scholarly journals ANN prediction of the decolourisation efficiency of the organic dyes in wastewater by plasma needle

2020 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 831-844
Author(s):  
Tatjana Mitrovic ◽  
Mirjana Ristic ◽  
Aleksandra Peric-Grujic ◽  
Sasa Lazovic
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Organic Dyes ◽  
Reactive Orange 16 ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Plasma Needle ◽  
Artificial Neural Network Ann ◽  
Reactive Orange

In this paper, the results of decolourisation of Reactive Orange 16 (RO 16), Reactive Blue 19 (RB 19) and Direct Red 28 (DR 28) textile dyes in aqueous solution by plasma needle are presented. Treatment time, feed gas flow rate (1, 4 and 8 dm3 min-1) and gas composition (Ar, Ar/O2) were optimized to achieve the best performance of the plasma treatment. An artificial neural network (ANN) was used for the prediction of parameters relevant for the decolourisation outcome. It was found that more than 95 % decolourisation could be achieved for all three dyes after plasma treatment, although the decolourisation of DR 28 was much slower than those of the other two dyes, which could be explained by the complexity of its molecular structure. It was concluded that the oxidation was very dependent on all three mentioned parameters. The ANN predicted the treatment time as the crucial factor for decolourisation performance of RO 16 and DR 28, while the Ar flow rate was the most relevant for RB 19 decolourisation. The obtained results suggest that the plasma needle is a promising tool for the oxidation of organic pollutants and that an ANN could be used for optimization of the treatment parameters to achieve high removal rates.

scholarly journals Heterogeneous Bonding of PMMA and Double-Sided Polished Silicon Wafers through H2O Plasma Treatment for Microfluidic Devices

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 580
Author(s):  
Chao-Ching Chiang ◽  
Philip Nathaniel Immanuel ◽  
Yi-Hsiung Chiu ◽  
Song-Jeng Huang
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Microfluidic Devices ◽  
Oh Radicals ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Oh Groups ◽  
Plasma Treatment Time

In this work we report on a rapid, easy-to-operate, lossless, room temperature heterogeneous H2O plasma treatment process for the bonding of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and double-sided polished (DSP) silicon substrates by for utilization in sandwich structured microfluidic devices. The heterogeneous bonding of the sandwich structure produced by the H2O plasma is analyzed, and the effect of heterogeneous bonding of free radicals and high charge electrons (e−) in the formed plasma which causes a passivation phenomenon during the bonding process investigated. The PMMA and silicon surface treatments were performed at a constant radio frequency (RF) power and H2O flow rate. Changing plasma treatment time and powers for both processes were investigated during the experiments. The gas flow rate was controlled to cause ionization of plasma and the dissociation of water vapor from hydrogen (H) atoms and hydroxyl (OH) bonds, as confirmed by optical emission spectroscopy (OES). The OES results show the relative intensity peaks emitted by the OH radicals, H and oxygen (O). The free energy is proportional to the plasma treatment power and gas flow rate with H bonds forming between the adsorbed H2O and OH groups. The gas density generated saturated bonds at the interface, and the discharge energy that strengthened the OH-e− bonds. This method provides an ideal heterogeneous bonding technique which can be used to manufacture new types of microfluidic devices.

scholarly journals Interfacial performance and impact resistance of argon plasma treated UHMWPE/STF inter-ply hybrid composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 155892502110438
Author(s):  
Zixuan Liu ◽  
Keyi Wang ◽  
Huchen Wang ◽  
Letian Li ◽  
Huan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Ar Plasma ◽  
The Impact

This study explored the influence of low temperature glow discharged argon (Ar) plasma on interfacial performance and impact resistance of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) inter-ply hybrid composites. The composites were composed of UHMWPE and meta-aramid plain woven laminates with shear thickening fluid (STF). Water contact angle and drop-weight resistance of the composites with various Ar plasma treatment parameters were tested to investigate the interfacial performance and impact properties of the composites. The tested treatment parameters of this study included treating time, treating power, and gas flow rate. It was found that the best interfacial adhesion of UHMWPE and the impact resistance of the composites was realized at the plasma treatment power of 100 W, treatment time of 150 s, and gas flow rate of 4 sccm. In the follow-up research, this study conducted ballistic test to further explore the bulletproof effect and application prospect of this material.

