scholarly journals Optimasi Metode 1H-NMR Profiling pada Rimpang Kunyit (Curcuma domestica)

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-113
Author(s):  
Caroline Dwiseptianti ◽  
Febri Adi Susanto ◽  
Yekti Asih Purwestri ◽  
Tri Rini Nuringtyas
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
1H Nmr ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Natural Medicine

The use of medicinal plants is increasing due to the lack of side effects caused and the number of bioactive compounds that cannot be represented by synthetic chemical synthesis compounds. However, the management and use of natural medicines for the main handling of diseases are often hampered by the quality of the ingredients which are low and unstable. The standardized quality control system of OAI (Indonesian Natural Medicine) is the main key to improve clinical assurance and safety of the use of herbal medicines in Indonesia. One of the medicinal plants known to the public is Curcuma longa L. (turmeric). The main active components contained in turmeric are curcumin, demetoksikurkumin, bis-demetoksikurkumin, and ar-turmeron. Information about the quality of turmeric is needed in its use as a raw material for drugs so we need an analytical technique that is able to identify the diversity of metabolite profiles of active compounds. In this research, an optimization method is used to improve efficiency in the extraction of turmeric rhizome metabolites so that the best solvent concentration is known for the analysis of fingerprinting secondary metabolites with 1H-NMR 500 MHz spectroscopy in turmeric rhizomes. The results were analyzed with MNOVA software and chemical shift obtained compared with the reference. From the results obtained a concentration of methanol-d4 (CD3OD) 100% able to extract curcumin better than other solvents. The solvent is able to extract saccharide (sugar) compounds in the form of sucrose, amino acids and fatty acids in the form of methionine, glutamine, acetate, and glycero phospho choline.

Antiviral and Immunity-modulating Natural Herbs in the Prevention of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 81-94
Author(s):  
Sonali S Gadge
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Antiviral Drug ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Echinacea Purpurea ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Tinospora Cordifolia ◽  
Ocimum Sanctum

The COVID-19 has spread all over the world and there is no single drug or medicine for the prevention and the treatment of this deadly disease. One can get prevention from this disease by boosting the immune system. Persons with weak immune system e.g. children, elder patients or patients with preexisting diseases affect rapidly due to coronavirus. This novel coronavirus attacks mainly on the person immunity. For the centuries the herbal medicinal plants have many beneficial effects against deadly viruses. Herbal medicines provide a rich resource for new antiviral drug development. These natural agents interact with the life cycle of virus such as virus entry, replication, assembly and release. In this review, the importance, immunomodulator, antiviral and pharmacological activities of some medicinal plants, namely, Allium Sativum, Zingiber Officinalis, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Curcuma longa, Ocimum sanctum, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Ginseng, Black pepper, Emblica officinalis, Withania somnifera, Tinospora cordifolia, Echinacea purpurea, Azadirachta indica, Piper betel, Eugenia caryophyllata, Cinchona calisaya, Nigella sativa, Cuminum cyminum are highlighted. These medicinal plants have many phytoconstituents like alkaloids, glycosides, terpenoids, flavonoids, lactones, polysaccharides, volatile oils, tannins, resins, etc which are helpful for boosting immunity and will help in the prevention and in the management of COVID-19. Several types of research attempted to use herbal medicines against COVID-19.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KANDUNGAN SAPONIN PADA DAUN DAN TANGKAI DAUN Carica pubescens Lenne & K. Koch

el–Hayah ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eko Budi Minarno
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
The Body ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Ring Test ◽  
Tropical Species ◽  
Color Test ◽  
Natural Medicine ◽  
Chemical Content ◽  
Carica Pubescens

<p><em>Carica pubescens Lenne &amp; K. Koch is a tropical species that adapt to the plateau environment and low temperatures. In East Java, the plant is found in Cangar and Bromo region. Morphological, chemical content, and analysis of protein banding pattern on C. pubescens has been done, but more on the analysis of active compounds for pharmaceutical raw materials and its accumulation in the body of the plant has not been widely studied. Saponins on C. pubescens potential as a raw material of natural medicine in the treatment of Diabetes Mellitus (DM). This study aims to determine the content of saponin in leaf and petiole of C. pubescens in terms of absorbance values. Saponins were analyzed by qualitative form the foam test, color test, Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) analytical and preparative. Quantitative test in the form of UV-Vis spectrophotometry results preparative TLC. This research was done at the Laboratory of Department of Biology and Chemistry UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. The results showed that the leaf and petiole of C. pubescens positive for the saponins with the formation of stable foam for 60 seconds at 1.5 cm - 1.7 cm. The third positive samples containing saponins triterpene the ring test produces a brownish color. Isolation saponin by TLC shows the best ratio of eluent chloroform: methanol: water (14: 6: 1) compounds can be separated perfectly. Saponin absorbance values obtained three samples as follows: petiole samples from the region Cangar amounted to 0.852, leaf samples from the region Cangar amounted to 0.686, and leaf samples from Bromo region amounted to 0,629. The highest saponins found in organs petiole. Thus the petiole of C. pubescens has the potential to be used as a source of triterpene saponins which can be developed into a commercial herbal medicines.</em></p>

