scholarly journals Mesozoic subalkaline rocks of Central part of the Northern Caucasus: geodynamical typification, geochemistry and minerageny

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
В.М. Газеев ◽  
А.Г. Гурбанов ◽  
И.А. Кондрашов
Keyword(s):  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Fluid Phase ◽  
Northern Caucasus ◽  
Spinel Peridotite ◽  
Alkaline Basalt ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
Evolutionary Changes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Convective Cells

В Центральной части Северного Кавказа, в пределах КестантыХазнидонской неоаллохтонной зоны, выделенной в южной части Скифской платформы, встречаются лавовые потоки, силлы, мелкие штоки и дайки вулканитов хуламского комплекса с которыми ассоциирует золотосеребряное оруденение. В статье рассмотрена мезозойская геологическая история региона, существующие представления о геодинамической позиции и возрасте вулканитов. Проведено изучение наиболее распространенных пород, представленных щелочными и умереннощелочными базальтовыми порфиритами, диабазами, анальцимовыми долеритами, трахитами, трахириолитами. Кратко произведено петрографическое описание пород и приведены результаты их RFA, ICPMS анализа, рассмотрены петрохимические и геохимические характеристики. Показано, что изученные породы являются высоко и умеренноглиноземистыми, высоко и умереннотитанистыми, умеренно и низкомагнезиальными образованиями, среди которых отмечаются высококалиевые и высоконатриевые разновидности и в связи с этим наблюдается их изменчивая щелочность (Na2O/K2O0,0377,0). Установлено, что породы имеют повышенный уровень концентрации Ag, Ве, LILe, LREE и высокозарядных элементов Zr, Hf, Nb, Tа. Спектры распределения REE, нормированных к хондриту, у базальтов, диабазов и анальцимовых долеритов имеют вид наклонных линии, расположенных между профилями OIB и EMORB. Трахиты отличаются небольшим Eu минимумом. Для риолитов и окварцованных трахитов характерны существенно больший Eu минимум и широкий диапазон содержаний REE. Предполагается, что исходный расплав основного состава образован при плавлении шпинелевых перидотитов, подвергался влиянию флюидной фазы и был обогащен компонентами континентальной коры и субконтинентальной литосферы. Эволюционные изменения расплава, на стадии образования трахитов и риолитов, включали такие процессы как фракционирование плагиоклаза, апатита, ильменита и частичное смешение с выплавками, образовавшимися при плавлении метаосадков. На основании геологических оценок сделано предположение, что полиметаллическое и AuAg оруденение ассоциирующее с вулканитами, образовано в результате взаимодействия остывающих субвулканических тел с захороненными, возможно минерализованными, вадозными и седиментационными водами с последующим выщелачиванием рудных компонентов из среднеюрской углерод содержащей терригенной черносланцевой толщи (механизм конвективной ячейки). In the central part of the North Caucasus, within the KestantyKhaznidon neoallochtonous zone, allocated in the southern part of the Scythian platform there are lava flows, sills, small stocks and dykes of volcanic rocks of the Khulam complex that are associated with goldsilver mineralization. The article considers the Mesozoic geological history of the region, the existing ideas about the geodynamic position and age of volcanics. Investigation of the most common rocks represented by alkaline and moderately alkaline basalt porphyrites, diabases, analcite dolerites, trachytes and trachiolites. A petrographic description of the rocks is briefly given and the results of their RFA, ICPMS analysis are presented, petrochemical and geochemical characteristics are considered. It was shown that the investigated rocks are high and moderatealumina, high and moderatetitanic, moderately and lowmagnesian formations, among which there are highpotassium and highsodium varieties and, therefore, their variable alkalinity (Na2O/K2O0.0377.0). It was established that rocks have an increased level of concentration of Ag, Ве, LILe, LREE and highly charged elements Zr, Hf, Nb, Tа. The distribution spectra of REE, normalized to chondritis in basalts, diabases, and analcimeic dolerites have the form of oblique lines located between the OIB and EMORB profiles. Trachyte is characterized by a small Eu minimum. Rhyolites and silicified trachytes are characterized by a significantly larger Eu minimum and a wide range of REE contents. It is assumed that the initial melt of the basic composition was formed during the spinel peridotite melting and it was influenced by the fluid phase, and was enriched by the components of the continental crust and subcontinental lithosphere. The evolutionary changes in the melt, at the formation stage of trachytes and rhyolites, included such processes as fractionation of plagioclase, apatite, ilmenite, and partial mixing with the melts formed during the melting of metasediments. Based on geological estimates, it has been suggested that polymetallic and AuAg mineralization associated with volcanics is formed as a result of the interaction of cooling subvolcanic bodies with buried, possibly mineralized, vadose and sedimentation waters, followed by leaching of ore components from Middle Jurassic carbon containing terrigenous black shale strata (mechanism of convective cells).

