Rapid stain biomarker: A novel tool for forensic detection of semen (effect of time, different fabrics and vaginal secretions on its reliability)

Abstract Background The identification of semen stain is one of the most common human stains that can provide crucial information for crime scene reconstruction and forensic investigation. In sexual assault cases semen identification helps to prove victim’s allegations it also provides a material for DNA analysis that generate the genetic profile of the alleged suspect. The rapid Stain Identification of Human Semen (RSIDTM-Semen) bioassay is designed to detect specifically the presence of human semenogelin. Test development is completed within 10 minutes and can detect as little as 2.5 nL of human semen and it does not cross-react with other human or nonhuman tissues. The detection protocol can be completely integrated into the procedures for DNA extraction and analysis. Aim To assess the efficacy of RSIDTM – Semen strip test for the detection of human semen under some different variables (different fabrics, different time intervals and mixed with vaginal secretions) in order to be used in the routine forensic work of sexual assault cases and for further personal identification. Methodology: Semen samples were collected from four male participants. Vaginal specimens were collected from four female participants on cotton, linen or nylon-tipped swabs (2 swabs from each female). Each semen sample was divided into two portions; one used for semen only test group and the other mixed with vaginal secretions for the mixed test group. One of the fabrics tipped vaginal swab was mixed with semen for the mixed test group and the other used as a positive control group to test the sensitivity and specificity of the RSIDTM – Semen strip. The semen samples were deposited over different fabrics at the same time. All the samples were left to dry for 15 minutes at room temperature then extracted and analyzed according to the protocol designed for The Rapid Stain Identification Test (RSIDTM – Semen). The collected samples were studied as two test groups and one control group. Each of the previous groups, was categorized into 4 subgroups (a, b, c and d) according to the time interval of semen extraction (zero (on the spot), 2, 4, 6 and 10 days respectively). Results Semen could be identified in 100% of tested samples of the semen only group as well as of the combined semen and vagina group over cotton and linen fabrics at all the different tested time intervals. However, semen extracted from nylon fabric was identified in tested samples of the semen only group and of the combined semen and vagina group only at zero time only and couldn’t be identified at the rest of tested time intervals. Conclusion the current study evidenced that the new RSIDTM-semen kit is a reliable method for semen identification over different types of fabrics even in the presence of vaginal secretions. It also resists environmental factors up to 10 days. Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is A chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). IBD comprises Crohn’s disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC). Patients with CD and UC may present with variety of clinical presentations according to the activity of the disease. The treatment of IBD varies according to degree of activity. The demographics and clinical patterns of IBD have not been adequately studies in Saudi Arabia. Thus, the current study investigated the clinical presentation, course and outcome of IBD in a hospital in the Central region, Saudi Arabia. Methodology This prospective study included 92 patients from December 1, 2017, to August 31, 2018. The study constituted clinical history, screening through surveys that consisted of open ended and closed ended questions, and physical and laboratory assessment. Result There was no significant gender difference presents by male to female (M: F) 20:21 in UC and 23:28 in CD. The study showed that the most affected age group was the 4th decade in age group 31 to 40 years old represent that 56%. The most common presenting symptoms in active ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease were diarrhea, abdominal pain , weight loss, headache and fever. The study patients presented in different stages according to Montreal classification with the highest prevalence in Montreal stage two by 16.30% in UC and 22.82% in CD. Among patients with diarrhea, the vast majority due to infectious cause followed by UC the CD. Arthralgia’s, arthritis and ophthalmic manifestations were the most frequent extra-intestinal manifestations. Conclusion As progression of IBD in Saudi Arabia the health organization should research more in IBD and the cause of increase it’s incidence

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Do mouthwashes with and without bleaching agents degrade the force of elastomeric chains?

