Anatomical traits of Artemisia umbelliformis subsp. eriantha (asteraceae) alpine glacial relict from Mt. Durmitor (Montenegro)

In this study, the vegetative anatomy of Artemisia umbelliformis subsp. eriantha, a Central European alpine glacial relict, wild-growing on Mt. Durmitor (Montenegro) was examined for the first time. The aim was to investigate the general anatomy and particular anatomical traits which might have possible taxonomic value. Microscopic slides were prepared according to the standard histological procedures. The adventitious young root showed a primary structure, while the older root showed a secondary structure with a well-developed periderm on its surface. The rhizome showed a primary structure with elements of a secondary structure (periderm). The stem cross section is characterized by a round shape with a well-developed periderm at certain stages, and collateral vascular bundles arranged in a circle. The petiole is concave in shape with a single-layered epidermis and parenchyma tissue with one large and two small vascular bundles. Druses and rhombohedral crystals are observed inside some petiole parenchyma cells. The leaf lobe cross section has an oblong-linear shape and is isolateral and amphistomatous in structure. The anticlinal walls of the leaf epidermal cells are sinuate. Secretory canals are present in the root cortex parenchyma (endodermal secretory canals) and the rhizome cortical parenchyma. The stem, petiole and leaf lack secretory canals. The stem and leaf are covered with T-shaped non-glandular and glandular trichomes. The taxonomic value of the analyzed characteristics is briefly discussed.

Download Full-text

Foliar anatomy of Rhynchosia spp. (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae) from Roraima state, northern Brazilian Amazon

Acta Amazonica ◽

10.1590/1809-4392201801691 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

pp. 28-35

Author(s):

Andréia Silva FLORES ◽

Eduardo de Souza COSTA ◽

Germana Bueno DIAS

Keyword(s):

Cross Sections ◽

Glandular Trichomes ◽

Brazilian Amazon ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Vascular Bundles ◽

Middle Portion ◽

Foliar Anatomy ◽

Anatomical Characters ◽

Definition Of ◽

First Time

ABSTRACT Comparative studies on the structure of foliar anatomy in four species of Rhynchosia from Roraima state (northern Brazilian Amazon) were carried out to identify additional morphological characters to support the definition of the systematic boundaries among the species. Fully expanded leaves, including the petioles, were collected from the upper nodes of a plant’s stem. Anatomical characters were observed in cross-sections of the middle portion of leaflets and petiole segments. Presence and distribution of glandular trichomes, continuity of sclerenchyma around the vascular bundles in leaflet blades and the conformation of the area between the two ridges of petioles were important characters to distinguish among the species of Rhynchosia. For the first time we report a distinct multicellular gland-like structure which we found in the petioles of three species.

Download Full-text

Cutandia rigescens (Poaceae) a new species to the flora of Iran: distribution, taxonomy and ecology

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.419.3.3 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 419 (3) ◽

pp. 287-300

Author(s):

SAMEREH TIRGAN ◽

ALIREZA NAQINEZHAD ◽

ZEINAB HOSEINZADEH

Keyword(s):

Cross Section ◽

Sand Dunes ◽

Vascular Bundles ◽

Leaf Epidermis ◽

Distribution Map ◽

Flora Of Iran ◽

The Caspian Sea ◽

Anatomical Characters ◽

First Time ◽

A New Species

During a revision of the genera Cutandia and Catapodium in Iran (Poaceae: subtribe Parapholiinae), the occurrence of Cutandia rigescens was confirmed for the first time on sand dunes along the southern shore of the Caspian Sea in the northern part of the country. Twenty-five important morphological and anatomical characters were examined in an attempt to separate this species from Cutandia dichotoma, C. memphitica and Catapodium rigidum, similar taxa already recorded from Iran. In addition to the morphology of the glume, lemma and palea, the most diagnostic characters proved to be: size and shape of long cells in the intercostal zone of leaf epidermis, size of short cells and long cells in the costal zone of the leaf epidermis, size of angular prickles in the leaf epidermis, number and size of vascular bundles in a cross-section of the culm, the presence or absence of parenchymatous cells in the center of the culm and number of florets. Distribution map for Iran, together with vegetation data were presented for all four species.

