scholarly journals Do mouthwashes with and without bleaching agents degrade the force of elastomeric chains?

2013 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 712-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus Melo Pithon ◽  
Ailana Cardoso Rodrigues ◽  
Érica Luiza Santana Moreira Sousa ◽  
Lília Paula de Souza Santos ◽  
Natália dos Santos Soares
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Bleaching Agent ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Elastomeric Chains

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate, in vitro, the effect of mouthwashes with and without bleaching agents on the force of elastomeric chains. Materials and Methods: A total of 108 elastomeric chain specimens was divided into six groups (n  =  18 in each group). Two test groups were exposed to two types of commonly used mouthwashes (Plax and Listerine), and two groups were exposed to mouthwashes containing bleaching agent (Plax Whitening and Listerine Whitening). Immersion in the solutions was performed twice a day for 60 seconds. One group of control specimens remained immersed in artificial saliva throughout the entire experimental period, and the other control specimens were exposed to distilled water. Force measurements were performed at six time intervals (initial, 1 day, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, and 28 days). Results: No statistically significant differences were found between the groups in the initial period (P > .05). Statistically significant differences were found between the control group and the Plax, Plax Whitening, and Listerine groups at the time intervals of 7, 14, and 21 days. In the initial period, the force was statistically significantly higher than it was in any of the other experimental periods (P < .05). The control group with distilled water and the test group with Plax Whitening maintained the most force during the experimental period. Conclusion: The presence of bleaching agent has no influence on the force degradation of elastomeric chains.

scholarly journals Degradation of the Strength of Elastomeric Chains subjected to Different Levels of Salivary pH associated with Exposure to Mouthrinses with and without Fluoride

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Matheus Melo Pithon ◽  
Camilla Andrade ◽  
Amir Felipe Santos
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Salivary Ph ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Elastomeric Chains ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Made In

ABSTRACT Aim To evaluate the degradation of strength of elastomeric chains submitted to different levels of salivary pH and exposed to mouthrinses with and without fluoride. Materials and methods Seven groups of chain elastics (n = 18) mounted on test devices that remained immersed in artificial saliva were tested. Group 1 (pH 5 and without fluoride), 2 (pH 5 and with fluoride), 3 (pH 6 and without fluoride), 4 (pH 6 and with fluoride), 5 (pH 7.5 and without fluoride) and 6 (pH 7.5 and with fluoride) and 7 (control group). The test groups were exposed to mouthrinses twice a day for 30 seconds, with an interval of 12 hours between one exposure and the other. A control group was immersed in distilled water. The strength of samples was gauged with a dynamometer. Six measurements of strength were made in the following time intervals: initial (0), 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. The force values were submitted to the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test to determine whether there were statistical differences between each group. The level of significance adopted was 5% (α = 0.05). Results When the groups were evaluated individually, comparing the factor time in the initial period, the force was statistically higher than that in all the other experimental time intervals (p < 0.05). From the 7th day up to day 28, no statistical differences were found among the groups (p > 0.05). The factors pH and the presence of mouthwash with or without fluoride did not interfere in the results among the groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion The presence or absence of fluoride in the mouthrinses used in the study made no difference to the force degradation of the chain elastics, as the test groups obtained similar results among them in the studied time intervals. How to cite this article Pithon MM, Andrade C, Santos AF, Campos M, Saini R. Degradation of the Strength of Elastomeric Chains subjected to Different Levels of Salivary pH associated with Exposure to Mouthrinses with and without Fluoride. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2015;4(1):23-28.

Effects of Different Commercially Available Mouth Rinses on The Force Degradation of Orthodontic Elastomeric Chain

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Halima Mohammed Hassan ◽  
Anees Mahmood Mudhir
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Mouth Rinses ◽  
Force Decay ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mouth Wash ◽  
And Control ◽  
Elastomeric Chains

Aim of the study: To evaluate the effects of different commercial type of mouthwashes on the force decay of the orthodontic elastomeric chain. Materials and methods: two hundred pieces of the elastomeric chains with two different configurations were divided into five groups (one control group and four different mouthwashes groups). after one-day immersion in artificial saliva then immersion in the specific mouthwashes (kin, Vitis, perio_aid, splat) for one minute twice daily and time intervals after 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, and 28 then washed and kept in artificial saliva at 37°C again. Force decay was calculated by Instron measured, digital force gauge - Instron universal testing machine then compared different force decay of elastic types. Results: A significant difference was found among between the four types of mouth wash and control group, according to close and short elastic chain the kin mouth wash was shows a significant difference (0.002), while splat mouthwash was shown a no significant difference. Conclusion: splat mouth wash groups showed no significant influence on the force degradation of the chain elastics tested. Kin mouthwash exhibit the highest force decay and found different significant effects.

