scholarly journals The role of state programs in the transformation of the agrarian sector in Ajara AR

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nato Jabnidze ◽  
◽  
Leila Tsetskhladze ◽  
Ia Meskhidze ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Market ◽  
The State ◽  
Technological Support ◽  
Agrarian Sector ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
State Programs

The Georgian economy has significant potential of growth and for enhancing competitiveness. Consequently, the state periodically encourages the creation of a favourable entrepreneurial and investment climate that is also systematically affected by active globalization processes on the world market. In order to alleviate these processes, the state is modernizing the economy and infrastructure sectors, part of which is the Autonomous Republic of Adjara and its agriculture. Promoting its development is important to the extent that addressing food security and sustainable development, increasing rural well-being, and reducing economic inequality between the village and the city depends on it. The purpose of this paper is to study the role of state programs in the transformation of the agricultural sector, as we believe that minimizing state interference in the functioning of the agrarian sector cannot withstand global challenges, key financial, technical and technological support for the sector is relevant in the wake of negative external and internal economic conjuncture changes, which further aggravate food security and its financial sustainability. We believe that the development of effective mechanisms of optimizing and spending the integration of state and private resources needed for the socio-economic development of the country is still relevant today.

Ghana: the State of Agriculture and Prospects for Food Security in the Context of Achieving SDGs

2018 ◽  
pp. 16-31
Author(s):  
Tatyana Denisova
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Careful Study ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Government

For the first time in Russian African studies, the author examines the current state of agriculture, challenges and prospects for food security in Ghana, which belongs to the group of African countries that have made the most progress in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The SDGs are a collection of 17 global goals adopted by UN member states in 2015 with a view of achieving them by 2030. The SDGs include: ending poverty in all its forms everywhere (Goal 1); ending hunger, achieving food security and improved nutrition, and promoting sustainable agriculture (2); ensuring healthy lives and promoting well-being for all at all ages (3), etc. These goals are considered fundamental because the achievement of a number of other SDGs – for example, ensuring quality education (4), achieving gender equality (5), ensuring sustainable consumption and production patterns (12), etc. – largely depends on their implementation. Ghana was commended by the world community for the significant reduction in poverty, hunger and malnutrition between 2000 and 2014, i.e. for the relatively successful implementation of the first of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs, 2000–2015) – the eradication of extreme poverty and hunger. However, SDGs require more careful study and planning of implementation measures. In order to achieve the SDGs, the Government of Ghana has adopted a number of programs, plans and projects, the successful implementation of which often stumbles upon the lack of funding and lack of coordination between state bodies, private and public organizations, foreign partners – donors and creditors, etc., which are involved in the processes of socioeconomic development of Ghana. The author determines the reasons for the lack of food security in Ghana, gives an assessment of the state of the agricultural sector, the effective development of which is a prerequisite for the reduction of poverty and hunger, primarily due to the engagement of a significant share (45%) of the economically active population in this sector. The study shows that the limited growth in food production is largely due to the absence of domestic markets and necessary roads, means of transportation, irrigation and storage infrastructure, as well as insufficient investment in the agricultural sector, rather than to a shortage of fertile land or labor.

scholarly journals Agriculture of the Republic of Uzbekistan after the peak of the pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 03024
Author(s):  
Bakhodir Sultanov ◽  
Lochinbek Amirov ◽  
Mavluda Askarova ◽  
Barna Rakhmankulova ◽  
Maftuna Tosheva
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
World Market ◽  
The State ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
The World ◽  
The Republic ◽  
To Come

When studying the topic, the author analyzes the implementation of reforms and their impact on the development of the agricultural sector of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Special attention is paid to the pandemic crisis that has affected all spheres of the economy and the life of the population. The importance of the actions taken by the state in relation to the improvement of the agricultural sector, not only through the production of agricultural raw materials, but also in other ways, is revealed. One of these ways is the production of products that can compete on the world market, the production of semi-finished products, and others. Methods of analysis, synthesis, grouping, observation, and deduction were used in the study of the material. Using these methods, the authors were able to come to a better conclusion, and make suitable conclusions and suggestions. In conclusion, the ways to improve the efficiency of agricultural production, through the introduction of resource-saving technologies, innovative technologies, and especially the removal of state attention to the agricultural sector, are revealed. The article also focuses on the state of agriculture during and after the pandemic, and compares it with other countries of the world. The authors made proposals that are most suitable for the development of agriculture, ensuring food security and independence of the population.

