Designing a Traceability System for Rice Distribution Process Using QR Code Bassed Android Application at Perum Bulog Subdivre III Surakarta

The state-owned Enterprises (SEO) that manages businesses in the food sector, especially rice is Perum Bulog. However, there were often reports from public about quality of Perum Bulog's rice. Such as the rice had contaminated with gravel or plastic and did not match with premium rice standard. Moreover, The distribution process of premium rice to outlet (RPK) found uncertainty over the arrival time of orders. It caused out of stock and lost sales at the outlet. This paper introduces a q traceability system rice distribution process based on Android with QR Code technology. Furthermore, this paper discusses the system architecture and the development of traceability system design using the company's business process data flow diagram. The developed prototype system shows the functional requirements of the system and can be used by stakeholders to monitor the production process and assist the decision-making process.

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Development of a Smart Traceability System for the Rice Agroindustry Supply Chain in Indonesia

Information ◽

10.3390/info10100288 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 288 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Purwandoko ◽

Seminar ◽

Sutrisno ◽

Sugiyanta

Keyword(s):

Supply Chain ◽

Production Process ◽

System Development ◽

Product Distribution ◽

Flow Diagram ◽

Prototype System ◽

Functional Requirements ◽

Traceability System ◽

Development Life Cycle ◽

Food Commodity

Rice is an essential food commodity in national and food security in Indonesia with a complex supply chain network. Various risks related to food quality and food safety occurs along the supply chain. Therefore, a tool is needed to monitor the rice production process from upstream to downstream (land-to-table) by implementing a traceability system to promote food transparency. In this system, all actors must be responsible for ensuring the quality and safety of products through various handling processes carried out from cultivation to product distribution. This paper aimed to develop a smart IT (Information Technology)-based traceability system in the rice supply chain using the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC). The actors involved in the rice supply chain consist of farmers, processing industries, distributors, bulogs, and retailers. Furthermore, this paper discussed the system architecture and the development of traceability system design using a data flow diagram (DFD). The developed prototype system shows the functional requirements of the system and can be used by stakeholders to monitor the production process and assist the decision-making process.

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An Anti-Counterfeiting Architecture for Traceability System Based on Modified Two-Level Quick Response Codes

Electronics ◽

10.3390/electronics10030320 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 320

Author(s):

Shundao Xie ◽

Hong-Zhou Tan

Keyword(s):

Product Life Cycle ◽

Low Cost ◽

Prototype System ◽

Qr Code ◽

Quick Response ◽

Copy Detection ◽

Traceability System ◽

Scanned Image ◽

Promising Solution ◽

Product Package

Traceability is considered a promising solution for product safety. However, the data in the traceability system is only a claim rather than a fact. Therefore, the quality and safety of the product cannot be guaranteed since we cannot ensure the authenticity of products (aka counterfeit detection) in the real world. In this paper, we focus on counterfeit detection for the traceability system. The risk of counterfeiting throughout a typical product life cycle in the supply chain is analyzed, and the corresponding requirements for the tags, packages, and traceability system are given to eliminate these risks. Based on the analysis, an anti-counterfeiting architecture for traceability system based on two-level quick response codes (2LQR codes) is proposed, where the problem of counterfeit detection for a product is transformed into the problem of copy detection for the 2LQR code tag. According to the characteristics of the traceability system, the generation progress of the 2LQR code is modified, and there is a corresponding improved algorithm to estimate the actual location of patterns in the scanned image of the modified 2LQR code tag to improve the performance of copy detection. A prototype system based on the proposed architecture is implemented, where the consumers can perform traceability information queries by scanning the 2LQR code on the product package with any QR code reader. They can also scan the 2LQR code with a home-scanner or office-scanner, and send the scanned image to the system to perform counterfeit detection. Compared with other anti-counterfeiting solutions, the proposed architecture has advantages of low cost, generality, and good performance. Therefore, it is a promising solution to replace the existing anti-counterfeiting system.

