EVOLUTION OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION IN POST-SOVIET COUNTRIES. THE REPUBLIC OF LATVIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 99-118
Author(s):  
IRINA SENNIKOVA ◽  
◽  
ELINA DUBINSKA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
State Building ◽  
The European Union ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Municipal Administration ◽  
Administrative Reforms ◽  
The Republic ◽  
European Standards ◽  
High Level

The article studies the issues of state formation of the Republic of Latvia after gaining independence. The authors note that Latvia has retained the features of the normative legal regulation of the period of its independence as it was in 1918 and until the country became a part of the USSR. Today, as a member of the European Union, Latvia is oriented towards modern European standards of state-building. The ongoing administrative reforms are aimed at observing the rights and freedoms of citizens, achieving openness and sustainable development, and introducing digital technologies into state and municipal administration. The authors also note the low involvement of citizens in the processes of state and municipal administration, while municipal authorities maintain a fairly high level of trust among citizens. Analysis and optimization of processes, elimination of duplication of actions among state institutions, as well as reduction of the administrative burden have become an important part of the work of public administration. Also, according to the plan for reforming public administration, the quality and availability of public services for the population are constantly improving.

scholarly journals Corruption in the Balkans as an Obstacle to the Three-Seas-Initiative Overview of Anti-Corruption Institutions in Bulgaria, Croatia, Poland, Romania and Slovenia

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-86
Author(s):  
Paweł Zawadzki ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Current Status ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
The Republic ◽  
European Standards ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Institutional Model ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Sphere Of Influence ◽  
High Level

The aim of this article is to show the high level of corruption offences and the ineffectiveness of the existing legal and institutional solutions in the Balkan states, which are part of the Three-Seas initiative. The effectiveness of the regulations in force in these countries deviates from the standards set by the European Union. This has implications for the success of the Three-Seas-Initiative. The current state of affairs is the result of clashing ideas about the membership of Balkan countries in a particular sphere of influence. The services of the Russian Federation (GRU or SWR) play a significant role in maintaining the current status quo. Observation of corruption offences in the Balkans shows that the bodies set up to investigate corruption offences do not have effective powers to prevent, detect and prosecute such offences. An evaluation of the regulations in force in this area shows that they are ineffective. A solution which would ensure that the Balkans meet European standards on preventing and combating corruption could be theimplementation of the institutional model of the Central Anti-Corruption Bureau in force in the Republic of Poland by reforming the Balkan anti-corruption services.

Evolution of the public administration system. The Republic of Estonia

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 82-118
Author(s):  
YANA TOOM ◽  
◽  
VALENTINA V. KOMLEVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Administration System ◽  
The Public ◽  
Administrative Reforms ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
External Threats ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Republic

The article studies the main stages and features of the evolution of the public administration system in the Republic of Estonia after 1992. This paper presents brief geographical and socio-economic characteristics that largely determine the development of the country’s public administration. The evolution of the institution of the presidency, executive, and legislative powers are considered. The role of parliament and mechanisms for coordinating the interests of different groups of the population for the development of the country is especially emphasized. The authors analyze the state and administrative reforms of recent years, which were aimed at improving the quality of services provided to the population, increasing the competitiveness of different parts of Estonia, as well as optimizing public spending and management structure. The introduction of digital technologies into the sphere of public administration, healthcare, education, and the social sphere is of a notable place. Such phenomena as e-residency, e-federation, and other digital projects are considered. The development of a digital system of interstate interaction between Estonia and Finland made it possible to create the world’s first e-federation, and the digitization of all strategically important information and its transfer to cloud storage speaks of the creation of the world’s first e-residency, a special residence of data outside the country’s borders to ensure digital continuity and statehood in the event of critical malfunctions or external threats.

scholarly journals Financial and legal basis of the activities of the united territorial communities

2021 ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
Ye. Ananieva
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Regional Governance ◽  
Budget Process ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Scientific Discussion ◽  
Modern Economy ◽  
European Standards ◽  
Constituent Elements

Problems of legal regulation of local finances are considered in the works of lawyers, economists, sociologists, public administration specialists, from different positions of their formation, distribution and use in public relations, but in modern conditions of budgetary relations, namely – formation of budgets of united territorial communities, introduction of decentralization in regional governance, administrative reform, orientation of Ukraine to European standards and values of life, the concept of legal regulation of local finances, in particular, budget relations needs to be updated. Scientific publications investigate the problems of defining local finances as a basic basis for local government, which ensures the reproduction of the budget process and the development of regions, their constituent elements and purpose. However, at present the scientific discussion on the legal significance of local finances, their constituent elements, sources of formation and use continues, because in the modern economy a significant part of financial resources is formed and redistributed through budgets, which include budgets of united territorial communities. which, finally, as a legal institution is not defined. The development of local self-government from the standpoint of the government’s proposed decentralization of power provides for the purpose of creating high-quality living conditions for citizens, providing them with the necessary public services, development of material and social base of the region. These tasks are implemented in the presence of appropriate economic development of the territory, its financial support, which depends on the sources of budget and extrabudgetary funds and areas of their use.

