Protein Source for Fish Feed-XXIV. Effect of Dietary Types on Nutritive Values of Fish Meal-Based Diet for Yellowtail.

The perception of key players in the fish farming sector towards the use of insects is important for their acceptance to adopt insects as an alternative protein source to the expensive fish meal. Perception was established through a cross-sectional study of 208 fish farmers and 71 fish feed traders and/or processors conducted in Gulu, Tororo and Masaka districts in Uganda, using descriptive, Chi-square, correlation and factor statistical analysis of the data collected. Males dominated the fish farming and fish feed trading and/or processing enterprises. Youths were involved to almost the same extent as adults. Fish farmers majorly practiced pond fish farming, mainly using vegetable and grain based feeds. Most fish farmers (94.9%) and feed traders or processors (91.5%) were willing to use insects for feed but only 44.8% of fish farmers and 8.6% of feed traders and processors had ever used insects. All insects ever used by the respondents for feeding fish, including white ants, grasshoppers, termites and cockroaches were not reared but harvested from the environment. Willingness to use (rear/buy/sell) insects as fish feed was significantly and positively correlated with farmers’ and fish feed traders’ and/or processors’ perception that insects were good sources of nourishment for fish. Familiarity with use of insects and knowledge/awareness of their use significantly contributed to respondents’ positive perception. The apparent willingness to use insects for feeding fish should be promoted by encouraging mass insect production. Assessment of the consumer’s acceptability of fish reared on insects is necessary to ensure market for insect-fed fish.

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The replacement of fish meal with fermented Moringa leaves meal and its effect on the immune response of red tilapia (Oreochromis sp.)

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/919/1/012057 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 919 (1) ◽

pp. 012057

Author(s):

S Helmiati ◽

Rustadi ◽

A Isnansetyo ◽

Zuprizal

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Fish Meal ◽

Beta Carotene ◽

Protein Source ◽

Phagocytic Index ◽

Total Biomass ◽

Fish Feed ◽

Red Tilapia ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Total Plasma Protein

Abstract Moringa (Moringa oleifera) has frequently been studied as an alternative and promising protein source in fish feed. Moringa leaves is among the potential and affordable plant-based protein source ingredient, as it protein, vitamin, beta-carotene, and various kind of minerals. Flavonoid, saponin, vitamin and alkaloids reportedly exhibit immune-stimulating activity which increase immune response. This study aims to evaluate the replacement of fish meal with fermented Moringa leaves meal in feed on the immune response of red tilapia (Oreochromis sp.). The research was conducted experimentally using a completely randomized design by four treatments in triplicate. The treatments include replacement of the fish meal with fermented moringa leaves meal at 0, 10, 20, and 30 %. Red tilapia with total length of 9 to 10 cm was fed twice daily for two months at a feeding rate of 3 % of total biomass. The results showed that replacement fish meal with fermented Moringa leaves meal as much as 20 % increases the percentage values of hematocrit and leukocrit, stimulates phagocytic activity and phagocytic index, suppresses monocyte and increases lymphocytes, and increases total plasma protein.

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Protein Source for Fish Feed-V. Alternative Protein Sources for Fish Meal in Diets of Young Yellowtail.

NIPPON SUISAN GAKKAISHI ◽

10.2331/suisan.59.137 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 59 (1) ◽

pp. 137-143 ◽

Cited By ~ 57

Author(s):

Sadao Shimeno ◽

Toshiro Masumoto ◽

Taku Hujita ◽

Takayoshi Mima ◽

Shin-ichi Ueno

Keyword(s):

Fish Meal ◽

Protein Source ◽

Fish Feed ◽

Protein Sources ◽

Alternative Protein

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Housefly Maggot Meal as a Potent Bioresource for Fish Feed to Facilitate Early Gonadal Development in Clarias gariepinus (Burchell,1822)

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13020921 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 921

Author(s):

