scholarly journals POLA KONSUMSI DAN GAYA HIDUP KAITANNYA DENGAN KEJADIAN PENYAKIT KARDIOVASKULER DI INDONESIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-123
Author(s):  
Yurista Permanasari ◽  
Elisa Diana Julianti
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
National Average ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Smoking Habits ◽  
Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Prevalence ◽  
The Individual

ABSTRACT Cardiovascular disease is the number one cause of death in the world and in Indonesia. Many factors can trigger cardiovascular disease. One of the main causes of cardiovascular disease is an unhealthy lifestyle. This analysis aims to identify lifestyle (food consumption patterns, smoking, and physical activity) in relation to the prevalence of cardiovascular disease in each province in Indonesia. The research design in this analysis is an ecological study with a provincial analysis unit. The study sample in this analysis was a sample of households and adult individuals over the age of 15 that included in the  Individual Food Consumption Survey (SKMI) 2014 and  Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) 2013. Source of the data was the  SKMI 2014 food consumption data and individual data of the  Riskesdas 2013 to obtain 21.283 samples. After verification, editing, and cleaning, 20.183 samples were obtained. The prevalence of cardiovascular disease, namely heart and strok, was grouped into provinces with high prevalence (prevalence above national average) and low prevalence (prevalence below the national average). Data were analyzed to determine the frequency distribution of each variable and to determine the difference between lifestyle variables on the prevalence of the cardiovascular disease. The results of these analysis showed there was no association between smoking habits, physical activity and consumption of macro nutrients, fiber and sodium in cardiovascular disease in provinces with low or high prevalence. Recommendations for looking the relationship between smoking habits, physical activity, and consumption habits with non-communicable diseases preferably in cohort study. Keywords: cardiovascular, consumption patterns, lifestyle     ABSTRAK Penyakit kardiovaskuler menjadi penyebab kematian nomor satu di dunia dan di Indonesia. Banyak faktor yang dapat memicu terjadinya penyakit kardiovaskuler. Salah satu penyebab utama penyakit kardiovaskuler ialah gaya hidup yang tidak sehat (kebiasaan merokok, diet yang tidak sehat, dan kurangnya aktivitas fisik). Analisis ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi gaya hidup (pola konsumsi, merokok, dan aktivitas fisik) kaitannya dengan prevalensi penyakit kardiovaskuler pada tingkat provinsi di Indonesia. Disain penelitian dalam analisis ini adalah studi ekologi dengan unit analisis propinsi. Sampel penelitian adalah sampel rumah tangga dan individu dewasa usia lebih dari 15 tahun yang termasuk ke dalam sampel Survei Konsumsi Makanan Individu (SKMI) 2014 dan Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2013. Data yang digunakan ialah data konsumsi SKMI 2014 dan data individu  Riskesdas 2013 sehingga diperoleh sampel sebanyak 21.283. Setelah dilakukan verifikasi, editing, dan cleaning maka diperoleh 20.183 sampel. Prevalensi penyakit kardiovaskuler, yaitu jantung dan stroke, dikelompokkan menjadi kelompok provinsi dengan prevalensi tinggi (prevalensi di atas rerata nasional) dan prevalensi rendah (prevalensi di bawah rerata nasional). Data dianalisis untuk mengetahui distribusi frekuensi pada setiap variabel dan untuk mengetahui perbedaan antara variabel gaya hidup terhadap kejadian penyakit kardiovaskuler. Hasil analis lanjut menunjukkan tidak ada keterkaitan antara kebiasaan merokok, aktivitas fisik dan konsumsi zat gizi makro, serat dan natrium terhadap kejadian penyakit kardiovaskuler pada tingkat provinsi dengan prevalensi rendah maupun tinggi. Untuk dapat melihat keterkaitan antara kebiasaan merokok, aktivitas fisik, dan kebiasaan konsumsi dengan penyakit tidak menular, maka disarankan data yang diperlukan adalah data dari penelitian yang diikuti seperti kohor. [Penel Gizi Makan 2018, 41(2):113-123] Kata kunci: kardiovaskuler, pola konsumsi, gaya hidup

Abstract P378: Association Between an Ideal Cardiovascular Health (ICH) Profile and Coronary Artery Calcium (CAC) in South Asians: Implications for the Role of Lifestyle Factors in the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in a Minority Population.

