scholarly journals A surge in prevalence and factors affecting early onset acute coronary syndrome

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Group I

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) with early onset of age (especially in <30 years) is an infrequent (up to 0.05 to 0.4%) but serious entity, with modest available data. A rise in incidence has been witnessed, especially in South Asia. The aim was to ascertain the proportion of very young patients (≤35 years) among all adult patients with ACS and important factors associated with it. Patients presenting with ACS during September 2020 to January 2021 were incorporated in this cross-sectional single-center study and were analyzed by age: Group I (20–35 years), Group II (36–45 years), and Group III (＞45 years). Demographic characteristics, angiographic findings, co-morbidities and treatment strategies were recorded. 1314 patients with ACS in the study period were examined. Patients in Group I accounted for 6.2% (81) of the study cohort. Of these, 2.1% (28) were aged 20 to 30 years and 4.03% (53) were aged 30 to 35 years. Analysis of age groups by ACS risk factors revealed that male gender, overweight, smoking, using smokeless tobacco (especially gutka), were significantly higher in Group I. Other conventional risk factors were more prevalent in Group III. In Group 1, anterior wall myocardial infarction, single vessel coronary artery disease (SVCAD) and re-canalized vessels were significantly more frequent. Significantly higher proportion of patients were treated with conservative management alone in Group I. In our crossectional study we report an inclining shift in the frequency of early onset ACS than previously observed. In this recent cohort, ACS in the youngest adult patients was significantly associated with being overweight, smoking, and smokeless tobacco use, especially gutka. Moreover, these patients’ higher rates of SVCAD and re-canalized vessels due to hypercoagulable milieu, could be better responsive to aggressive pharmacologic treatment noted in these young patients.

scholarly journals A study of risk factors and coronary angiographic profile in young patients with acute coronary syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. S6-S7
Author(s):  
Bodhisattya Roy Chaudhuri ◽  
Ram Pratap Saini ◽  
Sandeep Bansal
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Coronary Syndrome

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Clinical, Angiographic and Procedural Profiles between Young Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-120
Author(s):  
Fathima Aaysha Cader ◽  
Afzalur Rahman ◽  
Mohammad Ullah ◽  
Mohammad Arifur Rahman ◽  
Md Sarwar Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Coronary Intervention ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Percutaneous Coronary

Background: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is increasingly prevalent among young patients, particularly in South Asia, where young patients are known to present with multiple risk factors and gender-based differences in angiographic profiles. This study aimed to compare gender differences in clinical, angiographic and procedural profiles between young patients with ACS undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods: This prospective observational study was done at the National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD) from April 2016 to March 2017. 190 young patients with ACS undergoing PCI were included. Clinical, angiographic and procedural variables were compared and statistically analyzed.Results: The mean age of young females and males was 43.8±6.9 years and 40.1±4.3 years respectively (p<<0.001). Young women had significantly more risk factors of hypertension (62.1% vs 33.7%, p<0.001) and diabetes (57.9% vs 31.6%, p<0.001) in comparison to young men. Smoking was significantly greater among young males (70.5% vs 0%, p<0.001). Young females had significantly better mean ejection fraction (EF) (48.4±9.3% vs 45.1±10.4%, p=0. 02). Left main coronary artery (3.2% vs. 1.1%, p=0.61) and left anterior descending artery (51.6% vs. 45.3%, p=0.38) were more frequently involved among young females. Young males showed angiographically more severe CAD and greater frequency of multivessel CAD with higher DVD (22.1%vs 18.9%, p=0.58) and TVD (18.9%vs 11.6%, p=0.15).Conclusion: Significantly more young women with ACS presented with hypertension and diabetes than young males. However, they had better ejection fraction and less severe angiographic profiles.Cardiovasc. j. 2018; 10(2): 113-120

scholarly journals Thrombosis risk factors and gene mutations in young age patients with acute coronary syndrome

Kardiologiia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (1S) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
I. V. Ponomarenko ◽  
I. A. Sukmanova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Young Age ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Thrombosis Risk

Goal of research. Study the role of thrombosis risk factors and polymorphisms in genes in young age patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).Materials and methods. Te study included 299 patients of age 25 to 44 years old with ACS were treated from 2012 to 2017 at the department of myocardial infarction 1st KGBUZ Altay regional cardiological clinic. Te middle age of patients with ACS was 40.3 ± 0.2 years. Te control group included of 53 apparently healthy volunteers aged from 25 to 44 years old, the average age those patients was 39.94 ± 0.79 years. Also, those patients hadn’t any comorbid conditions. Te control group hadn’t any datas of ischemic heart disease by the results of exercise tolerance tests. All patients had standard clinical, anamnestic, biochemical tests, lipid profle, fasting plasma glucose, electrocardiogram, echocardiography and coronaroangiography, also they were determined growth and weight with body-weight index. 116 patients from the ACS group and 53 patients fromthe control group had screening of polymerase chain reaction for determine polymorphism of the FII genes G20210-A, FV G1691-A, and MTHFR C677-T.Results. We identifed the most signifcant sets of risk factors associated with ACS in young age patients based on our multifactorial statistical analysis with binary logistic regression. Tis combination of risk factors was: increased levels of low-density lipoproteins, decreased levels of high-density lipoproteins, smoking, existence of MTHFR homozygous polymorphism, heredity in combination with smoking, FV homozygote, MTHFR homozygote, smoking with MTHFR-homozygote.Conclusion. Te ability predicting the risk of developing cardiovascular disease in young people based on traditional risk factors, partly modifable, as well as the researching of "new" risk factors, opens up new opportunities for developing a clinical approach of treating young patients with high risk of ACS.