Johnny O. Ogunji ◽

Stanley C. Iheanacho ◽

Christopher C. Mgbabu ◽

Nuria C. Amaechi ◽

Onyedikachi O. C. Evulobi

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Fish Meal ◽

Wealth Distribution ◽

Clarias Gariepinus ◽

Gonadal Development ◽

Protein Source ◽

Fish Feed ◽

Feed Formulation ◽

Alternative Protein ◽

Global Increase

Food security is threatened by the global increase of human population, climate change, inequality of wealth distribution, the state of natural resources, peace and sustainability, among others. Aquaculture has become an important part of the food supply, hence contributing to food security. Sustainable fish production, which represents an important affordable protein supply, should therefore involve feed formulation and production techniques that are not dependent on fish meal as the protein source. It is on this basis that bioeconomy becomes very important to promote the resourceful use of biomass for feed, food, biomaterials, and bioenergy. This study presents housefly maggot meal as an efficient alternative protein source to fishmeal and a valuable bioresource. Clarias gariepinus fingerlings (male and female) were fed maggot meal supplemented diets for 24 weeks and we assessed their growth and gonadal development. The findings of this study revealed that maggot-meal-enhanced diets promoted growth and faster gonadal development in fish. Maggot meal represents a quality alternative protein source to fish meal and an excellent bioresource, which can help us attain sustainable aquaculture production.

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Mealworm as an alternative protein source: potential for the processing of fish meal and soybean meal replacement feed on broiler performance

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/788/1/012079 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 788 (1) ◽

pp. 012079

Author(s):

Kasri ◽

S Purwanti

Keyword(s):

Soybean Meal ◽

Fish Meal ◽

Protein Source ◽

Meal Replacement ◽

Broiler Performance ◽

Alternative Protein

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NUTRITIVE VALUE OF LOCALLY PREPARED FISHMEALS FOR BROILER CHICKENS

Nigerian Journal of Animal Production ◽

10.51791/njap.v4i2.2291 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 24-30

Author(s):

J. M. Olomu ◽

D. A. Nwachuku

Keyword(s):

Total Protein ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Fish Meal ◽

Sole Source ◽

Protein Source ◽

Groundnut Meal ◽

Better Than

Three experiments were conducted with broiler chickens to study the effects of replacing commercial Herring fishmeal with fishmeals prepared form crayfish, sardine, mudskeeper and mullet. In the first experiment, there were no significant differences in the performance, carcass dressing percentages and the composition of the hearts and livers when any of the locally prepared fishmeals replaced the commercial fishmeal in rations. Rations without fish meal depressed performance and carcass/neck dressing percentages significantly but did not affect the composition of the hearts and livers. In experiment 2, the fishmeals were fed at a supplementary level of 7.5% and at a level (20%) in which they constituted the only source of supplementary protein. In this experiment, performance of birds fed 7.5% of the different fishmeals were similar to those observed in the first experiment. When the fishmeals constituted the sole source of supplementary protein, performances of the birds were similar for all fishmeals and were better than when 7.5% fishmeals was fed in the ration in addition to groundnut meal. The ration containing groundnut meal as the sole supplementary protein source depressed performance of birds. In Experiment 3 the total protein efficiency ration (TPE) of the different fishmeal rations were assessed. The TPE for all the fishmeal ration were not significantly different and were significantly better than that of rations without fishmeal

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TEPUNG DAUN SINGKONG (Monihot utilissima) TUA SEBAGAI SUMBER PROTEIN ALTERNATIF DALAM FORMULA PAKAN IKAN LELE (Clarias gariepinus)

Jurnal Akuakultur Sungai dan Danau ◽

10.33087/akuakultur.v1i1.7 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Syahrizal Syahrizal ◽

Muarofah Ghofur ◽

. Safratilofa ◽

Rahmat Sam

Keyword(s):