The Angle Orthodontist ◽

10.2319/081012-646.1 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 83 (4) ◽

pp. 712-717 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Matheus Melo Pithon ◽

Ailana Cardoso Rodrigues ◽

Érica Luiza Santana Moreira Sousa ◽

Lília Paula de Souza Santos ◽

Natália dos Santos Soares

Keyword(s):

Artificial Saliva ◽

Initial Period ◽

Test Group ◽

Experimental Period ◽

The Other ◽

Control Group ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Bleaching Agent ◽

Time Intervals ◽

Elastomeric Chains

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate, in vitro, the effect of mouthwashes with and without bleaching agents on the force of elastomeric chains. Materials and Methods: A total of 108 elastomeric chain specimens was divided into six groups (n = 18 in each group). Two test groups were exposed to two types of commonly used mouthwashes (Plax and Listerine), and two groups were exposed to mouthwashes containing bleaching agent (Plax Whitening and Listerine Whitening). Immersion in the solutions was performed twice a day for 60 seconds. One group of control specimens remained immersed in artificial saliva throughout the entire experimental period, and the other control specimens were exposed to distilled water. Force measurements were performed at six time intervals (initial, 1 day, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, and 28 days). Results: No statistically significant differences were found between the groups in the initial period (P > .05). Statistically significant differences were found between the control group and the Plax, Plax Whitening, and Listerine groups at the time intervals of 7, 14, and 21 days. In the initial period, the force was statistically significantly higher than it was in any of the other experimental periods (P < .05). The control group with distilled water and the test group with Plax Whitening maintained the most force during the experimental period. Conclusion: The presence of bleaching agent has no influence on the force degradation of elastomeric chains.

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Use of Platelet-Rich Fibrin Associated with Xenograft in Critical Bone Defects: Histomorphometric Study in Rabbits

Symmetry ◽

10.3390/sym11101293 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 1293

Author(s):

Paulo Wilson Maia ◽

Marcelo Lucchesi Teixeira ◽

Luís Guilherme Scavone de Macedo ◽

Antonio Carlos Aloise ◽

Celio Amaral Passos Junior ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Formation ◽

Saline Solution ◽

Healing Process ◽

Test Group ◽

The Other ◽

Control Group ◽

Collagen Membrane ◽

Platelet Rich Fibrin ◽

Histomorphometric Study ◽

Significant Difference

Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is an autologous material used to improve bone regeneration when associated with bone grafts. It affects tissue angiogenesis, increasing the healing process and, theoretically, presenting potential to increase bone neoformation. The aim of this study was to verify, histomorphometrically, the effects of the association of PRF to a xenograft. Twelve adult white New Zealand rabbits were randomly assigned into two groups containing six animals each. After general anesthesia of the animals, two critical defects of 12 mm were created in the rabbit calvaria, one on each side of the sagittal line. Each defect was filled with the following biomaterials: in the control group (CG), xenograft hydrated with saline solution filling one defect and xenograft hydrated with saline solution covered with collagen membrane on the other side; in the test group (TG), xenograft associated with PRF filling the defect of one side and xenograft associated with PRF covered with collagen membrane on the other side. After eight weeks the animals were euthanized and a histomorphometric analysis was performed. The results showed that in the sites that were covered with collagen membrane, there was no statistically significant difference for all the analyzed parameters. However, when comparing the groups without membrane coverage, a statistically significant difference could be observed for the vital mineralized tissue (VMT) and nonmineralized tissue (NMT) parameters, with more VMT in the test group and more NMT in the control group. Regarding the intragroup comparison, the use of the membrane coverage presented significant outcomes in both groups. Therefore, in this experimental model, PRF did not affect the levels of bone formation when a membrane coverage technique was used. However, higher levels of bone formation were observed in the test group when membrane coverage was not used.

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Spontaneous and experimental poisoning of cattle by Palicourea aeneofusca in the region of Pernambuco and induction of conditioned food aversion

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20150079 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

pp. 138-143 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Luiz Bezerra de Brito ◽

