scholarly journals Exploration of personality in the patients with the inflammatory bowel disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
pp. 1217-1226
Author(s):  
Lela Trikos ◽  
Njegica Jojic ◽  
Goran Knezevic ◽  
Marko Zivanovic ◽  
Petar Svorcan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Normative Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neo Personality Inventory ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Domain Level

Background/Aim. Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), which include the ulcerative colitis (UC) and the Crohn?s disease (CD), are chronic diseases, the course of which is under the influence of numerous psychosocial factors. The aim of this study was the exploration of the personality traits of patients with IBD. Methods. This cross-sectional study has been conducted at the University Clinical Hospital Centre Zvezdara, Belgrade, Serbia. The study involved 150 patients suffering from IBD of both genders, out of which 50.7% and 49.3% of the patients suffering from UC and CD, respectively. The main inclusion criteria were: age 18 to 65 years and confirmed the diagnosis of UC or CD in remission. The sociodemographic and disease related data were collected from the hospital medical records. The personality traits related data were collected using the self-report forms of The Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI?R) and the inventory for the Assessment of Dysregulation (DELTA 10). Results. At the domain-level, the significant differences between IBD sample and normative sample were found in the Neuroticism (p < 0.01) and the Disintegration (p < 0.01). At the facet-level, the IBD sample scored significantly higher than the normative sample on Anxiety (p < 0.01), Assertiveness (p < 0.01), Tender-Mindedness (p < 0.01) and Dutifulness (p < 0.01), and the significantly lower scores on Warmth (p < 0.01), Excitement Seeking (p < 0.01), Positive Emotion (p < 0.01), Actions (p < 0.01), and on the all facets of Disintegration except Depression, Somatoform Dysregulation and Social Anhedonia (p < 0.01). The differences between UC and CD were found only at the facetlevel. The facets that adds the most predictive power to the discriminative function is the General Executive Impairment, followed by Warmth, Self-Discipline, Depression and Mania. Conclusion. The IBD patients showed to differ from the general population in terms of basic personality structure at the domain-level, and at the facet-level. The differences between the UC and CD patients can be found only at the facet-level. Screening of the personality traits and early detection of the IBD patients who are at a greater risk of mental disorders and bad psychosocial functioning can enable their adequate prevention and improve the course of the disease.

scholarly journals Predicting Addiction Susceptibility Based on Big Five Personality Traits

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Zeighami ◽  
Seyede Marzieh Hosseini ◽  
Navid Mohammadi ◽  
Saeed Shahsavari
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Traits ◽  
Neo Personality Inventory ◽  
Spss Software

Background: Addiction is one of the most prominent problems and the fourth leading crisis worldwide. In Iran, this issue is more complicated because of increasing young population in this country. Objectives: This study aimed to predict addiction susceptibility regarding students’ personality traits at Qazvin universities. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 227 students from Qazvin universities were selected using the multistage random stratified sampling method. Data collection tools were demographic information form, Addiction Susceptibility questionnaire (ASQ), and NEO personality inventory. After collecting the required data, SPSS software version 21 was used to analyze the data by running variance analysis and paired sample t-test. Results: In this study, neuroticism (P = 0.031) and openness (P = 0.043) with regression coefficients of 0.584 and 0.586 had positive and significant effects on addiction susceptibility, respectively. In contrast, extraversion (P = 0.023), agreeableness (P = 0.038), and consciousness (P < 0.001) with regression coefficients of -0.639, -0.186, and -1.342 had negative and significant effects on addiction susceptibility, respectively. Conclusions: The findings revealed a significant relationship between personality traits and addiction susceptibility. Accordingly, the aforementioned psychological traits must be empathized in educational, preventive, and therapeutic programs so that the vulnerable groups, including students, would receive some help.

scholarly journals Personality Traits and Ethical Belief as Factors Influencing Fraud Intent Behaviour among Bank Employees in Ibadan, Nigeria.

