The Project of the Bioenergetic Agroecosystems Science Park

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
O. Kozachenko
Keyword(s):  
Social Issues ◽  
State Level ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Financial Economic ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
The State ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Science Park ◽  
Research Results

A great number of novel Ukrainian technologies are used by industrial and commercial structures with the vio- lation of intellectual property rights of their authors. There are about 10 managers per one promising scientifi c idea in the developed countries, while this proportion is inverse for Ukraine: on average there is one manager per ten ideas. As a result less than 4 % of Ukrainian enterprises are active innovation-wise and over 80 % of scientifi c and technical products are non-demanded. This situation is conditioned by the development specifi ci- ties of the domestic market economy, based on trade and fi nancial transactions instead of research intensity of the production. The current state of things does not meet the requirements of the innovation-driven growth and makes wide use of modern scientifi c achievement in the agriculture impossible. Aim. To study current prob- lems of introducing the promising technological solutions into the agriculture. To recommend the mechanism of transferring scientifi c research results into production using the example of Bioenergetic Agroecosystems pilot project. To suggest the scheme of coordinating the interests of economic entities while introducing scien- tifi c research results into the production. Methods. The following approaches were used to achieve the above- mentioned aims: abstract and logical method, synthesis, analysis, and induction methods. Results. Financial, economic, and legal aspects of the innovation market were considered. Based on the domestic and foreign ana- logues of establishing the existing science parks, the mechanism of transferring scientifi c research and devel- opment in the agrarian science into production was presented. The Bioenergetic Agroecosystems pilot project was used to suggest the industrial and organizational structure of the science park. The scheme of coordinating the interests of scientifi c research institutions, the agricultural producers and the state in the development of the market of innovation products in the agrarian sector of economy was elaborated. Conclusions. The realization of novel scientifi c decisions in the production should be provided by the following means: operating mecha- nisms of their stimulation on the state level, the improvement in the qualifi cation level of scientists towards the transfer of scientifi c research and development and the elaboration of the communication infrastructure in the information support of the industry. The creation of a science park is the way of uniting the scientifi c and industrial potential into the single system of effi cient ecological land use and the example of solving economic, ecological and social issues.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF DEVELOPMENT AND FUNCTIONING OF SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED BUSINESS IN CONDITIONS OF INTENSIFICATION OF GLOBALIZATION PROCESSES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliia Stashenko ◽  
Oleksandr Gavrylovskyi
Keyword(s):  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Technical Information ◽  
State Level ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Financial Economic ◽  
The State ◽  
Special Support ◽  
Special Programs ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Favorable Conditions

The article considers the essence and evolution of small and medium enterprises, identifies the levels and mechanisms of support for small and medium enterprises, explores the tools to support small and medium enterprises, substantiates institutional measures to ensure the priority of support for small and medium enterprises. It is investigated that in many developed countries the main purpose of supporting small and medium enterprises is not to directly subsidize enterprises or provide them with financial resources, but to create favorable conditions for comfortable functioning of small and medium enterprises and facilitate access of small and medium enterprises to borrowed resources (primarily through the implementation of warranty programs). In the countries with the most developed level of small and medium-sized enterprises, regulatory practices are minimized: the system of regulation of small and medium-sized enterprises is simplified and the norms imposed on small and medium-sized businesses, both in the manufacturing and trade sectors, are revised. It is substantiated that support for small and medium-sized businesses in Europe is provided at the regional, national and supranational levels. The policy of supporting entrepreneurship in Europe is implemented through the activities of states and through special programs implemented under the auspices of the EU. At the state level, business support in many European countries is carried out through the development and implementation of targeted programs of financial, economic, personnel, technical, information assistance to small and medium-sized businesses. Most states create special reserves to support small and medium-sized businesses through subsidies, soft loans, grants, and so on. Along with creating favorable conditions for the functioning of small and medium-sized businesses, the state develops special support programs aimed at ensuring equal development of all regions. All EU countries help small and medium-sized businesses to access sources of funding, using a variety of levers. In particular, some countries, such as the Netherlands, provide loan guarantees.

scholarly journals Rates of Return to Agricultural Research and Extension in the Southern Region

1979 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred C. White ◽  
Joseph Havlicek
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
State Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Economic Study ◽  
Rates Of Return ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Interregional Transfers ◽  
Research Investment ◽  
Research Expenditures