Circulation ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 135 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akhil Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Clinical Factors ◽  
The Individual

The goal of this study was to evaluate cross sectionally the association between an ideal cardiovascular risk factor (IRF) profile and the presence and severity of subclinical atherosclerosis measured in the form of coronary artery calcium (CAC) at the El Camino Hospital South Asian Heart Center. We included 515 participants of South Asian origin with no prior history of cardiovascular disease aged 36 to 88 years who underwent CAC measurement. The 2010 Task Force of the American Heart Association (AHA) cutoffs were used to define ideal level of smoking, physical activity, diet, blood pressure, glucose, cholesterol levels, and body mass index (BMI). Participants were categorized according their number of IRFs: 0 to 1 (n = 45, 8.7%), 2 (n = 103, 20%), 3 (n = 144, 28%), 4 (n = 128, 24.9%), 5 (n = 70, 13.6%), and 6 to 7 (n = 25, 4.8%). Compared to individuals with 0 to 1 IRFs, the odds ratio of participants with 6 to 7 IRFs presenting with a CAC >0 was 0.16 (95% CI 0.04-0.69). Moving forward, participants were also categorized according to their number of ideal lifestyle factors (BMI, physical activity, smoking status, and healthy diet) and clinical factors (blood pressure, total cholesterol, and blood sugar). Compared to individuals with 0 ideal lifestyle factors, the odds ratio of participants with all 4 ideal lifestyle factors presenting with a CAC >0 was .12 (95% CI .03-.50). Amongst the individual ideal lifestyle factors though, only non-smoking status, 0.47 (95% CI 0.30-.75), and a BMI <23 kg/m^2, 0.60 (95% CI 0.38-.95), conferred a statistically significant protective effect from having a non-zero CAC score. In contrast, compared to those with 0 ideal clinical factors, the odds ratio of participants with all 3 ideal clinical factors presenting with a CAC >0 was .16 (95% CI .06-.44). That said, amongst the individual ideal clinical factors, normal BP produced the strongest protective effect from having a non-zero CAC score, 0.37 (95% CI 0.25-.57), followed by total cholesterol <200 mg/dL, 0.69 (95% CI 0.44-.90), and blood glucose <100 mg/dL, 0.69 (95% CI 0.47-.90).

scholarly journals Whole-grain food consumption in Singaporean children aged 6–12 years

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia En Neo ◽  
Saihah Binte Mohamed Salleh ◽  
Yun Xuan Toh ◽  
Kesslyn Yan Ling How ◽  
Mervin Tee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Dairy Product ◽  
Whole Grains ◽  
Portion Size ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Whole Grain

AbstractPublic health bodies in many countries are attempting to increase population-wide habitual consumption of whole grains. Limited data on dietary habits exist in Singaporean children. The present study therefore aimed to assess whole grain consumption patterns in Singaporean children and compare these with dietary intake, physical activity and health parameters. Dietary intake (assessed by duplicate, multipass, 24-h food recalls), physical activity (by questionnaire) and anthropometric measurements were collected from a cross-section of 561 Singaporean children aged 6–12 years. Intake of whole grains was evaluated using estimates of portion size and international food composition data. Only 38·3 % of participants reported consuming whole grains during the dietary data collection days. Median intake of whole grains in consumers was 15·3 (interquartile range 5·4–34·8) g/d. The most commonly consumed whole-grain food groups were rice (29·5 %), wholemeal bread (28·9 %) and ready-to-eat breakfast cereals (18·8 %). A significantly lower proportion of Malay children (seven out of fifty-eight; P < 0·0001) consumed whole grains than children of other ethnicities. Only 6 % of all children consumed the amount of whole grains most commonly associated with improved health outcomes (48 g/d). There was no relationship between whole grain consumption patterns and BMI, waist circumference or physical activity but higher whole grain intake was associated with increased fruit, vegetable and dairy product consumption (P < 0·001). These findings demonstrate that consumption of whole grain foods is low at a population level and infrequent in Singaporean children. Future drives to increase whole-grain food consumption in this population are likely to require input from multiple stakeholders.

Attitudes to dietart fats and health: implications for animal production

1986 ◽  
Vol 1986 ◽  
pp. 89-89
Author(s):  
S J Fallows
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Animal Production ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Health Implications ◽  
Average Decrease

The COMA report on “Diet and Cardiovascular Disease“ has stimulated government Initiatives which form the beginnings of a national food and health policy. Recommended changes to food consumption patterns are significant and refer principally to fat Intakes. COMA recommended an average decrease for saturated fatty acids of 25 per cent. The average recommended decrease for total fats is 17% (assuming P:S ratio of diet changes to 0.45) or 25% (If P:S ratio remains 0.23). This advice is of particular relevance to the animal production Industries as animal sources account for 55.3% of total fats in the British diet and 66% of saturated fatty acids. The implications of the COMA panel recommendations for British agriculture have been discussed elsewhere.