Survival Rate ◽

Fish Meal ◽

Clarias Gariepinus ◽

African Catfish ◽

Fish Feed ◽

Daily Growth ◽

Protein Substitute ◽

Feed Formulation ◽

Cassava Leaves ◽

Alternative Protein

AbstractThe feed as a source of energy for the growth of fish is a component of the most important costs 40-89% and the quality should be good. The solution is through research. Research in the form of meal cassava leaves (Monihot utilissima) parents as a source of alternative protein substitute for fish meal in feed formulation catfish (Clarias gariepinus). The design used Complete Random Design with 4 treatments and 3 repetitions. The results showed that for the growth and the survival between treatments were not significant (P <0.5), meaning that all treatments were no differences can be categorized and feed ingredients of flour cassava leaves can replace most of the presence of meal fish in fish feed formulas African catfish. Growth of the best catfish are on treatment A (55% meal cassava leaf: 00% fish meal) with daily growth of 8.27 grams was 2.61% and the B (40%% meal cassava leaves: 15% meal fish) 5.28 gram with daily growth is 1.86%, followed by C (15%% meal cassava leaves: 15% meal fish ) 1:51% and D (0% meal cassava leaves : 55% meal fish ) 1:33%. Catfish survival rate was not significant (P <0.5), and relatively equally well A (96.17%), B (94.77) and C (95.92) and the best in treatment for D (96.37 ). As users are advised to wear formulations in treatment B (40% meal fish and 15% meal cassava leaves old). Keywords: Catfish, Ffeed, Meal fish, Meal cassava leaves AbstrakPakan sebagai sumber energi bagi pertumbuhan ikan merupakan komponen biaya yang paling besar 40-89% dan kualitasnya harus baik. Solusinya melalui penelitian. Penelitian berupa tepung daun singkong (Monihot utilissima) tua sebagai sumber protein alternatif penganti tepung ikan dalam formulasi pakan ikan lele (Clarias gariepinus). Rancangan digunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa untuk pertumbuhan dan kelulusan hidup antar perlakuan tidak signifikan (P < 0,5), artinya semua perlakuan tidak ada perbedaan dan dapat dikatagorikan bahan pakan dari tepung daun singkong dapat mengantikan sebagian keberadaan tepung ikan dalam formula pakan ikan lele dumbo. Pertumbuhan ikan lele terbaik terdapat pada perlakuan A (55% tepung daun singkong : 00% tepung ikan) 8,27 gram dengan pertumbuhan harian adalah 2.61% dan pada B (40% % tepung daun singkong : 15% tepung ikan) 5,28 gram dengan pertumbuhan harian adalah 1.86%, diikuti C (15% % tepung daun singkong :15% tepung ikan) 1.51% dan D (0 % tepung daun singkong : 55% tepung ikan) 1.33%. Tingkat kelangsungan hidup ikan lele tidak signifikan (P < 0,5), dan relatif sama baiknya A (96,17%), B (94,77) dan C (95,92) dan terbaik pada perlakuan untuk D (96,37). Sebagai pengguna disarankan memakai formulasi pada perlakuan B (40% Tepung ikan dan 15% tepung daun singkong tua). Kata kunci: Ikan lele, Pakan, Tepung ikan, Tepung Daun Singkong Tua

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Optimal Replacement of Soybean Meal with Fermented Palm Kernel Meal as Protein Source in a Fish Meal-Soybean Meal-Based Diet of Sex Reversed Red Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus × O. mossambicus)

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11082287 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 2287

Author(s):

Wattana Wattanakul ◽

Karun Thongprajukaew ◽

Waraporn Hahor ◽

Naraid Suanyuk

Keyword(s):

