scholarly journals Integrasi Tipologi Paradigma Sosiologi George Ritzer dan Margaret M. Poloma

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-147
Author(s):  
Suci Fajarni
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Social Facts ◽  
Social Definition

Sociology as a science has a variety of paradigms born of social scientists. Some of these are the sociology paradigm according to George Ritzer (which consists of a social facts paradigm, a social definition paradigm, a social behavior paradigm), and a sociology paradigm according to Margaret M. Poloma (consisting of a naturalistic / positivistic paradigm, a humanistic / interpretative paradigm, and a paradigm evaluative). This article aims to integrate between the sociology paradigm according to Ritzer and the sociology paradigm according to Poloma through comparative analysis that refers to paradigm elements consisting of ontological, epistemological, methodological, and axiological dimensions Sosiologi sebagai sebuah ilmu memiliki beragam paradigma yang lahir dari para ilmuwan sosial. Beberapa diantaranya adalah tipologi paradigma sosiologi menurut George Ritzer (yang terdiri dari paradigma fakta sosial, paradigma definisi sosial, paradigma perilaku sosial), dan paradigma sosiologi menurut Margaret M. Poloma, (yang terdiri dari paradigma naturalistis/ positivistik, paradigma humanistis/ interpretatif, dan paradigma evaluatif). Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengintegrasikan paradigma sosiologi Ritzer dan paradigma sosiologi Poloma melalui analisis komparatif yang mengacu pada elemen-elemen paradigma yang terdiri dari dimensi ontologis, epistemologis, metodologis, dan aksiologis.

Genes, cognition, and social behavior: Next steps for foundations and researchers

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Lupia
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Political Science ◽  
National Science Foundation ◽  
Scientific Practices ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Unpublished Report ◽  
Summary Statement ◽  
The One ◽  
Scientific Value

Editor's note This well circulated but heretofore unpublished report is the summary statement of an interdisciplinary meeting of scholars convened by the National Science Foundation in Arlington, Virginia on June 28, 2010. The workshop, which was funded by the NSF's Political Science Program (Social, Behavioral & Economic Sciences Grant #1037831), was convened to answer two compelling questions: Are studies of social behavior that build from discoveries about genes and/or cognition of greater social and scientific value than studies of the same topics that ignore such factors? And, how can fundable research on genes, cognition, and politics generate transformative scientific practices, infrastructure, and findings of high social value? Assembled for the workshop were a group of scholars representing diverse yet increasingly connected research areas, including genetics, cognitive science and neuroscience, decision making and risk analysis, economics, political science, and sociology. The resulting report outlines the substantial challenges facing interdisciplinary research but also describes the considerable contributions to knowledge that could result from sustained collaborations between biologists, geneticists, and brain scientists on the one hand and social scientists on the other. Following this main report are three white papers by Jeremy Freese. Elizabeth Hammock, and Rose McDermott, which address importmant considerations related to the discussion. For a download of the full report, see http://www.isr.umich.edu.cps/workshop.Welcome.html.

scholarly journals UNDERSTANDING OF THE BATIK LAWEYAN SOLO CREATOR FOR COPYRIGHT (STUDY OF LAW NUMBER 28 OF 2014 CONCERNING COPYRIGHT)

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 330
Author(s):  
Chandra Adi Mauli
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Symbolic Interaction ◽  
Legal Culture ◽  
Copyright Law ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Mutual Cooperation ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
The Law ◽  
Social Definition

