scholarly journals HYGIENIC ASSESSMENT OF THE CONDITIONS OF PSYCHIATRIC MEDICAL STAFF IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIE

10.23856/4628 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-221
Author(s):  
Valentina Chorna ◽  
Larysa Furman ◽  
Monika Fiksat
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Healing Environment ◽  
Long Time ◽  
New Institutions

The article presents an analysis of the incidence of mental disorders in Ukraine and European countries, describes the WHO action plans for the mental health of the planet, and ways to overcome the incidence of mental and behavioral disorders. The complication of deinstitutionalization (reduction of psychiatric hospitals and reduction of days in them) in European countries and the creation of new institutions, conditions of stay in a nearby “therapeutic/healing environment”, which return about 90% of patients to independent living in the community. In Ukraine, the process of deinstitutionalization reduced psychiatric facilities by 34.7% but, no new premises have been building, and the old premises of psychiatric hospitals, which have been building from 1786 to 2013, were not reconstructed according to the old sanitary and hygienic requirements – the socalled “corridor system”, which did not take into account the comfort for mentally ill patients, but only stay/treatment for a long time up to 53 days (up to 33 days in the Ministry of Health) for 20 days in European countries. With an increased incidence of mental disorders in Ukraine (2015) by 9.4% compared to European countries – 3.8% of the total population, the staff decreased to 21.4% for the period 2010/2017. In Ukraine, which leads to the use of existing hospitals with their overcapacity and higher workload of health workers, and conditions for both the mentally ill and medical staff have not improved.

scholarly journals Nonsuicidal self-injury in mentally ill patients: a clinical case

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
V. V. Balabanova ◽  
N. A. Tyuvina ◽  
E. O. Voronina ◽  
E. M. Goncharova ◽  
A. A. Dmitrieva
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Medical History ◽  
Female Patient ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Self Mutilation ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Face

Nonsuicidal self-injuries (autotomy, self-inflicted destruction, self-mutilation) is a variant of autoaggression in a patient without the intent to take his/her own life. Patients with the consequences of self-injuries receive help from physicians of various specialties, who often cannot determine their motivation for autoaggressive actions, since it is associated with mental disorders. The paper presents data on phenomenology, some classifications and motivation of nonsuicidal self-injuries. Various mental disorders are noted to be the most common cause of autoaggressive behavior. The paper describes a clinical case of a female patient who has mutilated her face for a long time, hiding the cause of her autoaggressive action. A detailed clinical and psychopathological analysis of her medical history and mental status allowed for classifying hypochondriacal delirium within schizophrenia as a cause of self-mutilating actions. The motivation for this behavior was to fight against a pseudotumor, for which the patient suffered pain and prolonged suppurative processes on the skin of the face, without visiting physicians.

A Baseline Study on Mental Disorders in Guiné-Bissau

1986 ◽  
Vol 148 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joop T. V. M. de Jong ◽  
Guus A. J. de Klein ◽  
Sineke G. H. M. M. ten Horn
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Health Worker ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
General Health ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Baseline Study ◽  
Minimum Estimate

Adults attending general health facilities in Guiné-Bissau were screened for the presence of mental disorder; minimum estimate of definite mentally ill cases was found to be 12%. The proportion correctly identified by general health workers was low: only one of every three patients with a mental disorder was recognised and of every 100 non-cases 12 patients were wrongly diagnosed by the health worker as suffering from psychiatric illness. On the basis of these results health workers are now being taught how to detect mental illness.

scholarly journals Variables Associated with the Use of Coercive Measures on Psychiatric Patients in Spanish Penitentiary Centers

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Girela ◽  
A. López ◽  
L. Ortega ◽  
J. De-Juan ◽  
F. Ruiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatient ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Coercive Measure ◽  
Coercive Measures ◽  
External Assessment ◽  
Mechanical Restraint ◽  
The Family ◽  
Inpatient Units