Soybean Meal ◽

Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Fish Meal ◽

Palm Kernel ◽

Carcass Composition ◽

Protein Source ◽

Crude Lipid ◽

Red Tilapia ◽

Kernel Meal ◽

Palm Kernel Meal

The solid-state fermentation by effective microorganisms (containing photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, yeast and Bacillus sp.) improved the nutritive values of palm kernel meal (PKM). Increased crude protein (20.79%), nitrogen-free extract (40.07%) and gross energy (19.58%) were observed in fermented PKM (FPKM) relative to raw PKM while crude lipid (15.65%), crude fiber (36.45%) and ash (29.54%) were decreased. Replacement of soybean meal (SBM) with FPKM as a protein source was investigated for its effects in sex-reversed red tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus × O. mossambicus). The two-month-old fish (14.85 ± 0.28 g initial weight) were fed fish meal-SBM-based diets with replacement by FPKM at 25% (25FPKM), 50% (50FPKM), 75% (75FPKM) and 100% (100FPKM), while an FPKM-free diet (0FPKM) was used as a control. The five treatments, comprising triplicate cement ponds and forty fish each, were conducted in a recirculating system over 12 weeks. At the end of the feeding trial, fish fed the 50FPKM diet were superior in growth performance, while the feed utilization parameters were similar across all five treatments. Physiological adaptation of the protein-digesting (pepsin and trypsin) and lipid-digesting (lipase) enzymes was detected at all protein replacement levels (except for 25FPKM), as well as of the enzyme for cellulose digestion (cellulase), but not of the carbohydrate-digesting enzymes (amylase). Protein synthesis capacity in flesh was improved in fish fed the 50FPKM diet, while the quality of the main flesh proteins, actin and myosin, showed no significant differences across the five treatments. No differences in carcass composition and no negative effects on hematological parameters or liver histoarchitecture at the 50% replacement level of SBM by FPKM also support this alternative. Findings from the current study indicate the low-cost FPKM-containing diet for tilapia in comparison with control diet.

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Utilization of Shrimp Shell Waste as Alternative Raw for Mariculture

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202132403006 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 324 ◽

pp. 03006

Author(s):

Tri Yulianto ◽

Dwi Septiani Putri ◽

Shavika Miranti ◽

Wiwin Kusuma Atmaja Putra

Keyword(s):

Fish Meal ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Nutrient Content ◽

Proximate Analysis ◽

Raw Material ◽

Fish Feed ◽

Microsoft Excel ◽

Feed Production ◽

Shrimp Shell ◽

Shrimp Shell Waste

Feed is still one of the problems in aquaculture because it takes about 70% of operational costs. High prices is caused by imported raw materials for feed production. One possible effort to overcome this problem is to find alternative local raw materials to replace imported fish meal. The purpose of this study was to examine the proximate content of shrimp shell wastes from processing shrimp crackers (Paneus sp.) to be used as shrimp flour. Samples were colledted three times in a month, at the beginning, middle and end of the month. The waste of the heads, shells and tails of the shrimp were turned into flour for laboratory testing through proximate analysis. The data were tabulated using the Microsoft Excel softwareand then analyzed descriptively by comparing the nutrient content of shrimp waste flour with the feed requirements of mariculture. The results showed that shrimp shell flour contained protein, fat, carbohydrates and ash content of around 27.4%, 2.07%, 14.84% and 47.27%. while the resulting randemen ranged from 81.75%. Therefore, shrimp shell flour can be used as an alternative raw material for preparing marine fish feed.

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Pemanfaatan Tepung Silase Usus Ayam sebagai Substitusi Tepung Ikan dalam Formulasi Pakan Benih Patin Siam (Pangasius hypophthalmus)

Journal of Aquaculture and Fish Health ◽

10.20473/jafh.v8i1.12012 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 62

Author(s):

Tri Sukma

Keyword(s):

Feed Efficiency ◽

Fish Meal ◽

Protein Source ◽

Feed Formulation ◽

Chicken Intestine ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Commercial Feed ◽

Alternative Protein ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

June July

The demand of fish meal as a protein source of feed increases with the increasing of fish culture activities, so this activities needed alternative protein sources to reduce the use of fish meal. The feed ingredient can be used as an alternative protein source is chicken intestine silage meal. The purpose of this research were to determine the percentage of chicken intestine silage meal to substitute fish meal in feed formulation of catfish fry based on the growth and feed efficiency. This research was conducted in June-July 2014 in the Laboratory of Aquaculture, Aquaculture Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Sriwijaya University. Research methods using Completely Randomized Design with six treatments and three replications (A : commercial feed, B: 0% chicken intestine silage meal and 100% fish meal, C: 25% chicken intestine silage meal and 75% fish meal, D: 50% chicken intestine silage meal and 50% fish meal, E: 75% chicken intestine silage meal and 25% fish meal, F: 100% chicken intestine silage meal and 0% fish meal). Results showed the utilization of chicken intestine silage meal significant effect on growth and feed efficiency, but not significant on survival catfish fry. Utilization of chicken intestine silae meal could substitute 100% fish meal in feed formulation of catfish fry. During the study the water quality is still at normal level for the maintenance of catfish fry.

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