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Stencil control in the automatic insertion of a PIM Company

International Journal for Innovation Education and Research ◽

10.31686/ijier.vol8.iss10.2697 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (10) ◽

pp. 417-440

Author(s):

Cláudio César Vasconcelos Barros ◽

Jonas Gomes da Silva

Keyword(s):

Qr Code ◽

Process Data ◽

Bar Code ◽

Ishikawa Diagram ◽

Manufactured Products ◽

Quality Tools ◽

A Company ◽

Computerized System

The article evaluated the control of Stencil in the subprocess of Printing of the SMD line of a company located in the Industrial Pole of Manaus (PIM), to provide subsidies to develop a computerized system. With computerization, the focus of employees will be directed to the activities of production and quality of manufactured products, also, the collection of process data, done in real-time, will allow managers to better monitor and take actions in the process. To this end, a case study, bibliographic research of articles, dissertations, and theses involving the theme, and documentary research (forms, records, etc.) with the sectors involved were used. The descriptive statistics method was applied, quality tools were used, aimed at identifying and solving problems such as PDCA, Pareto, Ishikawa Diagram, flow chart, and 5W2H. A study of the activities related to the control of the Stencil was carried out, of the documentation used in the process, as well as of the factors and causes related to the effective Stencil control. Among the results, 24 causes affect the performance of the Stencil control, concluding that the main failures were human, due to the prioritization of production goals by the employees, leaving the other activities in the background, which is why the 24 guidelines proposed for the computerization of this process become relevant, some of which are: defining means to identify each Stencil using a bar code or QR code; do not allow the use of the Stencil if one of the activities unfinished in the process; stop production when an activity is not performed; digitize the documents used in this process; create an automatic notification to those responsible, when an action is necessary, etc.

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Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning Methods for Non-Intrusive Indoor Occupancy Detection and Estimation

10.21203/rs.3.rs-713776/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Muhammad S. Aliero ◽

Muhammad F. Pasha ◽

Adel N. Toosi ◽

Imran Ghani ◽

Ali S. Sadiq ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Machine Learning ◽

Training Dataset ◽

Living Room ◽

Prototype System ◽

Building Energy Efficiency ◽

Process Data ◽

Occupancy Detection ◽

Model Training ◽

Active Research

Abstract Occupancy-driven application research has been active research for a decade that focuses on improving or replacing new building infrastructure to improve building energy efficiency. Existing approaches for HVAC energy saving are putting more emphasis on occupancy detection, estimation, and localization to trade-off between energy consumption and thermal comfort satisfaction. In a non-intrusive approach, various sensors, actuators, and analytic data methods are commonly used to process data from occupant surroundings and trigger appropriate action to achieve the task. However, the performance of the non-intrusive approach reported in the literature is relatively poor due to the lack of quality of dataset used in model training and expropriate choice of machine learning model. This study proposed a non-intrusive approach that to improve the collection and quality of dataset using data pre-processing. The study collected a training dataset using various sensors installed in the building and developed a model using five machine learning models to determine occupant’s presence and estimate their number in the building. The proposed solution is tested in the living room with a prototype system integrated with various sensors designed to obtain occupant surrounding environmental datasets. The model’s prediction results obtained indicate that it is possible for the proposed solution to obtain data, process, and predict the occupant number with high accuracy (73.6 -99.7% using random forest).

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ART-UP: A Novel Method for Generating Scanning-Robust Aesthetic QR Codes

ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing Communications and Applications ◽

10.1145/3418214 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 1-23

Author(s):

Mingliang Xu ◽

Qingfeng Li ◽

Jianwei Niu ◽

Hao Su ◽

Xiting Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

State Of The Art ◽

Visual Quality ◽

Qr Code ◽

Quick Response ◽

Estimation Model ◽

Qr Codes ◽

Excellent Performance ◽

Novel Method ◽

Coarse To Fine

Quick response (QR) codes are usually scanned in different environments, so they must be robust to variations in illumination, scale, coverage, and camera angles. Aesthetic QR codes improve the visual quality, but subtle changes in their appearance may cause scanning failure. In this article, a new method to generate scanning-robust aesthetic QR codes is proposed, which is based on a module-based scanning probability estimation model that can effectively balance the tradeoff between visual quality and scanning robustness. Our method locally adjusts the luminance of each module by estimating the probability of successful sampling. The approach adopts the hierarchical, coarse-to-fine strategy to enhance the visual quality of aesthetic QR codes, which sequentially generate the following three codes: a binary aesthetic QR code, a grayscale aesthetic QR code, and the final color aesthetic QR code. Our approach also can be used to create QR codes with different visual styles by adjusting some initialization parameters. User surveys and decoding experiments were adopted for evaluating our method compared with state-of-the-art algorithms, which indicates that the proposed approach has excellent performance in terms of both visual quality and scanning robustness.