scholarly journals Administrative reforms in Eastern Europe: A comparative legal analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (69) ◽  
pp. 814-831
Author(s):  
Stanislav V. Zlyvko ◽  
Valerii A. Bortniak ◽  
Kateryna V. Bortniak ◽  
Iryna P. Storozhuk ◽  
Roman Z. Holobutovskyy
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Efficiency Index ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Administrative Reforms ◽  
Decentralization Reform ◽  
High Level

The objective of the article was to analyze the legal regulation of the decentralization reform in Eastern Europe and its impact on the unemployment rate. Methodologically, statistical analysis, hypothetical-deductive method and correlation were used. It was found that the first stage of the reform of the New Civil Service in Poland, Ukraine, Romania, the Czech Republic, Slovenia, Latvia, and Bulgaria began in 1990, but can be called an informal preparatory stage. It is determined that the process of implementation of administrative reforms is influenced by a series of factors: historical, economic, geographical. It is concluded that there is no positive correlation between the effectiveness of public administration and the effectiveness of local self-government in all the countries studied. The reform of decentralization has been shown to have a negative impact on employment. In addition, it found that Poland is the most stable country among those studied, with a high level of efficiency of local self-government. La more negative correlation between the efficiency index of local self-government and employment, and the most positive correlation between local and unemployment rate.

scholarly journals Administrative and legal supervision of the Veterinary Inspection over food safety in Poland – selected issues

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 23-36
Author(s):  
Ewa Bonusiak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Protective Function ◽  
Health Quality ◽  
Food Market ◽  
High Level

Legal sciences, raising food safety as the subject of research, focus mainly on striving to ensure sufficiently effective legal regulations and the system of bodies controlling and supervising the food market that determine the correct health quality of food. One such body is the Veterinary Inspection. And while it focuses in its tasks mainly on the protection of animal health, it directly and indirectly affects the maintenance of food health requirements. Supervision exercised by the said Inspection plays an important role in ensuring a high level of protection of human life and health, and also protects the economic interests of the consumer. These two goals are basic. Additional objectives are protection of the reliability of commercial transactions, ensuring the free movement of food in the European Union, protection of animal health and living conditions and protection of the environment. They are of particular importance for determining acceptable limits of competences that can be entrusted to public administration bodies, including the said Inspection. The article presents the activities of the Veterinary Inspection to protect food safety and selected executive forms that it uses for this purpose. These types of entities are equipped with such forms of activity because they fulfill a protective function in the public administration system. However, this function implies the obligation to protect many different values desired individually, as well as maintain (ensure) objectively desired states of affairs, phenomena and processes.

Provision of state and municipal services in Russia: the current state and main directions for improving

Servis plus ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Людмила Гаврилова ◽  
Lyudmila Gavrilova
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Unsolved Problem ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Municipal Services ◽  
Administrative Reforms ◽  
Current State ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Services Innovation

In today´s world there is urgency to improving the scope of government (municipal) services, updating their delivery mechanisms by bringing them in line with modern requirements of society, under the influence of the rapidly developing information technology. State policy in Russia in the sphere of state (municipal) services includes a range of activities, the implementation of which aimed at improving the legal regulation of this sector, the introduction of new forms of state (municipal) services, streamlining the organization of supply and improving the quality of the services. These activities are implemented in stages within the framework of state reforms that are going on in Russia for more than a decade. The article analyzes a specific budget measures and administrative reforms in state (municipal) services. The analysis of the concepts "public service" and "public function" within the legal format allowed the author to distinguish between measures to improve the organization of state (municipal) social services provided by the state (municipal) institutions and public services provided directly by state executive bodies ( "administrative " services). For example, in the area of social services the ratio of the planned amount of state (municipal) services and their financial security remain key issues. In order to improve "administrative" services innovation in recentyears are rapidly introduced new forms of delivery of these services, which are key objectives of the possibility of application for state (municipal) services in electronic form, as well as creating a network of institutions authorized for the provision of public ( municipal) "administrative" services — multipurpose centers. However, the general unsolved problem within the scope of public administration (municipal) services is improving their quality and accessibility.

Transforming the Moldovan Prosecution Service: Can the Eyes of the State Become the Voice of the People?

