Higher education in China: Institutions and mechanisms of the state and party management

The higher education of China has achieved significant results in recent years. Therefore, it is important to study management of this system and basic mechanisms used by the party and state institutions. The article is based on the analysis of open data sources, including official documents on the development of the higher education (laws, national programs, projects and plans), and the results of the Russian and Chinese scientific research. The authors consider state and party institutions as a unified system of the education system management: central and local party institutions, party organizations of the central and local government and primary organizations of the party (CPC), central and local executive authorities of the state. Party institutions of the higher education management include executive bodies of the CPC and the local provincial party committees, party organizations of the central and local governments (Ministry of Education and other State Councils structures, local peoples governments) and primary party committees of universities. State administrative bodies in the higher education include central (State Council of the PRC including Ministry of Education and other institutions) and local administrative bodies (local peoples governments, including education committees of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities under the central government). The main mechanism that determines activities of the party bodies and the state university management system consists of special projects and plans. The authors present five main plans for the development of the higher education system in China and identify their features and goals.

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SYSTEM OF CONTROL OVER THE ENTITIES PROVIDING EDUCATIONAL SERVICES IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES

Juridical science ◽

10.32844/2222-5374-2020-105-3.26 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 203-210

Author(s):

І. І. Литвин

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Secondary Education ◽

Education System ◽

Local Governments ◽

Central Government ◽

Legal Framework ◽

The European Union ◽

Foreign Countries ◽

The Law ◽

And Control

The study discusses the general principles of building the education system in some foreign countries that are part of the European Union and are allied to Ukraine, were from the Soviet camp and faced similar problems for Ukraine to reform their own state institutions and national legislation (Poland and Estonia), as well as the relevant legal framework. It is noted that Poland began to reform the education system in the 1990s, where the general trend in the management and control of educational institutions is decentralization and increasing the autonomy of the latter. It is emphasized that during 1990-1999, not only at the level of legislation, but de facto local governments began to play a major role in the change and control of secondary education. It is indicated that the main laws regulating the functioning of secondary education are the Laws "On the Education System" of 1991 and the Law "On Education" of 2016. The provisions of the Law "On Education" of 2016 are highlighted, the main links of the Polish secondary education system are revealed. In accordance with the provisions of this Law, the powers of the Minister in the implementation of state policy in the field of secondary education, coordination and control in which aspects are indicated. The role and powers of the curator of education as a special official in exercising control over institutions providing secondary education services in the voivodship are disclosed on the basis of the said Law, it is noted that control over the activities of such institutions. The content of the concept of pedagogical supervision and the role and place in it of the Minister of Education and Science as a representative of the central government, curators of education and school management are revealed. The norms of the Law "On Higher Education and Science" of 2018, which contains norms on the control of higher education institutions in Poland, are covered. The basic administrative and legal bases for the control of education in Estonia in accordance with Estonian national law are also defined.

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The main directions of educational policy of Finland

Humanitarian studios: pedagogics, psychology, philosophy ◽

10.31548/hspedagog2020.02.006 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 6-13

Author(s):

K. E. Stupak ◽

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Education Policy ◽

Education System ◽

Decisive Role ◽

The State ◽

Vocational Education And Training ◽

State Education Policy ◽

Role Of The State ◽

State Education

The article deals with analyzing the main streams of the education policy in Finland, which reflect the relationship between a person and society in modern socio–economic conditions. Such policy directs the system of education to change the person and his mind himself. Finland using its education system, has long before been concerned about preparing people for the future by reforming approaches to teaching in schools and higher education institutions. As a result, it has achieved world–wide recognition and top positions in various ratings have resulted. Therefore, today there is a great interest of scientists in certain issues of education functioning in Finland. Thus, G. Androshchuk, V. Butova. I. Zhernokleeva, T. Pushkareva and others study in their works the purpose and decisive role of Finland's education policy in the development of the education system. S. Grinyuk and V. Zagvozdkin pay attention to the practical the steps of reforming the Finnish system of education. T. Drobyshevsk investigates the system of providing educational services in Finland as a sector of knowledge production. L. Volynets, P. Kukharchuk consider the principles of the state education policy of Finland. L. Smolskaya examines the role of the state policy in implementing the "Finnish phenomenon"; P. Basyliuk and Yu. Kulykova, focus attention on the study of the evolution of the system of higher education in Finland; O. Scherbak reveals peculiarities of vocational education and training.