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Are Multi-Language Design Smells Fault-Prone? An Empirical Study

ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology ◽

10.1145/3432690 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 1-56

Author(s):

Mouna Abidi ◽

Md Saidur Rahman ◽

Moses Openja ◽

Foutse Khomh

Keyword(s):

Programming Languages ◽

Language Design ◽

Functional Requirements ◽

Code Smells ◽

Design And Implementation ◽

Design Smells ◽

The Cost ◽

The Impact ◽

Fault Proneness

Nowadays, modern applications are developed using components written in different programming languages and technologies. The cost benefits of reuse and the advantages of each programming language are two main incentives behind the proliferation of such systems. However, as the number of languages increases, so do the challenges related to the development and maintenance of these systems. In such situations, developers may introduce design smells (i.e., anti-patterns and code smells) which are symptoms of poor design and implementation choices. Design smells are defined as poor design and coding choices that can negatively impact the quality of a software program despite satisfying functional requirements. Studies on mono-language systems suggest that the presence of design smells may indicate a higher risk of future bugs and affects code comprehension, thus making systems harder to maintain. However, the impact of multi-language design smells on software quality such as fault-proneness is yet to be investigated. In this article, we present an approach to detect multi-language design smells in the context of JNI systems. We then investigate the prevalence of those design smells and their impacts on fault-proneness. Specifically, we detect 15 design smells in 98 releases of 9 open-source JNI projects. Our results show that the design smells are prevalent in the selected projects and persist throughout the releases of the systems. We observe that, in the analyzed systems, 33.95% of the files involving communications between Java and C/C++ contain occurrences of multi-language design smells. Some kinds of smells are more prevalent than others, e.g., Unused Parameters , Too Much Scattering , and Unused Method Declaration . Our results suggest that files with multi-language design smells can often be more associated with bugs than files without these smells, and that specific smells are more correlated to fault-proneness than others. From analyzing fault-inducing commit messages, we also extracted activities that are more likely to introduce bugs in smelly files. We believe that our findings are important for practitioners as it can help them prioritize design smells during the maintenance of multi-language systems.

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SISTEM INFORMASI INVENTORY BARANG (SI RIANG) PADA PT SANGHIANG PERKASA

Jurnal Interkom ◽

10.35969/interkom.v15i4.123 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 10-23

Author(s):

Eka Chandra Ramdhani ◽

Juniarti Eka Safitri ◽

Selamat Abdurrahman Fahmi ◽

Asep Asep

Keyword(s):

System Analysis ◽

System Development ◽

Inventory System ◽

Inventory Systems ◽

Coding System ◽

Process Data ◽

Analysis And Design ◽

Analysis System ◽

Software Requirements Analysis

The inventory system is a system that has a very important role in a company. Inventory systems have been widely used or developed in a place with various technologies and systems. Problems at PT. Sanghiang Perkasa is due to the fact that the data has not been stored in a good file and the management and processing of inventory data is still processed in a conventional way, which has a very significant effect on the quality of the data and information produced. The main objective of this research is to produce an inventory system that is powerful and in accordance with the needs of the users associated with the inventory system. The system development method in this inventory system uses the waterfall method which consists of six stages. The stages are System Analysis and Design, software requirements analysis, system design, coding, system testing and maintenance. This system was built using the PHP programming language, DataBase MySQL. It is hoped that with the implementation of this inventory system at PT. Sanghiang Perkasa can make it easier to store and process data and information such as stock-taking data, information on incoming and outgoing goods transactions, purchase and sales return data, managing customer and supplier data to making product stock reports and assembly reports. Keywords: Information System; Inventory, Web

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A Non-Intrusive Approach for Indoor Occupancy Detection in Smart Environments

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s18113953 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (11) ◽

pp. 3953 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Bruno Abade ◽

David Perez Abreu ◽

Marilia Curado

Keyword(s):

Machine Learning ◽

Environmental Data ◽

Machine Learning Techniques ◽

Smart Environments ◽

Prototype System ◽

Indoor Environments ◽

Process Data ◽

Indoor Space ◽

Occupancy Detection ◽

Real Scenario

Smart Environments try to adapt their conditions focusing on the detection, localisation, and identification of people to improve their comfort. It is common to use different sensors, actuators, and analytic techniques in this kind of environments to process data from the surroundings and actuate accordingly. In this research, a solution to improve the user’s experience in Smart Environments based on information obtained from indoor areas, following a non-intrusive approach, is proposed. We used Machine Learning techniques to determine occupants and estimate the number of persons in a specific indoor space. The solution proposed was tested in a real scenario using a prototype system, integrated by nodes and sensors, specifically designed and developed to gather the environmental data of interest. The results obtained demonstrate that with the developed system it is possible to obtain, process, and store environmental information. Additionally, the analysis performed over the gathered data using Machine Learning and pattern recognition mechanisms shows that it is possible to determine the occupancy of indoor environments.

