Selection of china plum varieties (Prunus salicina lindl.) for use in modern plantings of the northern caucasus foothill zone

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
A. E. Dedova
Keyword(s):  
Northern Caucasus ◽  
Seasonal Growth ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Biometric Parameters ◽  
The North ◽  
Prunus Salicina ◽  
Breeding Station ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Plum Varieties ◽  
Selection Of

This paper presents the results of two years of research (2018-2019) of the most important phonological phases of seasonal growth and development, biometric parameters, productivity and economic efficiency of new varieties of Chinese plum (P. salicina Lindl.) grown in the foothill zone of the North Caucasus in the Krymsk district of Krasnodar territory on a plot of the Krymsk experimental breeding station – branch of VIR. As a result of research, the varieties Angeleno, Black Star, Byron Gold, Black Amber, Larry Ann and Sun Gold were recommended for cultivation using intensive technologies.

Features seed the resumption of alpine maple

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Х.М. Хетагуров
Keyword(s):  
Setting Time ◽  
Northern Caucasus ◽  
Average Score ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The Third ◽  
The North ◽  
Seed Origin ◽  
North Ossetia ◽  
Vegetative Origin ◽  
Upper Boundary

Кленовники Северного Кавказа – особый тип лесных формаций. Особенность проявляется не только в структуре фитоценозов, но и в способах самовозобновления. Объект исследования – чистые и смешанные кленовники в нескольких урочищах РСО-Алания. Объекты расположены в различных условиях горного рельефа и на разной высоте над уровнем моря, от 1100 до 1900 м. Целью исследования является установление особенностей семенного возобновления кленовников, произрастающих в верхнем поясе распространения лесов на Северном Кавказе. Для достижения поставленной цели устанавливали время цветения и созревания семян по вертикальным поясам распространения кленовников. Обилие цветения и средний балл плодоношения устанавливали по В.Г. Капперу. Биометрические характеристики семян определяли по урочищам в трех повторностях. Учет подроста проводили на круговых учетных площадках по 10 м2, в соответствии с методикой А.В. Грязькина. Установлено, что цветение клена Траутфеттера начинается 10–14 мая и заканчивается в третьей декаде мая. Семена начинают созревать к концу августа – к началу сентября. Сроки опадения семян растянуты. Часть семян попадает на почву до начала листопада, поэтому они оказываются погребенными под опадом. Такие семена быстро теряют всхожесть, выпревают. Другая часть опадает вместе с листьями. Третья категория семян (самые легкие) держатся на деревьях до декабря и даже до весны. Естественное возобновление клена семенами под пологом материнского древостоя сильно затруднено из-за мощного травяного покрова. В древостое с сомкнутым пологом доля цветущих и плодоносящих деревьев составляет 2–3%, а средний балл плодоношения составляет 1,3. Освещенность на поверхности почвы не превышает 100 люкс, т. е. составляет 0,2–0,3% от освещенности на открытом месте; на высоте 1,3 м (над травостоем) освещенность несколько выше – от 1,2 до 1,6 тыс. люкс. Под пологом древостоя преобладает подрост вегетативного происхождения. У верхней границы кленового леса подрост семенного происхождения встречается в окнах, прогалинах и на открытых местах в количестве 430–630 экз./га. По высоте преобладает крупный подрост 50–60%, доля мелкого – 10–20%. The maple stands of the North Caucasus – a special type of forest formations. The peculiarity is manifested not only in the structure of phytocoenoses, but also in the ways of self-renewing. Object of research – pure and mixed maple stands in some areas of North Ossetia-Alania. The properties are located in various mountainous terrain and at different heights above sea level from 1100 to 1900 m. The aim of the study is to establish the characteristics of the seed the resumption of the maple stands growing in the upper belt of forests spread in the Northern Caucasus. To achieve this goal setting time of flowering and ripening of seeds on vertical zones distribution dominated. The abundance of flowering and the average score of fruiting was established by V.G. Capper. Biometric characteristics of the seeds was determined by the tracts in three replicates. Accounting for the undergrowth was carried out on a circular experimental plots at 10 m2, in accordance with the method of A.V. Grashkin. It is established that the flowering maple Trautvetter begins may 10–14 and ends in the third week of may. Seeds begin to ripen by late August – early September. The timing of subsidence of the stretched seed. Some of the seeds falls to the ground before the leaves, so they are trapped under the litter. These seeds quickly lose their germination, vypivaet. The other part falls along with the leaves. The third category of seeds (the light) stay on the trees until December and even till spring. Natural regeneration of maple seeds under the canopy of parent stand is very difficult due to the strong grass cover. In forest stands with dense canopy, proportion of flowering and fruit-bearing trees is 2–3%, and the average score of fruiting is 1.3. The illumination on the surface of the soil does not exceed 100 Lux, i. e. 0.2–0.3% of the light in the open, at a height of 1.3 m (on grass) the lighting is slightly higher, from 1.2 to 1.6 thousand Suite. Under the canopy of the forest the undergrowth is dominated by vegetative origin. At the upper boundary of the maple forest, saplings of seed origin occurs in Windows, clearings and open places in the number 430–630 ind./ha. In height dominated by large undergrowth of 50–60%, the share of small – 10–20%.

