scholarly journals Whole-grain food consumption in Singaporean children aged 6–12 years

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia En Neo ◽  
Saihah Binte Mohamed Salleh ◽  
Yun Xuan Toh ◽  
Kesslyn Yan Ling How ◽  
Mervin Tee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Dairy Product ◽  
Whole Grains ◽  
Portion Size ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Whole Grain

AbstractPublic health bodies in many countries are attempting to increase population-wide habitual consumption of whole grains. Limited data on dietary habits exist in Singaporean children. The present study therefore aimed to assess whole grain consumption patterns in Singaporean children and compare these with dietary intake, physical activity and health parameters. Dietary intake (assessed by duplicate, multipass, 24-h food recalls), physical activity (by questionnaire) and anthropometric measurements were collected from a cross-section of 561 Singaporean children aged 6–12 years. Intake of whole grains was evaluated using estimates of portion size and international food composition data. Only 38·3 % of participants reported consuming whole grains during the dietary data collection days. Median intake of whole grains in consumers was 15·3 (interquartile range 5·4–34·8) g/d. The most commonly consumed whole-grain food groups were rice (29·5 %), wholemeal bread (28·9 %) and ready-to-eat breakfast cereals (18·8 %). A significantly lower proportion of Malay children (seven out of fifty-eight; P < 0·0001) consumed whole grains than children of other ethnicities. Only 6 % of all children consumed the amount of whole grains most commonly associated with improved health outcomes (48 g/d). There was no relationship between whole grain consumption patterns and BMI, waist circumference or physical activity but higher whole grain intake was associated with increased fruit, vegetable and dairy product consumption (P < 0·001). These findings demonstrate that consumption of whole grain foods is low at a population level and infrequent in Singaporean children. Future drives to increase whole-grain food consumption in this population are likely to require input from multiple stakeholders.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Nutrient Intake and Food Consumption among Dutch Toddlers

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1531
Author(s):  
Elly Steenbergen ◽  
Anne Krijger ◽  
Janneke Verkaik-Kloosterman ◽  
Liset E. M. Elstgeest ◽  
Sovianne ter Borg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Milk Products ◽  
Health Council ◽  
Dutch Health

Improving dietary habits at a young age could prevent adverse health outcomes. The aim was to gain insight into the adequacy of the dietary intake of Dutch toddlers, which may provide valuable information for preventive measures. Data obtained from the Dutch National Food Consumption Survey 2012–2016 were used, which included 672 children aged one to three years. Habitual intakes of nutrients were evaluated according to recommendations set by the Dutch Health Council. Specific food groups were evaluated according to the Dutch food-based dietary guidelines. For most nutrients, intakes were estimated to be adequate. High intakes were found for saturated fatty acids, retinol, iodine, copper, zinc, and sodium. No statement could be provided on the adequacy of intakes of alpha-linoleic acids, N-3 fish fatty acids, fiber, and iron. 74% of the toddlers used dietary supplements, and 59% used vitamin D supplements specifically. Total median intakes of vegetables, bread, and milk products were sufficient. Consumption of bread, potatoes and cereals, milk products, fats, and drinks consisted largely of unhealthy products. Consumption of unfavorable products may have been the cause of the observed high and low intakes of several nutrients. Shifting towards a healthier diet that is more in line with the guidelines may positively affect the dietary intake of Dutch toddlers and prevent negative health impacts, also later in life.

scholarly journals Longitudinal trajectories and prevalence of meeting dietary guidelines during the transition from adolescence to young adulthood

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 656-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary J Christoph ◽  
Nicole I Larson ◽  
Megan R Winkler ◽  
Melanie M Wall ◽  
Dianne Neumark-Sztainer
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Whole Grains ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Adjusted Least Squares