We have studied the use of coercive medical measures (forced medication, isolation, and mechanical restraint) in mentally ill inmates within two secure psychiatric hospitals (SPH) and three regular prisons (RP) in Spain. Variables related to adopted coercive measures were analyzed, such as type of measure, causes of indication, opinion of patient inmate, opinion of medical staff, and more frequent morbidity. A total of 209 patients (108 from SPH and 101 from RP) were studied. Isolation (41.35%) was the most frequent coercive measure, followed by mechanical restraint (33.17%) and forced medication (25.48%). The type of center has some influence; specifically in RP there is less risk of isolation and restraint than in SPH. Not having had any previous imprisonment reduces isolation and restraint risk while increases the risk of forced medication, as well as previous admissions to psychiatric inpatient units does. Finally, the fact of having lived with a partner before imprisonment reduces the risk of forced medication and communication with the family decreases the risk of isolation. Patients subjected to a coercive measure exhibited a pronounced psychopathology and most of them had been subjected to such measures on previous occasions. The mere fact of external assessment of compliance with human rights slows down the incidence of coercive measures.

Riforma psichiatrica e psicoterapia sistemica. Continuitŕ, sviluppi, problemi aperti

PSICOBIETTIVO ◽  
2009 ◽  
pp. 47-64
Author(s):  
Luigi Onnis
Keyword(s):  
Public Services ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Mental Health Workers ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Psychiatric Reform ◽  
The Public ◽  
Italian Law ◽  
New Interpretation ◽  
Systemic Psychotherapy

- The Author, in this paper, first of all reconstructs the essential historical phases of the theoretical and practical renewal process which preceded and accompanied the 180 law approval, that established the psychiatric hospitals closing. He then describes the Italian psychiatric reform characteristics, underlining how it produces the emerging of needs of new interpretation and intervention methods about psychic sufference: in this perspective psychotherapy has a crucial role and the italian law in psychotherapeutic training regulation is a further support. Particularly systemic psychotherapy proposes common basic principles with regard to the psychiatric reform and can represent an useful instrument for developping innovative concepts and practices. Finally the Authors put critically in evidence the problems still unresolved, not only concerning the need of a full application of the reform law, with the creation of territorial services and structures where they are still lacking or insufficient, but, over all, promoting the diffusion into the public services of a psychotherapeutic culture and practice.Key Words: Italian Psychiatric Reform, Law 180, Systemic Psychotherapy, Psychotherapeutic Culture, Public Services, Mental Health Workers Formation.Parole chiave: riforma psichiatrica italiana, legge 180, psicoterapia sistemica, cultura psicoterapeutica, servizi pubblici, formazione degli operatori.

Childhood Mental Disorders in Primary Health Care: Results of Observations in Four Developing Countries

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 677-683
Author(s):  
R. Giel ◽  
M. V. de Arango ◽  
C. E. Climent ◽  
T. W. Harding ◽  
H. H. A. Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Research Procedure ◽  
Primary Health Care Facilities

To ascertain the frequency of mental disorders in Sudan, Philippines, India, and Colombia, 925 children attending primary health care facilities were studied. Rates of between 12% and 29% were found in the four study areas. The range of mental disorders diagnosed was similar to that encountered in industrialized countries. The research procedure involved a two-stage screening in which a ten-item "reporting questionnaire" constituted the first stage. The study has shown that mental disorders are common among children attending primary health care facilities in four developing countries and that accompanying adults (usually the mothers) readily recognize and report common psychologic and behavioral symptoms when these are solicited by means of a simple set of questions. Despite this, the primary health workers themselves recognized only between 10% and 22% of the cases of mental disorder. The results have been used to design appropriate brief training courses in childhood mental disorders for primary health workers in the countries participating in the study.

scholarly journals Impact of mental illness on in-patient hospital costs for somatic disorders and associated factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Michel ◽  
A J Hammami ◽  
K Chevreul
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Hospital Costs ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Interaction Terms

