Systems ◽  
Drug Molecules ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Anti Hiv ◽  
Structure And Activity

: Triterpenes are a wide and important group of compounds that have several promising pharmacological properties, such as hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-HIV, antioxidant, or anticancer activities. Such potent substances can be successfully incorporated in more complex chemical systems e.g. codrugs or pro-drugs that have better pharmacological profile. The codrug is connected with a drug formation pathway to chemically cohere at least two drug molecules to improve positive therapeutic efficiency or decrease side effects. The codrug can be cleaved in the organism to generate effective compounds previously used as substrates. This article presents an overview of codrugs that consist of pentacyclic triterpene moiety that is chosen as a basic codrug moiety due to their wide range of vital activities and another drug molecule fragment. It was found that triterpenoid codrugs are characterized by a wide range of biological activities. However, most of them have anticancer potency.

scholarly journals In vitro activities of Acacia nilotica (L.) Delile bark fractions against Oral Bacteria, Glucosyltransferase and as antioxidant

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Mahmoud Muddathir ◽  
Ebtihal Abdalla M. Mohieldin ◽  
Tohru Mitsunaga
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Acacia Nilotica ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Background Dental caries and periodontal disease are the most common chronic infectious oral diseases in the world. Acacia nilotica was commonly known in Sudan as Garad or Sunt has a wide range of medicinal uses. In the present study, antibacterial activity of oral bacteria (Streptococcus sobrinus and Porphyromonas gingivalis), inhibitory activity against glucosyltransferase (GTF) enzyme and antioxidant activity were assayed for methanolic crude extract of A. nilotica bark and its fractions. Methods Methanoilc crude extract of A. nilotica bark was applied to a Sephadex LH-20 column and eluted with methanol, aqueous methanol, and finally aqueous acetone to obtain four fractions (Fr1- Fr4). Furthermore, the crude extract and fractions were subjected to analytical high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The crude extract and its fractions were assayed for antibacterial activity against S. sobrinus and P. gingivalis using a microplate dilution assay method to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), as well as GTF inhibition and antioxidant activity using ABTS radical scavenging method. Results Fractions (Fr1 and Fr2) exhibited MIC values of 0.3 mg/ml against the P. gingivalis. Additionally, Fr2 displayed MBC value of 1 mg/ml against two types of bacteria. Fr4 showed an especially potent GTF inhibitory activity with IC50 value of 3.9 μg/ml. Fr1 displayed the best antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 1.8 μg/ml. The main compound in Fr1 was identified as gallic acid, and Fr2 was mostly a mixture of gallic acid and methyl gallate. Conclusions The results obtained in this study provide some scientific rationale and justify the use of this plant for the treatment of dental diseases in traditional medicine. A. nilotica bark, besides their antibacterial potentiality and GTF inhibitory activity, it may be used as adjuvant antioxidants in mouthwashes. Further studies in the future are required to identify the rest of the active compounds.

scholarly journals Marine Polysaccharides as a Versatile Biomass for the Construction of Nano Drug Delivery Systems

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 345
Author(s):  
Ying Sun ◽  
Xiaoli Ma ◽  
Hao Hu
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Marine Biomass ◽  
Nano Drug Delivery ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Marine Polysaccharide

Marine biomass is a treasure trove of materials. Marine polysaccharides have the characteristics of biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, low cost, and abundance. An enormous variety of polysaccharides can be extracted from marine organisms such as algae, crustaceans, and microorganisms. The most studied marine polysaccharides include chitin, chitosan, alginates, hyaluronic acid, fucoidan, carrageenan, agarose, and Ulva. Marine polysaccharides have a wide range of applications in the field of biomedical materials, such as drug delivery, tissue engineering, wound dressings, and sensors. The drug delivery system (DDS) can comprehensively control the distribution of drugs in the organism in space, time, and dosage, thereby increasing the utilization efficiency of drugs, reducing costs, and reducing toxic side effects. The nano-drug delivery system (NDDS), due to its small size, can function at the subcellular level in vivo. The marine polysaccharide-based DDS combines the advantages of polysaccharide materials and nanotechnology, and is suitable as a carrier for different pharmaceutical preparations. This review summarizes the advantages and drawbacks of using marine polysaccharides to construct the NDDS and describes the preparation methods and modification strategies of marine polysaccharide-based nanocarriers.

Development and characterization of electrospun curcumin-loaded antimicrobial nanofibrous membranes

2020 ◽  
pp. 004051752092551
Author(s):  
Javeed A Awan ◽  
Saif Ur Rehman ◽  
Muhammad Kashif Bangash ◽  
Fiaz Hussain ◽  
Jean-Noël Jaubert
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Electrospinning Technique ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Nanofibrous Membranes ◽  
Antimicrobial Barrier ◽  
Anti Hiv

Curcumin is a naturally occurring hydrophobic polyphenol compound. It exhibits a wide range of biological activities such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic, antifungal, anti-HIV, and antimicrobial activity. In this research work, antimicrobial curcumin nanofibrous membranes are produce by an electrospinning technique using the Eudragit RS 100 (C19H34ClNO6) polymer solution enriched with curcumin. The morphology and chemistry of the membrane are analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Kirby Bauer disk diffusion tests are carried out to examine the antibacterial effectiveness of the membrane. Experimental results show that the nanofibers produced are of uniform thickness morphology and curcumin is successfully incorporated into the nanofibrous mat, while no chemical bonding was observed between curcumin and the polymer. The antimicrobial curcumin nanofibrous membranes can be effectively applied as antimicrobial barrier in a wide variety of medical applications such as wound healing, scaffolds, and tissue engineering.