The focus of the discussion in this study is the First Copyright Law as an embodiment of penetration of the legal culture of Western (capitalist) countries with individualistic nuances as positive law. Secondly, the culture of the laws of the local community where the Copyright Law is applied as a living law in society (Living law). The purpose of this paper is to know and explain not the implementation of the law as a positive law (positive law) in this case what is meant is the Copyright Act, in an Indonesian society and the Batik Laweyan craftsmen in particular, so that it is expected to explain why Copyright Law cannot function optimally in Indonesia which is marked by the many violations or piracy of a copyrighted work. The method in this writing is a qualitative method with the Sociological Research approach, while the paradigm used as the basis is the Paradigm of Social Definition with the aim of understanding social behavior through interpretation by explaining the path of development and its consequences according to its causes. Based on the social definition paradigm, the theory used is interactionism theory, which mainly emphasizes sociopsychological perspectives, the main goal of which is the individual in his personal personality and the interaction between internal opinion and one's emotions with social behavior. With the Symbolic Interaction Theory approach, in this study will be able to further reveal the behavior of certain community groups by interacting with existing social behavior. And also with the Phenomenology Theory is that human action becomes a social relationship if humans give a certain meaning or meaning to their actions, and other human beings also understand their actions as appropriate which means that humans are social beings, so that the awareness of daily life is an absolute magnification. As for the study findings it turns out, the Copyright Act in the application in the Laweyan Batik Craftsman community is in conflict with the Javanese legal culture that promotes harmony between neighbors, ewuhpekeweuh, tepasliro, mutual cooperation. If the law of copyright is strictly enforced, it will result in disturbance of neighborly living conditions. Because most Batik Laweyan craftsmen live next to each other even there is still a kinship, so that when it comes to demanding or monopolizing a work, it will lead to neighboring reluctance. They assume that even the art of batik is their property from the property of their ancestors so that anyone can imitate and make it.

A Neo-Marxist Theory of Comparative Analysis

Slavic Review ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 657-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
David T. Cattell
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Comparative Politics ◽  
Marxist Theory ◽  
American Political Science Association ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
The Social ◽  
Communist Countries ◽  
American Political Science ◽  
Science Association

The symposium on “Comparative Politics and Communist Systems” (Slavic Review, March 1967) represents, I believe, a general consensus among social scientists in Slavic studies that the study of Communist countries should be integrated into developments in the social sciences in general. The question is how this should be accomplished. The symposium participants argued for immediate and direct integration through various models such as the developmental or bureaucratic model. Another group, represented by the Communist Studies Conference of the American Political Science Association and the recent Carnegie grant for comparative communism, proposes that comparative communism be considered a major subcategory of comparative analysis. At least in the initial stage, it is reasoned, the various Communist systems should be compared with one another. I would suggest, however, that before either scheme is accepted the net be cast wider for a broader, more flexible organizing device.

Countries versus Disciplines: Comparative Analysis of Post-Soviet Transformations in Academic Publications from Belarus, Russia and Ukraine

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia D. Tregubova ◽  
Marharyta Fabrykant ◽  
Alla Marchenko
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Quantitative Content Analysis ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
Quantitative Content ◽  
Societal Context ◽  
Academic Publications ◽  
Scholarly Attention

The objective of this paper is to outline and compare frameworks for studying post-Soviet transformations developed by social scientists from various disciplines in Belarus, Russia and Ukraine. The objective is realized by means of quantitative content analysis of scholarly articles’ abstracts in ninety-four journals in eight (inter)disciplinary fields that covers the period of 2001-2015. This paper seeks to answer the question whether differences in the studies of the post-Soviet transformations are defined by country discourse or by the field of study. The research results suggest that there is a two-level mechanism, by which the societal context affects academia, in this case, social sciences and humanities. While general directions of scholarly attention are determined by societal differences, representations of post-Soviet transformations are framed through specific disciplinary lenses that combine both international and post-Soviet features.

scholarly journals Love, Friendship, and Disaffection in Plato and Aristotle: Toward a Pragmatist Analysis of Interpersonal Relationships

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-62
Author(s):  
Robert Prus ◽  
Fatima Camara
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Greek Literature ◽  
Human Relations ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Human Relationships ◽  
Human Association ◽  
Affective Relations

Although much overlooked by social scientists, a considerable amount of the classical Greek literature (circa700-300BCE) revolves around human relationships and, in particular, the matters of friendship, love and disaffection. Providing some of the earliest sustained literature on people's relations with others, the poets Homer (circa 700BCE) and Hesiod (circa 700BCE) not only seem to have stimulated interest in these matters, but also have provided some more implicit, contextual reference points for people embarked on the comparative analysis of human relations. Still, some other Greek authors, most notably including Plato and Aristotle, addressed these topics in explicitly descriptive and pointedly analytical terms. Plato and Aristotle clearly were not of one mind in the ways they approached, or attempted to explain, human relations. Nevertheless, contemporary social scientists may benefit considerably from closer examinations of these sources. Thus, while acknowledging some structuralist theories of attraction (e.g., that similars or opposites attract), the material considered here focus more directly on the problematic, deliberative, enacted, and uneven features of human association. In these respects, Plato and Aristotle may be seen not only to lay the foundations for a pragmatist study of friendship, love, and disaffection, but also to provide some exceptionally valuable materials with which to examine affective relations in more generic, transhistorical terms.