The interregional transfer of agricultural research results has long been recognized by sociologists and economists [10, pp. 524–526]. The first major economic study in this area was reported in 1957 by Griliches [7]. However, many economists have failed to account for this type of transfer in estimating rates of return for agricultural research investment at the state level. A possible explanation for the failure to account for this transfer is that many analyses at the state level are modeled after national studies. Though researchers estimating a national rate of return may not feel a need to account for interregional transfers, these transfers clearly cannot be ignored at the state or regional levels. Latimer and Paarlberg [9] and Bauer and Hancock [2] estimated aggregate production functions for states and had difficulty finding a statistically significant relationship between research expenditures within the state and agricultural output. Bauer and Hancock finally estimated a lagged relationship that is in conflict with other conceptual and empirical models. Latimer and Paarlberg concluded that research is so pervasive that there are no measurable differences in levels of farm income attributable to differences in research inputs by states [9, p. 239]. More recently, Bredahl and Peterson [3] examined the differences in rates of return to cash crops, dairy, poultry, and livestock research among states. These estimates are appropriate if agricultural research results are limited by state boundaries. The interregional transfer of agricultural research results needs to be taken into account in estimating the returns to agricultural research at a regional level.

Peak Car Travel in the United States: Two-Decade-Long Phenomenon at the State Level

2015 ◽  
Vol 2531 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Garceau ◽  
Carol Atkinson-Palombo ◽  
Norman Garrick
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
State Level ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
National Scale ◽  
Peak Car ◽  
Car Travel

Peak car travel is an international phenomenon that became evident in the United States on a national scale in 2004. Potentially related to peak car travel is the decoupling of economic growth from driving levels. A wealth of research has addressed these phenomena on a national scale in the United States and other developed countries. Yet few studies have been undertaken on other geographic scales, especially the statewide scale in the United States. This study investigated U.S. state-level driving and economic patterns from 1980 to 2011 to understand occurring changes. The research results showed that peak car travel first occurred at the state level as early as 1992 in Washington State, whereas another 10 states peaked in 2000. By 2011, 48 of the 50 states had peaked. The longevity of this phenomenon at the state level provided evidence that peak car travel in the United States was a more permanent phenomenon than previously thought. In addition, the decoupling of economic growth from driving was evident at the state level. In the 1980s, these indicators were positively correlated at the state level. A significant change occurred by the 2000s, however, when any significant connection ceased for most states. For four of the earliest peak car travel states, the relationship between economic growth and driving turned negative. This finding showed that decreases in driving were not associated with negative economic consequences. Rather, in several states, driving reductions were now associated with increased, rather than decreased, economic growth.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF STATE SUPPORT EFFECTIVENESS FOR HIGH-TECH INDUSTRIES

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-56
Author(s):  
I. V. Milkina ◽  
S. V. Lits
Keyword(s):  
State Level ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The State ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Domestic Economy ◽  
State Support ◽  
Support Measures ◽  
Civil Sphere ◽  
The Usa ◽  
High Technologies

The issue of the effectiveness of state support for sectors of the domestic economy, engaged in the development and production of products using high technologies, has been considered. Вased on the analysis of indicators characterizing the effectiveness of state support measures in this area, the conclusion has been made about the lack of effectiveness of this activity. It also has been concluded, that measures to support the domestic economy sectors related to its high-tech segment by the state are insufficient, which leads to backwardness of Russia behind the leading economically developed countries (the USA, Japan, Germany) in the development of high-tech industries of the civil sphere. This situation requires the adoption of measures to support and develop the high-tech segment of the domestic economy at the state level. The condition for increasing the effectiveness of measures of state support for the high-tech complex is to increase allocations for R&D in those industries whose products are able to compete with or surpass similar foreign models on an equal basis.

scholarly journals Improvement of the Regulatory Framework of Regulation of Transnational Business in Azerbaijan

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1369-1379
Author(s):  
Muslumat Allahverdiyeva, Sekine Huseynova, Matanat Dadashova
Keyword(s):  
Trade Unions ◽  
State Level ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Science ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Business Regulation ◽  
Production Sharing ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Negative Impacts

Though formation of the transnational business is based on common principles, this process appears in a specific form in various countries. Transnational business is different depending on the structure of the economy, the level of socio-economic development, organizational and management structure, national-ethnic characteristics, and the level of development of the state in various countries. At the same time, creating and justifying the fact that big, fast-growing and concentrated national companies are ranked in the rankings as TNB (transnational business) is one of the issues within the interest of state and economic science. Upon the Contract of the Century signed in September 1994, Azerbaijan has subsequently signed the production sharing agreements (PSAs) on “Garabakh”, “Dan ulduzu” and “Ashrafi” fields. The biggest TNBs, such as BP, Amoko, Penzoil and Unocal, have their share in oil fields from Azerbaijan. Up to 70% of all investments in the Azerbaijani economy are invested in the oil industry, about 80% of which is imposed by the foreign TNBs. This figure indicates that the TNB has a great role in the economy of Azerbaijan. TNB has both positive and negative impacts on the economy of Azerbaijan. As Azerbaijan’s transnational business develops, various problems also arise. For instance, the problems between the TNB and the Azerbaijan Trade Unions Department, the problems between Britis Petrolium and the Azerbaijan Government, etc. The problems they face with the host countries have begun to show itself in Azerbaijan too. Transnational business regulation is a very urgent issue over the world. The scientists have increasingly investigated the legal aspects of the TNB regulation. This article is dedicated to the actions that are being taken and important to be taken to regulate transnational business at the state level in the Republic of Azerbaijan, and the regulation methodology is proposed.