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Ajibola Abdulrahamon Ishola ◽  
Akeem Adekunle Kenku ◽  
Olufunmilayo Adedayo
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ethical Philosophy ◽  
Ethical Beliefs ◽  
Bank Employees ◽  
Dispositional Factors

Fraud is an ever-growing problem for financial institutions in Nigeria, with criminals using a wide variety of methods. Unfortunately, employees were fingered in most of these fraudulent activities. Previous studies focused on contextual and organizational antecedents of motivating engagement in fraudulent practices and less on employees’ dispositional factors. This study examined the role of personality traits and ethical beliefs on fraudulent behaviour among bank employees. The study was a cross-sectional study. Three hundred and fifty-three (353) employees in the middle to junior level management cadre were selected through stratified sampling technique from banking organisations operating in the Ibadan metropolis. The respondents responded to a self-report questionnaire measuring fraudulent behaviour intention and red flags; personality traits and Ethical position questionnaire. Two hypotheses were tested using multiple regression, Pearson correlation analysis and ANOVA at p≤0.05. Results demonstrated that conscientiousness personality trait was the only predictor of fraud intent behaviour among the personality variables. Employees with Absolutist ethical principles reported lower fraud intent behaviour than those with subjectivist ethical philosophy. The study concludes that personality traits and ethical beliefs were powerful motivators for fraud behavior. Thus, fraud and HR experts were enjoined to utilize psychological profiles in fraud investigations and selection of employees.

Coping Style as a Mediator of the Relationship Between Depressive Symptoms and Deliberate Self-Harm

Crisis ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 272-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison S. Christian ◽  
Kristen M. McCabe
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Self Blame ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Deliberate self-harm (DSH) occurs with high frequency among clinical and nonclinical youth populations. Although depression has been consistently linked with the behavior, not all depressed individuals engage in DSH. Aims: The current study examined maladaptive coping strategies (i.e., self-blame, distancing, and self-isolation) as mediators between depression and DSH among undergraduate students. Methods: 202 students from undergraduate psychology courses at a private university in Southern California (77.7% women) completed anonymous self-report measures. Results: A hierarchical regression model found no differences in DSH history across demographic variables. Among coping variables, self-isolation alone was significantly related to DSH. A full meditational model was supported: Depressive symptoms were significantly related to DSH, but adding self-isolation to the model rendered the relationship nonsignificant. Limitations: The cross-sectional study design prevents determination of whether a casual relation exists between self-isolation and DSH, and obscures the direction of that relationship. Conclusions: Results suggest targeting self-isolation as a means of DSH prevention and intervention among nonclinical, youth populations.

Does Dispositional Mindfulness Predict the Development of Grit?

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Buaphrao Raphiphatthana ◽  
Paul Jose ◽  
Karen Salmon
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Dispositional Mindfulness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Self Report Data ◽  
Acting With Awareness ◽  
Mindfulness Facets

Abstract. Grit, that is, perseverance and passion for long-term goals, is a novel construct that has gained attention in recent years ( Duckworth, Peterson, Matthews, & Kelly, 2007 ). To date, little research has been performed with the goal of identifying the antecedents of grit. Thus, in order to fill this gap in the literature, self-report data were collected to examine whether mindfulness, a mindset of being-in-the-present in a nonjudgmental way, plays a role in fostering grittiness. Three hundred and forty-three undergraduate students completed an online survey once in a cross-sectional study, and of these, 74 students completed the survey again 4.5 months later. Although the cross-sectional analyses identified a number of positive associations between mindfulness and grit, the longitudinal analysis revealed that the mindfulness facets of acting with awareness and non-judging were the most important positive predictors of grit 4.5 months later. This set of findings offers implications for future grit interventions.