Abstract Background People suffering from mental disorders are in poorer somatic health that the general population. This is due in part to poor quality of care in primary care settings, which can in turn have a major impact on hospitals and healthcare systems, in particular in terms of costs. Our objective was to assess the economic burden of acute care admissions for somatic diseases in patients with a mental illness compared to other patients and analyse the factors associated with it. Methods An exhaustive study using French hospital discharge databases was carried out between 2009 and 2013. Total acute hospital costs were calculated from the all payer perspective (statutory health insurance, private health insurances and patient out-of pocket payments). A multivariate regression modelled the association between mental illness and hospital costs while adjusting for other explanatory variables, with and without interaction terms. Results 37,458,810 admissions were included in the analysis. 1,163,972 patients (6.54%) were identified as being mentally ill. Mean total hospital costs at five years per patient were €8,114. Costs per mentally ill patient were on average 34% higher than for a non-mentally patient (€10,637 vs. €7,949). A longitudinal analysis of costs showed a widening of the gap between the two groups as time went by, from 1.60% in 2009 to 10.51% in 2013. In the multivariate model, mental disorders were significantly associated with increased costs, and interaction terms found an increased impact of mental illness on costs in deprived patients. Conclusions Improving quality of primary care and health promotion in people with a mental illness both for their own sake and to decrease the economic burden on the healthcare system, is of vital importance. Key messages There is a significant increase in hospital costs for somatic care in patients with a mental illness compared to other patients, in particular in patients who are also deprived. It is necessary to improve primary care and health promotion in mentally ill patients, for their sake and for the sake of healthcare systems.

scholarly journals Experienced and anticipated discrimination against people with schizophrenia

Psihologija ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-130
Author(s):  
Ivona Milacic-Vidojevic ◽  
Dragana Djuric-Jocic ◽  
Oliver Toskovic
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Stigma Scale ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Cross Cultural Research ◽  
Close Relationship

Aim of this research was to describe the nature, direction and severity of anticipated and experienced discrimination reported by people with schizophrenia. We applied interview to 50 patients with diagnosis of schizophrenia in two psychiatric hospitals in Belgrade. Discrimination was measured with discrimination and stigma scale (DISC) which produce 3 subscores, positive experienced discrimination, negative experienced discrimination and anticipated discrimination. The same scale was used in cross-cultural research in 27 european countries. Results have shown that participants from Serbia do not recognize discrimination in all areas of life equally. The discrimination recognized is more frequentlly negative then positive and is associated with existentially important realms of life. Due to anticipated discrimination participants in our study prevent themselves from looking for a close relationship. Anticipated discrimination could not be predicted on the grounds of experienced, positive or negative discrimination.

scholarly journals Mental Disorders and Work Integration: A Retrospective Study in a Northern Italian Town

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Buizza ◽  
Rosaria Pioli ◽  
Sara Lecchi ◽  
Chiara Bonetto ◽  
Anna Bartoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Competitive Employment ◽  
Job Tenure ◽  
Integration Program ◽  
Work Integration ◽  
Integration Service ◽  
Observation Period

Objectives:The present study was conducted in a vocational integration service of a northern Italian town with two major aims: to assess vocational integration programs undertaken from 1stJanuary 2004 to 1stJanuary 2007; and to identify job tenure-associated predictors.Methods:This is a retrospective study; we collected data such as gender, age, duration, type and outcome of the vocational integration program, and number of interventions performed by the vocational integration service. Self-report questionnaires were also used to assess the satisfaction of users, caregivers, practitioners, and of the company contacts involved in the study.Results:The service has enrolled 84 users during the observation period. Out of these users, 64.3% of them still had their jobs after three years. Users, caregivers and company contacts expressed high levels of satisfaction for the support received by the vocational integration service. The company expressed less satisfaction for the collaboration received by the Departments of Mental Health (DMHs) that coached the users. The only variable associated to the outcome was the number of interventions that the users received before their placement on the job.Conclusions:Despite all the limits of this study, its results show that the chance of taking advantage of a supported job placement service has likely proven itself effective in helping people with mental disorders to obtain and maintain a competitive employment. Our results, however, also point to the necessity of implementing newer strategies meant to develop a greater integration among all services dealing with mentally ill people.

scholarly journals E. HUSSERLIO FENOMENOLOGINIS PROJEKTAS IRPSICHOTERAPIJOS PROBLEMOS