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 491-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Pearson
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Legal Institutions ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Reform Initiatives ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
The People ◽  
Political Interference ◽  
The Republic ◽  
European Standards ◽  
The Voice

The Republic of Moldova yearns for the embrace of the European Union. But before this can happen, Moldova must first transform its legal institutions to approximate European standards. This article focuses on one of Moldova’s most powerful legal institutions, the Office of the Prosecutor General. It asks whether this office can be transformed from a militarized relic of the Soviet past to a modern prosecution service. Many daunting challenges will have to be overcome, including the spectre of political interference; an overly broad mandate; deep seated public mistrust; the corruption entrenched in Moldova’s legal institutions; and the absence of cross-sector justice reform initiatives.

scholarly journals Transparency of the decision-making process during the Coronavirus pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 81-97
Author(s):  
Irina Ciacir ◽  
◽  
Ecaterina Subina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Public ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
Communication Problems ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The Republic

2020 is a year of global change. The spread of the COVID-19 virus was an impetus for transformation. The entire globe confronts impediments hard-to-anticipate, but who endangers people’s life. This article refers to the transparency of the decision-making process in the pandemic period. Also, it is explained the communication problems that can appear in complicated situations between the public administration and the citizen. Both the authorities of the European Union, in general, and of the Republic of Moldova, in particular, encounter social problems, which must be resolved in a very short period. Many decisions must be made promptly and unforeseen. It is important that this process does not affect the quality of public services provided and does not infringe on the rights of citizens. Thus, the decision-making process must be transparent and accessible to citizens

scholarly journals SPECIFICS OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OFEMPLOYEES EXPERT OFFICE OF THE MINISTRY OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS OF UKRAINE

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-240
Author(s):  
О. Solovei
Keyword(s):  
Professional Training ◽  
State Committee ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Internal Affairs ◽  
Specialized Institutions ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Qualitative Performance ◽  
High Level

The peculiarities of professional training of experts of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine experts are considered. The purpose of the article is to highlight the regularities of scientific and methodological training of experts and the qualitative performance of their duties. Forensic expert activity of state and non-state institutions in Ukraine and international practice in this field are analyzed. Judicial expertise in Ukraine is of great importance for the administration of justice. In order to increase the improve of this activity, it is necessary to create the conditions for ensuring a high level of professional training of experts. The expert office of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine is a system of state specialized institutions of forensic examination, which is constantly expanding the range of types of forensic examinations it conducts. The professional training of the experts of the aforementioned office is carried out through training in educational institutions, centers of vocational training of the Ministry of Internal Affairs personnel management and on the job training, as well as in the framework of additional professional training — internships, etc. At the same time, new types of expertise require scientific and methodological elaboration and, accordingly, provision of materials for further use during the examination. Changes in the field of forensic activity in the Republic of Belarus are analyzed, and the State Committee for Forensic Expertise of the Republic of Belarus established in 2013 is responsible for implementing a unified state policy in the field of 0forensic expertise. One of the main indicators of the effectiveness of expert activity is the implementation of science achievements in expert practice, using innovative technologies, distance learning opportunities, etc. Proposed solutions and ways to more fully and objectively prepare an expert, which plays an important role and positively affects the efficiency and effectiveness during work, are offered.

scholarly journals Admistrative and legal tools in the activities of the cabinet of min- isters of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
pp. 229-234
Author(s):  
I.V. Kovbas ◽  
P.I. Krainii ◽  
S.M. Rudan
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
European Standards ◽  
Specific Regulation ◽  
Legal Forms ◽  
And Task

Based on the analysis of normative-legal acts and certain scientific-methodological sources, the article under studies identifies the typical tools, applied by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine in the course of administering its powers. Proper organization and quality legal regulation of the competence, legal forms and methods of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine are of great significance since they affect public relations and the growth of population’s welfare, which is the Cabinet’s main purpose and task. The above considerations require the search for modern democratic and legal approaches to determine the forms of activity of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine. In our opinion, this might be achieved through analyzing various scientific and methodological sources, normative-legal acts on the issue, as well as by means of articulating proposals regarding the improvement of the existing legislation, which in turn, will ensure effective implementation of public policy in Ukraine. The issuance of resolutions and orders of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine is a procedure carried out in a certain sequence. It aims at achieving a clearly defined legal result and requires specific regulation through procedural rules. This procedure is carried out within the framework of two proceedings: a) on the issuance of resolutions and b) on the issuance of orders of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine. In its activities, the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine applies various legal forms, which can be defined as ad-ministrative and legal tools. Therefore, it is essential to bring the legislation of Ukraine in line with the European standards, in particular in terms of normative-legal consolidation of the tools of public administration, with the aim of avoiding the use of such outdated concepts as “forms of governing”, “forms of state governing”, etc.

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