Association of Thrombophilic Gene Variant with Smoking as Risk Factors for Early Onset of Acute Coronary Syndrome

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-44
Author(s):  
Pierpaolo Di Micco ◽  
Giovanni Rossano ◽  
Maria Blasich ◽  
Alferio Niglio ◽  
Fernando Schiraldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Gene Variant ◽  
Coronary Syndrome

scholarly journals Acute Coronary Syndrome in the Young - Risk Factors and Angiographic Pattern

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
AFMS Haque ◽  
AR Siddiqui ◽  
SMM Rahman ◽  
SA Iqbal ◽  
NN Fatema ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Coronary Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Risk ◽  
Common Risk Factor ◽  
Coronary Syndrome

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a worldwide health epidemic. Acute coronary syndrome is a potentially life-threatening condition and patient may die or become disabled in the prime of life. There is documented evidence that South Asian people develop CAD at a higher rate and also at an early age. If the affected individual is 40 yrs old or below, the tragic consequences are catastrophic. Methods: It was a retrospective observational study to find out the pattern of acute coronary syndrome in the young (40 years old or less) in a military hospital (CMH Dhaka) from July 2007 to July 2008 and to analyze the risk factors and the angiographic characteristics of coronary vessels. Consecutive 64 young patients including both male and female admitted into this hospital were the study subjects. Out of these patients 53 were males and 11 were females. Among these patients coronary risk factors and angiographic pattern were studied. 64 older patients with Acute coronary syndrome (age more than 40 years) were also studied. Results: Out of 64 young patients 15.6% patients presented to this hospital as UA, 9.37% presented as Non-Q MI, 28.12% Acute Anterior MI, 14.06% Acute Anteroseptal MI, 26.56% Acute Inferior MI, 6.25% Acute Infero-posterior MI. Smoking was the most common risk factor among these young patients. 64.06% patients were smoker. Dyslipidaemia was present among 50% patients, 37.55% were hypertensive, 15.62% were diabetic, and 15.62% were obese. SVCAD was the most common lesion and it was 53.12%. 26.56% patients had DVCAD and TVCAD was present among 20.31% patients. In the older group (more than 40 years) most common risk factor was dyslipidaemia (71.88%) and smoking was present among 48.43% patients. Conclusion: Young patients have a different risk factor profile in comparison with older patients. Smoking is a strong and quite common coronary risk factor in the young ACS patients who are 40 years or less. Risk factor identification and control is very crucial in the primary and secondary prevention in young patients with CAD. Keywords: Acute coronary syndrome; Risk factors; Coronary Angiography DOI: 10.3329/cardio.v2i2.6635Cardiovasc. j. 2010; 2(2) : 175-178

scholarly journals Acute coronary syndrome in young patients: clinical features and risk factors

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
I. V. Ponomarenko ◽  
I. A. Sukmanova ◽  
V. A. Elykomov
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Q Wave

Aim. To study the clinical features and risk factors (RF) associated with the development of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in young patients.Material and methods. The study included 474 patients with ACS. Depending on age, patients were divided into 2 groups. The first group consisted of 299 patients of young age (25-44 years), the comparison group consisted of 175 patients of mean and old age (45-74 years). Clinical and anamnestic data, parameters of general clinical and biochemical tests, electrocardiography, echocardiography and coronary angiography were determined in all patients, and polymorphisms in FII G20210-A, FV G1691-A, MTHFR C677-T genes were determined in 116 patients. The control group consisted of 53 healthy volunteers.Results. ACS in patients <45 years old is most common in men. The number of women with ACS increases as elder patient is. The incidence of myocardial infarction (MI) and unstable angina, ST-elevated MI and non ST-segment elevation MI, Q-wave and non-Q-wave MI had no differences between patients of the younger and older age groups. In younger patients, anterior localization of myocardial infarction was more common, in mean and old patients — posterior. Complications of MI in young patients were less common than in the comparison group. In patients of mean and old ages, acute coronary event was preceded by a clinic of angina, in young patients most often it was the debut of coronary artery disease. It was revealed that single-vessel coronary lesion is more characteristic for young patients, for the elderly patients — two-vessel and multi-vessel. Pathology of the anterior descending coronary artery prevailed in both groups of patients. Most patients in both groups underwent myocardial revascularization. MI as a result of coronary artery thrombosis happened more often in young patients. The most significant RF associated with the ACS development were: increased total cholesterol and low density lipoproteins, decreased high density lipoproteins, increased body mass index, smoking, polymorphism of MTHFR-homozygote, hereditary tainted with smoking, aggravation in combination with F5-homozygote, hereditary tainted in combination with MTHFR-homozygote, hereditary tainted in combination with smoking and MTHFR homozygote.Conclusion. We identified clinical features and RF, mostly associated with the development of ACS in patients <45 years of age. The results can serve as additional indicators showed the risk of ACS development.

