scholarly journals Digitalization of state environmental management: Legal aspects

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 601-619
Author(s):  
Valery N. Vlasenko ◽  
Alexey S. Shirobokov
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
The State ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Best Available Technologies ◽  
State Register ◽  
Digital Format ◽  
Negative Environmental Impact ◽  
Available Technology

This article discusses the features of the digital transformation of the following state functions: information support in the field of environmental protection, state accounting in the field of environmental protection, regulation in the field of environmental protection (in terms of the use of the best available technologies), state environmental supervision, and administration of fees for negative environmental impact (NVOS). It is proved that the data of the state register of objects of negative impact, formed as a result of the state accounting of objects that have a negative impact on the environment, the implementation of state environmental supervision, and the administration of fees for NWOS should become the basis for making environmentally significant decisions. To expand the scope of use of this information, it is proposed to ensure the interoperability of the state register data. In addition, the authors come to the conclusion that digitalization of technological rationing based on the best available technologies (hereinafter also BAT) is associated with the use of such technologies as data turnover regulation, experimental legal regimes (regulatory sandboxes) and assessment of the compliance of the applied technology with the best available technology. Moreover, when implementing state environmental supervision, inspections should be planned based on the hazard category of objects of negative impact and when conducting inspections, remote control methods should be used. It is also essential to introduce electronic test sheets for self-checking enterprises. Finally, the digitalization of calculating and collecting fees for NVOS should ensure the smooth functioning of calculating fees by the payer in digital format and control over the correctness of calculation and collection by the supervisory authority.

scholarly journals PERNIKAHAN SIRRI DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM DAN HUKUM POSITIF

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Muksalmina Muksalmina
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
The State ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
The Right

Marriage is the necessity of every human being in fulfilling the needs of his life as a social creature. Because the issue of marriage is an important affair to maintain the benefit of the whole community, then the State has the right to regulate this business in the form of clear rules with the aim to provide protection of law and order in the life of society. This study examines the legal aspects of marriage that occur in the community i.e. the marriage of Sirri. The marriage is lawful or not in the view of Islamic law and the positive law that often becomes a polemic in society causes a negative impact on the parties involved both husband, wife and child. The results of this research, can be concluded that the marriage of Sirri is valid either by Islamic law or positive law, but in the view of the Islamic law of marriage is unlawful.

scholarly journals ECONOMIC METHODS AND LEGAL TOOLS FOR MANAGING ECOLOGICAL SECURITY OF THE CITY

2020 ◽  
pp. 59-68
Author(s):  
M.V. Melnykova ◽  
◽  
Ye.S. Hradoboyeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Economic Regulation ◽  
Ecological Security ◽  
Economic Methods ◽  
Legal Mechanism ◽  
The City

The article explores the possible ways of managing ecological security of the city based on the use of economic methods and legal tools. It was determined that the urbanization has a negative impact on the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to make decisions on managing ecological security of the city. The management of city’s ecological security includes both functional (planning, organization, financing, coordination, control) and situational (decision-making to stabilize the environment in emergency and crisis situations) aspects. In this case, the corresponding economic methods and legal tools are used. They aim at motivating or forcing the economic entities to plan and finance environmental protection measures in the city. To do this, the methods of economic regulation (taxation, lending, subsidizing, provision of subsidies and benefits, imposition of fines) are used. The economic methods are included in the economic mechanism for managing the ecological security of the city. This mechanism is connected with the legal mechanism for regulating environmental protection activities in the city. The legal mechanism includes legal tools (legislative acts, industry regulations, decisions and orders made by local authorities) for managing environmental security. The choice of economic methods and legal tools depends much on internal and external factors, principles of distribution of responsibility for caused environmental damage, the need to coordinate the interests of the process actors with the management of ecological security of the city. To promote environmental safety in the city the environmental projects, environmental cooperation, and environmental entrepreneurship are of great importance. Their implementation and development are carried out using the economic methods and legal tools. At the same time, both the environmental assessment of projects and the assessment of social consequences of the decisions are made. Besides, the changes in the economic and legal regulation of economically safe development of the city also should be justified on economic grounds. The most important condition for this is the coherence of economic methods and legal tools. This coherence is possible due to the availability of information support, the development of which should become the subject of further research.