Cardiovascular screening of adult/senior competitive athletes

2019 ◽  
pp. 352-358
Author(s):  
Luc Vanhees ◽  
Mats Börjesson
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Cardiac Complications ◽  
Vigorous Exercise ◽  
Competitive Athletes ◽  
Sporting Activities ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Cardiovascular Evaluation

Regular physical activity at moderate to intense intensity provides substantial health benefits. Therefore individuals should be encouraged to increase their level of physical activity. However, acute bouts of moderate to vigorous exercise may induce cardiovascular (CV) complications, such as malignant arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death/arrest (SCD/SCA), in adults and seniors, mainly due to known or occult cardiovascular disease. The rationale for cardiovascular evaluation and screening is to minimize these dangerous cardiac complications and to ensure safe participation in competitive or leisure-time sports. In individuals engaged in moderate to intense leisure-time physical activities or sporting activities, cardiovascular evaluation should be based on theidentification and severity of the underlying cardiovascular disease. The extent of the evaluation should depend on the intended level of physical activity, the habitual level of exercise and the individual risk profile. Several recommendations for screening, evaluation, and eligibility, given by international societies in Europe and the USA, are discussed. For adult/senior competitive athletes, screening should consist of, at least, personal and familial history (including symptoms), clinical examination, resting ECG, and graded maximal exercise testing, with the last of these mainly in subjects with increased CV risk. Depending on the underlying disease or risk, additional examinations may be required.

scholarly journals Barriers, Benefits, and Strategies for Physical Activity in Patients With Schizophrenia

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (10) ◽  
pp. 1467-1479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Rastad ◽  
Cathrin Martin ◽  
Pernilla Åsenlöf
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽  
Personal Support ◽  
Physical Activity Interventions ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
High Prevalence

Background Patients with schizophrenia have a substantially increased risk of cardiovascular disease and premature death compared with the general population. High prevalence of an unhealthy lifestyle contributes to the increased risk in these patients. Patients with schizophrenia are often physically inactive, and there is limited knowledge on the factors, such as barriers and incentives, that can influence physical activity in this patient group. Objective The aim was to study the perception and experience of barriers to and incentives for physical activity in daily living in patients with schizophrenia, as reported by the patients themselves. Design An explorative study applying conventional qualitative content analysis was conducted. Methods A purposeful sample of 20 patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder (13 men, 7 women; 22–63 years of age) registered at 3 psychiatric outpatient clinics in Sweden were interviewed using semistructured interviews. Results The analysis resulted in 3 main themes: (1) barriers—factors that complicate or obstruct physical activity, (2) reward—the motivation for physical activity, and (3) helpful strategies. Limitations The results may not reflect important factors related to physical activity in older patients (&gt;65 years of age), newly diagnosed patients, or inpatients. Conclusions In accordance with patients' perceptions, there may be biopsychosocial determinants of physical activity behavior that are unique for this group of patients. Future studies should investigate whether physical activity interventions for patients with schizophrenia benefit from individual analyses of barriers and reward for physical activity in combination with the use of tailored strategies such as personal support and activity planning.

scholarly journals Relationship between Physical Activities, Stress and Eating Patterns with the Risk of Hipertension in Women in Baiturrahman Community Health Centers Banda Aceh

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 2102-2108
Author(s):  
Etika Sari ◽  
Yusni Yusni ◽  
Said Usman ◽  
Maimun Syukri ◽  
Hanifah Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Family History ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Banda Aceh

The pattern of disease events at this time has experienced a change marked by changes in disease and death that were originally dominated by infectious diseases switch to non-communicable diseases. In the 2018 Riskesdas results the prevalence of hypertension in Aceh increased compared to 2013. Purpose: to find out the factors associated with the incidence of hypertension in women at the Baiturrahman Health Center in Banda Aceh City. Research Methods: This research is a type of quantitative research with cross-sectional study design conducted on 124 samples. Sampling was carried out using the Accidental Sampling technique. Data analysis uses univariate, bivariate and multivariate. Statistical analysis using chi-square and logistic regression. Results: The results showed that there was a significant relationship between family history (p-value = 0.007, OR = 2.8), food consumption patterns (p-value = 0.025, OR = 2.5), obesity status (p-value = 0.046, OR = 2.2), Physical activity (p-value = 0.012, OR = 3.2) and Stress (p-value = 0.017, OR = 2.9) with the incidence of hypertension in women. Multivariate analysis results indicate that family history is a dominant factor in the incidence of hypertension (OR = 4.7). Conclusion: Family history, food consumption patterns, obesity, physical activity and stress are related to the incidence of hypertension and the most dominant factor in the incidence of hypertension in women in the working area of the Baiturrahman Health Center in Banda City is family history of hypertension.