scholarly journals TREND OF STATE PARTICIPATION IN THE INVESTMENT OF INNOVATION AGRIBUSINESS GEORGIA

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
State Participation ◽  
State Programs ◽  
Large Farms

The article substantiates the need for state regulation of innovation activity in the agricultural sector of Georgia and analyzes the problems associated with the development of this sector. The factors hindering the introduction of innovations in agriculture are investigated. It is noted that the existence of large farms is important for the commercialization of agriculture and the role of cooperation in this process is emphasized. The state programs of development of agro-industrial complex of Georgia are considered. The importance of state regulation in innovative de-velopment of agro-industrial complex is investigated.

MANAGING THE DEVELOPMENT OF TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES IN THE CONTEXT OF CURRENT CHALLENGES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ольга Крайник
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
Local Economies ◽  
Management Planning ◽  
Technological Support ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Changing Role

The article considers the changing role of the state and local governments in the development of local economies in modern conditions. Decentralization caused the decreased role of the state in ensuring the development of local economies. At the same time, the significance of territorial management bodies aimed at improving the level and quality of life in their communities increased. Today, local authorities can render quality services to residents of the territorial community employing innovative approaches to management, planning, and technological support for the development. The financial support for the development of territorial communities takes a special place in the implementation of these ambitious plans. Therefore, a special task for the newly created governing bodies is to increase the level of financial security and well-being of the residents of the territorial community.

FOREIGN ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF THE STATE FOOD SECURITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 86-96
Author(s):  
Anastasiia MOSTOVA
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
The State ◽  
Security Strategy ◽  
State Food ◽  
Agrarian Sector ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Study Results

Introduction. Current conditions of socio-economic relations development, formation of a single Food independence require special attention in the realization conditions of the state food security strategy, since the implementation of the state foreign economic policy aimed at maintaining the openness of internal markets in terms of Ukraine’s integration into the multilateral system of WTO food security of the state and some pressure from foreign trading partners. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to develop methodological bases for guaranteeing food security and independence, the factors of their formation and to develop recommendations for guaranteeing the food security of the state under the influence of foreign economic factors. Methods. The methods of system analysis and synthesis, abstract-logical, monographic, generalization, were used in the study. Results. Food security and its components have been investigated. Theoretical, methodological and practical approaches to the study of food independence and food self-sufficiency as the main elements of food security are analyzed. The conclusions on the state of food security of Ukraine are formulated on the basis of indicators of food independence by main foodstuffs, self-sufficiency of basic types of foodstuffs, foreign trade in foodstuffs and balance of foreign trade in foodstuffs. The main problems that do not allow to increase the food independence of the state are identified and those that need to be solved within the framework of the state food security strategy. The strategic tasks of the state policy for the achievement of food independence and self-sufficiency are considered in the conditions of increasing integration of Ukraine into the system of international relations. A set of measures is proposed to stimulate the development of a number of agriculture sectors and food industry to ensure their competitiveness within the framework of the food security strategy. The necessity of using indirect instruments and mechanisms of financial support to the agricultural sector, the introduction of an effective system of foreign economic regulation in the agrarian sector are justified, aimed at protecting domestic producers from unfair and excessive competition from foreign suppliers and promoting equipoise. Key words: food security, food independence, food security, foreign trade, agrarian sector.

scholarly journals Reflecting on the contemporary relevance of the forgotten management pioneers: A creative auto/biography

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 205979911986328
Author(s):  
Hester Nienaber
Keyword(s):  
Reflective Practice ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Base Change ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Organisational Performance ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Practice Gap ◽  
Theory Practice Gap ◽  
And Control

Management theory and practice are characterised by the ‘theory–practice gap’. A way of addressing this divide is to engage in reflective practice, in this instance, a creative auto/biography. This different way of presenting an old issue demonstrates how the original teachings of the management pioneers remain relevant today. The central issues are the purpose of the organisation and the role of both leadership and employees in unlocking human competence in pursuit of organisational performance. The concepts ‘autonomy’ and ‘control’ transpired as crucial, which could easily be misunderstood or misapplied. This personal reflection presents evidence on which to base change, enhancing the well-being of employees, societies and the profit of organisations. This article contributes to knowledge by making inaccessible knowledge, accessible and inclusive, and the expectation that the meaning emanating from this reflection will result in the management audience to reconsider management, advancing management science and benefitting society at large.

