Public Opinion and the Intellectuals

1954 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-339
Author(s):  
Francis G. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Social Group ◽  
Civil Liberty ◽  
Theoretical Relation ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Scientific Hypothesis ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Way

A study of the relation of intellectuals to public opinion suggests the outlines of a sociology of the intellectuals as a functioning social group. The libertas philosophandi has long been asserted by the educated elite, and in pre-democratic days the theoretical relation to public opinion was quite clear. Philosophers have had the civil liberty to criticize government, but the same right was not generously extended to the vulgar conscience, or the common men who composed the “open public.” Actually, the rise of democracy has not really clarified the issue, though the mass or Gnostic movements of modern times have asserted the right to judge the government, the intellectuals, and any other group that might stand in the way of political victory. The democratic intellectual can hardly say that the revolting mass does not have the right to judge him, but he can and does say that public opinion must be reformed, purified, educated, or directed by the latest in scientific hypothesis. More especially, however, the modern selfconscious intellectuals have directed their fire against other groups or elites who have a following and who in fact provide a pluralistic leadership of public opinion.

French labour reform may be watered down further

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Current State ◽  
Significant Step ◽  
Promotional Campaign ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right

Significance The draft law was presented by Labour Minister Myriam El Khomry in late February and aims at introducing more flexibility in France's rigid labour market. The government has led a promotional campaign in favour of the reform, against a backdrop of opposition from trade unions, students and public opinion. Valls has watered down the most controversial proposals but even in its current state the proposed reform would be a significant step forward. Impacts The government will need to assemble a diverse majority spanning the centre-left to the centre-right in order to pass the draft law by July. Reformist trade unions support the revised version of the law but more militant unions maintain their opposition. The right wing and the main employer association oppose the revised draft which they consider not favourable enough to companies.

III. The Loyalist Association Movement of 1792–93 and British Public Opinion

1966 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald E. Ginter
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Late Spring ◽  
Careful Examination ◽  
The Political ◽  
Public Prosecution ◽  
Political Left ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
Political Scene

In November 1792 John Reeves, with the explicit approval and active sup-port of both the government and the Windhamite Whigs, and with the countenance of the duke of Portland and his friends, instituted a movement of loyalist associations which quickly spread throughout the country. The movement was founded in reaction to an enthusiastic resurgence of British radical activity which followed the defeat of the combined armies under the duke of Brunswick, and it rallied a now militant conservative sentiment in favour of detecting and suppressing by intimidation and public prosecution all allegedly seditious activities. This crisis in public opinion, which was at once the parent and the offspring of the loyalist association movement, was not the first to have occurred in 1792. An earlier crisis occurred in favour of the political left during the late spring of 1792 and was followed by a relatively mild reaction to the right. It seems clear that, during the earlier months of 1792 at least, there were considerable bodies of both conservative and liberal opinion of various shades in the country. But by the beginning of the following year the complexity and ferment of the political scene had become so great that it is not at all clear to what extent or how rapidly liberal opinion had been supplanted in the country by conservative sentiment. The purpose of this paper is to reassess the nature, effect and significance of the loyalist association movement by undertaking a more careful examination of the phraseology of many of its addresses and declarations as well as of the proceedings and circumstances peculiar to the meetings in which they were approved.

scholarly journals Printing House of Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russian Empire in Mid-19th — Early 20th Centuries: structure, functions, personnel

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
pp. 412-427
Author(s):  
V. A. Veremenko ◽  
E. N. Krylova
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
State Institution ◽  
Government Printing ◽  
Central State ◽  
Priority Direction ◽  
Internal Affairs ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
Printing House

The general characteristics of the government printing house that served the interests of Ministry of Internal Affairs in the middle of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries, from the moment the printing house was created in 1836 until the 1910s, when the government was forced to join the struggle for public opinion. The staff of the printing house of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, its structure and changes in personnel and functions are investigated. It is shown that the outbreak of the First Russian Revolution accelerated the transformation of the printing house of the Ministry of Internal Affairs from an institution dealing with printing works on the document circulation of the Ministry of Internal Affairs into a structure that performs important functions in the ideological struggle for public opinion. It is proved that at the beginning of the twentieth century the priority direction for the printing house of the Ministry of Internal Affairs was the task of printing government newspapers “Government Bulletin”, “Russian State”, “Evening addition to the Government Bulletin”, etc. The difference between the servants and the workers of the printing house of the central state institution is emphasized. It is noted that if the servants of the printing house of the Ministry of Internal Affairs initially had the right to receive a social package, then the workers of the printing house had to earn this right.

