ON THE ROLE OF ALCHEMY AND CHEMISTRY IN RUSSIAN LITERATURE AND CULTURE FROM PETER THE GREAT TO THE POST-SOVIET PERIOD

2018 ◽  
pp. 185-206
Author(s):  
Lillian Jorunn Helle
Keyword(s):  
Russian Literature ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Peter The Great ◽  
Post Soviet Period

POST-SOVIET CITY AS A PALIMPSEST

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-68
Author(s):  
Elena A. Kosovan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
The Coordinator ◽  
Post Soviet Period

The author of the publication reviews the photobook “Palimpsests”, published in 2018 in the publishing house “Ad Marginem Press” with the support of the Heinrich Böll Foundation. The book presents photos of post-Soviet cities taken by M. Sher. Preface, the author of which is the coordinator of the “Democracy” program of the Heinrich Böll Foundation in Russia N. Fatykhova, as well as articles by M. Trudolyubov and K. Bush, which accompany these photos, contain explanation of the peculiarities of urban space formation and patterns of its habitation in the Soviet Union times and in the post-Soviet period. The author of the publication highly appreciates the publication under review. Analyzing the photographic works of M. Sher and their interpretation undertaken in the articles, the author of the publication agrees with the main conclusions of N. Fatykhova, M. Trudolyubov and K. Bush with regards to the importance of the role of the state in the processes of urban development and urbanization in the Soviet and post-Soviet space, but points out that the second factor that has a key influence on these processes is ownership relations. The paper positively assesses the approach proposed by the authors of the photobook to the study of the post-Soviet city as an architectural and landscape palimpsest consisting mainly of two layers, “socialist” and “capitalist”. The author of the publication specifically emphasizes the importance of analyzing the archetypal component of this palimpsest, pointing out that the articles published in the reviewed book do not pay sufficient attention to this issue. Particular importance is attributed by the author to the issue of metageography of post-Soviet cities and meta-geographical approach to their exploration. Emphasizing that the urban palimpsest is a system of realities, each in turn including a multitude of ideas, meanings, symbols, and interpretations, the author points out that the photobook “Palimpsests” is actually an invitation to a scientific game with space, which should start a new direction in the study of post-Soviet urban space.

KUMYK SATIRICAL AND HUMOROUS PROSE OF THE POST-SOVIET PERIOD

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
Malik Alievich Guseynov
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Social Component ◽  
The Social ◽  
Post Soviet Period

The article considers the Kumyk satirical-humorous prose of the last thirty years on the example of the work of its prominent representatives A. Mamaev and G. Konakbiev, highlights its individual trends, content, artistic features. It is noted that in it, with the leading role of small genres, we can see the activation of a short story of an anecdotal form, the weakening of the social component against the background of increased writers’ attention to private phenomena, an appeal to traditional moral values, active operation by such comic means as playing words, transitions from the author's position to the position of characters, dynamic plots, spectacular finals, etc.

scholarly journals GIS analysis of regional features of reproduction of the population in Kaluga region

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 320-332
Author(s):  
Viktoriya Esikova
Keyword(s):  
Visual Display ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Gis Analysis ◽  
Semantic Data ◽  
Regional Features ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
Kaluga Region ◽  
Post Soviet Period

Since the 1990s with the increase in the role of migration in the formation of the population in the post-Soviet space in the Kaluga region, as in other regions of Russia, the tendencies of population reproduction and its regional features have changed somewhat. There are many ways to analyze demographic processes. The advantage of the cartographic method is in the visual display of the characteristics of the objects of the territory in terms of space and time. With the use of geoinformation technologies, geographic information systems (GIS), in particular, it is worth talking about the improvement of the cartographic method and the formation of the geoinformation method in geography, new or previous methods and methods of cartography have appeared or have been updated, the study of demographic processes for the user of geoinformation systems proceeds more efficiently and quickly. In research were used descriptive-analytical, comparative, cartographic, geoinformation, centrographic methods. GIS analysis was carried out on the basis of the free cross-platform geographic information system QGIS (Quantum GIS). A unified technique for GIS analysis of the region’s demographic processes is being developed on the basis of methods and techniques of geoinformation modeling and mapping. For visualization and subsequent creation of maps, a number of methods and methods are used, including: typological, method of cartographic anamorphic images, method of qualitative and quantitative background, methods of areas, cartodiagrams, ranges of values, method of movement of arrows, etc. For geomodeling of the population reproduction in the Kaluga region, we have chosen 1989–2020. as covering the main trends of population reproduction in the post-Soviet period. As a result, we examined the demographic processes of the Kaluga region, namely, the regional features of the process of population reproduction in the region in the post-Soviet period and the role of migration as a factor in the formation of the population at this stage, the change in the settlement system within the region. The geodatabase “Demographic indicators of population reproduction in the Kaluga region” created for the analysis of regional features of the transformation of population reproduction, formed on the basis of custom sets of layers of spatial and semantic data of the districts of the Kaluga region, and built cartographic models.

scholarly journals The symbolic role of Nagorno-Karabakh for the Armenian and Azerbaijani nationalism in the post-Soviet period

Polylogos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (№ 4 (18)) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Zhanna Losich
Keyword(s):  
Symbolic Meaning ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Historical Justice ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
The Common ◽  
Historical Heritage ◽  
Post Soviet Period