Centenary of the Patriotic War of 1812 in the North Caucasus: Memory and Politics

Istoriya ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10 (108)) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Natalia Dmitrieva
Keyword(s):  
War Of 1812 ◽  
Northern Caucasus ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Periodical Press ◽  
Specific Nature ◽  
The North ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Political Orientations ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Imperial State

The article is devoted to the problems of commemorating the events of the Patriotic War of 1812 in the Northern Caucasus in the year of the centenary. A wide range of archival and published sources is used to analyse the ways in which the image of victory in the war with Napoleon is formed in the region, and to trace the specifics of the imperial authorities' construction of the memory of the war and the involvement of all the peoples of the Russian Empire in this event. The specific nature of regional commemorative practices is revealed through a comparative analysis of the various political orientations of the central and regional press. Periodicals were the most responsive and reflected on their pages all actions of the authorities to implement the jubilee celebrations, the key objective of which was seen as the unification of the country's multi-ethnic and multi-confessional population. In the conditions of increasing social and inter-ethnic contradictions in the North Caucasus, as well as the significant militarisation of Russian celebrations in the early 20th century, the memory of the victory in the Patriotic War of 1812 was to become a certain assemblage point for the imperial state under the conditions of instability. An analysis of the reporting documents on the celebrations in the North Caucasus in comparison with the materials of the periodical press made it possible to identify the possibilities and limits of the use of the jubilee date in this process.

Features of Formation and Coronization of the State Apparatus in the Context of National Construction in the Northern Caucasus in 1920s — 1930s

Istoriya ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10 (108)) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Anton Averianov
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Northern Caucasus ◽  
Office Work ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
Indigenous Policy ◽  
State Apparatus ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
National Languages

The article examines the features of the policy of the indigenization of the state apparatus in the national autonomies of the North Caucasus in the 1920s — 1930s. Based on the analysis of the achievements of modern historiography, as well as a wide range of archival documents, the main tasks, directions and stages of the indigenization of state authorities are highlighted. The emphasis is on studying the specifics of the indigenization of the lower Soviet apparatus — village councils and aul councils, which were considered as the basis of Soviet power in the North Caucasus. The article substantiates the position that the process of Soviet construction and the indigenization of the lower Soviet authorities in the mountain autonomies had an identical character. It is emphasized that the indigenous policy was of an applied nature and was the most important component of the state strategy of nation-building in the region. Its essence consisted in the promotion of national personnel to managerial and technical positions in the state apparatus and the translation of office work into national languages. It is noted that the process of indigenization proceeded unevenly, had different dynamics and faced a number of difficulties due to local cultural, social and everyday characteristics. It is shown that in the 1920s. the indigenization of the state apparatus had a political implication and was aimed at ensuring the loyalty of the peoples of the North Caucasus to the Soviet regime. In the 1930s. the policy of indigenization acquires a pronounced class character, which leads to a decrease in its dynamics and a gradual curtailment.

Selection of china plum varieties (Prunus salicina lindl.) for use in modern plantings of the northern caucasus foothill zone

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
A. E. Dedova
Keyword(s):  
Northern Caucasus ◽  
Seasonal Growth ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Biometric Parameters ◽  
The North ◽  
Prunus Salicina ◽  
Breeding Station ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Plum Varieties ◽  
Selection Of

This paper presents the results of two years of research (2018-2019) of the most important phonological phases of seasonal growth and development, biometric parameters, productivity and economic efficiency of new varieties of Chinese plum (P. salicina Lindl.) grown in the foothill zone of the North Caucasus in the Krymsk district of Krasnodar territory on a plot of the Krymsk experimental breeding station – branch of VIR. As a result of research, the varieties Angeleno, Black Star, Byron Gold, Black Amber, Larry Ann and Sun Gold were recommended for cultivation using intensive technologies.