Raquel Feitosa Albuquerque ◽

Brena Pessoa Rocha ◽

Samuel Salgado Albuquerque ◽

Stephen Tomas Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Single Dose ◽

Lithium Chloride ◽

Test Group ◽

Aversive Conditioning ◽

Feeding Tube ◽

The Other ◽

Control Group ◽

Food Aversion ◽

Conditioned Food Aversion

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical, and pathological aspects of Palicourea aeneofusca poisoning in cattle in the region of Pernambuco, Brazil and to determine if it is possible to induce food aversion by P. aeneofusca poisoning in cattle raised under extensive management conditions. To determine the occurrence of poisoning, 30 properties were visited in five municipalities of the region of Pernambuco. Three outbreaks of poisoning of cattle were monitored. To induce conditioned food aversion by the consumption of P. aeneofusca, 12 animals were randomly distributed into two groups of six animals each. Cattle were weighed and received green P. aeneofusca leaves in their trough at a dose of 35mg kg-1 body weight for spontaneous consumption. The control group (CG) animals received water (1ml kg-1 body weight) via a feeding tube after the first ingestion of the plant, while the other animals, constituting the aversion test group (ATG), underwent induced aversion with lithium chloride (LiCl - 175mg kg-1 body weight) via a feeding tube. For the ATG cattle, the aversion to P. aeneofusca induced by a single dose of LiCl persisted for 12 months. In contrast, the CG animals continued to consume the plant in all tests performed, indicating the absence of aversion. This study showed that aversive conditioning using LiCl was effective in preventing poisoning by P. aeneofusca for a period of at least 12 months.

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The relativistic clock problem

Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society ◽

10.1017/s0305004100076398 ◽

1952 ◽

Vol 48 (4) ◽

pp. 608-615

Author(s):

F. I. Mikhail

Keyword(s):

General Relativity ◽

Special Relativity ◽

Relative Motion ◽

Circular Orbit ◽

The Other ◽

Time Interval ◽

Time Intervals ◽

Test Particles ◽

Clock Paradox ◽

The Difference

AbstractThe so-called ‘clock paradox’ is concerned with the difference in the time-intervals reckoned by two observers in relative motion for the lapse of time between two encounters. In this paper the problem is treated purely by general relativity by considering a particular example in which the two observers are attached to two test-particles moving freely in the field of a gravitating mass; one of these makes complete revolutions in a circular orbit while the other moves radially outwards and inwards. The time-interval between two successive encounters is shorter in the reckoning of the former than in that of the latter. The difference is found to agree qualitatively with a naïve application of special relativity.

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Efficacy of Bioactive Glass Nanofibers Tested for Oral Mucosal Regeneration in Rabbits with Induced Diabetes

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma13112603 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 2603 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Noha Elshazly ◽

Abdelaziz Khalil ◽

Manal Saad ◽

Marco Patruno ◽

Jui Chakraborty ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Bioactive Glass ◽

Cell Activity ◽

The Other ◽

Control Group ◽

Time Interval ◽

Type I ◽

Mucosal Regeneration ◽

Postoperative Control ◽

Inflammation Signs

The healing of oral lesions that are associated with diabetes mellitus is a matter of great concern. Bioactive glass is a highly recommended bioceramic scaffold for bone and soft tissue regeneration. In this study, we aimed to assess the efficacy of a novel formula of bioactive glass nanofibers in enhancing oral mucosal wound regeneration in diabetes mellitus. Bioactive glass nanofibres (BGnf) of composition (1–2) mol% of B2O3, (68–69) mol% of SiO2, and (29–30) mol% of CaO were synthesized via the low-temperature sol-gel technique followed by mixing with polymer solution, then electrospinning of the glass sol to produce nanofibers, which were then subjected to heat treatment. X-Ray Diffraction analysis of the prepared nanofibers confirmed its amorphous nature. Microstructure of BGnf simulated that of the fibrin clot with cross-linked nanofibers having a varying range of diameter (500–900 nm). The in-vitro degradation profile of BGnf confirmed its high dissolution rate, which proved the glass bioactivity. Following fibers preparation and characterization, 12 healthy New Zealand male rabbits were successfully subjected to type I diabetic induction using a single dose of intravenous injection of alloxan monohydrate. Two weeks after diabetes confirmation, the rabbits were randomly divided into two groups (control and experimental groups). Bilateral elliptical oral mucosal defects of 10 × 3.5 mm were created in the maxillary mucobuccal fold of both groups. The defects of the experimental group were grafted with BGnf, while the other group of defects considered as a control group. Clinical, histological, and immune-histochemical assessment of both groups of wounds were performed after one, two and three weeks’ time interval. The results of the clinical evaluation of BGnf treated defects showed complete wound closure with the absence of inflammation signs starting from one week postoperative. Control defects, on the other hand, showed an open wound with suppurative exudate. On histological and immunohistochemical level, the BGnf treated defects revealed increasing in cell activity and vascularization with the absence of inflammation signs starting from one week time interval, while the control defects showed signs of suppurative inflammation at one week time interval with diminished vascularization. The results advocated the suitability of BGnf as bioscaffold to be used in a wet environment as the oral cavity that is full of microorganisms and also for an immune-compromised condition as diabetes mellitus.