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On the System of Multiple Linear Regression of Higher Education Tuition in China

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.211-212.752 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 211-212 ◽

pp. 752-755

Author(s):

Wei Wang ◽

De Quan Liu ◽

Jian Liu

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Linear Regression ◽

Multiple Linear Regression ◽

Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽

The State ◽

State Funding ◽

Reasonable Assumption ◽

Training Costs ◽

Higher Education In China ◽

Education In China

Based on the fairness and benefits of the opportunity to accept higher education, tuition should be paid. The average cost of higher education and the ability to pay tuition which is determined by the average income are two fundamental basics for making the standard of tuition. In order to research the standard of tuition, the paper has focused on two issues: What is the acceptable range of tuition for higher education in China? How much is the reasonable tuition for higher education in China? Then we have established a multiple linear regression model on the basis of the reasonable assumption. Using the Eviews Software, we got that the range of average tuition was [4674.4, 7516.1]. Then we made a sensitivity analysis on the state funding and got the conclusion, tuition of colleges and universities all over our country were reasonable, and that the average tuition was negatively correlated to the state funding to some extent. Through the conclusion, we obtained that the state funding accounted for 25% in training costs of students. When the state funding rose by 250 yuan, the average tuition would decrease by 238 yuan.

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ACTUAL ISSUES OF THE STATE LANGUAGE TEACHING

Journal of look to the past ◽

10.26739/2181-9599-2021-6-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (6) ◽

pp. 43-47

Author(s):

Xalima Yuldasheva ◽

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Education System ◽

Language Teaching ◽

Language Education ◽

The State ◽

Higher Education System ◽

Future Leaders ◽

Human Spirituality ◽

State Language ◽

Formal Style

This article analyzes the current issues of teaching the state language and solutions of teaching problems. Especially in the system of higher education, the meaning of scientific methodsand terms is revealed that bring students closer to the language of their specialization. Particular attention is paid to the importance of language education for the development of human spirituality and the improvement of methods of teaching languages. The higher education system prepares not only qualified specialists,but also future leaders. Future leaders will need to master and master formal style literacy. Therefore, a deep study of the official style -the Munshaot language is required. It is important to pay attention to documents that belong to a person, institution, enterprise

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Transforming finnish higher education: institutional mergers and conflicting academic identities

Revista de Investigación Educativa ◽

10.6018/rie.35.2.295831 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 35 (2) ◽

pp. 307 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jani Ursin

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Education System ◽

Structural Development ◽

Ministry Of Education ◽

Font Size ◽

Higher Education System ◽

Academic Identities ◽

The Past ◽

Institutional Mergers ◽

Finnish Higher Education

As in many other European countries also Finnish higher education system has witnessed several reforms over the past decade many of which originate in efforts to make more competitive and affordable higher education system. The aim of this paper is to describe the changes and institutional mergers in particular that have taken place in Finnish higher education and explore what kind of academic identities are constructed amid changes in Finnish higher education. The paper shows that the mergers followed the objectives set by the Finnish Ministry of Education and Culture for the structural development of the higher education system and that the creation of a joint culture for merged institutions was important yet challenging. The paper also argues that due to these external changes in Finnish higher education there is a tendency to move from a traditional notion of an academic toward more hybrid and dynamic understanding of what it is being an academic in the 21st century.

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RENCANA AKSI NASIONAL BELA NEGARA

Jurnal Academia Praja ◽

10.36859/jap.v2i01.81 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (01) ◽

pp. 1-16

Author(s):

Agus Subagyo

Keyword(s):

Local Governments ◽

Central Government ◽

Action Plan ◽

The State ◽

Government Agencies ◽

Regional Government ◽

Regional Autonomy ◽

Three Stages ◽

State Defense ◽

Government Level

This article aims to explain the 2018-2019 state defense action plan in Presidential Instruction No. 7 of 2018 which mandates all ministries, non-ministerial government agencies, and local governments to take action to defend the country through three stages, namely the stages of socialization, internalization, and movement action. The dilution of the state defense action plan at the central government level has been very active, however, at the level of the reverent regional government it has not yet been felt, especially with the existence of regional autonomy where the central government is not necessarily able to "control" the regional government, so that all this needs attention parties, to see the perspective of the regional government in implementing the state defense action plan.