Irom Sharmila’s Struggle against Military Repression: A Critique

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-181
Author(s):  
Nandita Haksar
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Political Context ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Way

This article argues that although Irom Sharmila’s 16-year-old fast from November 2000 to August 2016 has earned her the status of an icon of non-violent protest, yet she did not seek these appellations; her only aim was to put moral pressure on the government to repeal the Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act, 1958. The article seeks to assess the efficacy of Irom Sharmila’s protest and how far it has helped or hindered in mobilizing public opinion against the Act. It propounds that the publicity around Irom Sharmila put her on a pedestal and trapped her in her own image, made invisible entire histories of sufferings of people in the northeast, including Manipur, and their struggles against the Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act. The gains of many struggles and efforts were wiped out of the collective memory of the nation and the only image of Manipur was this frail woman with a tube hanging from her nose. The article also argues that there is a kind of fetish in the way the media celebrates non-violence without reference to the political context.

Debt and Contract in the Common Law

1966 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Levontin
Keyword(s):  
Income Tax ◽  
Common Law ◽  
The Real ◽  
Real Nature ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
As If

The difference between what a man already owns, or property, and what he is only entitled to claim, or obligation, is fundamental. A debt represents what a man is entitled to claim, but because of its proximity to a claim in detinue and for other reasons to be hereafter discussed, it is for many purposes treated as if it were something that a man already owns. The owner of a debt may not help himself by seizing what he is owed and must, like the owner of any chose in action, implement his right with the cooperation of the debtor or else by resort to the courts. Nevertheless, he who owns a debt enjoys a peculiarly “strong” right. This strength derives in part from the “real” nature of the right; by virtue of this a creditor, such as a lender or an unpaid vendor, is treated in some respects almost as if he were already the owner of what is owed, in particular a lender as if he went on owning the money lent to the borrower. And even in cases where a debt does not originate in a real transaction (as, for instance, a judgment-debt or income tax owed to the government, in which cases the creditor has not previously given that, or the equivalent of that, which he now claims) it is still “strong” because the object in obligatione, viz. money or other fungibles, is “indestructible” and therefore a debt cannot be frustrated by impossibility.

scholarly journals Interrelationship among CE Adoption Obstacles of Supply Chain in the Textile Sector: Based on the DEMATEL-ISM Approach

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1425
Author(s):  
Wen-Kuo Chen ◽  
Ching-Torng Lin
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Business Models ◽  
The Common ◽  
Successful Business ◽  
The Government ◽  
Textile Supply Chain ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Control ◽  
Textile Sector

Globally, in the innovative and distributional circular textiles, the textile sector of Taiwan has a prominent place. Within the textile industry, the circular economy (CE) obstacles adopted have been studied by several scholars. However, the interrelationships among these obstacles are easily ignored. The present study aimed to identify CE adoption obstacles from the supply chain (SC) perspective in Taiwan’s textile sector by analyzing the interrelationships among the CE adoption obstacles and establishing a hierarchical network and the causal inter relationships of the identified obstacles. Furthermore, the CE adoption obstacles and interrelationships were analyzed using interpretative structural modeling and the decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (ISM-DEMATEL). The common results of the two methods demonstrated that two obstacles, consumers not having sufficient knowledge and awareness of reuse/recycling (B1) and a lack of successful business models and frameworks for CE implementation (B3), were the significant obstacles influencing adopting CE in the textile supply chain, while the obstacle making the most efficient way (B12) of the right decision to implement CE was minor. Thus, the government should formulate friendly laws and regulations that encourage CE adoption, while textile firms should monitor and control recycling and efficiency approaches handling the CE adoption problems. Our results could offer first-hand knowledge to textile firms or managers to effetely achieve CE implementation objectives.