Thermal plasma treatment of stormwater detention pond sludge

2008 ◽  
Vol 80 (9) ◽  
pp. 1993-2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jen-Shih Chang ◽  
Helena O. L. Li ◽  
Yiping Guo
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Thermal Plasma ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Air Flow Rate ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Detention Pond

A thermal plasma treatment experiment was conducted on stormwater detention pond sludge. The original sludge compositions were analyzed by neutron activation multi-element analysis. Thirty-two elements were detected in the sludge samples, and nine of them were below detection limit. The assessment of Zn, As, Mn, and Fe concentrations against the Ontario Ministry of Environment's Sediment Quality Guidelines indicated a marginal-to-significant pollution, and the concentration of Cr presented a gross pollution. After thermal plasma treatment, the mean weight percentage removal at 0 and 2 L/min of air flow rates was 2.78 ± 0.51 and 3.85 ± 1.35 %, respectively. The maximum weight removal of 5.87 % was achieved with 2 L/min air flow rate and 2 h of treatment time. Reduction of total organic carbon (TOC) increased with increasing treatment time and air flow rate. Eight gas compounds, CO, CO2, NO, NO2, NOx, SO2, H2S, and CxHy were measured and observed during the treatment process.

scholarly journals Plasma Degradation of Pesticides on the Surface of Corn and Evaluation of Its Quality Changes

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 8830
Author(s):  
Hongxia Liu ◽  
Dingmeng Guo ◽  
Xinxin Feng
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Quality Changes ◽  
Air Flow Rate ◽  
Acceptable Range ◽  
Significant Difference

Plasma is a surface decontamination tool that is widely used in the food fields for pesticide degradation. In this study the effect of plasma on pesticide elimination from the surface of corn and the corn quality changes were tested as functions of power, air flow rate, treatment time, and frequency. Results indicated that plasma treatment for 60 s at 1000 mL·min−1 air flow rate, power of 20 W, and frequency of 1200 Hz, achieved the largest degradation efficiency up to 86.2% for chlorpyrifos and 66.6% for carbaryl, both of which were below the maximum residues limit of grains. Most importantly, after plasma treatment, there was a remarkable decrease (p < 0.05) in moisture content and starch content for treated corn compared with control. The acid value for treated corn showed a prominent increase (p < 0.05), but within the acceptable range of the standard. The vitamin B2 content of treated corn did not show a significant difference (p > 0.05). All results of this study demonstrated that plasma treatment is a promising technology with the ability to remove pesticide residues on corn while maintaining its quality within acceptable limits.

Water Modeling Study on Removal of Inclusions in RH Degasser

2013 ◽  
Vol 423-426 ◽  
pp. 225-229
Author(s):  
Chun Jie Yang ◽  
Fu Ping Tang ◽  
Tao He
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Influence Factor ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Similarity Theory ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Vacuum Refining ◽  
Optimal Values

A physical model was established according to the similarity theory to simulate the real 175t RH-TB vacuum refining device. Liquid steel is simulated by Nacl solution, the air is approximate argon and polypropylene simulate inclusions. The influence regularity of treatment time ,lift gas flow rate and submersion depth of snorkels on the inclusions removal rate have been discussed, the optimal values for each influence factor have been found and can be used in optimizing the refining technology.

scholarly journals Facile preparation of copper impregnated aluminum pillared montmorillonite: nanoclays for wastewater treatment