scholarly journals RAIDING IN UKRAINE – A THREAT TO THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF ENTERPRISES

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataliy Zgadova ◽  
◽  
Lidiy Rogatina ◽  
Vitaliy Gubko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Information Warfare ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Main Components

Given the formation of a market economy in Ukraine, which is based on small and medium-sized businesses, the question of their economic security, because economic security is one of the main components of the needs of not only the state, various associations, but also individual enterprises. Therefore, it is very important to have effective tools to protect enterprises from the information support. With the intensive spread of crises in Ukraine's economy, financial and political instability, increased competition and the negative impact of environmental factors, the problem of financial and economic security of the enterprise has become especially important, namely in the manifestation of information warfare and raids on enterprises of various forms of ownership. Economic information is considered as the main factor of effective activity of the enterprise in the conditions of market economy. Until the early 1990s (Soviet period), domestic enterprises, in particular agro-industrial enterprises, felt virtually no risk in their activities, as they were state-owned and bound by government contracts. In turn, the state interests in the field of economy were strictly protected by law enforcement agencies and special services. Now the situation has changed dramatically. Any business entity, regardless of the size of its working assets, is surrounded by a variety of risks, and therefore vulnerable to various raider attacks, which can instantly destroy financial and material resources. At the same time, the state structures that are supposed to defend entrepreneurship do not actually operate. In today's economic system, one of the most important tasks of economic security of the enterprise was the preservation of its property, resistance to raiding – forceful, unscrupulous seizure of someone else's property. This phenomenon has become a real threat to the economy as a whole, destroying domestic business, entrepreneurship and production, increasing tensions in the economic space of the country, as almost any company can be the object of a raider attack. Therefore, we can say that the problem of raiding in today's market conditions is quite relevant and threatens the economic security of enterprises and must be addressed immediately.

Legal regulation of utilization non-suitable pesticides accumulated during the USSR

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafurova Olena ◽  
◽  
Kukhar Olga ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
State Level ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Ecological Situation ◽  
Obsolete Pesticides

The article provides a scientific and theoretical analysis of the legislation of the USSR, Ukrainian legislation. Particular attention is paid to establishing features in the legal regulation of seizure, utilization, destruction and disposal of unusable or prohibited pesticides and agrochemicals and containers from them. The authors conclude that today, given the need to improve the environment, more efforts are needed at the state level to utilize pesticides accumulated during the Soviet era, primarily to approve the state program with clear measures for its implementation and sources of funding. Today, regional state administrations have the opportunity without the intervention of the Ministry of Environmental Protection and Natural Resources of Ukraine to solve problems with obsolete pesticides and agrochemicals, as well as to determine where it is most profitable to dispose of these substances. Thus, to date, the process of reducing unusable pesticides has been launched. It aims to improve the ecological situation in the country, help reduce the negative impact on people's lives and health, and allow agriculture to develop. Keywords: waste, industrial waste, pesticides, plants protecting products, utilization of pesticides, container, agriculture

scholarly journals Nomenclature of woody plants in the State Register of Plant Varieties of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-75
Author(s):  
V. M. Mezhenskyj ◽  
L. O. Mezhenska
Keyword(s):  
Woody Plants ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
The State ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Professional Literature ◽  
State Register ◽  
Code Of Nomenclature ◽  
Plant Names ◽  
Agricultural Literature

The efficiency of plant resources depends on the correct use of plant names. Ukrainian names of plants belonging to the botanical and agrobiological classification are widely used in the scientific agricultural literature, but both of them are not definitively organized. The crop names have long been used in agricultural practice, in particular during the systematization of regionalized plant varieties. During the registration of a variety, the taxon to which it belongs is indicated and the taxon is indicated by this name in the State Register of Plant Varieties suitable for dissemination in Ukraine. The names of plants adopted in the State Register are a mixture of correct and incorrect names, which arose as a result of an unconscious adaptation of the names of agrobiological nomenclature by likening them to the names of botanical taxa. The list of registered varieties belonging to certain taxa, which are grouped by economic use there is in the State Register. Sometimes varieties and taxa are placed in inappropriate groups. Varieties belonging to the same taxon are sometimes denoted by different species names. Obsolete Latin names or their spelling has a deviation from the accepted given for some taxa of woody plants. Some of the botanical taxa are named by crop names. Russified crop names instead of specifically Ukrainian ones occur and the rules of normative transliteration of varietal names are violated. The plant names constructed in the State Register have negative impact on professional literature. They destroy the system of agrobiological nomenclature and contradict the norms of the scientific style of the literary Ukrainian language. The recommendations of the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants should be followed and the «Rules of Plant Nomenclature, Taxonomy, and Cultonomy», designed to regulate Ukrainian plant names to correct these shortcomings, should be applied.