The article examines the symbolic meaning of Nagorno-Karabakh (Artsakh) in the context of Armenian and Azerbaijani nationalism in the post-Soviet period. The author sets himself the task of identifying the key discursive elements constructed in the myths about Karabakh in the studied “nationalizing” states. The formation of Azerbaijani and Armenian identities, despite the common Soviet past, is conditioned by different internal and external conditions. Nevertheless, the mythical role of the Karabakh region has become an equally mobilizing core for the strengthening of Armenian and Azerbaijani nationalism. The author sees the conceptual components of the symbolic narrative about Artsakh for Armenian nationalism in such principles as the historical heritage, the image of the victim and the struggle for historical justice. For Azerbaijani nationalism, the author defines the place and role of Nagorno-Karabakh in the symbolism of territorial and state integrity.

scholarly journals Interaction between the Center and the Regions during the Development of the Treaty of Federation in 1992

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-104
Author(s):  
D. N. Shevelev ◽  
A. G. Melnik
Keyword(s):  
Central Government ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Post Soviet Period ◽  
Federal Center ◽  
Federal Structure

The article features the reforms of the federal structure in the 1990s and the development of the Treaty of Federation in 1992. It focuses on the practices of federal relations that appeared in the post-Soviet period both in terms of the interaction between the Federal Center and the regional elites and in the context of the classical federalism. The authors described the factors that hindered the signing of the Federal Treaty, as well as the resources the regional elite used to affect the Center. They revealed the opposite views on the concept of federal structure expressed by national and territorial subjects of the Russian Federation and described their attempts to reach a compromise in the redistribution of powers. The research objective was to determine to what degree the Center was responsible for the content of the Treaty of Federation as the regional self-identification was gaining strength and the system of center-regional interaction was changing. The authors also highlighted the role of certain social groups on the development of federal relations, showed how the actions of the Center improved its positions, and identified historical facts that predetermined the asymmetry of the Treaty of Federation. The authors believed that the new model of federal relations was a compromise between the interests of the regional elites and the central government. However, it also strengthened the positions of the Federal Center and legalized the asymmetric nature of its relations with the regions. The research was based on general scientific methods and such historical research tools as comparative and systematic methods. It also involved such interdisciplinary methods as the historical-legal and the comparative analysis of legal documents.

scholarly journals The “Europe – Russia” Dichotomy as an Invented Tradition of Modern Georgian Nationalism

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-54
Author(s):  
M. W. Kyrchanov
Keyword(s):  
Historical Trauma ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
The West ◽  
Intellectual Discourse ◽  
Invented Tradition ◽  
Invented Traditions ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Post Soviet Period

In the article, the author analyzes the transformation of the dichotomy “Europe – Russia” in contemporary Georgian intellectual discourse as well as strategies and forms of positive and negative ideologization of the West and Russia. We state that the hypertrophied role of European and Russian images in the Georgian discourse has resulted from the belief of elites in the collective West as an alternative to Russian infl uence. We analyze the main strategies of forming a positive image of Europe in Georgian intellectual discourse, believing that the development of European motifs and images by several generations of Georgian intellectuals led to the emergence of a unique Georgian Europeanism and the concept of the “Non Typical European” Georgian nation. The development of European images depends on the formation and promotion of the image of Russia as a universal Other. It is assumed that the negative mythologization of Russia resulted from the historical trauma of the loss of statehood, Georgia’s forced history in the Russian Empire and the USSR, as well as the failures in the Russian-Georgian relations in the post-Soviet period. Overall, the author believes that Russian and European narratives have become invented traditions of Georgian identity that infl uence the strategies of elites in Georgian foreign policy.

scholarly journals THE ISSUE OF CULTURAL DIVERSITY AND TOLERANCE IN MODERN GEORGIAN POLITICS

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 490-498
Author(s):  
Manana Darchashvili
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Diversity ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Policy Action ◽  
Government Documents ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Political Approach ◽  
External Forces ◽  
Post Soviet Period

Aim. Georgia has traditionally been a country of cultural diversity. Due to the proper political approach, Georgian authorities of all times have managed to successfully govern the peaceful coexistence of people of different nationalities and religions. It is true that in the post-Soviet period, there was some disagreement between the cultures inspired by external forces; however, generally, all the authorities made every effort to legally strengthen the inherited tolerant habit. The paper does not deal with the conflicts of ethnopolitical nature, staged by Russia. The mentioned issue is a part of the country’s domestic policy, which is important and still is relevant nowadays, therefore the paper aims to study the role of cultural diversity and tolerance in modern Georgian politics, the attitude to it, and how the country managed to preserve the centuries-old heritage. Methods. Based on several empirical materials, various researched-studied documents, scientific papers, analysis of government documents, the use of the method of historicism is presented in the paper. Results. The paper presents the current existing reality in Georgia in the field of cultural diversity and the effective steps of the state for the proper development of cultural diversity. Conclusion. Modern Georgian politics is motivated to involve ethnic and religious minorities in the process of monitoring and implementing the Culture Policy Action Plan, based on the recent history and new current worldwide tendency, which will guarantee the establishment of a tolerant society and democracy in Georgia.

scholarly journals FEMALE LABOR ON THE RAILWAYS OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE: HISTORIOGRAPHIC REVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-33
Author(s):  
V.A. Serdiuk
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Female Labor ◽  
Foreign Literature ◽  
Railway Industry ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Post Soviet Period

The article is devoted to a general historiographic review of domestic and foreign literature on the study of the problem of the use of female labor on railways. The subject of the research is the publications of pre-revolutionary, soviet and modern researchers on the issue of women's contribution to the development of the railway industry of the Russian empire in the XIX - early XX centuries. The author attempts to answer the question how the place and role of women in railway activities before 1917 in the pre-revolutionary and soviet periods, as well as after the collapse of the USSR, was assessed. The article concluded that the literature of the post-soviet period significantly expanded the scope of studying the problem, but still relies on the historiography of the soviet period.

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