ABSTRACT Background Establishing healthy dietary habits during adolescence and young adulthood is critical for long-term health. Objectives This study assessed the prevalence of meeting US Dietary Guidelines and trajectories in dietary intake for 4 MyPlate food groups during the transition from adolescence to young adulthood. Methods Three waves of surveys and food frequency questionnaires were collected as part of Project EAT (Eating and Activity in Teens and Young Adults), a 15-y longitudinal study. Adolescents (n = 1177, 57% female, mean ± SD age 15.0 ± 1.5 y) were recruited in 1998–1999 in Minneapolis-St Paul, Minnesota public schools and were resurveyed twice in young adulthood at mean ± SD ages 25.3 ± 1.5 and 31.1 ± 1.5 y. The prevalence of meeting guidelines for each MyPlate food group was calculated at each time point. Mean daily servings were compared over 5 y in young adulthood through the use of paired t tests. Adjusted least-squares means were calculated to compare dietary intake in young adulthood across quartiles of adolescent intake. Results Adolescents had the highest prevalence of meeting dietary guidelines for fruit (37% for females and 30% for males) and dairy (53% for females and 61% for males); young adults >30 y had the highest prevalence of meeting dietary guidelines for vegetables (19% for females and 8% for males) and whole grains (23% for females and 17% for males). From the mid-twenties to early thirties, vegetable intake increased, whereas dairy intake decreased. Dietary intake generally tracked over time with individuals in the lower quartiles of intake at adolescence generally continuing to have low intake in young adulthood. Conclusions Although the prevalence of meeting dietary guidelines for whole grains and vegetables, and daily servings of vegetables increased with age, improving intake of whole fruit, whole grains, dairy, and vegetables remains key during the transition from adolescence to young adulthood.

scholarly journals Impact of a nutrition award scheme on the food and nutrient intakes of 2- to 4-year-olds attending long day care

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 2634-2642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucinda K Bell ◽  
Gilly A Hendrie ◽  
Jo Hartley ◽  
Rebecca K Golley
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Day Care ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Critical Time ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Long Day ◽  
Award Scheme

AbstractObjectiveEarly childhood settings are promising avenues to intervene to improve children’s nutrition. Previous research has shown that a nutrition award scheme, Start Right – Eat Right (SRER), improves long day care centre policies, menus and eating environments. Whether this translates into improvements in children’s dietary intake is unknown. The present study aimed to determine whether SRER improves children’s food and nutrient intakes.DesignPre–post cohort study.SettingTwenty long day care centres in metropolitan Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.SubjectsChildren aged 2–4 years (n 236 at baseline, n 232 at follow-up).MethodsDietary intake (morning tea, lunch, afternoon tea) was assessed pre- and post-SRER implementation using the plate wastage method. Centre nutrition policies, menus and environments were evaluated as measures of intervention fidelity. Comparisons between baseline and follow-up were made using t tests.ResultsAt follow-up, 80 % of centres were fully compliant with the SRER award criteria, indicating high scheme implementation and adoption. Intake increased for all core food groups (range: 0·2–0·4 servings/d, P<0·001) except for vegetable intake. Energy intake increased and improvements in intakes of eleven out of the nineteen nutrients evaluated were observed.ConclusionsSRER is effective in improving children’s food and nutrient intakes at a critical time point when dietary habits and preferences are established and can inform future public health nutrition interventions in this setting.

scholarly journals Applying Machine-Learning to Human Gastrointestinal Microbial Species to Predict Dietary Intake (P20-040-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Shinn ◽  
Yutong Li ◽  
Ruoqing Zhu ◽  
Aditya Mansharamani ◽  
Loretta Auvil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Random Forest ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Predictive Accuracy ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Whole Grains ◽  
Classification Error ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Model Accuracy ◽  
Food And Agriculture