scholarly journals Legal bases of electronic declaration of incomes and expenses of civil servants in Ukraine and the developed countries of the world

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
V.V. Mirgorod-Karpova ◽  
O.S. Bezvin
Keyword(s):  
Effective Means ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
The State ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Ambiguous Situation ◽  
The World ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Full Force ◽  
The Stability

The article is devoted to defining the legal aspects of electronic declaration of civil servants as the main mechanism which is one of the most effective means of combating corruption not only in Ukraine but also in developed countries. The main internal problem of Ukraine, which is mentioned in various contexts, is corruption. One of the most effective methods of preventing corruption in the civil service is to strengthen measures of financial and other control of persons authorized to perform state and other functions equated to them. Electronic declaration is one of the most important tools for ensuring public accountability and trust in employees, on which depends the stability of the political system and the development of the state. It is a mechanism of cohesion between the state and civil society, which, despite all its positive aspects, definitely needs serious changes. Currently, electronic declaration in Ukraine is in an ambiguous situation. It is very common for officials to hide their uncontrollable income from society and the state, allow themselves to spend huge sums on vacations abroad that ordinary citizens can only dream of, pay their children to study at the best universities in the world, they can be seen every month at new cars. And this is just the tip of the iceberg. However, we cannot keep track of this information in the declarations, because the officials do not declare it "in full force" and are not even afraid of responsibility for their illegal actions. At the same time, we do not know where employees take so much money, because living on a single salary, their luxurious life would be impossible. But given that Ukraine seeks to become a democratic and civilized state, an integral part of it should be a refined and improved system of electronic declaration of income and expenditure, which will allow our country to eradicate corruption.

scholarly journals TRANSFORMATION OF THE PURPOSE AND MISSION OF FINANCIAL REPORTING IN CURRENT CONDITIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-6
Author(s):  
H.Iu Anishchenko
Keyword(s):  
Information Flow ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
State Level ◽  
Financial Economic ◽  
The State ◽  
Managerial Decisions ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Reporting Entity

The article substantiates the necessity of changing at the state level standard approaches to the main forms of financial reporting. The problematic issues of the data reflection on the results of the activities of economic entities are outlined and the main directions of the expansion of the information flow for the implementation of economic assessments and the adoption of managerial decisions are stated. Taking into account these proposals will extend the use of financial reporting to establish business reputation as a general integrative criterion for assessing the financial, economic, social, environmental and other state of affairs of the reporting entity

scholarly journals O ENSINO RELIGIOSO NA REDE ESTADUAL DE EDUCAÇÃO DO AMAZONAS: PRIMEIRAS OBSERVAÇÕES EM UM CAMPO NOVO

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Manoel Vitor BARBOSA NETO (UEPA)
Keyword(s):  
Religious Education ◽  
National Level ◽  
State Level ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
The State ◽  
National Council ◽  
Normative Documents ◽  
State Education ◽  
Education Network ◽  
Amazonas State

Este artigo, configura-se como um trabalho preliminar acerca da oferta do Ensino Religioso no Estado do Amazonas e debruçou-se sobre os aspectos legais da disciplina a nível nacional e estadual. Para a produção do mesmo consultei os documentos de caráter normativo ligados a esta disciplina a nível estadual, comparando-os a legislação nacional e outros documentos relacionados a fim de encontrar convergências e divergências entre eles. Nesse processo de aproximação, percebe-se que o Ensino Religioso no Amazonas retrocedeu na forma de admissão de professores em relação as discussões travadas a nível nacional e que ficou ainda mais discrepante com o recente parecer do Conselho Nacional de Educação que estabelece a Licenciatura em Ciência(s) da(s) Religião(ões) como a formação do professor de Ensino Religioso no Brasil.Palavras-Chave: Ensino Religioso. Amazonas. Lesgislação.RELIGIOUS TEACHING IN THE AMAZONAS STATE EDUCATION NETWORK: FIRST OBSERVATIONS IN A NEW FIELDThis article is configured as a preliminary work on the provision of Religious Education in the State of Amazonas and focused on the legal aspects of the discipline at national and state level. For its production, I consulted the normative documents related to this discipline at the state level, comparing them to national legislation and other related documents in order to find convergences and divergences between them. In this process of approximation, it can be seen that Religious Education in Amazonas went back in the form of admission of teachers in relation to the discussions held at the national level and that it was even more inconsistent with the recent opinion of the National Council of Education establishing the Degree in Science (s) of Religion (s) as the formation of the teacher of Religious Education in Brazil.Keywords: Religious Education. Amazonas. Legislation.