Individual differences related to present and future mental orientation predict the sense of time

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Wittmann ◽  
Henrike Fiedler ◽  
Wilhelm Gros ◽  
Julia Mossbridge ◽  
Cintia Retz Lucci
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Reproduction Task ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Waiting Period ◽  
Frequency Scale ◽  
Temporal Intervals ◽  
Sense Of Time

With this cross-sectional study we investigated how individual differences regarding present- and future-oriented mental processes are related to the experience of time in the seconds and minutes range. A sample of students (N = 100) filled out self-report measures of time perspective (ZTPI), mindfulness (FMI), impulsiveness (BIS), and the daydreaming frequency scale (DDFS). Furthermore they were asked to (a) retrospectively judge the duration of a waiting period of five minutes, and (b) to prospectively perform an visual duration reproduction task with intervals of 3, 6, and 9 seconds. Regression models show that (a) being more present fatalistic (ZTPI) and more impulsive are related to longer duration estimates of the waiting period, and (b) having a stronger propensity to daydream leads to a stronger under-reproduction of temporal intervals. These findings show how personality traits related to present orientation are associated with the state-like perception of duration.

scholarly journals Personality Prototypes in People with Type 1 Diabetes and Their Relationship with Adherence

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4818
Author(s):  
Carmen Sánchez-Urbano ◽  
María J. Pino ◽  
Carlos Herruzo
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Guidelines

Type 1 diabetes (Dm1) is a chronic endocrine and metabolic disease that affects the whole person and requires active, decisive treatment. However, personality traits may influence a patient’s adherence to treatment guidelines. The objective of this work is firstly to identify the 3 Asendorpf personality prototypes (resilient, undercontrolled and overcontrolled) in a sample of Dm1 individuals and determine whether there are any differences in comparison with a control sample; and, secondly, to study their association with adherence to self-care guidelines using both physiological indicators (HbA1C) and self-report measures. To achieve these objectives, a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out. The sample comprised 294 participants, of whom 104 were people with Dm1 and 190 were controls. The participants, aged between 14 and 34 years, were classified by their scores in NEO-FFI-R, according to the personality characteristics inherent to Asendorpf’s prototypes. Asendorpf’s 3 prototypical personality patterns were found both in the group of people with Dm1 and in the control sample. These patterns showed different degrees of association with adherence to self-care guidelines for this disease and with psychological health factors. Importance should therefore be attached to the personality traits and Asendorpf prototypes of people with Dm1 when proposing interventions to address medical, psychological, and behavioral aspects.

scholarly journals Prevalence of disabilities and non-communicable diseases in an elderly population in the Telangana state, India: a population-based cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e041755
Author(s):  
Srinivas Marmamula ◽  
Satya Brahmanandam Modepalli ◽  
Thirupathi Reddy Kumbham ◽  
Rajesh Challa ◽  
Jill E Keeffe
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Population ◽  
Self Care ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

ObjectivesTo assess the prevalence of disabilities (vision, hearing, mobility, cognitive, self-care and communication) and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among the elderly population in two districts in Telangana, India.DesignPopulation-based cross-sectional study using a cluster random sampling method to select the study clusters.SettingElderly population in Khammam and Warangal districts were recruited. Detailed interviews were conducted by trained community health workers. Personal and demographic information such as age, gender, level of education and a self-report of NCDs was collected. The Washington Disability Questionnaire was administered to assess the presence of disabilities.Participants1821 participants aged ≥60 years, 54.5% were women, and 73.3% had no education.Primary outcome measurePrevalence of disabilities and NCDs.ResultsOverall, the prevalence of at least disability was 20.3% (95% CI 16.3 to 24.9). The prevalence of self- reported disabilities were: seeing (5.9%; 95% CI 4.4 to 7.8), mobility (12.8%; 95% CI 9.7 to 16.8), hearing (3.6%; 95% CI 2.7 to 4.8), cognition (4.8%; 95% CI 3.5 to 6.7), self-care (3.3%; 95% CI 2.3 to 4.7) and communication (1.8%; 95% CI 1.2 to 2.6). Overall, the prevalence of at least one NCD was 34.2% (95% CI 30.9 to 37.7). Hypertension was the most common systemic condition (25.4%; 95% CI 22.4 to 28.7), followed by diabetes (9.0%; 95% CI 7.3 to 11.0), and body pains (muscle-skeletal) (9.9%; 95% CI 8.1 to 12.2).ConclusionEvery fifth elderly person in the districts of Khammam and Warangal in Telangana had at least one self-reported disability. Besides, a third of the elderly had at least one NCD. There is a definite need to develop comprehensive public health strategies to address disabilities and NCDs in Telangana.

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