VIRULENCE OF THE NORTH CAUCASIAN POPULATION OF PUCCINIA GRAMINIS PERS. F. SP. TRITICI

1970 ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
G. V. Volkova ◽  
Е. V. Gladkova ◽  
O. O. Miroshnichenko
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Caucasian Population ◽  
Puccinia Graminis ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
Pathogen Virulence ◽  
The North ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Wheat Lines

The aim of the study was to monitor the virulence of Puccinia graminis Pers. f. sp. tritici in the North Caucasus.  The objectives of the study were to collect P. graminis infectious material from sown winter wheat varieties and evaluate the long-term dynamics of the pathogen virulence in the North Caucasus region in 2014-2019. As a result, an analysis of the virulence of the stem rust pathogen population of wheat collected in Krasnodar, Stavropol Territories, and Rostov Region was carried out. 81 mono-empty mushroom isolates were isolated and differentiated.  The genes Sr5, Sr31, Sr38 were characterized by high efficiency.  On the lines with the genes Sr7b, Sr8b, Sr9f, Sr9g, Sr10, Sr11, Sr12, Sr13, Sr14, Sr21, Sr22, Sr23, Sr26, Sr29, Sr32, Sr33, S35, Sr37, SrDp2, SrWLD, a variation in the virulence frequencies of P. graminis was observed.  Significant changes (in the direction of increasing occurrence) in the North Caucasian population 2014-2019  the pathogen was noted in the frequency of clones virulent to wheat lines with resistance genes Sr11, Sr21, Sr22, Sr26, Sr32, Sr33. A decrease in the frequency of clones virulent to Sr8b, Sr9g, Sr10, Sr12, Sr14, Sr35. At approximately the same level, the occurrence of clones virulent to the genes Sr6, Sr7a, Sr8а, Sr9a, Sr9b, Sr9d, Sr9e, Sr13, Sr15, Sr16, Sr17, Sr19, Sr20, Sr24, Sr25, Sr27, Sr30, Sr36, Sr39, Sr40, Sr44, SrGt, SrTmp. Effective genes that have shown their resistance to P. graminis in the seedling phase are proposed for use in breeding in southern Russia to create new varieties of wheat.

scholarly journals Educational strategy of the Russian power in the Northern Caucasus regarding muslims (60s–90s of the 19th century).

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 36-45
Author(s):  
Nadezhda O. Bleich ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Northern Caucasus ◽  
Educational Strategy ◽  
Regional Structure ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Historical Aspect ◽  
The North ◽  
Educational Paradigm ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Educational Potential ◽  
Structure Of Education

The article analyzes the educational policy of Russia regarding the Muslims of the North Caucasus, substantiates the formation of the educational potential of the Muslim mountaineers in the historical aspect associated with the evolution of the educational paradigm of the state in the field of their education, the result of which was the adaptation of the regional structure of education to the all-Russian system. It is concluded that the imperial government, adapting to the situation of capitalism and carrying out modernization in the region, began to pay more attention to the issues of enlightening "infidels". But due to the inconsistent policy of officials, the coverage of Muslims by training was insufficient and required further reform of the national educational system.