Some results of a sociological survey on the health of the rural population of Tatarstan

1993 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-165
Author(s):  
V. A. Kalistratov
Keyword(s):  
Labor Supply ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
Labor Intensity ◽  
State Of Health ◽  
Agrarian Sector

The study of the state of health of the population requires special attention due to the difficult socio-economic situation in which the entire national economy and, above all, the agricultural sector found itself. The labor intensity of workers in this industry directly depends on the season of the year, mechanized labor-intensive processes, labor supply. Of particular concern are the unfavorable tendencies that are now manifesting themselves more vividly. The agrarian sector of Tatarstan employs about 400 thousand people, of which almost 300 thousand are directly in agriculture.

scholarly journals The Role of Universities in Sustainable Economic Development In Pivotal

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-54
Author(s):  
Zoha Adel Mahmoud
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The University ◽  
Second World

institution is one of the highest institutions that have the task of providing the development needs of the community of specialists in various fields, in addition to being the centers of scientific research and applied to ensure economic and social progress It enriches decision makers with expertise and skills and thus controls political performance. In any society, the university can not play its full role in social change without interaction between the individual on the one hand and the social environment on the other, Social and interdependent Ah syndrome change, they strengthen the skills, and enrich the spirit of innovation of the individual, and raise the level of social progress. It helps to improve the conditions of the poor segments of the population and facilitates the employment opportunities of the individuals imposed by the society as they meet the needs of the individual and society of different professions, thus providing an opportunity for production and thus have a positive impact on the standard of living to achieve the well-being of the individual and the citizen. The interest reflected on the progress, such as Germany, which was interested in it became one of the main reasons that led to the rise of Germany from the ruins of the Second World War as well as the State of Malaysia, which moved from developing countries to the second world countries by changing the plan Colleges and institutes of universities. In 2020, Malaysia will be among the developed countries. In these countries, higher education, vocational training and training are viewed as a basis for life supplementation and are seen as a major means of improving and upgrading society. If we are to explore the dimensions of education in the 21st century, one of the pillars of education is learning for action, Usually involves the acquisition of skills and the linking of knowledge to practice as an essential part of the training and rehabilitation of the individual for practical life. Hence, such new trends in linking educational preparation to work have been imposed by the labor market and the working life in its new forms. Production and service facilities, The advanced, assumed graduates who can be employed and absorbed can contribute to the development of competitiveness, to provide innovations and creations to achieve the competitive advantage of the enterprise, and to improve production and productivity based primarily on the acquisition and application of knowledge. Gamerdinger reveals that the new technology does not accelerate the possibilities for sound economic policies and increasing global trade, and this requires strategies to develop work related to the development of human performance, and in order to face the state of chronic unemployment globally, education policies are headed towards the so-called reverse conversion as many graduates of specializations Literaries choose vocational and technical education in technical and community colleges. Unemployment in the Arab world carries certain characteristics that must be taken into account when developing the solutions available to them. The most important of these characteristics are: Unemployment is a youth phenomenon. Weak professional experience available to the unemployed. Lack of targeted planning for the labor market. The large gap between the outputs of higher education for youth and the requirements of the labor market. The most important recommendations aimed at enhancing the role of universities in Iraq are: 1 - the operation of labor graduates of technical and technical institutes in the industrial field in order to promote them and eliminate unemployment and increase the hard currency as an important category of Iraqi society, which contributes actively to the renaissance of the country. Linking the Ministry of Industry and Commerce with the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research to be managed by the Minister of Education alone. The Ministry is keen on the funds of the Iraqi people and contributes to the development of the industrial and commercial sectors with the help of professors and university students. 3 - the need to match the needs of the market and education outputs to reduce unemployment, in addition to the vocational education has become an urgent need at this stage to keep pace with the needs of life in society away from the negative view of this education. 4 - Increasing the number of technical workshops and providing them with the means of material in order to provide the university student maximum desired learning. Enhancing the role of higher education in building a broader partnership and cooperation with various other community institutions (public, private and private sector). 6 - Re-admission plan in universities by making the number of admissions in scientific colleges more than the number of admissions in the humanitarian colleges. 7 - Attracting foreign investment companies to invest natural resources in Iraq such as phosphate, natural gas, oil, oil shale, uranium, silica and geothermal energy for the recovery of the economy and the trend towards domestic consumption.