Pharmacologic activities of 5, 6-Diaryl/heteroaryl-3-substituted-1, 2, 4-triazines as a privileged scaffold in drug development

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Zakeri Khatir ◽  
Hamid Irannejad
Keyword(s):  
Biological Data ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Privileged Structure ◽  
Triazine Derivatives ◽  
Privileged Scaffold ◽  
Substituted 1 ◽  
Anti Hiv

: 1, 2, 4-Triazine derivatives have received much attention due to their multifunctional nature, especially in diverse pharmacological properties as well as a key fragment in many drug candidates. Introduction of a vicinal 5, 6-diaryl/heteroaryl moiety on the 1, 2, 4-triazine ring has attracted plentiful attention in the field of medicinal chemistry. 5, 6-Diaryl/heteroaryl-3-substituted-1, 2, 4-triazine is as a prominent scaffold in many drug candidates which has shown a wide range of pharmacological activities such as anti-diabetic, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anti-HIV, neuroprotective, anticonvulsant, anti- Alzheimer, anti-Parkinson and antioxidant. In this review, we have discussed synthesis, various pharmacological activities of 5, 6-diaryl/heteroaryl-3-substituted-1, 2, 4-triazines, their structure-activity relationship (SAR), pharmacophoric elements and their mechanism of action reported in the published articles during 2000-2019. Evaluation of compounds by PAINS filtering tool was accomplished and showed that this versatile structure could be considered as a privileged structure. Compilation of the biological data confirmed that the position 3 of the 1,2,4-triazine is a key location to determine the affinity and selectivity of the 5,6-diaryl/heteroaryl-3-substituted-1, 2, 4-triazines towards different biologic targets. Specific geometrical and thermodynamic characters of this motif have prompted it as a frequent hitter.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF SWIETENIA MAHAGONI – A HIGHLY MEDICINAL PLANT IN INDIA

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Dhanapaul Vinoth Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Volatile Oils ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Antibacterial Study ◽  
Active Constituents ◽  
Swietenia Mahagoni

The present study was designed to evaluate the phytochemical analysis and antibacterial activity of Swietenia mahagoni leaf extract. The leaf extract was subjected to a variety of phytochemical analysis. The qualitative phytochemical tests exhibited the presence of common phytocompounds like alkaloids, tannins, saponins, phlobatannins, flavanoids, terpenoids and volatile oils as major active constituents. The plant (Swietenia mahagoni) leaf has valuable medicinal uses, hence petroleum ether (18.2g) was found to be a good solvent for the phytochemical and antibacterial study. Similarly, the Methanolic leaf extract of Swietenia mahagoni has highest zone of inhibition on Bacillus subtilis.

scholarly journals Global trends and growth dynamics in media industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 324-337
Author(s):  
Elena S. Pinchuk
Keyword(s):  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Media Industry ◽  
Global Media ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
Current Period ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Rapid Transition ◽  
The Media ◽  
Key Aspects

The article reviews the trends in the media industry landscape formation based on content as a source of economic processes taking place in the industry. A wide range of expert opinions, reflecting the current changes was collected and analyzed. The life cycle of content is examined and the key trends in its production, packaging, distribution and consumption are highlighted. The attention is focused on the economic and technological factors that determine each of the trends, for instance, a change in the model of media consumption, the development and distribution of OTT platforms as a new way of delivering content, as well as a rapid transition to a new technological level. The latest statistical data from Russian and foreign sources support the reviewed trends. There is a separate description of the coronavirus pandemic impact consequences on the global media and the Russian industry in particular, and the key aspects of the development of the industry are identified in the current period on its basis.

Sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia) and Coffee Senna (Cassia occidentalis): Geographic Distribution, Germination, and Emergence

Weed Science ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. Teem ◽  
C. S. Hoveland ◽  
G. A. Buchanan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cassia Obtusifolia ◽  
Cassia Occidentalis ◽  
Southern States ◽  
Germination Characteristics ◽  
Wide Range

The distribution of sicklepod (Cassia obtusifoliaL.) and coffee senna (Cassia occidentalisL.) in the United States is similar and both species are increasing as problems within their range. Sicklepod is a problem in 11 southern states and increasing in 12 while coffee senna is a problem in 7 states and increasing in 8 states. Both species germinated over a wide range of temperature. Germination characteristics were similar in the range of 15 to 36 C. Germination of coffee senna was drastically reduced at 39 C byRhizopussp. Seedling growth was similar for both species and was maximum from 30 to 36 C. Both species have a hard seedcoat. Abrasion for 5, 10, or 15 s, puncturing with a needle, and sulfuric acid were all effective in initiating germination. Both species emerged from a soil depth of 12.5 cm; however, emergence of sicklepod was more rapid than coffee senna with 63% of the sicklepod seedlings emerging from 2.5 cm after only 3 days.

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