scholarly journals Clinical Pattern of Inflammatory bowel disease in central reigon, Saudi Arabia

QJM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A S Alonazi ◽  
S M Kamal ◽  
G G Alanazi ◽  
K A Abassam ◽  
B G A Albassam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Test Group ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Human Semen ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Vaginal Secretions ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Abstract Background The identification of semen stain is one of the most common human stains that can provide crucial information for crime scene reconstruction and forensic investigation. In sexual assault cases semen identification helps to prove victim’s allegations it also provides a material for DNA analysis that generate the genetic profile of the alleged suspect. The rapid Stain Identification of Human Semen (RSIDTM-Semen) bioassay is designed to detect specifically the presence of human semenogelin. Test development is completed within 10 minutes and can detect as little as 2.5 nL of human semen and it does not cross-react with other human or nonhuman tissues. The detection protocol can be completely integrated into the procedures for DNA extraction and analysis. Aim To assess the efficacy of RSIDTM – Semen strip test for the detection of human semen under some different variables (different fabrics, different time intervals and mixed with vaginal secretions) in order to be used in the routine forensic work of sexual assault cases and for further personal identification. Methodology: Semen samples were collected from four male participants. Vaginal specimens were collected from four female participants on cotton, linen or nylon-tipped swabs (2 swabs from each female). Each semen sample was divided into two portions; one used for semen only test group and the other mixed with vaginal secretions for the mixed test group. One of the fabrics tipped vaginal swab was mixed with semen for the mixed test group and the other used as a positive control group to test the sensitivity and specificity of the RSIDTM – Semen strip. The semen samples were deposited over different fabrics at the same time. All the samples were left to dry for 15 minutes at room temperature then extracted and analyzed according to the protocol designed for The Rapid Stain Identification Test (RSIDTM – Semen). The collected samples were studied as two test groups and one control group. Each of the previous groups, was categorized into 4 subgroups (a, b, c and d) according to the time interval of semen extraction (zero (on the spot), 2, 4, 6 and 10 days respectively). Results Semen could be identified in 100% of tested samples of the semen only group as well as of the combined semen and vagina group over cotton and linen fabrics at all the different tested time intervals. However, semen extracted from nylon fabric was identified in tested samples of the semen only group and of the combined semen and vagina group only at zero time only and couldn’t be identified at the rest of tested time intervals. Conclusion the current study evidenced that the new RSIDTM-semen kit is a reliable method for semen identification over different types of fabrics even in the presence of vaginal secretions. It also resists environmental factors up to 10 days. Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is A chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). IBD comprises Crohn’s disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC). Patients with CD and UC may present with variety of clinical presentations according to the activity of the disease. The treatment of IBD varies according to degree of activity. The demographics and clinical patterns of IBD have not been adequately studies in Saudi Arabia. Thus, the current study investigated the clinical presentation, course and outcome of IBD in a hospital in the Central region, Saudi Arabia. Methodology This prospective study included 92 patients from December 1, 2017, to August 31, 2018. The study constituted clinical history, screening through surveys that consisted of open ended and closed ended questions, and physical and laboratory assessment. Result There was no significant gender difference presents by male to female (M: F) 20:21 in UC and 23:28 in CD. The study showed that the most affected age group was the 4th decade in age group 31 to 40 years old represent that 56%. The most common presenting symptoms in active ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease were diarrhea, abdominal pain , weight loss, headache and fever. The study patients presented in different stages according to Montreal classification with the highest prevalence in Montreal stage two by 16.30% in UC and 22.82% in CD. Among patients with diarrhea, the vast majority due to infectious cause followed by UC the CD. Arthralgia’s, arthritis and ophthalmic manifestations were the most frequent extra-intestinal manifestations. Conclusion As progression of IBD in Saudi Arabia the health organization should research more in IBD and the cause of increase it’s incidence

scholarly journals Effect of Bleaching Mouthwash on Force Decay of Orthodontic Elastomeric Chains

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Behnaz ◽  
Fatemeh Namvar ◽  
Setareh Sohrabi ◽  
Mina Parishanian
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Fluoride ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Force Decay ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Elastomeric Chains