scholarly journals FORECASTING OF DAMAGES FROM NATURAL HAZARDS FOR THE “NORTHERN CAUCASUS RESORTS” TOURIST CLUSTER

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-356
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav BABURIN ◽  
◽  
Svetlana BADINA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Northern Caucasus ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
The North ◽  
Study Results

The article proposes a methodological approach to potential damage from natural hazards forecasting in case of large-scale investment projects realization in ski tourism planning, as well as to assessing changes in the vulnerability of the territory in which these projects will be implemented. The method was verified on the data of the “Northern Caucasus Resorts” tourist cluster. The study purpose is the creation and verification of a methodology for socio-economic damage predicting in limit values and vulnerability changing in the regions of the “North Caucasus Resorts” tourist cluster objects localization for the long term. Research methods – statistical (a structural approach based on the identification of common structural patterns of several sets). The lack of statistical information on significant parameters for forecasting determine necessitates of using the various logically non-contradictory revaluations based on the identified structural similarities for the calculation of their values within the planning horizon. The study results and main conclusions – in case of the “North Caucasus Resorts” tourist cluster creation the number of people potentially located in avalanche and mudflow danger areas will significantly increase in all of its facilities localization municipalities, which indicate an increase in the individual risk of death level for this territory. The present population in the ski season in some of the most remote and underdeveloped areas can increase up to 30 times. The increment in the value of the fixed assets for the municipalities under consideration will be from two to 90 times, potential damages in limit values will reach tens of billions rubles.

THE ROLE OF TECHNOGENIC IMPACT IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF DANGEROUS GEOLOGICAL PROCESSES IN THE MOUNTAIN REGIONS OF THE NORTHERN CAUCASUS

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-450
Author(s):  
Irina Malneva ◽  
Nina Kononova ◽  
Muhtar Hadzhiev
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Northern Caucasus ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Technogenic Impact ◽  
The North ◽  
Geological Processes ◽  
Rock Formations ◽  
Operational Forecasts

The article presents an assessment of technogenic impact on the development of hazardous geological processes in the mountainous regions of the Northern Caucasus in the current century. Technogenic impact is determined by the stability of rock formations that make up the Krasnodar Territory, Kabardino-Balkaria, and North Ossetia relative to the impacts of other forces. It is also noted that the activity of hazardous geological processes is largely determined by the interaction of climatic conditions, which determine their speed, and technogenesis. Examples of problematic territories of the North Caucasus are given. To assess climatic changes and major catastrophes, a typology of atmospheric circulation in the Northern Hemisphere was developed under the leadership of B.L. Dzerdzeevsky. Typification materials from the period between 1899 and 2018 are posted in the public domain, at www.atmospheric-circulation.ru. The largest catastrophes, in which landslides and mudflows became more active, and the interaction of natural and man-made factors in these disasters are considered.Hazardous geological processes can disrupt the sustainable development of individual regions with their negative impact on the environment. The assessment of their danger is therefore of special current relevance. The article considers the possibility of predicting catastrophes associated with these processes. Long-term forecasts of landslides, mudflows and other processes continue to be important. The methodology of such forecasting was previously developed in sufficient detail. The greatest importance is assigned to operational forecasts that will make it possible to warn of possible danger hours or even days ahead.

scholarly journals Industrial stones of the Northern Caucasus: (marble, decorative limestone)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
В.М. Газеев ◽  
В.Ю. Герасимов ◽  
А.Г. Гурбанов ◽  
О.А. Гурбанова
Keyword(s):  
Northern Caucasus ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Color Palette ◽  
The North ◽  
Ornamental Stones