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 553-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Tepmatee ◽  
P. Siriphannon
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalyst ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Reactive Orange 16 ◽  
Pillared Montmorillonites ◽  
Facile Preparation ◽  
Reactive Orange ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption Isotherms

Abstract Copper impregnated aluminum pillared montmorillonites (Cu-iAlpill-MMTs) were prepared by adding Cu2+ solution into dried aluminum polyohydroxy cation intercalated montmorillonite using various Cu2+ concentrations, i.e. 4, 7, 10 and 13 wt% and then calcining at 500°C. The Cu-iAlpill-MMTs possessed slit-liked mesopores with pore diameters of 3.3–3.8 nm and ~6–35 nm as observed from the nitrogen adsorption isotherms. The mesopore quantities of Cu-iAlpill-MMTs gradually decreased with the increase of impregnated Cu2+ concentrations. The impregnated CuO occupied not only the interior interlayers, but also the exterior surfaces of Cu-iAlpill-MMTs. The Cu-iAlpill-MMTs with 10 and 13 wt% of impregnated Cu2+ could inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli. The Cu-iAlpill-MMTs effectively acted as the heterogeneous catalyst for removal reactive orange 16 (RO16) in Fenton or photo-Fenton oxidation treatments. The higher impregnated Cu2+ and/or the longer treatment time brought about the higher percentage of RO16 removal.

Surface Treatment of Polystyrene Films with Inductively Coupled Plasma System

2008 ◽  
Vol 55-57 ◽  
pp. 753-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Nakhowong ◽  
Toemsak Srikhirin ◽  
Tanakorn Osotchan
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Argon Plasma ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Before And After

The surface of polystyrene (PS) thin films in argon plasma was modified to study the hydrophilicity properties. An inductively coupled plasma (ICP) system was used to generate the argon plasma. In the experiment, the effect of RF power levels, gas flow rate and treatment time was investigated. The surface morphology of PS films was examined by the atomic force microscopy (AFM), also the contact angle goniometry was used for measuring the wettability of PS films before and after plasma treatment. After the plasma treatment, AFM images of PS revealed the increasing of the surface roughness as increasing the power levels and treatment times. Moreover, after treated with argon plasma, the contact angles of polystyrene films also decrease where the power levels and treatment times were increased. It is clear that the effects of power levels and treatment time improve the wettability of PS films. It can also be observed that by placing the sample in air after plasma treatment, the contact angle gradually increases probably due to moisture absorption in the PS films.

scholarly journals Application of Cationic Surfactant Modified Mengkuang Leaves (Pandanus atrocapus) for the Removal of Reactive Orange 16 from Batik Wastewater: A Column Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Megat Ahmad Kamal Megat Hanafiah ◽  
Shariff Ibrahim ◽  
Nur Izah Fasihah Mohamad Subberi ◽  
Nesamalar Kantasamy ◽  
Is Fatimah
Keyword(s):  
Cationic Surfactant ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Dye Removal ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Breakthrough Time ◽  
Anionic Dye ◽  
Reactive Orange 16 ◽  
Bed Height ◽  
Reactive Orange

The feasibility of Mengkuang leaves (Pandanus atrocarpus) as a non-conventional low-cost adsorbent for the removal of an anionic dye, Reactive Orange 16 (RO16), was investigated. Among the dyes that have been commonly used in the Batik industry was reactive dye. In this study, Mengkuang leaves were chemically modified with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), a cationic surfactant, to improve their adsorption performance toward anionic dyes. The adsorbent’s morphological characteristics were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The surface of modified Mengkuang leaves seems to be irregular and uneven, with more porous structures than raw Mengkuang leaves. Adsorption of RO16 dye in fixed bed column using modified Mengkuang leaves adsorbent indicated the breakthrough time increased at higher bed height and lower flow rate. The breakthrough times for bed height of 0.5, 2, and 4 cm were at 16, 68, and 165 min, respectively. Meanwhile, breakthrough time for the flow rate of 2,5 and 7 mL.min-1 were at 327, 104, and 43 min, respectively. However, the study utilizing raw Mengkuang leaves showed no significant removal of RO16. Thus, it can be concluded that the cationic surfactant modification of Mengkuang leaves is advantageous for anionic dye removal. This anionic dye removal is significantly influenced by column parameters such as bed height and flow rate as the plotted breakthrough curves obtained from experimental data were similar to the typical breakthrough curve. When applied to the Yoon-Nelson model, the adsorption data provided the best fit with the R2 value above 0.95. The time taken for the breakthrough is very similar to model prediction values. Experiments with real batik dye wastewater showed the immense potential of modified Mengkuang leaves where total removal of real Batik wastewater was instantaneous.