scholarly journals Optimization Method for Guillotine Packing of Rectangular Items within an Irregular and Defective Slate

Mathematics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1914
Author(s):  
Kaizhi Chen ◽  
Jiahao Zhuang ◽  
Shangping Zhong ◽  
Song Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Computational Geometry ◽  
Packing Problem ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Packing Problems ◽  
Permutation Model ◽  
Feasible Solutions ◽  
Packing Method ◽  
Better Than

Research on the rectangle packing problems has mainly focused on rectangular raw material sheets without defects, while natural slate has irregular and defective characteristics, and the existing packing method adopts manual packing, which wastes material and is inefficient. In this work, we propose an effective packing optimization method for nature slate; to the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to solve the guillotine packing problem of rectangular items in a single irregular and defective slate. This method is modeled by the permutation model, uses the horizontal level (HL) heuristic proposed in this paper to obtain feasible solutions, and then applies the genetic algorithm to optimize the quality of solutions further. The HL heuristic is constructed on the basis of computational geometry and level packing. This heuristic aims to divide the irregular plate into multiple subplates horizontally, calculates the movable positions of the rectangle in the subplates, determines whether or not the rectangle can be packed in the movable positions through computational geometry, and fills the scraps appropriately. Theoretical analysis confirms that the rectangles obtained through the HL heuristic are inside the plate and do not overlap with the defects. In addition, the packed rectangles do not overlap each other and satisfy the guillotine constraint. Accordingly, the packing problem can be solved. Experiments on irregular slates with defects show that the slate utilization through our method is between 89% and 95%. This result is better than manual packing and can satisfy actual production requirements.

Plant-derived medicines for neuropathies: a comprehensive review of clinical evidence

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 671-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farnaz Ebrahimi ◽  
Mohammad Hosein Farzaei ◽  
Roodabeh Bahramsoltani ◽  
Mojtaba Heydari ◽  
Kiana Naderinia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Congenital Diseases ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Long Time

AbstractNeuropathy is defined as the damage to the peripheral or central nervous system accompanied by pain, numbness, or muscle weakness, which can be due to congenital diseases or environmental factors such as diabetes, trauma, or viral infections. As current treatments are not sufficiently able to control the disease, studies focusing on the identification and discovery of new therapeutic agents are necessary. Natural products have been used for a long time for the management of different neurological problems including neuropathies. The aim of the present study is to review the current clinical data on the beneficial effects of medicinal plants in neuropathy. Electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library were searched with the keywords ‘neuropathy’ in the title/abstract and ‘plant’ or ‘extract’ or ‘herb’ in the whole text from inception until August 2017. From a total of 3679 papers, 22 studies were finally included. Medicinal plants were evaluated clinically in several types of neuropathy, including diabetic neuropathy, chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, carpal tunnel syndrome, and HIV-associated neuropathy. Some studies reported the improvement in pain, nerve function, nerve conduction velocity, and quality of life.Cannabis sativa(hemp),Linum usitatissimum(linseed oil), capsaicin, and a polyherbal Japanese formulation called Goshajinkigan had the most evidence regarding their clinical efficacy. Other investigated herbal medicines in neuropathy, such asMatricaria chamomilla(chamomile),Curcuma longa(turmeric), andCitrullus colocynthis(colocynth), had only one clinical trial. Thus, future studies are necessary to confirm the safety and efficacy of such natural medicines as a complementary or alternative treatment for neuropathy.

scholarly journals Study of the genus Curcuma in Indonesia used as traditional herbal medicines

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
DYAH SUBOSITI ◽  
SLAMET WAHYONO
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Local Knowledge ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Use Value