Abstract Objectives To better understand host-microbe interactions, a more computationally intensive, multivariate, machine learning approach must be utilized. Accordingly, we aimed to identify biomarkers with high predictive accuracy for dietary intake. Methods Data were aggregated from five randomized, controlled, feeding studies in adults (n = 199) that provided avocados, almonds, broccoli, walnuts, or whole grain oats and whole grain barley. Fecal samples were collected during treatment and control periods for each study for DNA extraction. Subsequently, the 16S rRNA gene (V4 region) was amplified and sequenced. Sequence data were analyzed using DADA2 and QIIME2. Marginal screening using the Kruskal-Wallis test was performed on all species-level taxa to examine the differences between each of the 6 treatment groups and respective control groups. The top 20 species from each diet were selected and pooled together for multiclass classification using random forest. The resultant bacterial species were further decreased in a stepwise fashion and iteratively analyzed with the variable importance generated from random forest to determine a compact feature set with a minor loss of accuracy in the prediction of food consumed. Result When all six foods were analyzed together using the top 20 species of each diet, oats and barley were frequently confused for each other, with 44% and 47% classification error, respectively, and the overall model accuracy was 66%. Collapsing oats and barley into one category, whole grains, reduced the classification error of the whole grain category to 6% and improved the overall model accuracy to 73%. Refitting the random forest with the top 30, 20, and 10 important species resulted in correct identification of the 5 foods (avocados, almonds, broccoli, walnuts, and whole grains) 75%, 74%, and 70% of the time, respectively. Conclusions These results reveal promise in accurately predicting foods consumed using bacterial species as biomarkers. Ongoing analyses include incorporation of metagenomic and metabolomic data into the models to improve predictive accuracy and utilize the multi-omics dataset to predict health status. Long-term, these approaches may inform diet-microbiota-tailored recommendations. Funding Sources This research was funded by The Foundation for Food and Agriculture Research, USDA, Hass Avocado Board, and USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Hatch project 1009249.

scholarly journals Patterns of food consumption among vegetarians and non-vegetarians

2014 ◽  
Vol 112 (10) ◽  
pp. 1644-1653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Orlich ◽  
Karen Jaceldo-Siegl ◽  
Joan Sabaté ◽  
Jing Fan ◽  
Pramil N. Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Vegetarian Diets

Vegetarian dietary patterns have been reported to be associated with a number of favourable health outcomes in epidemiological studies, including the Adventist Health Study 2 (AHS-2). Such dietary patterns may vary and need further characterisation regarding foods consumed. The aims of the present study were to characterise and compare the food consumption patterns of several vegetarian and non-vegetarian diets. Dietary intake was measured using an FFQ among more than 89 000 members of the AHS-2 cohort. Vegetarian dietary patterns were defined a priori, based on the absence of certain animal foods in the diet. Foods were categorised into fifty-eight minor food groups comprising seventeen major food groups. The adjusted mean consumption of each food group for the vegetarian dietary patterns was compared with that for the non-vegetarian dietary pattern. Mean consumption was found to differ significantly across the dietary patterns for all food groups. Increased consumption of many plant foods including fruits, vegetables, avocados, non-fried potatoes, whole grains, legumes, soya foods, nuts and seeds was observed among vegetarians. Conversely, reduced consumption of meats, dairy products, eggs, refined grains, added fats, sweets, snack foods and non-water beverages was observed among vegetarians. Thus, although vegetarian dietary patterns in the AHS-2 have been defined based on the absence of animal foods in the diet, they differ greatly with respect to the consumption of many other food groups. These differences in food consumption patterns may be important in helping to explain the association of vegetarian diets with several important health outcomes.

scholarly journals The development and evaluation of a novel computer program to assess previous-day dietary and physical activity behaviours in school children: The Synchronised Nutrition and Activity ProgramTM (SNAPTM)

2008 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 1266-1274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen J. Moore ◽  
Louisa J. Ells ◽  
Sally A. McLure ◽  
Sean Crooks ◽  
David Cumbor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Substantial Contribution ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Food Groups

Self-report recall questionnaires used to measure physical activity and dietary intake in children can be labour intensive and monotonous and tend to focus on either dietary intake or physical activity. The web-based software, Synchronised Nutrition and Activity ProgramTM (SNAPTM), was developed to produce a novel, simple, quick and engaging method of assessing energy balance-related behaviours at a population level, combining principles from new and existing 24 h recall methodologies, set within a user-friendly interface. Dietary intake was measured using counts for twenty-one food groups and physical activity levels were measured in min of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). A combination of the mean difference between methods, type II regression and non-parametric limits of agreement techniques were used to examine the accuracy and precision of SNAPTM. Method comparison analyses demonstrated a good agreement for both dietary intake and physical activity behaviours. For dietary variables, accuracy of SNAPTM (mean difference) was within ± 1 count for the majority of food groups. The proportion of the sample with between-method agreement within ± 1 count ranged from 0·40 to 0·99. For min of MVPA, there was no substantial fixed or proportional bias, and a mean difference between methods (SNAPTM – accelerometry) of − 9 min. SNAPTM provides a quick, accurate, low-burden, cost-effective and engaging method of assessing energy balance behaviours at a population level. Tools such as SNAPTM, which exploit the popularity, privacy and engagement of the computer interface, and linkages with other datasets, could make a substantial contribution to future public health monitoring and research.