scholarly journals USING THE WORLD EXPERIENCE OF DEVELOPED COUNTRIES IN THE FORMATION OF DIRECTIONS FOR IMPROVING THE PROCESS OF DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF GOVERNMENT TARGETED PROGRAMS FOR NATURAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 305
Author(s):  
Oksana Senyshyn ◽  
Marta Olikhovska
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The State ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Schematic Model ◽  
Programming System ◽  
Research Results ◽  
State Management

The scientific article deals with the directions of improvement of the process of development and implementation of state targeted programs for protecting the natural environment in Ukraine. In particular, state targeted programs of environmental protection in Ukraine are the subject of this research. Methodology. A set of scientific research methods is used to realize the goals and tasks defined in the scientific article. Namely, the comparative method was used to compare the foreign experience of developed countries in the field of state programming of environmental protection and its adaptation to the conditions of Ukraine; to compare indicators that determine the level of development and implementation of state target programs of environmental protection in Ukraine; economic and statistical method used to investigate the state and trends of the development of the state programming system in Ukraine, to identify the main problems and obstacles related to its functioning; graphic interpretation method made it possible to visualize the principal scheme of management of domestic state target programs of environmental protection; the method of theoretical analysis, systemic and analytical methods, method of generalization, methods of grouping contributed to the identification of the main directions of improvement of the processes of development and implementation of state targeted programs for the protection of the natural environment in Ukraine. Information and reference base of scientific research consists of laws and other legal regulations of Ukraine on environmental protection issues, international documents, analytical and statistical materials of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, reports on the implementation of State target programs for 2010–2016, scientific works of domestic scientists, periodicals, results of the authors’ personal observations. Practical implementation. The authors have summarized their research results on the possibility of using the schematic model of managing the state targeted environmental protection program in Ukraine for the aspects related to creation and functioning of the Coordination Council, led by the program manager. The above mentioned Coordination Council is an advisory (collegial) body that operates on a voluntary basis. It is also substantiated that for Ukraine worthy of attention is the experience of the European Union countries, which radically changed the system of state management of environmental protection, and revised the balance of competence of different levels of government, through systematic improvement and alignment of the mechanisms of environmental management with international legal, normative-methodical and institutional basis of ecological management and ecological safety. The scientific value of research results. In the form of directions for improving the process of development and implementation of state targeted programs for the protection of the natural environment in Ukraine, a set of key recommendations has been proposed for improving the efficiency of functioning of the system of domestic state programming for natural environment protection.

scholarly journals THE SOCIETY NEED IN RATIONAL INTELLECTUAL USE TO PROVIDE FUNCTIONING AND DYNAMIC DEVELOPMENT

2019 ◽  
pp. 116-121
Author(s):  
Petro Babii
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
State Level ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The State ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
New Knowledge

The article deals with the works of domestic scientists who have researched the problems of creation, management and intellectual use. The views of scientists are focused on understanding the management of processes of intellectual use, the study of intellectual resources in the knowledge economy, the study of aspects of valuation of intellectual capital and the influence of factors on its management mechanism, the establishment of the place of intellectual assets in the national innovation system. The purpose of the research is based on the development of ways to manage the process of intellectual use in the domestic knowledge economy. This will maximize the efficiency of the use of individual, corporate and state intellectual capital. It has been established that developed countries implement and implement knowledge management programs that help achieve business efficiency, society and the state. Declining government funding for higher education institutions is hampering the creation of new knowledge, leading to lower revenues for the business sector and budget revenues. State levers in the field of education that can improve its quality and prevent the migration of knowledge are revealed. At the state level, education reforms should be implemented that focus on the quality of the teaching staff of higher education institutions. Illuminated tools for managing knowledge based on innovation and serving as intangible assets. Models characterizing the influence of knowledge on financial and economic activity have been formed. These models reflect the process of exchanging intellectual resources between partners. A cyclic-conectic model of the application of new knowledge for the purpose of their commercialization or capitalization is proposed. It is noted that knowledge as a resource is dual in nature and requires a specific approach to assessment and management. A price-margin model of intellectual use has been developed that includes certain components that affect the size of the margin.

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