scholarly journals And religious conceptualizations of greed in the writing of Erich Fromm and John Chrysostom

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 01023
Author(s):  
Diana Martynova ◽  
Elena Motovnikova ◽  
Igor Boichuk
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Consumer Culture ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Consumer Attitudes ◽  
Erich Fromm ◽  
Mass Consumption ◽  
Spiritual World ◽  
John Chrysostom

In modern society, which is conceptualized as a society of mass consumption and consumer culture, the discussion about the balance of the positively stimulating role and costs of the consumer attitudes as the basis of social behavior does not stop. The greatest danger of consumerism for a person lies, however, not in the socio-economic, but in the ethical-psychological aspect of a person’s life. This study seeks to clarify in which categories it is possible to achieve a productive understanding of the role of greed in the development of a person’s spiritual world. A comparative analysis of the reasoning of the classics of Christian and atheistic humanistic ethics makes it possible to see the specifics of the anthropological consideration of greed and draw conclusions about the relevance of educational and pedagogical support to people who have taken the path to combat this spiritual ailment.

Comparative Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
Céline C. Cocq ◽  
Ora Szekely
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Small Group ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Case Comparison ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
The Impact

This chapter illustrates comparative analysis, which is simply defined as comparing and contrasting two or more phenomena in order to better understand them. Comparative analysis plays an important role in both academic and policy-related circles and can be useful in many different ways. While in the hard sciences it is possible to conduct experiments under controlled laboratory conditions, this is often impossible in social science. Social scientists must therefore find other ways of isolating and testing the impact of variables and understanding the relationships between them. Accordingly, the goal of comparative analysis is the comparison of phenomena — whether that means comparison within individual cases, among a small group of cases, or the analysis of large amounts of data — to identify key independent variable(s) and establish what link, if any, exists between them and the dependent variable(s). Comparative analysis can also be useful in establishing the nature of that relationship, assessing whether it is necessary, sufficient, or both. Moreover, cross-case comparison allows social scientists to build broad theories that are applicable in different contexts.

Der Niedergang des Strukturfunktionalismus und der Aufstieg paradigmatischer. Alternativen in der Ethnologie

2002 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürg Helbling
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Evolutionary Economics ◽  
Conflict Theory ◽  
Social Facts ◽  
Norms And Values ◽  
Structural Functionalism

AbstractThe paper explores the main paradigmatic failures of structural functionalism in anthropology. Structural functionalism explains institutions and social behavior by their contribution to the reproduction of social structure. Starting from Radcliffe-Brown and Malinowski, who represent two main variants of functionalism in anthropology, its main paradigmatic problems are discussed: its inability to analyze social conflict and change, its reducing of society to norms and values as well as its mode of explaining social facts. These failures are illustrated by two functional theories of tribal wars, by Evans-Pritchard and by Rappaport. Various theoretical alternatives emerge from the decline of functionalism in anthropology. Conflict theory as well as game theory, new institutionalism, theories of collective action and evolutionary economics represent true alternatives. This again is illustrated by a theory of tribal war, explaining cooperation both within local groups and between allies against the background of the warlike social environment in which local groups are interacting.

Evolutionary Logic and Adlerian Social Interest

1982 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-378
Author(s):  
Steven B. Christopher ◽  
Gary Leak
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Social Interest ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Individual Psychology ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Psychological Domain ◽  
The Status ◽  
Human Social Behavior ◽  
Evolutionary Explanations

Evolutionary explanations of human social behavior are increasing in popularity among social scientists. Unfortunately, many psychologists are ill-equipped to argue for or against evolutionary explanations. While numerous examples of inappropriate evolutionary analyses exist, the present article focuses upon one which is a subtle yet profound distortion in the service of maintaining the status quo of individual psychology. We hope our analysis will encourage others to be cautious when applying evolutionary principles to the psychological domain.

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