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Minimal versus specialist equipment in the delivery of pulmonary rehabilitation: protocol for a non-inferiority randomised controlled trial

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047524 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. e047524

Author(s):

Claire M Nolan ◽

Jessica A Walsh ◽

Suhani Patel ◽

Ruth E Barker ◽

Oliver Polgar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Lung Disease ◽

Exercise Capacity ◽

Chronic Lung Disease ◽

Pulmonary Rehabilitation ◽

Randomised Trial ◽

Global Rating ◽

Process Data ◽

Exercise Equipment

IntroductionPulmonary rehabilitation (PR), an exercise and education programme for people with chronic lung disease, aims to improve exercise capacity, breathlessness and quality of life. Most evidence to support PR is from trials that use specialist exercise equipment, for example, treadmills (PR-gym). However, a significant proportion of programmes do not have access to specialist equipment with training completed with minimal exercise equipment (PR-min). There is a paucity of robust literature examining the efficacy of supervised, centre-based PR-min. We aim to determine whether an 8-week supervised, centre-based PR-min programme is non-inferior to a standard 8-week supervised, centre-based PR-gym programme in terms of exercise capacity and health outcomes for patients with chronic lung disease.Methods and analysisParallel, two-group, assessor-blinded and statistician-blinded, non-inferiority randomised trial. 436 participants will be randomised using minimisation at the individual level with a 1:1 allocation to PR-min (intervention) or PR-gym (control). Assessment will take place pre-PR (visit 1), post-PR (visit 2) and 12 months following visit 1 (visit 3). Exercise capacity (incremental shuttle walk test), dyspnoea (Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire (CRQ)-Dyspnoea), health-related quality of life (CRQ), frailty (Short Physical Performance Battery), muscle strength (isometric quadriceps maximum voluntary contraction), patient satisfaction (Global Rating of Change Questionnaire), health economic as well as safety and trial process data will be measured. The primary outcome is change in exercise capacity between visit 1 and visit 2. Two sample t-tests on an intention to treat basis will be used to estimate the difference in mean primary and secondary outcomes between patients randomised to PR-gym and PR-min.Ethics and disseminationLondon-Camden and Kings Cross Research Ethics Committee and Health Research Authority have approved the study (18/LO/0315). Results will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals, presented at international conferences, disseminated through social media, patient and public routes and directly shared with stakeholders.Trial registration numberISRCTN16196765.

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A Containerized Approach for Allocating Distributed Stream Queries to Fog Nodes

10.36227/techrxiv.14151650.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hamed Hasibi ◽

Saeed Sedighian Kashi

Keyword(s):

Fog Computing ◽

Stream Processing ◽

Stream Data ◽

Process Data ◽

Stream Query Processing ◽

Tremendous Amount ◽

Stream Processing Engines ◽

Iot Devices ◽

Distributed Stream Processing

Fog computing brings cloud capabilities closer to the Internet of Things (IoT) devices. IoT devices generate a tremendous amount of stream data towards the cloud via hierarchical fog nodes. To process data streams, many Stream Processing Engines (SPEs) have been developed. Without the fog layer, the stream query processing executes on the cloud, which forwards much traffic toward the cloud. When a hierarchical fog layer is available, a complex query can be divided into simple queries to run on fog nodes by using distributed stream processing. In this paper, we propose an approach to assign stream queries to fog nodes using container technology. We name this approach Stream Queries Placement in Fog (SQPF). Our goal is to minimize end-to-end delay to achieve a better quality of service. At first, in the emulation step, we make docker container instances from SPEs and evaluate their processing delay and throughput under different resource configurations and queries with varying input rates. Then in the placement step, we assign queries among fog nodes by using a genetic algorithm. The practical approach used in SQPF achieves a near-the-best assignment based on the lowest application deadline in real scenarios, and evaluation results are evidence of this goal.

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