scholarly journals Diet and Lifestyle Changes During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Ibero-American Countries: Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, Peru, and Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar G. Enriquez-Martinez ◽  
Marcia C. T. Martins ◽  
Taisa S. S. Pereira ◽  
Sandaly O. S. Pacheco ◽  
Fabio J. Pacheco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eating Pattern ◽  
Diet And Lifestyle

This study aimed to evaluate changes in dietary and lifestyle habits during the period of confinement due to the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ibero-American countries. A cross-sectional investigation was conducted with 6,325 participants of both genders (68% women), over 18 years of age and from five countries: Brazil (N = 2,171), Argentina (N = 1,111), Peru (N = 1,174), Mexico (N = 686), and Spain (N = 1,183). Data were collected during the year 2020, between April 01 and June 30 in Spain and between July 13 and September 26, in the other countries studied using a self-administered online survey designed for the assessment of sociodemographic, employment, physical activity, health status, and dietary habits changes. Most participants (61.6%), mainly those from Spain, remained constant, without improving or worsening their pattern of food consumption. Among those who changed, a pattern of better eating choices prevailed (22.7%) in comparison with those who changed toward less healthy choices (15.7%). Argentina and Brazil showed the highest proportion of changes toward a healthier pattern of food consumption. Peruvians and Mexicans were less likely to make healthy changes in food consumption (OR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.4–0.6 and OR: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.4–0.8, respectively), when compared to Argentinians. Most respondents did not change their pattern of meal consumption, but those who did reduced their consumption of main meals and increased intake of small meals and snacks. Although most participants affirmed to be doing physical activity at home, about one-half reported perception of weight gain. Individuals with alterations in sleep pattern (either by increasing or decreasing sleep time) were more likely to change their diets to a healthier pattern. In contrast, individuals with confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 and those who reported feeling anxious were more likely to perform changes to a less healthy eating pattern (OR: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.2–2.3 and OR: 1.21; 95% CI: 1.1–1.4, respectively). In conclusion, although most participants remained constant in their eating habits, lifestyle changes and anxiety feelings were reported. Among those who changed patterns of food consumption, healthier choices prevailed, with differences between countries. However, there were alterations in the distribution of meals, with higher consumption of snacks and small meals. These results can be used to guide policies to prevent deleterious consequences that may affect the incidence of chronic diseases.

scholarly journals ANALISIS POLA KONSUMSI PANGAN DI PROPINSI SULAWESI UTARA

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Gabriel Herald Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Ideal