Abstract. Subositi D, Wahyono S. 2019. Study of the genus Curcuma in Indonesia used as traditional herbal medicines. Biodiversitas 20: 1356-1361. Research into local knowledge is very important in providing a database of medicinal plants and as a basis for further research. The genus Curcuma (Zingiberaceae) has been used as medicines and other purposes, so it has a high economic value.  The aim of this study was to record the use of the species of the genus Curcuma as traditional herbal medicines in Indonesia. The study was a part of a project called RISTOJA (Research on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Herbal Medicines), which collected data from 415 ethnic groups in Indonesia from 2012 to 2017. A purposive sampling method was used to select 2,354 respondents (traditional healers) for interviews, 1,042 of whom used Curcuma as herbal medicines. It was found that eight species of the genus were used to treat 73 different ailments. Curcuma longa was found to have the highest relative frequency of citation (0.274) and use value (0.563), and members of the genus Curcuma were found to be extensively used to treat a wide variety of ailments in Indonesia.

scholarly journals Medicinal and Aromatic plants: “Natural bio-chemicals and medicine factories”

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 691-698
Author(s):  
Vandana ◽  
Rajesh Lather ◽  
Sridevi Tallapragada ◽  
Gurnam Singh
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
World Health ◽  
World Population ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Aromatic Plants ◽  
Medicinal And Aromatic Plants ◽  
The World

Since thousands years back approximately around 900 BC, medicinal plants are considered as a source of many biomolecules with therapeutic potential. Herbal medicines are considered as safer, better, physiologically compatible and costeffective. The oldest evidence of medicinal and aromatic plants depicts that with the emergence of human civilization, plants have been considered as the main source to heal and cure various serious ailments. It has been proven that the secondary metabolites e.g. alkaloid, glycosides, flavonoides, steroids etc present in the medicinal plants possesses ability to prevent occurrence of some of the diseases, means medicinal plants acts as a “preventive medicine”. Medicinal plants have a paramount importance and a great interest due to its pharmaceutical, cosmetic and nutritional values. Some plants are also considered as an important source of nutrition and are known to have a variety of compounds with potential therapeutic properties. India is the principal repository of large number of medicinal and aromatic plants or we can say India is one of the rich mega-biodiversity countries of the world. Medicinal plants are “backbone” of traditional medicinal system (TMS). Crude drugs are usually dried parts of medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) such as roots, stems, wood, bark, seeds, fruits, flowers, leaves, rhizomes, whole plant etc. that form the essential raw material for the production of medicines in various systems of Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani, Tibatian, Tribal and Homeopathy. According to the survey of the World Health Organization (WHO), about 80% of the world population are using herbs and other traditional medicines for their primary healthcare and have established three kinds of herbal medicines: raw plant material, processed plant material, and herbal products. Now days, variety of available herbs are used throughout the world and they continue to promote good health. As the benefits from medicinal and aromatic plants are recognized, these plants will have a special role for humans in the future. The present review on medicinal and aromatic plants revealed similar combination of studies.

scholarly journals Neuropathic Pain: Biomolecular Intervention and Imaging via Targeting Microglia Activation

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1343
Author(s):  
Aijun Ji ◽  
Jinbin Xu
Keyword(s):  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Molecular Imaging ◽  
Functional Imaging ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Accompanying Symptoms

Many diseases, including cancer, can lead to neuropathic pain (NP). NP is one of the accompanying symptoms of suffering in many conditions and the life quality of NP patient is seriously affected. Due to complex causes, the effects of clinical treatments have been very unsatisfactory. Many experts have found that neuron-microglia interaction plays an essential role in NP occurrence and development. Therefore, the activation of microglia, related inflammatory mediators and molecular and cellular signaling pathways have become the focus of NP research. With the help of modern functional imaging technology, advanced pre-and clinical studies have been carried out and NP interventions have been attempted by using the different pharmaceuticals and the extracted active components of various traditional herbal medicines. In this communication, we review the mechanism of microglia on NP formation and treatment and molecular imaging technology’s role in the clinical diagnosis and evaluation of NP therapies.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF THE ENERGY PROCESS ON THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF PLANT RAW MATERIAL OB-TAINED FROM LEAVES OF THE ASPEN OF THE GENERAL

2018 ◽  
pp. 251-259
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Viktorovna Nekhorosheva ◽  
Sergey Viktorovich Nekhoroshev ◽  
Aleksey Anatol'yevich Drenin ◽  
Erkin Hozhiakbirovich Botirov ◽  
Nikolay Viktorovich Gornikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Comparative Characteristic ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Extractive Substances ◽  
Vegetable Raw Materials ◽  
Analytical Approaches