scholarly journals Collective Bargaining by Civil Servants

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-53
Author(s):  
Andy Andras
Keyword(s):  
Collective Bargaining ◽  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
Civil Liberty ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Fundamental Fact ◽  
Basic Need ◽  
The Government ◽  
Fact Finding ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

Summary In this article, the Author describes organization as a fundamental fact of life and the right of association as a civil liberty and a basic need for civil servants. Should these remain suppliant, or become truly demanding? Collective bargaining brings about important changes in the relationship between the parties which are all to the good. The Author examines various alternatives (strike, arbitration, conciliation, fact-finding boards) for dispute settlement, describes the scope of bargaining and the problems of representation of the civil servants, paving the way toward "a sounder relationship" between them and the government.

Charles Grey and His Pungent Pen

1969 ◽  
Vol 73 (706) ◽  
pp. 839-852
Author(s):  
Thurstan James
Keyword(s):  
Civil Servants ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Right ◽  
Technical Achievement ◽  
The Way

In their time few writings on the .subject of aviation can have been as avidly read, as furiously debated and as lovingly quoted, as have those signed “C.G.G.” The initials stand for Charles Grey Grey. Spelt with an “E”. Both times. My recollections are of a man with no special gifts in the way of scientific ability or technical achievement 'who, in the most advanced industry of his day, grew to a stature when he became a figure of much concern to industrialists and civil servants alike. He walked and flew with dictators but, though very much a man of the right, never lost the common touch. Somebody, I think it was the late Roland Dangerfield, called him a “democratic old aristocrat”.

scholarly journals Can Trees Help Put Water Back Into the Soil?

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Cristina Tonello ◽  
Julieta Bramorski
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
The South ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Right ◽  
Common Plant ◽  
Common Plant Species ◽  
The Way

Just to the south of the Amazon, there is a vast and biodiverse savanna that scientists believe is under even greater threat, called the Cerrado. Scientists want to understand how the plants that live in the Cerrado affect the rainfall that enters the ground to recharge the aquifer. Many of these plants are trees that capture rainwater and drain it down their bark-covered branches and trunks. This water, called stemflow, may be one way to recharge the aquifer, if the branches and bark of the trees are the right size and shape. This article will introduce the common plant species of the Cerrado, describe how they affect the way rainfall enters the ground, and discuss how bark and branches may help conserve water.

scholarly journals AN EXPLORATORY STUDY ON EFFICACY OF DEMONETIZATION IN INDIA: POLICY ROLLOUT ON DEMONETIZING OLD CURRENCY

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Abdul Masood Panah ◽  
Y. Muniraju
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Region ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Ordinal Regression ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Government ◽  
Digital Transactions ◽  
The Right

Demonetization is the process of declining the use of currency from circulation by the government or monetary authorities in a country. This research paper analyses the efficacy of Indian demonetization from common public perspectives, the policy that the government of India has implemented to fight against black money, drying the financial roots of terrorism, and direct the civilization towards digital transactions and a cashless economy. A field survey was conducted in Karnataka and Kerala’s coastal region by distributing a structured questionnaire among the common public to generate the data. The authors run descriptive statistics and ordinal regression analysis to obtain the result for the study’s objectives. The descriptive statistics result found that demonetization increased the number of bank account holders in India. There is not much impact of demonetization on controlling evasion of tax and illegal investments of black money, and the policy adversely affects regular business in the country. The findings from ordinal regression reveal that the time frame was given to the public to demonetize their old notes were sufficient; money circulation was well planned at the time of demonetization. The policy implemented at the right time and the common public, despite facing enormous challenges while purchasing goods and services at the time of demonetization, considers that demonetization implementation was effective. JEL Classification Codes: E5, E6, E7, E58, E60.

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