Features seed the resumption of alpine maple

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Х.М. Хетагуров
Keyword(s):  
Setting Time ◽  
Northern Caucasus ◽  
Average Score ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The Third ◽  
The North ◽  
Seed Origin ◽  
North Ossetia ◽  
Vegetative Origin ◽  
Upper Boundary

Кленовники Северного Кавказа – особый тип лесных формаций. Особенность проявляется не только в структуре фитоценозов, но и в способах самовозобновления. Объект исследования – чистые и смешанные кленовники в нескольких урочищах РСО-Алания. Объекты расположены в различных условиях горного рельефа и на разной высоте над уровнем моря, от 1100 до 1900 м. Целью исследования является установление особенностей семенного возобновления кленовников, произрастающих в верхнем поясе распространения лесов на Северном Кавказе. Для достижения поставленной цели устанавливали время цветения и созревания семян по вертикальным поясам распространения кленовников. Обилие цветения и средний балл плодоношения устанавливали по В.Г. Капперу. Биометрические характеристики семян определяли по урочищам в трех повторностях. Учет подроста проводили на круговых учетных площадках по 10 м2, в соответствии с методикой А.В. Грязькина. Установлено, что цветение клена Траутфеттера начинается 10–14 мая и заканчивается в третьей декаде мая. Семена начинают созревать к концу августа – к началу сентября. Сроки опадения семян растянуты. Часть семян попадает на почву до начала листопада, поэтому они оказываются погребенными под опадом. Такие семена быстро теряют всхожесть, выпревают. Другая часть опадает вместе с листьями. Третья категория семян (самые легкие) держатся на деревьях до декабря и даже до весны. Естественное возобновление клена семенами под пологом материнского древостоя сильно затруднено из-за мощного травяного покрова. В древостое с сомкнутым пологом доля цветущих и плодоносящих деревьев составляет 2–3%, а средний балл плодоношения составляет 1,3. Освещенность на поверхности почвы не превышает 100 люкс, т. е. составляет 0,2–0,3% от освещенности на открытом месте; на высоте 1,3 м (над травостоем) освещенность несколько выше – от 1,2 до 1,6 тыс. люкс. Под пологом древостоя преобладает подрост вегетативного происхождения. У верхней границы кленового леса подрост семенного происхождения встречается в окнах, прогалинах и на открытых местах в количестве 430–630 экз./га. По высоте преобладает крупный подрост 50–60%, доля мелкого – 10–20%. The maple stands of the North Caucasus – a special type of forest formations. The peculiarity is manifested not only in the structure of phytocoenoses, but also in the ways of self-renewing. Object of research – pure and mixed maple stands in some areas of North Ossetia-Alania. The properties are located in various mountainous terrain and at different heights above sea level from 1100 to 1900 m. The aim of the study is to establish the characteristics of the seed the resumption of the maple stands growing in the upper belt of forests spread in the Northern Caucasus. To achieve this goal setting time of flowering and ripening of seeds on vertical zones distribution dominated. The abundance of flowering and the average score of fruiting was established by V.G. Capper. Biometric characteristics of the seeds was determined by the tracts in three replicates. Accounting for the undergrowth was carried out on a circular experimental plots at 10 m2, in accordance with the method of A.V. Grashkin. It is established that the flowering maple Trautvetter begins may 10–14 and ends in the third week of may. Seeds begin to ripen by late August – early September. The timing of subsidence of the stretched seed. Some of the seeds falls to the ground before the leaves, so they are trapped under the litter. These seeds quickly lose their germination, vypivaet. The other part falls along with the leaves. The third category of seeds (the light) stay on the trees until December and even till spring. Natural regeneration of maple seeds under the canopy of parent stand is very difficult due to the strong grass cover. In forest stands with dense canopy, proportion of flowering and fruit-bearing trees is 2–3%, and the average score of fruiting is 1.3. The illumination on the surface of the soil does not exceed 100 Lux, i. e. 0.2–0.3% of the light in the open, at a height of 1.3 m (on grass) the lighting is slightly higher, from 1.2 to 1.6 thousand Suite. Under the canopy of the forest the undergrowth is dominated by vegetative origin. At the upper boundary of the maple forest, saplings of seed origin occurs in Windows, clearings and open places in the number 430–630 ind./ha. In height dominated by large undergrowth of 50–60%, the share of small – 10–20%.

scholarly journals Educational strategy of the Russian power in the Northern Caucasus regarding muslims (60s–90s of the 19th century).