The analysis of the chemical composition of the vegetable raw materials received from leaves of an aspen ordinary, family plants Willow (Salicaceae), growing in the territory of the Khanty-Mansi autonomous district Yugra is provided in article. The choice of raw materials is caused by a large supply and fast reproducibility of a raw resource. In work numerical indicators and indicators of high quality of raw materials are established (humidity, the general ashes, sulphatic ashes, ashes not soluble in 10% to hydrochloric acid, extractive substances). The way of extraction of vegetable raw materials is reasonable, the comparative characteristic of content of extractive substances is provided in the received extracts. It is shown that the average content of extractive substances in native samples is 27.9%, the content of polysaccharides – 10.9%. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of biologically active agents is carried out by method of a highly effective liquid chromatography. The dominating components in samples of the plants growing in the territory of one land plot are салицин 510 mg of %, гиперозид 170 mg of %, routines of 210 mg of %. Influence of process of fermentation on the chemical composition of the vegetable raw materials received from leaves of an aspen ordinary is studied. The greatest exit of phenolic connections at impact on vegetable raw materials of fermentation is established by cold. The positive effect of impact of fermentation by crushing on quantity of the identified biologically active components is defined. Work was carried out for assessment of phytochemical parameters of quality of vegetable raw materials and formation of justification of analytical approaches to diagnostics of vegetable raw materials of the explored territory.

scholarly journals Fungi colonizing and damaging different parts of some medicinal plants

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Wielgusz ◽  
Katarzyna Seidler-Łożykowska
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Infected Plant ◽  
Severe Infection ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Lemon Balm ◽  
Golovinomyces Cichoracearum

Summary Introduction: Many fungal species infect medicinal plants during their cultivation, causing great damage to the yield and decreasing the quality of raw material. Objective: Due to the increase in contamination of raw material and the damage caused by pathogenic fungi, the main species of medicinal plants cultivated in Poland were subject to the investigation. Methods: In 2012–2014, an experiment was conducted on eight medicinal plant species breeding nurseries grown in the field in Plewiska. The following species and cultivars were investigated: lemon balm, peppermint, St. John’s wort cv. ‘Topaz’, lovage cv. ‘Amor’, valerian cv. ‘Polka’, caraway cv. ‘Kończewicki’, sweet basil cv. ‘Wala’, marjoram cv. ‘Miraż’. Results: Fourteen species of eleven genera of pathogenic fungi were isolated from the investigated medicinal plants: Fusarium avenaceum, F. culmorum, F. equiseti, F. oxysporum, Botrytis cinerea, Alternaria alternata, Cladosporium sp., Rhizoctonia solani, Septoria sp., Boeremia exiqua, Golovinomyces cichoracearum, Penicillium sp., Ramularia sp., and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. The most severe infection was caused by Fusarium sp. and Botrytis cinerea. Also Cladosporium sp. (4 species), A. alternata and Septoria sp. (3 species) infected plant tissue. Leaves and stems were the most infected parts of the tested plants. Lemon balm, lovage and valerian were the most infected species, while marjoram was infected only with Fusarium sp.

scholarly journals Harvesting of Medicinal Plants in the Forest of Central India and its Impact on Quality of Raw Materials: A Case of Nagpur District, India

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manish Mishra ◽  
P. C. Kotwal ◽  
Chandan Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Central India ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Market Sample ◽  
Safed Musli

Adulteration and substitutions are frequent in raw material trade of medicinal plants. Several studies have been done for a number of important crude drug materials to distinguish the genuine material from adulterant. The efficient way to determine adulteration is through morphological and organoleptic studies. The objective of this study is to find out current harvesting methods, malpractices adopted by various stakeholders and ocular analysis of market samples, impacting quality of raw (dry) produce of selected species in market of Nagpur. In the natural forests Baibirang (Embelia ribes Burm.), Safed musli (mixed tubers of Chlorophytum borivilianum Baker, C. tuberosum Baker.), and Aonla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.) were collected just after the rains at unripe stage. The ocular observations of the market sample of Aonla, Baibirang fruits, Safed musli tubers indicate that mixing of old and diseased parts of same species and other adulterants is rampant in the local market. Laboratory analysis shows that in one kilogram of market sample, more than 20% raw material was found adulterated in all the selected species except Bach (Acorus calamus L.). Most of the selected plants were found adulterated, both intentionally and unintentionally. Major reasons for poor quality are unripe harvesting, mixing of inferior and cheap plant parts, mis-identification of species, non-availability of plant parts in required quantity, etc. Key words: Adulteration, quality, medicinal plants, harvesting, malpractices.  DOI: 10.3126/eco.v16i0.3471ECOPRINT 16: 35-42, 2009

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