scholarly journals Ways of improvement of development of separate organizational and legal forms of entrepreneurship activity in the agricultural sector

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (92) ◽  
pp. 60-67
Author(s):  
I. Smolynets
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Historical Aspect ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Agrarian Sector ◽  
Legal Forms

One of the most important directions in this context is the problems of organizational and legal forms of development of entrepreneurial activity in agriculture. Effective development of entrepreneurial activity in agriculture is hindered by poor adaptation to market conditions and low investment attractiveness of agrarian production and economic formations, unsystematic and dispersed revenues for modernization of production activities, insufficient state support, imperfection of the organizational and economic mechanism for managing the development of various organizational and legal forms of entrepreneurial activity activities in the agrarian sector. In the historical aspect of the development of entrepreneurial activity there are the following forms: private farms, individual holdings, households, peasant farms, private and state agricultural enterprises, collective farms, in particular peasant unions, agricultural companies, inter-farm enterprises and associations, of various kinds and types societies that are divided in form of association and level of responsibility. The most important of these, which have become accustomed and function in agriculture, are agricultural enterprises, in particular private ones, and households. However, today the state of development of entrepreneurial activity in the agroindustrial complex remains rather complicated and requires complex comprehensive reforms, the main role of which should be owned by the state. That is why among the objects of state regulation a special place should occupy the agrarian sector of the economy and the forms of entrepreneurial activity, in particular the agrarian market and the formation of its infrastructure, which is conditioned by the state regulation. The main problems of the agrarian sector development include the low efficiency of agricultural production and the problem of deformation of price proportions, the solution of which is directly related to the perfection of the infrastructure and mechanisms for regulating the agricultural market. The process of establishing enterprises on the basis of co-operation and their integration with processing enterprises will reflect the interests of agricultural producers and promote their stable and efficient development. The most effective form of co-operation is production, sales and service cooperatives, created on the basis of cooperation of shares and natural forage lands, fixed assets, livestock of animals that unite agricultural producers, households, purchasers, enterprises of the processing industry, various catering enterprises, institutions and organizations. Co-operation, by its very nature, is an economic and voluntary phenomenon. Integration is the next stage of effective economic forms of cooperation among the participants in the agrarian market.

THE ROLE OF STATE PROGRAMS IN FORMING THE EXPENDITURE PART OF THE FEDERAL BUDGET

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
Svetlana Yu. Pavlova ◽  
Nikita V. Geroev
Keyword(s):  
Federal Budget ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
The State ◽  
Actual Data ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Predominant Role ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
State Programs ◽  
The Impact

The article analyzes the structure of state programs financing, provides actual data on federal budget expenditures for several years. On the basis of actual data, the predominant role of state programs in forming the budget system expenditures in the Russian Federation is shown. On average, in 2014-2019, the share of expenditures on state programs was 51.5%. In 2019, the share of expenditures for implementing the state programs in the structure of federal budget expenditures was about 61%. The relevance of the topic showing the impact of state programs on the federal budget expenditures is caused by the fact that in modern conditions, implementation of state programs contributes to harmonious developing certain life spheres in the Russian society and helps the state to direct budget funds more specifically for certain purposes within the areas of state programs implementation. The predominance of state programs gives the state the opportunity to allocate federal budget funds purposefully, as well as it provides an opportunity for the state to finance the main policy directions. Using the methods of comparison, calculation of the specific weight and others, the results are obtained that enable us to draw the following conclusions: the change in the amount of federal budget expenditures and the amount of expenditures on state programs is not proportional, that is why the share of expenditures on implementing the state programs in each period under study is different, but still makes about half of the total amount of expenditures.

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