scholarly journals Effect of the pH of artificial saliva on ion release from commercially pure titanium

2013 ◽  
pp. 207-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Dimic ◽  
Ivana Cvijovic-Alagic ◽  
Marica Rakin ◽  
Aleksandra Peric-Grujic ◽  
Marko Rakin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Commercially Pure Titanium ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Commercially Pure ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Due to their excellent characteristics, such as chemical inertness, mechanical resistance, low Young?s modulus, high corrosion resistance, and outstanding biocompatibility, titanium and its alloys are the most used metallic materials for biomedical applications. In dental practice, these materials have demonstrated success as biomedical devices which are used for repairing and replacing failed hard tissue. However, the oral cavity is constantly subjected to the changes in the pH value changes and such an environment is strongly corrosive for titanium dental implants. The objective of this study was to examine ion release from commercially pure titanium (cpTi) in artificial saliva with different pH values (4.0, 5.5 and 7.5). The concentrations of released titanium ions were determined after 1, 3 and 6 weeks using Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrometry. The results indicate that the ion release from commercially pure titanium in the artificial saliva is dependent both on the pH of artificial saliva and duration of immersion.

Ion Release from Casts of Commercially Pure Titanium in Mixed Solutions of Organic Acids Contained in Human Saliva

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 501-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teruhisa Hirayama ◽  
Marie Koike ◽  
Tadafumi Kurogi ◽  
Akiko Shibata ◽  
Shigeru Nakamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Human Saliva ◽  
Commercially Pure Titanium ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Commercially Pure ◽  
Mixed Solutions

Metal Ion Release and Cytotoxicity of Titanium Orthodontic Miniscrews

2017 ◽  
Vol 730 ◽  
pp. 141-147
Author(s):  
Katha Kosayadiloka ◽  
Nathaphon Tangjit ◽  
Suwannee Luppanapornlarp ◽  
Peerapong Santiwong
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
The Self ◽  
Cytotoxicity Test ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Metal Ion Release ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

The aim of this study was to investigate the metal ion release and cytotoxicity of MU orthodontic miniscrews as well as two other brands of orthodontic miniscrews over time. Twenty-four orthodontic miniscrews were tested, divided into three groups of eight. Each sample extraction was performed following the ISO 10993-12:2012 method. Solutions were collected after 1, 7, and 30 days (T1, T2, and T3). The supernatants extracted from these three groups were added and exposed to mouse L929 fibroblastic cell line using an MTT cytotoxicity test. They were also tested for ion release by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Element analysis by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) was used to analyze the surfaces of the miniscrews. The quantification of three elements, namely, titanium (Ti), aluminum (Al), and vanadium (V) were assessed. The results indicated that there were no statistical differences between the self-made orthodontic miniscrews and those from two commercial groups (p<0.05). Throughout the testing period, the quantity of ions increased from T1 to T3. After 24 h, vanadium was the first to appear on the surface in small quantities in other two commercial groups. The self-made orthodontic miniscrews exhibited no toxic effects on living cells.

Cellular Response of Titanium and Its Alloys as Implants

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahul Bhola ◽  
Shaily M Bhola ◽  
Brajendra Mishra ◽  
Reed Ayers ◽  
David L Olson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Alloy System ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Commercially Pure Titanium ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Potential Use

Abstract The cellular response of osteocytes to commercially pure titanium (α) and its alloys (α + β and β) has been tested in a culture media, and the results have been supplemented by analyses from various techniques such as inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopic (ICP-AES) analysis, X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), metallography, and electrochemical measurements. These results have been correlated with respect to the presence of various alloying elements in these alloys to qualify them for human application. The newer β alloys have been examined for their potential use as implants. These results serve as a preliminary baseline to characterize the best alloy system for a comprehensive long-term investigation.

scholarly journals Retention Strength of Cobalt-Chromium vs Nickel-Chromium Titanium vs CP Titanium in a Cast Framework Association of Removable Partial Overdenture

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-186
Author(s):  
Adriana Cristina Zavanelli ◽  
Recardo Alexandre Zavanelli ◽  
José Everaldo de Aquino Souza ◽  
Nelson Renato França Alves da Silva ◽  
Paulo Guilherme Coelho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potential Risk ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Commercially Pure Titanium ◽  
Cobalt Chromium ◽  
Nickel Chromium ◽  
Commercially Pure ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Retention Strength