Problemos ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 129-140
Author(s):  
Mindaugas Briedis
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Care Practice ◽  
Phenomenological Philosophy ◽  
Critical Comparison ◽  
Scientific Approach ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Methodological Problems ◽  
The One ◽  
Mental Care ◽  
Instinctual Drive

Nors fenomenologinė filosofija jau kurį laiką daro įtaką psichoterapeutų darbo metodams, galima teigti, kad pastarieji naudojasi egzistencialistinėmis fenomenologijos traktuotėmis, o štai pirminis, dar Edmundo Husserlio inicijuotas projektas išleidžiamas iš akių. Straipsnyje kaip tik ir užsibrėžiama grįžti prie pastarojo fenomenologijos supratimo, nagrinėjant metodologines psichologijos problemas bei nužymint galimas psichoterapijos perspektyvas. Pirmoje dalyje aptariamos metodologinės ir tipologinės psichoterapijos problemos. Teigiama, kad empirinė psichoterapija neteikia galimybių iš esmės užčiuopti ego struktūros – tikrosios žmogiškojo patyrimo ir atitinkamai psichinių konfliktų erdvės. Sykiu pateikiama fenomenologinė žinojimo traktuotė, psichologinio bet transcendentalinio ego perskyra bei kitos pamatinės, psichoterapijos uždavinius reformuluojančios fenomenologijos temos. Antroje dalyje kaip viena iš galimų fenomenologijos ir psichologijos koreliacijos perspektyvų pateikiama kritinė lyginamoji Sigmundo Freudo sąmonės ir pasąmonės bei „atitinkama“ Husserlio impresinės (produktyvios) ir reproduktyvios sąmonės teorijų analizė, nepamirštant, kad Freudo psichoanalizės jokiu būdu negalima tapatinti su psichoterapija apskritai. Parodoma, kad Husserlio žodynas leidžia naujai konstruktyviai perskaityti Freudo pastabas apie instinktyvaus skatulio teorijos dėsningumus bei represavimo mechanizmą. Trečioje dalyje glaustai suformuluojamos bendros fenomenologinės hermeneutikos rekomendacijos psichoterapeutams. Straipsnyje jokiu būdu neteigiama, kad fenomenologija gali ar turi pakeisti psichoterapiją, tačiau numatoma, kad kaip ir kiekviena teorinė-praktinė disciplina, psichoterapija gali ir turi atrasti fenomenologiją kaip savo atspirties ir plėtotės tašką.Pagrindiniai žodžiai: fenomenologija, psichoterapija, psichologinis ir transcendentalinis ego, instinktyvus skatulys, psichiniai sutrikimai, reproduktyvi sąmonė.E. Husserl’s Phenomenological Project and the Problems Concerning PsychotherapyMindaugas Briedis SummaryThough phenomenological philosophy has influenced practitioners of psychotherapy for a long time, it is also true, that it was precisely existentialist approach to phenomenology that was exploited, while the whole initial project of phenomenology initiated by E. Husserl was almost forgotten. In this article I beckon to re-enter this initial understanding of phenomenology, considering methodological problems of psychology and laying down possible perspectives for psychotherapy.First part of the article deals with the methodological problems of psychotherapy while raising the thesis that empirical psychotherapy in principle cannot grasp the ego-structure, misses the true depth of the human experience, which in turn is the real sphere of mental disorders. Hand in hand goes the phenomenological critique of the scientific approach and other phenomenological issues relevant to the reformulation of the goals of psychotherapy.Second part of the article is dedicated to the one of many possible perspectives stemming from the correlation between phenomenology and psychotherapy, i.e. critical comparison of S. Freud’s consciousness and unconsciousness and “corresponding” theory of impressional (productive) and reproductive consciousness presented by Husserl. It is indicated that Husserl’s approach enables new and constructive reading of Freud’s theory of instinctual drive while keeping in mind, that Freud’s psychoanalysis cannot be identified with psychotherapy in general. However, the final part of the article suggests some methodological advices for mental care practice from the perspective of phenomenological hermeneutics.Keywords: phenomenology, psychotherapy, psychological and transcendental ego, instinctive drive, mental disorders, reproductive consciousness.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document