scholarly journals NEW STAGE IN IMPLEMENTATION OF THE NATIONAL PROJECT “ECOLOGY” IN THE RUSSIAN ARCTIC ZONE

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (4/2020) ◽  
pp. 116-126
Author(s):  
G. N. Kharitonova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
National Development ◽  
The State ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
National Project ◽  
Best Available Technologies

Implementation of the national project “Ecology” in the Russian Arctic zone in connection with the current strategic documents on carrying out the state policy in the Arctic until 2035 is analyzed. A special attention is paid to the state environmental management on the basis of the best available technologies and ensuring the balance of interests of economic entities operating facilities with a significant negative impact on the environment. Methodological and organizational inconsistencies in implementing the project with the conceptual provisions of the theory of transition to the best available technologies are considered. In connection with Russia's national development goals until 2030 in the field of environmental safety, the “Strategy of development of the Russian Arctic zone and ensuring national security for the period up to 2035” and the “National Action Plan, ensuring recovery of employment and population incomes, economic growth and long-term structural changes in the economy” measures and mechanisms to achieve a notable positive result in the implementation of the national project are justified and specified. The feasibility of the financial and organizational restructuring of the federal project “Introduction of the best available technologies” and the possibility of implementing its activities as part of other projects of the national project “Ecology” during the period until 2024 is argued.

scholarly journals Problems of implementation of best available technologiesat industrial plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-378
Author(s):  
N. S. Tsarev ◽  
V. I. Aksenov
Keyword(s):  
Steel Industry ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Environment Protection ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Industrial Plants ◽  
Best Available Technologies ◽  
Best Available Technology ◽  
Available Technology ◽  
Technological Indices ◽  
Best Available Technology Bat

After the changes to the Federal law “On environment protection” came into force, the plants having considerable negative impact on environment, including plants of steel industry and non-ferrous metallurgy, from January 1, 2019 have to proceed to implementation of best available technologies. Among the problems, the information and analytical provision of such technologies implementation noticed. Formulation of “complex ecological permission” and “best available technology” (“BAT”) meanings considered. Items of registration considered, including order and terms, specified for BAT receiving, which substitutes the permission for emission of contaminants intoatmosphere, limits for contaminants emission, permission for contaminants discharge into environment, limits for contaminants discharge, norms for wastes formation and limits for their allocation. A list of supporting actions at implementation of measures on environment protection quoted, including state support ofactivity on BAT implementation and other measures decreasing negative impact on environment. Bureau of BAT elaborated information and technical reference books on BATs, which are available at internet-site http://burondt.ru/index/its-ndt.html. For steel industry and related industries list of the reference books on BATs recommended for familiarization. A reference to an electron resource, containing “List of main technological equipment, used at implementation of best available technologies” quoted. The document approved by the RF Government’ decree. Problems considered, related to BAT implementation, including absence of approved technological indices of BAT and incompleteness of list of equipment recommended for implementation.

The Project of the Bioenergetic Agroecosystems Science Park

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
O. Kozachenko
Keyword(s):  
Social Issues ◽  
State Level ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Financial Economic ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
The State ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Science Park ◽  
Research Results