scholarly journals Risk factors for repeat percutaneous coronary intervention in young patients (≤45 years of age) with acute coronary syndrome

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianwen Han ◽  
Qun Wang ◽  
Huanwan Yang ◽  
Shanshan Zhou ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Coronary Intervention ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Percutaneous Coronary ◽  
Second Procedure

Background The incidences of premature coronary heart disease present a rising trend worldwide. The possible risk factors that may predict the incidence of repeat percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in premature acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains unclear. Methods A total of 203 patients ≤45 years with ACS from Chinese PLA General Hospital who have undergone angiography twice were included in this report. Data were collected from medical records of patients during hospitalization. Baseline characteristics which have significant differences in the univariate analysis were enrolled into the multiple logistic regression analysis. According to the odds ratio (OR) of these variables, different values were assigned to build a risk model to predict the possible risk of the premature ACS patients undergoing repeat PCI. Results Of the 203 young patients, 88 patients (43.3%) underwent repeat PCI. The intermit time (OR 1.002, (95% CI [1.001–1.002])), diastolic blood pressure of second procedure (OR 0.967, (95% CI [0.938–0.996])), stent diameter (OR 0.352, (95% CI [0.148–0.840])), HbA1C of the first procedure (OR 1.835, (95% CI [1.358–2.479])), and Troponin T of the second procedure (OR 1.24, (95% CI [0.981–1.489])) were significantly associated with the incidence of repeat PCI in patients with premature ACS. An aggregate score between 0 and 6 was calculated based on these cutpoints. Conclusion For young patients with premature ACS, risk of undergoing repeat PCI was high. HbA1C was a significant, independent predictor for the incidence of repeat revascularization, and weighed more than traditional lipid profile. The glucose metabolism and disorders in patients with premature ACS should be routinely screened.

scholarly journals Do You Know How Young Your Heart Is?

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
Tase Cristina Ramona ◽  
Cojocaru Lucia ◽  
Rusali Andrei ◽  
Suta Cristina
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Chest Pain ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Good Clinical Outcome ◽  
Know How ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
First Time

Abstract We present the case of a 25 years old patient who was submitted to our unit with a first time acute coronary syndrome. Despite his young age he had multiple cardiovascular risk factors. Although the chest pain was atypical and the electrocardiogram on presentation had unspecific changes, repeated investigations established the diagnosis of anterolateral myocardial infarction. Per primam angioplasty with stent implantation in the proximal segment of left anterior descending artery was performed, with good clinical outcome. Awareness is the key in establishing the diagnosis of myocardial infarction in young patients.

scholarly journals Identification of risk factors of acute coronary syndrome in young patients between 18-40 years of age at a teaching hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Faryal Murtaza Cheema ◽  
Hasan Mujtaba Cheema ◽  
Zubair Akram
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Family History ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Case Series Study

Objectives: To identify the risk factors in acute coronary syndrome. Methods: It was a case series study, conducted in coronary care unit of Jinnah Hospital, Lahore from January to December 2018. Convenient sampling was used for patients’ selection. The serum cardiac enzymes level was measured, and serial ECG was done at admission and repeated if required. Blood samples were collected after an overnight fast of 14 hours and tests were done for total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol. Results: Out of 300 patients of acute coronary syndrome, 100 (33.33%) were female and 200 (66.67%) were males. Majority of patients 180 (60%) belonged to age group of 25-40 years. Out of 300 patients 94 (31.33%) had diabetes mellitus, while 139 (46.3%) were suffering from hypertension. Out of 290 patients 95 (32.7%) had family history of coronary artery disease. Out of 298 patients 125 (41.9%) were smokers. Conclusion: Acute coronary syndrome in age group of 18-40 Years showed a male predominance with major modifiable risk factors; Hypertension followed by Diabetes mellitus, smoking and Dyslipidemia. Positive family history a non-modifiable risk factor in patients of ACS was also a common finding. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.4.2302 How to cite this:Cheema FM, Cheema HM, Akram Z. Identification of risk factors of acute coronary syndrome in young patients between 18-40 years of age at a teaching hospital. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(4):821-824. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.4.2302 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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