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 36-45
Author(s):  
Nadezhda O. Bleich ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Northern Caucasus ◽  
Educational Strategy ◽  
Regional Structure ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Historical Aspect ◽  
The North ◽  
Educational Paradigm ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Educational Potential ◽  
Structure Of Education

The article analyzes the educational policy of Russia regarding the Muslims of the North Caucasus, substantiates the formation of the educational potential of the Muslim mountaineers in the historical aspect associated with the evolution of the educational paradigm of the state in the field of their education, the result of which was the adaptation of the regional structure of education to the all-Russian system. It is concluded that the imperial government, adapting to the situation of capitalism and carrying out modernization in the region, began to pay more attention to the issues of enlightening "infidels". But due to the inconsistent policy of officials, the coverage of Muslims by training was insufficient and required further reform of the national educational system.

scholarly journals FORECASTING OF DAMAGES FROM NATURAL HAZARDS FOR THE “NORTHERN CAUCASUS RESORTS” TOURIST CLUSTER

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-356
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav BABURIN ◽  
◽  
Svetlana BADINA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Northern Caucasus ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
The North ◽  
Study Results

The article proposes a methodological approach to potential damage from natural hazards forecasting in case of large-scale investment projects realization in ski tourism planning, as well as to assessing changes in the vulnerability of the territory in which these projects will be implemented. The method was verified on the data of the “Northern Caucasus Resorts” tourist cluster. The study purpose is the creation and verification of a methodology for socio-economic damage predicting in limit values and vulnerability changing in the regions of the “North Caucasus Resorts” tourist cluster objects localization for the long term. Research methods – statistical (a structural approach based on the identification of common structural patterns of several sets). The lack of statistical information on significant parameters for forecasting determine necessitates of using the various logically non-contradictory revaluations based on the identified structural similarities for the calculation of their values within the planning horizon. The study results and main conclusions – in case of the “North Caucasus Resorts” tourist cluster creation the number of people potentially located in avalanche and mudflow danger areas will significantly increase in all of its facilities localization municipalities, which indicate an increase in the individual risk of death level for this territory. The present population in the ski season in some of the most remote and underdeveloped areas can increase up to 30 times. The increment in the value of the fixed assets for the municipalities under consideration will be from two to 90 times, potential damages in limit values will reach tens of billions rubles.

THE ROLE OF TECHNOGENIC IMPACT IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF DANGEROUS GEOLOGICAL PROCESSES IN THE MOUNTAIN REGIONS OF THE NORTHERN CAUCASUS

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-450
Author(s):  
Irina Malneva ◽  
Nina Kononova ◽  
Muhtar Hadzhiev
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Northern Caucasus ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Technogenic Impact ◽  
The North ◽  
Geological Processes ◽  
Rock Formations ◽  
Operational Forecasts

The article presents an assessment of technogenic impact on the development of hazardous geological processes in the mountainous regions of the Northern Caucasus in the current century. Technogenic impact is determined by the stability of rock formations that make up the Krasnodar Territory, Kabardino-Balkaria, and North Ossetia relative to the impacts of other forces. It is also noted that the activity of hazardous geological processes is largely determined by the interaction of climatic conditions, which determine their speed, and technogenesis. Examples of problematic territories of the North Caucasus are given. To assess climatic changes and major catastrophes, a typology of atmospheric circulation in the Northern Hemisphere was developed under the leadership of B.L. Dzerdzeevsky. Typification materials from the period between 1899 and 2018 are posted in the public domain, at www.atmospheric-circulation.ru. The largest catastrophes, in which landslides and mudflows became more active, and the interaction of natural and man-made factors in these disasters are considered.Hazardous geological processes can disrupt the sustainable development of individual regions with their negative impact on the environment. The assessment of their danger is therefore of special current relevance. The article considers the possibility of predicting catastrophes associated with these processes. Long-term forecasts of landslides, mudflows and other processes continue to be important. The methodology of such forecasting was previously developed in sufficient detail. The greatest importance is assigned to operational forecasts that will make it possible to warn of possible danger hours or even days ahead.