Composite Materials Based on Plasma Treated Basalt Fibers for Heavy-Duty Concrete Products

2020 ◽  
Vol 299 ◽  
pp. 175-180
Author(s):  
Gulnara I. Amerkhanova ◽  
Aleksey I. Khatsrinov ◽  
Lyubov A. Zenitova
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Basalt Fiber ◽  
Rest Period ◽  
Chamber Pressure ◽  
Mass Percent ◽  
Curing Period ◽  
Mode 2 ◽  
Argon Mixture

The paper investigates the effect of plasma treatment of basalt fiber on its wettability, which is determined by the ability to absorb water. As the treatment time increases the wettability becomes higher, up to 10 minutes. The wettability-treatment power dependence passes through a maximum. The highest value is observed at a treatment power of 0.6 kW both on the day of treatment and after a 5-day rest period. A further growth in power not only does not increase this value, but in fact decreases it. The retreatment after a 5-day curing period yields lower results, but remains sufficiently high. The highest wettability is observed at a treatment power of 0.6 kW, gas flow rate of 0.04 g/s, chamber pressure of 20 Pa, air/argon mixture (1:1) as plasma support gas. The strength of concrete specimens BST V40 P2 was tested with two treatment modes: in mode 1 the treatment time was 10 minutes, the treatment power was 1.5 kW; and in mode 2 the treatment time was 5 minutes, the treatment power was 0.6 kW, with the addition of plasma treated basalt fiber (0.5 and 3 mass percent). Concrete has the highest strength when basalt fiber (3 mass percent) is subjected to plasma treatment in mode 2. In addition, the strength increases by 18 mass percent in comparison with the reference.

scholarly journals Developing Super-Hydrophobic and Abrasion-Resistant Wool Fabrics Using Low-Pressure Hexafluoroethane Plasma Treatment

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3228
Author(s):  
Shama Parveen ◽  
Sohel Rana ◽  
Parikshit Goswami
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Abrasion Resistance ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Plasma Parameters ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Wool Fabrics

The growing interest in wool fibres as an eco-friendly and sustainable material for diverse industrial applications requires an enhancement of their functional performance. To address this, wool fabrics were treated in the present research with low-pressure hexafluoroethane (C2F6) plasma to impart superhydrophobicity and improve their abrasion resistance. Unscoured and scoured wool fabrics were treated with C2F6 while varying plasma power (80 W and 150 W), gas flow rate (12 sccm and 50 sccm) and treatment time (6 min and 20 min), and the effect of plasma parameters on the abrasion resistance, water contact angle and dyeing behaviour of the wool fabrics was studied. Martindale abrasion testing showed that the surface abrasion of the wool fabrics increased with the number of abrasion cycles, and the samples treated with 150 W, 20 min, 12 sccm showed superior abrasion resistance. The scoured wool fabrics showed a contact angle of ~124°, which was stable for only 4 min 40 s, whereas the plasma-treated samples showed a stable contact angle of over 150°, exhibiting a stable superhydrophobic behaviour. The C2F6 plasma treatment also significantly reduced the exhaustion of an acid dye by wool fabrics. The EDX study confirmed the deposition of fluorine-containing elements on the wool fabrics significantly altering their properties.

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