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Clinical observations on the course of oxytocinor prostaglandin E2/oxytocin-induced parturition in mares

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences ◽

10.2478/pjvs-2014-0047 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 347-351 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

M. Witkowski ◽

K. Pawłowski

Keyword(s):

Prostaglandin E2 ◽

Positive Influence ◽

Cervical Dilatation ◽

Saline Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Time Interval ◽

Time Intervals ◽

Significance Level ◽

Clinical Observations ◽

Experimental Group

Abstract The objective of this study was to compare the course of parturitions induced with sole oxytocin with those induced with the combination of intracervical prostaglandin E2 jelly and oxytocin. For this purpose 13 mares in advanced pregnancy were allocated to the groups pretreated with either intracervical PGE2 (experimental group) or saline (control group) two hours before intravenous oxytocin (5 IU) administration. The mares were compared with respect to cervical dilation diameter (CDD) 20 min. after oxytocin injection. Time intervals from the first oxytocin dose to: the first external signs of parturition, the chorioallantois rupture, the delivery of a foal and time interval from the delivery of a foal to the placenta separation were measured. Cervical dilatation diameter as well as proportion of mares with cervical dilatation > 20 cm were significantly higher in the group of PGE2 treated mares comparing with control group (p = 0.0115 and p = 0.0490, respectively). All time intervals measured were statistically insignificant for both groups of mares, however time intervals from the first oxytocin dose to the first external signs of parturition, to the allantochorion rupture and to the delivery of a foal, were very close to the significance level (α = 0.05). To conclude, PGE/oxytocin combination has positive influence on the preparation of the uterine cervix to parturition. Moreover, it seems that PGE2 pretreatment reduced total oxytocin dose for successful parturition induction and shortened time elapsing between the first oxytocin dose and the delivery of a foal what is crucial for foal’s safety

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An in vitro Study to evaluate the Effects of Various Polymerizing Conditions on the Flexural Strength of Autopolymerizing Resins

Journal of Health Sciences & Research ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10042-1042 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 15-19

Author(s):

Sanjeev Singh, ◽

Abid Z Hussain, ◽

RU Thombare, ◽

BK Motwani, ◽

Shweta Singh,

Keyword(s):

Flexural Strength ◽

Constant Pressure ◽

Testing Machine ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Bending Test ◽

Control Group ◽

Time Interval ◽

Time Intervals ◽

Increased Strength

ABSTRACT Aim To investigate the effect of variation in temperature and time intervals on the flexural strength of two brands of autopolymerizing resins polymerized at constant pressure. Materials and methods Two autopolymerizing resins RR Cold Cure resin (DPI) and RR-Rapid Repair Powder (Dentsply) were used. A total of 20 samples were fabricated for each group. Samples were polymerized at temperature ranges of 40°, 50°, 60°, and 70°C and at time intervals of 5, 10, and 15 minutes in the customized curing pot, maintaining pressure of 30 psi. Results Flexural strength was verified using universal testing machine using three-point bending test and was then compared with all samples and also with the samples cured in open air (control group). The samples cured at higher temperature, i.e., 60° and 70°C, have shown increased strength than those at 40° and 50°C as well as control group. Time interval of 10 minutes is considered sufficient to increase the strength of the resin, as per the results of this study. Conclusion The samples cured under varied condition of time and temperature but under constant pressure showed increased strength than those cured in open air. Clinical significance The effect of pressure and temperature has been demonstrated, which could be utilized for enhancing the durability of the prosthesis fabricated from autopolymerized resins. How to cite this article Singh S, Hussain AZ, Thombare RU, Motwani BK, Singh S, Mangalekar SB. An in vitro Study to evaluate the Effects of Various Polymerizing Conditions on the Flexural Strength of Autopolymerizing Resins. J Health Sci Res 2017;8(1):15-19.