ABSTRACT Aim There is little information considering the framework association between cast clasps and attachments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the retention strength of frameworks match circumferential clasps and extra resilient attachment cast in three different alloys (cobalt-chromium, nickel-chromium titanium and commercially pure titanium), using two undercut (0.25 and 0.75 mm) and considering different period of time (0, 1/2, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 years). Methods Using two metallic matrices, representing a partially edentulous mandibular right hemiarch with the first molar crown, canine root and without premolars, 60 frameworks were fabricated. Three groups (n = 20) of each metal were cast and each group was divided into two subgroups (n = 10), corresponding the molar undercut of 0.25 mm and 0.75 mm. The nylon male was positioned at the matrix and attached to the acrylic resin of the prosthetic base. The samples were subjected to an insertion and removal test under artificial saliva environment. Results The data were analyzed and compared with ANOVAs and Tukey's test at 95% of probability. The groups cast in cobaltchromium and nickel-chromium-titanium had the highest mean retention strength (5.58 N and 6.36 N respectively) without significant difference between them, but statistically different from the group cast in commercially pure titanium, which had the lowest mean retention strength in all the periods (3.46 N). The association frameworks using nickel-chromium- titanium and cobalt-chromium could be used with 0.25 mm and 0.75 mm of undercut, but the titanium samples seems to decrease the retention strength, mainly in the 0.75 mm undercut. The circumferential clasps cast in commercially pure titanium used in 0.75 mm undercuts have a potential risk of fractures, especially after the 2nd year of use. Conclusion This in vitro study showed that the framework association between cast clasp and an extra resilient attachment are suitable to the three metals evaluated, but strongly suggest extra care with commercially pure titanium in undercut of 0.75 mm. Clinical significance Frameworks fabricated in Cp Ti tend to decrease in retentive strength over time and have a potential risk of fracture in less than 0.75 mm of undercut. How to cite this article Souza JEdA, da Silva NRFA, Coelho PG, Zavanelli AC, Ferracioli RCSR, Zavanelli RA. Retention Strength of Cobalt-Chromium vs Nickel-Chromium Titanium vs CP Titanium in a Cast Framework Association of Removable Partial Overdenture. J Contemp Dent Pract 2011;12(3):179-186.

scholarly journals Metallic ion release from biocompatible cobalt-based alloy

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 571-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Dimic ◽  
Ivana Cvijovic-Alagic ◽  
Ivana Kostic ◽  
Aleksandra Peric-Grujic ◽  
Marko Rakin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Metallic Ions ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Metallic Biomaterials ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Research Findings

Metallic biomaterials, which are mainly used for the damaged hard tissue replacements, are materials with high strength, excellent toughness and good wear resistance. The disadvantages of metals as implant materials are their susceptibility to corrosion, the elastic modulus mismatch between metals and human hard tissues, relatively high density and metallic ion release which can cause serious health problems. The aim of this study was to examine metallic ion release from Co-Cr-Mo alloy in artificial saliva. In that purpose, alloy samples were immersed into artificial saliva with different pH values (4.0, 5.5 and 7.5). After a certain immersion period (1, 3 and 6 weeks) the concentrations of released ions were determined using Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrophotometer (ICP-MS). The research findings were used in order to define the dependence between the concentration of released metallic ions, artificial saliva pH values and immersion time. The determined released metallic ions concentrations were compared with literature data in order to describe and better understand the phenomenon of metallic ion release from the biocompatible cobalt-based alloy.

scholarly journals A Tribological and Ion Released Research of Ti-Materials for Medical Devices

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Daniela Silva ◽  
Camila Arcos ◽  
Cecilia Montero ◽  
Carolina Guerra ◽  
Carola Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Biological Fluid ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Commercially Pure Titanium ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Commercially Pure

The increase in longevity worldwide has intensified the use of different types of prostheses for the human body, such as those used in dental work as well as in hip and knee replacements. Currently, Ti-6Al-4V is widely used as a joint implant due to its good mechanical properties and durability. However, studies have revealed that this alloy can release metal ions or particles harmful to human health. The mechanisms are not well understood yet and may involve wear and/or corrosion. Therefore, in this work, commercial pure titanium and a Ti-6Al-4V alloy were investigated before and after being exposed to a simulated biological fluid through tribological tests, surface analysis, and ionic dissolution characterization by ICP-AES. Before exposure, X-ray diffraction and optical microscopy revealed equiaxed α-Ti in both materials and β-Ti in Ti-6Al-4V. Scratch tests exhibited a lower coefficient of friction for Ti-6Al-4V alloy than commercially pure titanium. After exposure, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy results showed an oxide film formed by TiO2, both in commercially pure titanium and in Ti-6Al-4V, and by TiO and Al2O3 associated with the presence of the alloys. Furthermore, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy revealed that aluminum was the main ion released for Ti-6Al-4V, giving negligible values for the other metal ions.

scholarly journals The Mechanisms of Degradation of Titanium Dental Implants

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 836
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Ossowska ◽  
Andrzej Zieliński
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Oxide Coating ◽  
Surface Damage ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Human Body Temperature ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Titanium Dental Implants

Titanium dental implants show very good properties, unfortunately there are still issues regarding material wear due to corrosion, implant loosening, as well as biological factors—allergic reactions and inflammation leading to rejection of the implanted material. In order to avoid performing reimplantation operations, changes in the chemical composition and/or modifications of the surface layer of the materials are used. This research is aimed at explaining the possible mechanisms of titanium dissolution and the role of oxide coating, and its damage, in the enhancement of the corrosion process. The studies of new and used implants were made by scanning electron microscopy and computer tomography. The long-term chemical dissolution of rutile was studied in Ringer’s solution and artificial saliva at various pH levels and room temperature. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) conjugated plasma ion spectrometry was used to determine the number of dissolved titanium ions in the solutions. The obtained results demonstrated the extremely low dissolution rate of rutile, slightly increasing along with pH. The diffusion calculations showed that the diffusion of titanium through the oxide layer at human body temperature is negligible. The obtained results indicate that the surface damage followed by titanium dissolution is initiated at the defects caused by either the manufacturing process or implantation surgery. At a low thickness of titanium oxide coating, there is a stepwise appearance and development of cracks that forms corrosion tunnels within the oxide coating.