Download Full-text

Anatomical and Phytochemical Studies on Benincasa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn. (Cucurbitaceae)

Notulae Scientia Biologicae ◽

10.15835/nsb11110394 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 102-111

Author(s):

Chimezie EKEKE ◽

Chinedum A. OGAZIE ◽

Ikechukwu O. AGBAGWA

Keyword(s):

Glandular Trichomes ◽

Male Flower ◽

Female Flower ◽

Vascular Bundles ◽

Crude Fibre ◽

Benincasa Hispida ◽

Anomocytic Stomata ◽

Male Flowers ◽

Phytochemical Studies ◽

First Time

The morphological and anatomical studies of Benincasa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn. from Nigeria was carried out with the view to reporting morphological and anatomical characteristics for the first time. Physical and microscopic (microtomy) observations were used. B. hispida is a monoecious climbing or trailing herb, stem hairy, 5-angled, with suborbicular stipuliform bract at the petiole-base; leaves simple, very hairy on both surface, alternate, blade palmately or ovate in young plant, base cordate. Flowering occurs between April and May. Female flowers solitary, male flowers solitary or in a slender-pedunculate racemes, petals-5, cream, yellow or pale yellow, ovary ellipsoid, ovules many, stigma 3-lobed and stamen 3. Fruits are large, weighs 8.5 - 9.0 kg, succulent, densely hairy when young, with a thick waxy deposit when mature, cylindrical to oblong with hairy stalk. Seeds are ovate-obovate, cream. Leaves and petals of male flower are amphistomatic with anomocytic, tetracytic and anisocytic stomata while petals of the female flower are hypostomatic with anomocytic stomata only on the abaxial surface. It has glandular and non-glandular trichomes with uniseriate stalk, clavate and multicellular gland heads. The midrib, petiole, stem, tendril, male and female flower stalks and tendril have hollow pith with 3, 9, 6-7, 16, 14 and 10 bicollateral vascular bundles respectively. The percentage crude protein, ash, carbohydrate, lipid, crude fibre, alkaloid, flavonoid, tannin and phytate could account for the numerous medicinal properties.

Download Full-text

Aspectos da estrutura foliar de Stevia cinerascens Sch. - Bip. (Compositae)

Ciência e Natura ◽

10.5902/2179460x25475 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 129

Author(s):

Amélia Moema Veiga Lopes ◽

Maria Helena Cechella Achutti ◽

Thereza Grassiolli ◽

Sérgio Augusto de Loreto Bordignon

Keyword(s):

Structural Variation ◽

Glandular Trichomes ◽

Anatomical Study ◽

Vascular Bundles ◽

Stereological Method ◽

Anomocytic Stomata ◽

Secretory Canals ◽

Perforation Plates ◽

Shade Leaves

Leaves of odorous plants (sample A) and no odorous ones (sample B), showing diverse habits and growing in different habitats were studied. Clarified leaves were used for the blade architecture study and sections of alive and fixed leaves for the anatomical study. The determination of occupied area by epidermal cells, stomata and trichomes according to the stereological method was done. The structure of leaves is dorsiventral. They are amphistomatic with anomocytic stomata. The trichomes are simples conical, simple filiforme and biseriate vesicular glandular types. The venation is acrodromous. The vascular bundles have a collateral arrangement. The bundle sheath of the small vascular bundles located in the mesophyll is parenchymatic. The vessel members have simple perforation plates. Schizogenous secretory canals accompany the primary veins and sometimes the secondary veins. The collenchyma is present beneath the epidermis of the larger veins. The biseriate vesicular glandular trichomes differentiation, subtype α (sample A) and subtype β (sample B) and features frequent in sun (sample A) and shade leaves (sample B) are structural variation showed by these leaves.