ANALISIS POLA KONSUMSI PANGAN DI PROPINSI SULAWESI UTARA ABSTRAKKeragaman pola konsumsi pangan masyarakat pada masing-masing daerah berbeda-beda, tergantung dari potensi daerah dan struktur budaya masyarakat. Pola konsumsi masyarakat Indonesia umumnya masih didominasi oleh padi-padian terutama beras, dan sebagai upaya untuk mengurangi ketergantungan masyarakat pada beras maka perlu menggali potensi lokal yang berbasis non beras untuk memenuhi kebutuhan.Penelitian bertujuan  menganalisis kontribusi konsumsi energi dan protein dari berbagai kelompok pangan, menganalisis proporsi sumbangan energi dari beras terhadap total konsumsi energy, dan menganalisis hubungan antara aspek sosial ekonomi keluarga terhadap keaneka ragaman konsumsi pangan (skor PPH).Tingkat konsumsi pangan dikumpulkan dengan metode Recall kemudian dikonversikan dengan ke dalam bentuk zat gizi dengan menggunakan Daftar Komposisi Bahan Makanan (DKBM). Data primer yang lain juga dikumpulkan melalui wawancara langsung dengan informan menggunakan  alat bantu kuesioner secara terstruktur. Data sekunder diperoleh dari dari dokumen, laporan, catatan resmi dari instansi terkait sesuai dengan jenis data yang diperlukan.  Diperoleh   konsumsi pangan masyarakat Sulawesi Utara berada diatas Angka Kecukupan Energi Ideal sebesar 2.000 kkal/kapita/hari, yakni sebesar 2.021 kkal perkapita perhari., termasuk dalam kategori normal(90-<120%AKE/G), sedangkan Angka Kecukupan Protein mencapai 110,5% yakni 57,5 g/kapita/hari  berada diatas angka rata-rata nasional 50,1 g/kapita/hari. Kelompok Pangan padi-padian menyumbangkan energi paling besar yaitu 1166,9 kkal perkapita per hari  (58,3 % dari angka kecukupan energi), diikuti Minyak dan Lemak 256,8 kkal ( 12,8 %), Pangan Hewani 212,9 kkal (10,6 %), sayur dan buah 171,0 kkal (8,5 %) dan Umbi-umbian sebesar 64,5 kkal (3,2 %),  sedangkan Kelompok Pangan Buah/Biji Berminyak dan Kelompok Pangan Lain-lain  menyumbangkan energi paling kecil, masing-masing yaitu 28,2 kkal ( 1,4%), dan 27,5 kkal (1,4%).   Pola Konsumsi Pangan masyarakat masih belum beragam, bergizi dan seimbang. Hal ini ditunjukkan dari skor PPH baru sebesar 89,8 atau kurang dari skor PPH ideal sebesar 100. Aspek sosial ekonomi yang meliputi tingkat pendidikan, jumlah anggota rumah tangga, dan pendapatan rumah tangga menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan terhadap tingkat kecukupan gizi (AKE dan AKP). Disarankan perlu upaya promosi kesehatan khususnya mengkonsumsi makanan yang beragam, berimbang, dan bergizi serta mengembangkan sumber karbohidrat umbi-umbian lokal yang potensial, strategis, dan prospektf dalam meningkatkan skor PPH.Kata kunci :  konsumsi pangan, angka kecukupan energi (AKE), angkakecukupan  protein (AKP, PPH) ANALYSIS OF FOOD CONSUMTION IN NORTH SULAWESI PROVINCE ABSTRACTThe diversity of food consumption patterns of society in each region varies, depending on the potential of the region and the cultural structure of society. Indonesian people consumption patterns are still dominated by grains, especially rice, and in order to reduce the dependence of the community on rice, it is necessary to explore the non-rice based local potentials to meet the needs. The study aims to analyze the contribution of energy and protein consumption from various food groups, analyze the proportion of energy contribution from rice to total energy consumption, and analyze the relationship between the socio-economic aspect of the family to the diversity of food consumption (PPH score). Food consumption level collected by Recall method then converted into nutrient form using the Food Composition List (DKBM) .The other primary data were also collected through interviewees a direct with the informant using the tool questionnaire structured. Secondary data obtained from the documents, reports, official records of relevant agencies in accordance with the type of data required. The consumption of North Sulawesi people's food is above the Ideal Energy Sufficiency Level of 2,000 kcal / capita / day, that is equal to 2,021 kcal per capita per day, including in normal category (90 120% AKE / G), while Protein Sufficiency Rate reach 110,5% ie 57,5 g / day capital is above national average 50,1 g / capita / hari.Group Grains group donated the most energy, namely 1166.9 kcal per capita per day (58.3 from the energy sufficiency), followed by Oil and Fat 256.8 kcal (12.8%) Hewani Food 212, 9 kcal (10.6%), vegetables and fruit 171.0 kcal (8.5%) and tubers of 64.5 kcal (3.2%), while the Group of Oily Fruits / Grains and Food Groups Others contribute the least energy, each of which is 28.2 kcal (1.4% ), and 27.5 kcal (1.4%). Community Food Consumption Pattern is still not diverse, nutritious and balanced. This is demonstrated by the new PPH score of 89.8 or less than the ideal PPH score of 100. Socio-economic aspects including education level, number of household members, and household income indicate no significant relationship to nutritional adequacy level (AKE and AKP). Suggetions that can be recommended is the need for health promotion efforts in partiqular consume diverse, balanced and nutritions foods, also develop the potential, strategic and perfective root carbohydrate sources in order to increase the PPH score. Keywords: food consumption, energy adequacylevel (AKE), protein adequacy level (AKP), desirable dietary pattern (PPH)

scholarly journals Understanding Food Consumption Frequencies Among U.S. Chinese Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 242-242
Author(s):  
Shenglin Zheng ◽  
Dexia Kong ◽  
Qun Le ◽  
XinQi Dong
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Portion Size ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Chinese Older Adults ◽  
Dairy Consumption ◽  
The U.S