A great number of novel Ukrainian technologies are used by industrial and commercial structures with the vio- lation of intellectual property rights of their authors. There are about 10 managers per one promising scientifi c idea in the developed countries, while this proportion is inverse for Ukraine: on average there is one manager per ten ideas. As a result less than 4 % of Ukrainian enterprises are active innovation-wise and over 80 % of scientifi c and technical products are non-demanded. This situation is conditioned by the development specifi ci- ties of the domestic market economy, based on trade and fi nancial transactions instead of research intensity of the production. The current state of things does not meet the requirements of the innovation-driven growth and makes wide use of modern scientifi c achievement in the agriculture impossible. Aim. To study current prob- lems of introducing the promising technological solutions into the agriculture. To recommend the mechanism of transferring scientifi c research results into production using the example of Bioenergetic Agroecosystems pilot project. To suggest the scheme of coordinating the interests of economic entities while introducing scien- tifi c research results into the production. Methods. The following approaches were used to achieve the above- mentioned aims: abstract and logical method, synthesis, analysis, and induction methods. Results. Financial, economic, and legal aspects of the innovation market were considered. Based on the domestic and foreign ana- logues of establishing the existing science parks, the mechanism of transferring scientifi c research and devel- opment in the agrarian science into production was presented. The Bioenergetic Agroecosystems pilot project was used to suggest the industrial and organizational structure of the science park. The scheme of coordinating the interests of scientifi c research institutions, the agricultural producers and the state in the development of the market of innovation products in the agrarian sector of economy was elaborated. Conclusions. The realization of novel scientifi c decisions in the production should be provided by the following means: operating mecha- nisms of their stimulation on the state level, the improvement in the qualifi cation level of scientists towards the transfer of scientifi c research and development and the elaboration of the communication infrastructure in the information support of the industry. The creation of a science park is the way of uniting the scientifi c and industrial potential into the single system of effi cient ecological land use and the example of solving economic, ecological and social issues.

ALFALFA VARIETIES ZONED IN THE CENTRAL CHERNOZEM ZONE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Galina Stepanova
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
The State ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
State Register ◽  
Independent Evaluation ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Alfalfa Varieties ◽  
Central Chernozem

The article describes the main morphological and biological features of alfalfa varieties included in the State register of breeding achievements approved for use in the Central Chernozem zone of Russia. A total of 32 alfalfa varieties are included in the State register. This is 9 varieties of blue alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. subsp. Sativa) of domestic selection and 8 foreign, 11 varieties of variable alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. nothosubsp. varia (Martyn) Arcang.) domestic selection and 1 variety of foreign and 3 varieties of yellow alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. subsp. falcata (L.) Arcang.). It shows the average and maximum yield of varieties determined in the process of state variety testing, as well as independent evaluation in research institutions in the region. Varieties of blue alfalfa of domestic selection Kevsala, Elena, Satellite, Vavilovskaya Yubileynaya were the most productive. The average yield of dry matter of these varieties reaches 8.4–9.2 t/ha, the maximum — 15.3–17.7 t/ha. Alfalfa varieties Timbale and Galaxy were the most productive among foreign varieties: the average yield of dry matter was 8.1 and 8.3 t/ha, the maximum – 15.5 and 17.2 t/ha. Varieties of alfalfa variable Vitalina and Vela provided an average yield of dry matter of 7.6 and 9.0 t/ha, the maximum yield reached 15.4 and 18.1 t/ha.

The issue of radioactive contamination in context of ecosystem services development

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 48-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Chobotko ◽  
L. Raychuk ◽  
I. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
The State ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Type Region ◽  
State Register ◽  
Agrarian Policy ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Radiation Contamination ◽  
Logical Research

The aim of the article was to defi ne the role of the radioactive environment contamination in the formation of ecosystem services strategy. Methods. Monographic, systemic and structural, factor analysis, abstract and logical research methods have been used. The data from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, the Ministry of Agrarian Policy and Food of Ukraine, the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources of Ukraine, materials of scientifi c researches, international materials and reports and other literary sources on the issues investigated have been used as an information base. Results. Retrospective analysis of sources and state of radioactive eco- systems contamination was conducted and the priority steps in developing the concept of ecosystem services in conditions of radiation contamination were found. Conclusions. The current socio-ecological paradigm of the transition from environmental use to environmental management should be refl ected in the relevant envi- ronmental management mechanisms. Currently, when assessing the state of ecosystem services in Ukraine and worldwide one must take into account the changes in food demand of residents of radioactively contaminated areas, the exploitation of radioactively safe ecosystems growth, their overload and degradation. All of this re- quires an inventory of ecosystem services by type, region, consumers, etc. and the formation of a state register of ecosystem services with a clear assignment of area of responsibility for appropriate natural ecosystems. This will help to make the economic evaluation of different ecosystem services and mechanisms of charges for ecosystem services.

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