Download Full-text

An effectiveness of training program on COVID-19 among healthcare students: A cross section study

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl1.3613 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽

pp. 1250-1254

Author(s):

Kurvatteppa Halemani ◽

Merlin Cheema ◽

Shabana Khatun ◽

Yadidya ◽

Bhumika Singh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nursing Students ◽

Training Program ◽

Cross Section ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Teaching Session ◽

Post Intervention ◽

Post Test ◽

College Of Nursing ◽

Novel Coronavirus ◽

First Time

The pandemic COVID-19 is a highly infected disease caused by a novel coronavirus or SARS-Cov-2. The virus was reported for the first time December 2019 in, China's Wuhan province. Later the virus has broken down into the world and claimed millions of lives. In India, the disease was reported for the first time in Kerala on 30th January 2020. a cross-section one group pre-test & post-test research design was used among the 40 final year BSc nursing students, College of Nursing SGPGIMS, Lucknow India. Samples were selected based on purposive sampling technique and sample criteria. An instrument, the first tool included demographic characteristics Similarly, second instrument used for knowledge assessment. After pre-test assessment, a teaching session was held at the seminar room, college of nursing SGPGIMS Lucknow, India. Subsequently post assessment was held after intervention. A total of 40 participants responded to the study. Demographic variables like 30(75%) participants had less than 22 years of age, 22(55%) were girls, 14(35%) families income found INR 10000-15000, and the majority of participants obtained COVID-19 related knowledge from news paper16(40%). A gender was found significant with pretest knowledge, and other variables weren't found significant (P=0.05). Knowledge mean & standard deviation in pre & post-intervention, 11.90±2.16 vs15.82±1.39. The mean difference was found in a pre-test & post-test-1 &post-test-2, 3.9, 5.02, & 1.1, respectively. The effectiveness of the training program was checked by paired t-test -10.20 & -13.93, P=0.00. The study revealed that the teaching session was efficient in the COVID-19 program among BSc nursing students.

Download Full-text

Histochemical and Phytochemical Analysis of Lamium album subsp. album L. Corolla: Essential Oil, Triterpenes, and Iridoids

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26144166 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (14) ◽

pp. 4166

Author(s):

Agata Konarska ◽

Elżbieta Weryszko-Chmielewska ◽

Anna Matysik-Woźniak ◽

Aneta Sulborska ◽

Beata Polak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

High Performance ◽

Glandular Trichomes ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Lipophilic Compounds ◽

Histochemical Tests ◽

Microscopy Techniques ◽

Trichome Types ◽

First Time

The aim of this study was to conduct a histochemical analysis to localize lipids, terpenes, essential oil, and iridoids in the trichomes of the L. album subsp. album corolla. Morphometric examinations of individual trichome types were performed. Light and scanning electron microscopy techniques were used to show the micromorphology and localization of lipophilic compounds and iridoids in secretory trichomes with the use of histochemical tests. Additionally, the content of essential oil and its components were determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Qualitative analyses of triterpenes carried out using high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) coupled with densitometric detection, and the iridoid content expressed as aucubin was examined with spectrophotometric techniques. We showed the presence of iridoids and different lipophilic compounds in papillae and glandular and non-glandular trichomes. On average, the flowers of L. album subsp. album yielded 0.04 mL/kg of essential oil, which was dominated by aldehydes, sesquiterpenes, and alkanes. The extract of the L. album subsp. album corolla contained 1.5 × 10−3 ± 4.3 × 10−4 mg/mL of iridoid aucubin and three triterpenes: oleanolic acid, β-amyrin, and β-amyrin acetate. Aucubin and β-amyrin acetate were detected for the first time. We suggest the use of L. album subsp. album flowers as supplements in human nutrition.

Download Full-text

On the shape of cicada’s wing leading-edge cross section

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-87504-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Rachel M. Starkweather ◽

Svetlana V. Poroseva ◽

David T. Hanson

Keyword(s):

Cross Section ◽

Insect Flight ◽

Leading Edge ◽

Flight Performance ◽

Cross Section Shape ◽

Section Shape ◽

First Time

AbstractAn important role that the leading-edge cross-section shape plays in the wing flight performance is well known in aeronautics. However, little is known about the shape of the leading-edge cross section of an insect’s wing and its contribution to remarkable qualities of insect flight. In this paper, we reveal, in the first time, the shape of the leading-edge cross section of a cicada’s wing and analyze its variability along the wing. We also identify and quantify similarities in characteristic dimensions of this shape in the wings of three different cicada species.