На основании изучения геологических отчетов и публикаций охарактеризованы поделочные камни Северного Кавказа осадочного и метаморфогенного происхождения. Приведено краткое геологическое описание наиболее типичных месторождений мрамора и декоративного известняка. Рассмотрены возраст образования и цветовая палитра камней этого типа. Определены территории и геологические разрезы, благоприятные для их поисков Based Based on the study of geological reports and publications, the ornamental stones of the North Caucasus of sedimentary and metamorphogenic origin are characterized. A brief geological description of the most typical deposits of marble and decorative limestone is given. The age of formation and the color palette of stones of this type are considered. The territories and geological sections favorable for their search are determined

scholarly journals NEW EARLY VARIETIES OF VEGETABLE PEA

2019 ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
A. G. Besedin ◽  
O. V. Putina
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The State ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Early Variety ◽  
Breeding Station ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Variety Testing ◽  
Plant Breeding Station

The volume and structure of sown areas of vegetable pea varieties of different terms of ripening, selection of the Krymsk Experiment Plant Breeding Station, VIR in the southern region of Russia is shown. When creating new varieties, at present, priority is given to obtaining very early and early, in order to expand the conveyer of raw materials for processing. The merits of the breeding achievements created and included in the State Register are shown: a very early variety Prima (year of inclusion 2016) and an early Kudodesnik 2 (2018), which have already begun to be used in production. However, for processing enterprises in each group of ripening it is necessary to have 2-3 varieties. Therefore, we have set a goal - to create new varieties of vegetable peas of very early and early ripening periods, adaptive to the climatic conditions of the North Caucasus region. The studies were carried out from 2016 to 2018 in breeding fields (Krymsk Experiment Plant Breeding Station, VIR, Krasnodar region). Studied 10 varieties and lines. According to the results of evaluation in competitive variety testing (in 2016-2017), a very early grade of vegetable peas Izyuminka was transferred to the state test. The variety ripens 9 days earlier than the Alpha standard and surpasses it in yield (by 2.2 t / ha.). According to the competitive test held in 2017-2018, in 2019, the early variety Mayak was transferred to the state variety testing, which ripens 4 days earlier than the standard and is almost twice as high in yield. The use of these varieties in the processing industry will significantly increase the period of receipt of grain for processing.

scholarly journals COLLECTIONAL MINERALS AND ORNAMENT STONES IN ULTRABASIC AND BASIC ROCKS OF THE NORTHERN CAUCASUS

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
С.В. Попов ◽  
О.А. Гурбанова ◽  
А.Г. Гурбанов ◽  
В.М. Газеев
Keyword(s):  
Fault Zones ◽  
Northern Caucasus ◽  
Weathering Crust ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
Ornamental Stones ◽  
Basic Rocks

Аннотация: на основании изучения геологических отчетов, научных публикаций и маршрутных ис- следований выявлены минералы и поделочные камни, встречающиеся на Северном Кавказе в породах ультраосновного и основного составов. Установлено, что их происхождение связано с метасомати- ческими процессами, протекавшими на контактах ультраосновных пород с габброидамии гранитами, а также в доюрских корах выветривания и зонах разломов. Приведено краткое описание наиболее ти- пичных проявлений коллекционных минералов и поделочных камней. Examining geological reports, scientifi c publications and routing studies minerals and ornamental stones that occur in ultrabasic and basic rocks of the North Caucasus have been identifi ed. It is found that their origin is related to metasomatic processes that occurred in the contacts of ultrabasic rocks, gabbroids and granites and also in the Pre-Jurassic weathering crust and in fault zones. A brief description of the most typical occurrence of collectible minerals and ornament stones has been provided. .

scholarly journals NATURAL HAZARDS AND DISASTERS IN MOUNTAIN AREAS

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
В.Б. Свалова ◽  
В.Б. Заалишвили ◽  
Г.П. Ганапати ◽  
А.В. Николаев
Keyword(s):  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Northern Caucasus ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Mountain Areas ◽  
Natural Risk ◽  
Greater Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
Genetic Types ◽  
Geodynamic Processes ◽  
Hazard And Risk