Abstract A healthy diet is essential to various health outcomes that are common among minority aging populations. To explore frequencies and correlates of food consumption among U.S. Chinese older adults, this study used data from the Population-based Study of Chinese Elderly (PINE) collected in Chicago during 2015-2017 (N=3053). Food consumption frequencies of five food groups (vegetables, fruits, grains, protein foods, and dairy) were assessed by a validated 48-item food frequency questionnaire. All responses of consumption frequency were transformed to “times per day” and weighted by reported portion size. The average frequencies of vegetables, grains, and protein foods intake among the U.S. Chinese older adults were 2.02 (SD±1.32), 1.32 (SD±0.70), and 1.58 (SD±0.90) times/day, respectively. Fruits and dairy consumption frequencies were much lower: 0.76 (SD±0.70) and 0.48 (SD±0.53) times/day. In addition, higher levels of education were correlated with higher consumption of all five food groups. Being female was positively correlated with frequencies of fruits and dairy intake. In contrast, poorer life quality and having more children were correlated with less intake of all five food groups. Older age, preference to speak Cantonese/Taishanese compared to Mandarin/English, and poorer health status were also correlated with lower consumption frequencies of fruit and dairy. The study provides important dietary data of U.S. Chinese older adults and sheds light on significant socioeconomic correlates of food consumption. More in-depth investigations are needed to clarify the sociocultural determinants of dietary behavior and how they relate to different health outcomes among the U.S. Chinese population.

scholarly journals Offspring Birth Weight Is Associated with Specific Preconception Maternal Food Group Intake: Data from a Linked Population-Based Birth Cohort

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 3172
Author(s):  
Nastaran Salavati ◽  
Petra C. Vinke ◽  
Fraser Lewis ◽  
Marian K. Bakker ◽  
Jan Jaap H.M. Erwich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Portion Size ◽  
Artificial Sweeteners ◽  
Food Groups

The preconception period has been recognized as one of the earliest sensitive windows for human development. Maternal dietary intake during this period may influence the oocyte quality, as well as placenta and early embryonic development during the first trimester of pregnancy. Previous studies have found associations between macronutrient intake during preconception and pregnancy outcomes. However, as food products consist of multiple macro- and micronutrients, it is difficult to relate this to dietary intake behavior. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between intake of specific food groups during the preconception period with birth weight, using data from the Perined-Lifelines linked birth cohort. The Perined-Lifelines birth cohort consists of women who delivered a live-born infant at term after being enrolled in a large population-based cohort study (The Lifelines Cohort). Information on birth outcome was obtained by linkage to the Dutch perinatal registry (Perined). In total, we included 1698 women with data available on birth weight of the offspring and reliable detailed information on dietary intake using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire obtained before pregnancy. Based on the 2015 Dutch Dietary Guidelines and recent literature 22 food groups were formulated. Birth weight was converted into gestational age-adjusted z-scores. Multivariable linear regression was performed, adjusted for intake of other food groups and covariates (maternal BMI, maternal age, smoking, alcohol, education level, urbanization level, parity, sex of newborn, ethnicity). Linear regression analysis, adjusted for covariates and intake of energy (in kcal) (adjusted z score [95% CI], P) showed that intake of food groups “artificially sweetened products” and “vegetables” was associated with increased birth weight (resp. (β = 0.001 [95% CI 0.000 to 0.001, p = 0.002]), (β = 0.002 [95% CI 0.000 to 0.003, p = 0.03])). Intake of food group “eggs” was associated with decreased birth weight (β = −0.093 [95% CI −0.174 to −0.013, p = 0.02]). Intake in food groups was expressed in 10 g per 1000 kcal to be able to draw conclusions on clinical relevance given the bigger portion size of the food groups. In particular, preconception intake of “artificially sweetened products” was shown to be associated with increased birth weight. Artificial sweeteners were introduced into our diets with the intention to reduce caloric intake and normalize blood glucose levels, without compromising on the preference for sweet food products. Our findings highlight the need to better understand how artificial sweeteners may affect the metabolism of the mother and her offspring already from preconception onwards.

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