ABSTRACT Introduction Force decay elastomeric chains are significant, and it is a clinical problem. Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of bleaching agent in the mouthwash on the force decay of orthodontic chains. Materials and methods In this experimental study, 160 gray closed elastomeric chains were randomly divided into three groups (one control and two test groups). Four loops of chains were stretched for 25 mm on custom-made jig. Control group specimens were immersed in artificial saliva during the test period. Test group specimens were immersed twice a day for 30 seconds in the whitening (LISTERINE® HEALTHY WHITE™) and daily sodium fluoride (LISTERINE® TOTAL CARE ZERO) mouthwashes. All specimens were immersed in artificial saliva at 37°C. Force was measured at different time points (initial, 1, 7, 14, 21, 28 days). Statistical analysis was performed by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni methods (α = 0.05). Results Force of elastomeric chains was decreased dramatically in all groups during the experiment. After 24 hours, force was decreased by 42.18, 48.34, and 53.38% in control group, daily, and bleaching mouthwash groups respectively. The corresponding numbers after 4 weeks were 66.30, 76.73, and 86.48. The difference between three groups at days 1 and 28 was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conclusion Within the limitations of the current in vitro study, bleaching and sodium fluoride mouthwashes could cause force decay of orthodontic elastomeric chains. Whitening mouthwash is more weakening for elastomeric chains. Clinical significance Use of whitening mouthwash by orthodontic patients could decrease the force of elastomeric chains, so it could be recommended to use them for a short time. How to cite this article Behnaz M, Namvar F, Sohrabi S, Parishanian M. Effect of Bleaching Mouthwash on Force Decay of Orthodontic Elastomeric Chains. J Contemp Dent Pract 2018;19(2):221-225.

scholarly journals Rapid stain biomarker: A novel tool for forensic detection of semen (effect of time, different fabrics and vaginal secretions on its reliability)

QJM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A A Abdelrahman ◽  
S A Mahmoud ◽  
E A Attia
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Personal Identification ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Genetic Profile ◽  
Human Semen ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Vaginal Secretions

Abstract Background The identification of semen stain is one of the most common human stains that can provide crucial information for crime scene reconstruction and forensic investigation. In sexual assault cases semen identification helps to prove victim’s allegations it also provides a material for DNA analysis that generate the genetic profile of the alleged suspect. The rapid Stain Identification of Human Semen (RSIDTM-Semen) bioassay is designed to detect specifically the presence of human semenogelin. Test development is completed within 10 minutes and can detect as little as 2.5 nL of human semen and it does not cross-react with other human or nonhuman tissues. The detection protocol can be completely integrated into the procedures for DNA extraction and analysis. Aim To assess the efficacy of RSIDTM – Semen strip test for the detection of human semen under some different variables (different fabrics, different time intervals and mixed with vaginal secretions) in order to be used in the routine forensic work of sexual assault cases and for further personal identification. Methodology: Semen samples were collected from four male participants. Vaginal specimens were collected from four female participants on cotton, linen or nylon-tipped swabs (2 swabs from each female). Each semen sample was divided into two portions; one used for semen only test group and the other mixed with vaginal secretions for the mixed test group. One of the fabrics tipped vaginal swab was mixed with semen for the mixed test group and the other used as a positive control group to test the sensitivity and specificity of the RSIDTM – Semen strip. The semen samples were deposited over different fabrics at the same time. All the samples were left to dry for 15 minutes at room temperature then extracted and analyzed according to the protocol designed for The Rapid Stain Identification Test (RSIDTM – Semen). The collected samples were studied as two test groups and one control group. Each of the previous groups, was categorized into 4 subgroups (a, b, c and d) according to the time interval of semen extraction (zero (on the spot), 2, 4, 6 and 10 days respectively). Results Semen could be identified in 100% of tested samples of the semen only group as well as of the combined semen and vagina group over cotton and linen fabrics at all the different tested time intervals. However, semen extracted from nylon fabric was identified in tested samples of the semen only group and of the combined semen and vagina group only at zero time only and couldn’t be identified at the rest of tested time intervals. Conclusion the current study evidenced that the new RSIDTM-semen kit is a reliable method for semen identification over different types of fabrics even in the presence of vaginal secretions. It also resists environmental factors up to 10 days.

scholarly journals Does chlorhexidine in different formulations interfere with the force of orthodontic elastics?