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Network Organisation to Improve Virtual Campus Management

Virtual Communities ◽

10.4018/978-1-60960-100-3.ch708 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 2256-2274

Author(s):

François Fulconis ◽

Thierry Garrot

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Best Practices ◽

The State ◽

Ministry Of Education ◽

Virtual Campus ◽

Academic Literature ◽

E Learning ◽

European Education ◽

Campus Initiatives ◽

Network Organisation

In the restructuring and reforming of European education, e-learning has become one of the priorities of the Ministry of Education, Higher Education and Research in France. Since 2001, e-learning virtual campuses have been promoted by the state. Within the context of Economics and Management, the CANEGE project (CAmpus Numérique en Economie-GEstion) was created. Identified as a form of network organisation, this virtual campus will be explored in this chapter in relation to its functioning and its management. Through the academic literature covering network organisation, the main purpose of this chapter is to make recommendations and establish best practices regarding the management of e-learning virtual campuses based on the CANEGE experience. This chapter explores what the authors consider to be the most relevant aspects that need to be considered in relation to the establishment and implementation of virtual campus initiatives that comprise several partners.

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Institutional Legacy as a Context of the Implementation of International Rankings in the Russian Higher Education System

Advances in Educational Marketing, Administration, and Leadership - World University Rankings and the Future of Higher Education ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-0819-9.ch019 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 368-392

Author(s):

Natalia Karmaeva ◽

Tatjana Kanonire

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Education System ◽

18Th Century ◽

Local Communities ◽

The State ◽

Global Competition ◽

University Ranking ◽

Higher Education System ◽

Russian Higher Education ◽

Market State

Western university model was transferred to Russia in the 18th century. The development of HEIs took its own unique direction serving the needs of the country, while the state has been dominating the HE sector. The chapter analyzes the interplay of market, state and informal mechanisms in the process of implementation of rankings. The institutional legacy underpinned the locally defined hierarchies of HEIs and disciplines, both explicit and implicit. The challenges that Russia meets on its way toward world university ranking are on the level of institutions and faculty, students and parents, and employers. As a conclusion, global rankings and local hierarchies have to be balanced in the HEIs structures to allow for a compromise between the demands of the global competition and the needs of the local communities.

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How Much is a Full Professor Worth? The Challenge of Attracting the Best Talent

International Higher Education ◽

10.6017/ihe.2015.81.8735 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 15-16

Author(s):

Marcelo Knobel

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Career Development ◽

Academic Freedom ◽

Education System ◽

Academic Career ◽

The State ◽

Faculty Members ◽

Full Professor ◽

Public Servants ◽

Higher Education System

There are many factors that motivate the pursuit of an academic career, including academic freedom, prestige, stability, curiosity, among others. However, salary is also key to the future career choices of young talent. In the State of São Paulo, in Brazil, the salary of all public servants is currently tied to the salary of the governor, that, for political reasons, is kept at a rather low value. This fact is already having an effect on thousands of faculty members in the higher education system of the State. In this paper, I discuss how this salary limitation can influence the decision of young talent to follow an academic career and, put at risk a rather well developed higher education system. Furthermore, I discuss this issue in a broader context of strong regulation, a lack of competitiveness to support career development, and how this all undermines the commitment and morale of qualified professors.

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Non-integrated Universities and Long-standing Problems The Universities of Zagreb and Belgrade in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and Today

International Review of Social Research ◽

10.1515/irsr-2014-0015 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 111-124 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Nikola Baketa

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Federal Republic ◽

Education System ◽

Economic Planning ◽

Process Tracing ◽

Ministry Of Education ◽

Three Solutions ◽

Higher Education System ◽

Flagship Universities ◽

Framework Document

Abstract: The higher education system of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia displayed three specific characteristics – a) non-integrated universities, b) absence of a federal ministry of education since the 1970s, and b) self-managed Communities of Interest as the decision-maker in the higher education system. Therefore, there was no direct connection between the universities and economic planning. The author considers this to be one of the causes of high unemployment of graduates and brain drain towards Croatia and Serbia. Twenty years after the dissolution of the SFRY, the universities are still not integrated, there aren’t any connections with the market, and the same problems prevail. This paper focuses on the flagship universities from Croatia and Serbia. The author uses the historical institutionalism framework, document analysis and the process tracing method in order to explain and connect these issues. As a conclusion, the author offers three solutions for the reorganization of non-integrated universities.

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