Download Full-text

Scanning Electron Microscopy Coupled with Energy Dispersive Spectrometric Analysis Reveals for the First Time Weddellite and Sylvite Crystals on the Surface of Involucral Bracts and Petals of two Xeranthemum L. (Compositae) Species

Microscopy and Microanalysis ◽

10.1017/s1431927617000551 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 679-686 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Milan Gavrilović ◽

Suzana Erić ◽

Petar D. Marin ◽

Núria Garcia-Jacas ◽

Alfonso Susanna ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Glandular Trichomes ◽

Energy Dispersive ◽

Spectrometric Analysis ◽

Eds Analysis ◽

Taxonomic Studies ◽

First Time ◽

Tetragonal Bipyramid ◽

Scanning Electron

AbstractIn this work, weddellite and sylvite crystals are identified for the first time on the involucral bracts and petals of Xeranthemum annuum and Xeranthemum cylindraceum using scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectrometric (SEM-EDS) analysis. Well-developed crystals of weddellite (CaC2O4·2H2O) occur in the form of a tetragonal bipyramid (hhl), rarely in combination of a bipyramid and tetragonal prism (h00). Indumentum of involucral bracts of X. cylindraceum consists of nonglandular and glandular trichomes. Sylvite (KCl) crystals are observed only on the petal surface of X. cylindraceum. The crystals of sylvite occur in the form of perfect cubes (hexahedrons), but some crystals are deformed, i.e., partially elongated. Taxonomic significance of investigated microcharacters as well as the use of SEM-EDS analysis in taxonomic studies of plants are discussed.

Download Full-text

A Novel Photosynthesis of Carboxymethyl Starch-Stabilized Silver Nanoparticles

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2014/514563 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

M. A. El-Sheikh

Keyword(s):

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Colloidal Solution ◽

Synthesis Method ◽

Silver Ions ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Synthesis Process ◽

Carboxymethyl Starch ◽

Round Shape ◽

First Time

The water soluble photoinitiator (PI) 4-(trimethyl ammonium methyl) benzophenone chloride is used for the first time in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). A new green synthesis method involves using PI/UV system, carboxymethyl starch (CMS), silver nitrate, and water. A mechanism of the reduction of silver ions to AgNPs by PI/UV system as well as by the newly born aldehydic groups was proposed. The synthesis process was assessed by UV-vis spectra and TEM of AgNPs colloidal solution. The highest absorbance was obtained using CMS, PI and AgNO3concentrations of 10 g/L, 1 g/L, and 1 g/L, respectively; 40°C; 60 min; pH 7; and a material : liquor ratio 1 : 20. AgNPs so-obtained were stable in aqueous solution over a period of three weeks at room temperature (~25°C) and have round shape morphology. The sizes of synthesized AgNPs were in the range of 1–21 nm and the highest counts % of these particles were for particles of 6–10 and 1–3 nm, respectively.

Download Full-text

Morphology and anatomy of leaf mine in Richterago riparia Roque (Asteraceae) in the campos rupestres of Serra do Cipó, Brazil

Brazilian Journal of Biology ◽

10.1590/s1519-69842002000100020 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 62 (1) ◽

pp. 179-185 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

G. F. A. MELO DE PINNA ◽

J. E. KRAUS ◽

N. L. de MENEZES

Keyword(s):

Host Plant ◽

Vascular System ◽

Glandular Trichomes ◽

Protective Layer ◽

Vascular Bundles ◽

Campos Rupestres ◽

Structural Alterations ◽

Serra Do Cipó ◽

Phenolic Substances

The leaf mine in Richterago riparia is caused by a lepidopteran larva (lepidopteronome). The leaves of R. riparia show campdodrome venation; the epidermis is unistratified, with stomata and glandular trichomes in adaxial and abaxial surfaces. The mesophyll is bilateral and the vascular system is collateral. During the formation of the mine, the larva consumes the chlorenchyma of the mesophyll and the smaller vascular bundles (veins of third and fourth orders). Structural alterations in the tissues of the host plant were not observed, except for the formation of a wound meristem and the presence of cells with phenolic substances next to the mine. Three cephalic exuviae of the miner were found in the mesophyll. This lepidopteronome is parenchymatic and the epidermis remains intact, but forms a protective layer for the mining insect.

Download Full-text