“…I AM CONVINCED THAT THERE WILL BE A KABARDIAN AUTONOMOUS OKRUG AND I WILL SUPPORT THE WILL Of THE WORKERS”. DOCUMENTS AND MATERIALS ON THE WITHDRAWAL OF THE KABARDINSKY DISTRICT FROM THE MOUNTAIN ASSR IN 1921

Kavkazologiya ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 81-95
Author(s):  
A.G. KAZHAROV ◽  
◽  
M.S. TAMAZOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Interest ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Before And After ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Will ◽  
The Republic ◽  
North Ossetia

The published documents were found in the archives of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania. These are the materials of the meetings of the Soviet and party authorities of the Mountain Republic, which were devoted to the discussion of the problem of Kabarda's secession from the polyethnic mountain autonomy. The Kabardian problem was discussed several times by the leadership of the Mountain Republic in June 1921 before and after the congress of the peoples of Kabarda that took place this month. The minutes of the meetings have not yet been published in the published thematic collections of documents dedicated to the history of the nation-building of the peoples of the North Caucasus. The documents contribute to the understanding of the position of the statesmen of the Mountain Republic on the formation of new autonomous units and the identification of the concrete historical content of these processes. The protocols make it possible to reconstruct the process of not only the disintegration of the collective mountain statehood, but also make it possible to clarify important points in the history of its creation. Party and Soviet leaders often returned to the problems of the initial stage of the formation of the Mountain Republic. Further study of the problems of the formation of a system of national autonomies in the North Caucasus in recent times will largely depend, including on the introduction of new documents into scientific circulation and their interpretation by a wide range of researchers. In this regard, the published documents and materials are of great scientific interest.

scholarly journals Industrial stones of the Northern Caucasus: (marble, decorative limestone)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
В.М. Газеев ◽  
В.Ю. Герасимов ◽  
А.Г. Гурбанов ◽  
О.А. Гурбанова
Keyword(s):  
Northern Caucasus ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Color Palette ◽  
The North ◽  
Ornamental Stones

На основании изучения геологических отчетов и публикаций охарактеризованы поделочные камни Северного Кавказа осадочного и метаморфогенного происхождения. Приведено краткое геологическое описание наиболее типичных месторождений мрамора и декоративного известняка. Рассмотрены возраст образования и цветовая палитра камней этого типа. Определены территории и геологические разрезы, благоприятные для их поисков Based Based on the study of geological reports and publications, the ornamental stones of the North Caucasus of sedimentary and metamorphogenic origin are characterized. A brief geological description of the most typical deposits of marble and decorative limestone is given. The age of formation and the color palette of stones of this type are considered. The territories and geological sections favorable for their search are determined

scholarly journals COLLECTIONAL MINERALS AND ORNAMENT STONES IN ULTRABASIC AND BASIC ROCKS OF THE NORTHERN CAUCASUS

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
С.В. Попов ◽  
О.А. Гурбанова ◽  
А.Г. Гурбанов ◽  
В.М. Газеев
Keyword(s):  
Fault Zones ◽  
Northern Caucasus ◽  
Weathering Crust ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
Ornamental Stones ◽  
Basic Rocks

Аннотация: на основании изучения геологических отчетов, научных публикаций и маршрутных ис- следований выявлены минералы и поделочные камни, встречающиеся на Северном Кавказе в породах ультраосновного и основного составов. Установлено, что их происхождение связано с метасомати- ческими процессами, протекавшими на контактах ультраосновных пород с габброидамии гранитами, а также в доюрских корах выветривания и зонах разломов. Приведено краткое описание наиболее ти- пичных проявлений коллекционных минералов и поделочных камней. Examining geological reports, scientifi c publications and routing studies minerals and ornamental stones that occur in ultrabasic and basic rocks of the North Caucasus have been identifi ed. It is found that their origin is related to metasomatic processes that occurred in the contacts of ultrabasic rocks, gabbroids and granites and also in the Pre-Jurassic weathering crust and in fault zones. A brief description of the most typical occurrence of collectible minerals and ornament stones has been provided. .

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