2012 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus Melo Pithon ◽  
Dandara Andrade Santana ◽  
Kássio Henrique Sousa ◽  
Isa Mara Andrade Oliveira Farias
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Oral Solution ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the effects of different concentrations of chlorhexidine on the decline in force of orthodontic elastics. Materials and Methods: In a laboratory study, five groups of samples were tested, with one control group represented by distilled water (group 1) and four experimental groups: 0.12% manipulated chlorhexidine (group 2), 0.2% manipulated chlorhexidine (group 3), 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate–based oral solution (0.12% Periogard; group 4), and 0.2% Cleanform mouthwash (formula and action; group 5). The test groups were submersed in artificial saliva at 37°C. Templates were used and submerged in the chlorhexidine solutions for 30 seconds twice a day. Force was measured with a digital dynamometer at six different time intervals: 0, 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. Results: No statistical differences were found among the groups in the initial period, at 24 hours, and at 7 days (P &gt; .05). There were statistical differences between groups 2 and 5 at 14 days of the experiment and between group 1 and the others at 28 days. In the initial period, the force was statistically higher than it was at any of the other periods of the experiment (P &lt; .05). Conclusion: In the present study, chlorhexidine showed no significant influence on the force degradation of the chain elastics tested.

The Effect of a 10% Carbamide Peroxide Bleaching Agent on the Microhardness of Four Types of Direct Resin-based Restorative Materials

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 316-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
MQ AlQahtani
Keyword(s):  
Vickers Hardness ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Bleaching Agent ◽  
Carbamide Peroxide ◽  
Peroxide Bleaching ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Restorative Materials

SUMMARY Purpose This in vitro study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of a 10% carbamide peroxide bleaching agent on the microhardness of four types of direct resin-based restorative materials. Materials and Methods Thirty disk-shaped specimens (10.0 mm diameter × 2.0 mm depth) of each material, including a microhybrid resin composite (Z250), a nanofilled resin composite (Z350), a silorane-based low-shrink resin composite (P90), and a hybrid resin composite (Valux Plus), were fabricated and then polished with medium, fine, and superfine polishing discs. After being polished, specimens were cleaned with distilled water for 2 min in an ultrasonic bath to remove any surface debris and then stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 hours. Specimens from each material were divided into three groups (n=10). One group was selected as a control group (nontreated with bleaching agent). The other two groups were treated with bleaching agent for 14 days (group A) and for 14 days followed by immersion in artificial saliva for 14 days (group B). The top surfaces of the specimens in the different groups were also subjected to the Vickers hardness test with a load of 300 g and 15-second dwell time. Data were analyzed with a one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's HSD test (α = 0.05). Results There was a general reduction of Vickers hardness numbers (VHN) values of treated groups compared with the control group for each material used, but this reduction was minimal, with no significant difference between groups in Z250, whereas the other three materials (Z350, P90, and Valux Plus) showed a significant reduction of VHN of treated groups compared with the control group. Conversely, the findings showed no significant difference between treated groups A and B in all materials used except P90. Conclusion A 10% carbamide peroxide bleaching agent had an adverse effect on the microhardness of nanofilled, silorane-based low-shrink, and hybrid types of resin-based composite materials compared with the microhybrid type.

scholarly journals Aferição do pH de diferentes agentes clareadores indicados para o clareamento intracoronário

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Felipe Besegato ◽  
Gabriela Dos Santos Ribeiro Rocha ◽  
Marlene De Sousa Amorim ◽  
Fabio Martins Salomão ◽  
Daniel Poletto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Multiple Comparisons ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sodium Perborate ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Friedman Test ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Evaluation Time

Objective: to measure pH values of bleaching agents that are indicated to intracoronal bleaching technique in different time intervals. Methods: Each group (G) received five samples (n=5): G1 – distilled water (AD); G2 – hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) 30%; G3 – sodium perborate (PbS) + AD; G4 – PbS + H2O2 30%; G5 – sodium percarbonate (PcS) + AD; and G6 – PcS + H2O2 30%. pH values were stated using a digital pHmeter, in different time intervals: immediately after handling (T0), 24 hours (T1) and 168 hours after handling (T2). The results were submitted to statistical analysis through Kruskal-Wallis and Mann Whitney tests, in this order, allowing multiple comparisons among the groups. To verify the effect of time in each group, Friedman test was applied. Results: In the evaluation of the effect of time in each group, it was observed that G2 presented acid behavior, while the other groups exhibited values close to neutrality or alkaline. Conclusions: H2O2 30% was the only agent that showed acidic behavior in every evaluation time. Meanwhile, PcS + H2O had the highest pH values.

scholarly journals ПРОДУКТИВНЫЕ КАЧЕСТВА КУР РОДИТЕЛЬСКОГО СТАДА БРОЙЛЕРОВ НА ФОНЕ ИММУНОКОРРЕКЦИИ ОРГАНИЗМА

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.G. Semenov ◽  
N.G. Ivanov ◽  
E.E. Lyagina
Keyword(s):  
Specific Resistance ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Biological Resource ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Biological Preparation ◽  
Experimental Group