Горные и прибрежные районы являются регионами наиболее подверженным стихийным бедствиям. Некоторые горные районы, которые уязвимы для оползней, также подвергались воздействию землетрясений. Когда в таких районах происходит землетрясение, риск возникновения оползня значительно возрастает. Природные опасности наносят огромный урон в мире и ежегодно их жертвами становятся множество людей. Концепция естественного риска может быть успешно использована для анализа природных опасностей и смягчения риска. Горные и предгорные районы Северного Кавказа расположены в зоне альпийской тектономагматической активации Большого Кавказа и характеризуются интенсивными геодинамическими процессами, наличием активных вулканов, высокой сейсмичностью (9-10 баллов) пульсирующими ледниками и самым широким развитием геологических опасностей различных генетических типов. Проблема сейсмической опасности и оценки риска Северного Кавказа генетически связана с активностью Большого Кавказа, самые сильные сейсмические события которого играют определяющую роль для некоторых регионов Северного Кавказа. Mountainous and coastal areas are the most affected regions for natural hazards. Certain mountainous areas are vulnerable to landslides but have also been affected by earthquakes. When an earthquake occurs in such areas, the risks for a landslide to occur grow tremendously. Natural hazards cause huge damage in the world and kill many people each year. The concept of natural risk can be successfully used for natural hazards analysis and reduction. Mountain and foothill areas of Northern Caucasus are located in the zone of alpine tectonomagmatic activation of Greater Caucasus and they characterized by intense geodynamic processes, the presence of active volcanoes, pulsating glaciers high seismicity (9-10 points) and broadest development of geohazards with different genetic types. The problem of seismic hazard and risk assessment of the North Caucasus is genetically related to the activity of the Greater Caucasus, the strongest seismic events of which play a determining role for some regions of the North Caucasus.

scholarly journals Breeding scheme and heterosis level of sugar sorghum hybrids

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (25) ◽  
pp. 64-72
Author(s):  
A.B. Volodin ◽  
◽  
S.I. Kapustin ◽  
A.S. Kapustin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Breeding Scheme ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
The North ◽  
Green Mass Yield ◽  
Selection Of

Creation and introduction of new hybrids of sugar sorghum adaptive to arid conditions allow stabilizing and increasing the productivity of forage mass over the years, which is of current importance. The aim of the research was to clarify the scheme and methods of selection of the initial material, assess the level of true heterosis, quantitative traits of green mass yield and plant height in the best obtained hybrids of sugar sorghum. The research was carried out according to the methods of laboratory and field experiments. The scheme of the breeding process included nurseries of source material and breeding nurseries, as well as creation of self-pollinated and sterile lines, hybridization, assessment of samples for CMS, combining ability, and testing new hybrids by saturating crosses and topcross. According to this scheme, sterile lines ‘A-63’, ‘Knyazhna’, ‘Zersta 38A’ were created. By methods of multiple and individual selection with subsequent inbreeding from hybrid populations, fertile paternal forms ‘Stavropolskoe 36’, ‘Galia’ and ‘Larets’ were created. Also, obtained on their basis hybrids ‘Silosnoe 88’ (standard), ‘Alga’, ‘Kalaus’, ‘Yarik’ served as the object of research. On average for 2016–2019, the most significant plant height under the conditions of the “North-Caucasus Federal Agrarian Research Center” was found in late-ripening combinations ‘Yarik’ (301.4 cm) and ‘Kalaus’ (289.0 cm). The level of true heterosis of this trait was 41.7 % and 31.6 %, respectively. In the studied hybrids, the pollination period of the parental forms coincides, the heterosis of the thickness of the stems is observed. The significant leafiness of the plants is also found to be in the late-ripening forms (15.7–16.0 %). The maximum yield of green mass was obtained from hybrids ‘Yarik’ (102.0 t/ha) and ‘Kalaus’ (86.7 t/ha). The level of true heterosis of the studied trait in these combinations was 67.9 t/ha and 47.0 t/ha, respectively, or 66.5 % and 54.2 %. The combination of other genetic plasmas provided a lower level of true heterosis. The late-ripening hybrids ‘Yarik’ and ‘Kalaus’ have significantly higher sugar content in the juice of the stems (12.89–14.03 %) compared with the mid-ripening ‘Silosnoe 88’ (8.9 %) and the medium-late ‘Alga’ (11.14 %).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document