scholarly journals Effect of denture cleansers on metal ion release and surface roughness of denture base materials

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letícia Resende Davi ◽  
Daniela Nair Borges Felipucci ◽  
Raphael Freitas de Souza ◽  
Osvaldo Luiz Bezzon ◽  
Cláudia Helena Lovato-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Acrylic Resin ◽  
Commercially Pure Titanium ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Nickel Chromium ◽  
Commercially Pure ◽  
Metal Ion Release ◽  
Mechanical Methods

Chemical disinfectants are usually associated with mechanical methods to remove stains and reduce biofilm formation. This study evaluated the effect of disinfectants on release of metal ions and surface roughness of commercially pure titanium, metal alloys, and heat-polymerized acrylic resin, simulating 180 immersion trials. Disk-shaped specimens were fabricated with commercially pure titanium (Tritan), nickel-chromium-molybdenum-titanium (Vi-Star), nickel-chromium (Fit Cast-SB Plus), and nickel-chromium-beryllium (Fit Cast-V) alloys. Each cast disk was invested in the flasks, incorporating the metal disk to the heat-polymerized acrylic resin. The specimens (n=5) were immersed in these solutions: sodium hypochlorite 0.05%, Periogard, Cepacol, Corega Tabs, Medical Interporous, and Polident. Deionized water was used as a control. The quantitative analysis of metal ion release was performed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ELAN DRC II). A surface analyzer (Surftest SJ-201P) was used to measure the surface roughness (µm). Data were recorded before and after the immersions and evaluated by two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α=0.05). The nickel release proved most significant with the Vi-Star and Fit Cast-V alloys after immersion in Medical Interporous. There was a significant difference in surface roughness of the resin (p=0.011) after immersion. Cepacol caused significantly higher resin roughness. The immersion products had no influence on metal roughness (p=0.388). It could be concluded that the tested alloys can be considered safe for removable denture fabrication, but disinfectant solutions as Cepacol and Medical Interporous tablet for daily denture immersion should be used with caution because it caused greater resin surface roughness and greater ion release, respectively.

scholarly journals Novel Coatings to Minimize Corrosion of Titanium in Oral Biofilm

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 342
Author(s):  
Samira Esteves Afonso Camargo ◽  
Tanaya Roy ◽  
Xinyi Xia ◽  
Chaker Fares ◽  
Shu-Min Hsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Surface Corrosion ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

The aim of this work is to investigate the effects produced by polymicrobial biofilm (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Streptococcus salivarius) on the corrosion behavior of titanium dental implants. Pure titanium disks were polished and coated with titanium nitride (TiN) and silicon carbide (SiC) along with their quarternized versions. Next, the disks were cultivated in culture medium (BHI) with P. gingivalis, S. mutans, S. sanguinis, and S. salivarius and incubated anaerobically at 37 °C for 30 days. Titanium corrosion was evaluated through surface observation using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Furthermore, the Ti release in the medium was evaluated by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). SEM images showed that coated Ti disks exhibited lower corrosion compared to non-coated disks, except for the quartenized TiN. This was confirmed by AFM, where the roughness was higher in non-coated Ti disks. ICP showed that Ti levels were low in all coating disks. These results indicate that these SiC and TiN-based coatings could be a useful tool to reduce surface corrosion on titanium implant surfaces.

scholarly journals A New Setup for Simulating the Corrosion Behavior of Orthodontic Wires

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3758
Author(s):  
Polydefkis Papaioannou ◽  
Mona Sütel ◽  
Katrin Hüsker ◽  
Wolf-Dieter Müller ◽  
Theodosia Bartzela
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Metal Alloy ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Orthodontic Wires ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Testing Metal ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

The aim of this study was to create a new reliable setup to evaluate commercially available orthodontic wires used during orthodontic treatment. The setup includes various techniques applied for testing metal alloy materials. The materials were tested under extreme conditions to simulate their behavior in the mouth. The alloy composition of each wire was tested. The electrochemical (EC) testing and characterization of the corrosion performance of the wires was calculated by the electrochemical curves at pH = 1 in two different applied potentials to test the reaction of the material. The liquid collected after the EC measurements was analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to verify the reliability of the EC curves and for a more accurate evaluation of the corrosion behavior of the wires. Therefore, the EC measurements were compared to the actual values obtained from the released ions found in the solution. At the end, a surface analysis was performed to detect corrosion on the wires. In conclusion, this study developed a setup to test and better understand the corrosion behavior and ion release of the orthodontic wires, metal alloy dental materials, and other metals used in the oral cavity. This method can contribute to dental material selection in patients with underlying health conditions.

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