Разработан биопрепарат Prevention-N-С и дано научно-практическое обоснование целесообразности его применения в сопоставлении с ранее апробированным препаратом PS-7 для реализации биоресурсного потенциала продуктивных качеств кур родительского стада бройлеров кросса Hubbard F-15 за счет активизации неспецифической резистентности организма. Апробированные биопрепараты повышают яйценоскость кур, что проявляется в интенсивном ее нарастании в начальный период продуктивности и более раннем достижении пика яйценоскости. Интенсивность яйценоскости кур 1-й (56,790,70) и 2-й (57,610,79) опытных групп родительского стада бройлеров оказалась выше по сравнению с контролем (54,030,67) на 2,76 и 3,58 соответственно (Р0,05-0,01). Установлено, что куры-несушки второй опытной группы принесли за 70 недель 183,52,06 штук инкубационных яиц, что на 8,97 выше соответствующего показателя в контрольной группе (168,42,25 штук) и на 3,03 больше, чем в 1-й опытной группе (178,12,53 штук). Количество инкубационных яиц кур родительского стада бройлеров первой опытной группы оказалось выше на 5,76, чем в контроле. Оплодотворенность яиц в 1-й и 2-й опытных группах была выше соответственно на 1,7 и 2,2, чем в контрольной группе. По результатам инкубации выводимость яиц в 1-й и 2-й опытных группах достоверно превышала контрольную группу на 4,8 и 5,4 соответственно. Лучшие результаты по выводу цыплят получены в 1-й и 2-й опытных группах 78,3 и 79,5 соответственно, и намного ниже в контрольной группе 77,3.Biological preparation Prevention-N-C has been developed and scientific and practical justification of its expediency in comparison with previously tested preparation PS-7 for realization of biological resource potential of productive qualities of hens of parent herd of Hubbard F-15 cross broilers due to activation of non-specific resistance of organism. Tested biopreparations increase the egg content of chickens, which manifests itself in its intense growth during the initial period of productivity and earlier reaching the peak of egg content. The egg intensity of chickens 1st (56.79 0.70) and 2nd (57.61 0.79) of the test groups of the parent broiler herd was higher compared to the control (54.03 0.67) by 2.76 and 3.58, respectively (P 0.05-0.01). It was found that the carrying chickens of the second experimental group brought 183.5 2.06 pieces of incubation eggs in 70 weeks, which is 8.97 higher than the corresponding indicator in the control group (168.4 2.25 pieces) and 3.03 more than in 1 experimental group (178.1 2.53 pieces). The number of incubation eggs of the parent broiler herd of the first test group was 5.76 higher than in the control. The fertilization of eggs in the 1st and 2nd test groups was 1.7 and 2.2 higher, respectively, than in the control group. According to the results of incubation, egg output in the 1st and 2nd test groups significantly exceeded the control group by 4.8 and 5.4, respectively. The best results on chicken withdrawal were obtained in the 1st and 2nd test groups - 78.3 and 79.5, respectively, and much lower in the control group - 77.3.

scholarly journals Does the temperature of beverages affect the surface roughness, hardness, and color stability of a composite resin?

2013 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 165-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duygu Tuncer ◽  
Emel Karaman ◽  
Esra Firat
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Composite Resin ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Color Stability ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Baseline Values ◽  
Hardness Values ◽  
Properties Of Composites

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the effect of beverages′ temperature on the surface roughness, hardness, and color stability of a composite resin. Materials and Methods: Fifty specimens of the Filtek Z250 composite (3M ESPE, Dental Products, St.Paul, MN, USA) were prepared and initial roughness, microhardness, and color were measured. Then the specimens were randomly divided into five groups of 10 specimens each: Coffee at 70°C, coffee at 37°C, cola at 10°C, cola at 37°C, and artificial saliva (control). After the samples were subjected to 15 min × 3 cycles per day of exposure to the solutions for 30 days, the final measurements were recorded. Results: After immersion in beverages, the artificial saliva group showed hardness values higher than those of the other groups (P < 0.001) and the microhardness values were significantly different from the initial values in all groups except for the control group. Both cola groups showed roughness values higher than the baseline values (P < 0.05), while the other groups showed values similar to the baseline measurements. When ΔE measurements were examined, the 70°C coffee group showed the highest color change among all the groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: High-temperature solutions caused alterations in certain properties of composites, such as increased color change, although they did not affect the hardness or roughness of the composite resin material tested.

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