Physiological and Hereditary Hyperbilirubinemia in Athletes: Role in Reducing Efficiency and Correction Methodology

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 386-393
Author(s):  
L. M. Gunina ◽  
◽  
Kazys Mylashyus ◽  
Voitenko V. L. ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Drug Prevention ◽  
The Body ◽  
Erythrocyte Membranes ◽  
Pharmacological Agents ◽  
Bilirubin Metabolism ◽  
The Individual

Under high-intensity loads, the athlete's bodies take place a number of biochemical reactions and physiological processes that can lead to hyperbilirubinemia. The factors that can initiate the onset of this phenomenon include the syndrome of micro-damage muscle, violation of the integrity of erythrocyte membranes, decreased blood pH, malnutrition and increase oxygen demand of the body. Degree of expression of manifestations of physiological bilirubinemia depends on the level of adaptation of the athlete to the physical activities offered. Hyperbilirubinemia in athletes can be one of the components of the deterioration of the functional state, forming the symptoms of endogenous intoxication. The relevance of this problem in sport lies in the relatively low detection rate of hyperbilirubinemia due to the lack of regular screening studies. However, in drawing up a plan of nutritional- metabolic support for training and competitive activity and recovery measures, must not only the individual reaction of the athlete body to physical activity, but also the severity of shifts in the indicators of bilirubin metabolism and their ratio. The article describes the reasons for the increase in bilirubin levels, which can be caused by both the effect of physical activity and by the presence of pathological processes in athletes. The factors influencing the blood serum’s bilirubin content are also highlighted, which include the state of erythrocyte cell membranes and the rate of hemoglobin destruction, the functional state of the liver, the specifics of physical loads and the use of ergogenic pharmacological agents by athletes. Particular accent has been placed on the illumination of hereditary hyperbilirubinemias, which may have been detected at the stage of selection of athletes. The most common phenomenon is Gilbert's syndrome, which occurs in 2-5% of cases in the general population, is characterized in the clinic by a benign flow and is manifested by episodes of jaundice and an increase in total bilirubin content to moderate values due to indirect. The frequency of detection of hyperbilirubinemias in the population of athletes is 4.68%, among which Gilbert's disease accounts for almost half (48.7%). Conclusion. The work highlighted the pathogenesis and diagnostic algorithm of Gilbert's disease, and also emphasized that its drug prevention and correction in athletes to maintain functional and physical fitness should be carried out taking into account anti-doping rules, which requires upon diagnosis timely receipt of a therapeutic exclusion

Physical activity promotion in primary health care in Slovenia

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Graduate Nurses ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
The Family ◽  
Prevention Of Cardiovascular Disease

In Slovenia, the role of general practitioners in counselling physical activity for prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is well recognized. The role of general practitioners in advising healthy lifestyle for individuals who are at risk of developing CVD is formally defined in the National Program for Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, which has been running since 2001. Part of the program is counselling on healthy lifestyle including physical activity, performed in all health centres across the country. First a screening and medical examination is performed. In case of higher risk for CVD (>20%) the physician should give advice on the particular risk factor and direct patients to health-education centres, where they can participate in healthy lifestyle workshops lead by health professionals. Physicians and other health professionals who are involved in the implementation of prevention activities within the program need knowledge and skills that are crucial for successful counselling on healthy lifestyle. The educational program “basic education in health promotion and prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases in primary health care/family medicine” consists of two parts. The first part of the training is open to all health professionals working within the program. The second part is intended for health professionals working in health-education workshops. In the last few years a new family practice model has been introduced and disseminated. Some duties of the family physician, including health promotion and counselling, are being transferred to graduate nurses who become part of the family practice team. This new division of work undoubtedly brings many advantages, both in terms of the work organization, and of high-quality patient care. Nevertheless preventive action cannot be fully passed on to graduate nurses. Careful planning and education are needed to ensure a comprehensive approach in healthy life style counselling.

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