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An In Vitro Comparison of Quantitative Dissolution of Human Pulp in Different Irrigating Solutions

Journal of Oral Health and Community Dentistry ◽

10.5005/johcd-4-2-28 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 28-33

Author(s):

Sonali Taneja ◽

Rupali Chadha ◽

Seema Dixit ◽

Rohit Nayar

Keyword(s):

Test Tube ◽

Control Group ◽

Time Interval ◽

Equal Weight ◽

Water Control ◽

Pulp Tissue ◽

Time Intervals ◽

Filtration Method ◽

Sample Test

ABSTRACT Pulp tissue from freshly extracted, intact vital premolars was removed in toto and was cut to get an approximate weight of 8.2 mg for each sample. Eighty samples thus obtained were divided into 4 groups of 20 samples each according to the irrigating solution used (5.25% NaOCl, 17% EDTA, BioPure MTAD and Distilled water (control group). Pulp tissue of specified equal weight (8.2 mg) was placed into each test tube of all groups carrying irrigants of measured volume (5ml each) at 37°C according to their specified subgroups time interval i.e. 10 min, 15 min, 20 min and 30 min respectively. The solution from each sample test tube was filtered and was left for overnight drying. The residual weight was calculated by filtration method. Results showed that the maximum amount of pulp was dissolved by 5.25% NaOCl at all time intervals. MTAD and 17% EDTA showed almost similar dissolution at all the time intervals.

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Degradation of the Strength of Elastomeric Chains subjected to Different Levels of Salivary pH associated with Exposure to Mouthrinses with and without Fluoride

International Journal of Experimental Dental Science ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10029-1090 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 23-28

Author(s):

Matheus Melo Pithon ◽

Camilla Andrade ◽

Amir Felipe Santos

Keyword(s):

Artificial Saliva ◽

Initial Period ◽

The Other ◽

Control Group ◽

Time Intervals ◽

Salivary Ph ◽

Level Of Significance ◽

Elastomeric Chains ◽

Different Levels ◽

Made In

ABSTRACT Aim To evaluate the degradation of strength of elastomeric chains submitted to different levels of salivary pH and exposed to mouthrinses with and without fluoride. Materials and methods Seven groups of chain elastics (n = 18) mounted on test devices that remained immersed in artificial saliva were tested. Group 1 (pH 5 and without fluoride), 2 (pH 5 and with fluoride), 3 (pH 6 and without fluoride), 4 (pH 6 and with fluoride), 5 (pH 7.5 and without fluoride) and 6 (pH 7.5 and with fluoride) and 7 (control group). The test groups were exposed to mouthrinses twice a day for 30 seconds, with an interval of 12 hours between one exposure and the other. A control group was immersed in distilled water. The strength of samples was gauged with a dynamometer. Six measurements of strength were made in the following time intervals: initial (0), 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. The force values were submitted to the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test to determine whether there were statistical differences between each group. The level of significance adopted was 5% (α = 0.05). Results When the groups were evaluated individually, comparing the factor time in the initial period, the force was statistically higher than that in all the other experimental time intervals (p < 0.05). From the 7th day up to day 28, no statistical differences were found among the groups (p > 0.05). The factors pH and the presence of mouthwash with or without fluoride did not interfere in the results among the groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion The presence or absence of fluoride in the mouthrinses used in the study made no difference to the force degradation of the chain elastics, as the test groups obtained similar results among them in the studied time intervals. How to cite this article Pithon MM, Andrade C, Santos AF, Campos M, Saini R. Degradation of the Strength of Elastomeric Chains subjected to Different Levels of Salivary pH associated with Exposure to Mouthrinses with and without Fluoride. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2015;4(1):23-28.

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