Indian Dermoscopic Study of One Thirty Eight Cases of Alopecia Areata

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahul Kumar Sharma, Divya Sharma, Rajendra Kumar Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Alopecia Areata ◽  
Smart Phone ◽  
Cotton Wool ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Dermatology Clinic ◽  
Exclamation Mark ◽  
Single Feature ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Vellus Hairs ◽  
Difficult Cases

Alopecia areata (AA) is a type of non-scarring alopecia first described by Cornelius Celsus, characterized by hair loss without any clinical inflammatory signs and affecting both males and females equally. The activity of AA is by the presence of black dots, broken hair, and tapering, furthermore black dots and yellow dots are equated to severity of AA. Aim - To study dermoscopic features of untreated cases of alopecia areata. Study subjects-All the patients who attended the dermatology clinic from March 2015 to March 2017 with the clinical diagnosis of alopecia areata and who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Study period - Two year (from March 2015 to March 2017). Methodology - All the patients who attended the dermatology clinic from March 2015 to March 2017 with the diagnosis of alopecia areata and who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited for the study. Trichoscopy was performed with DL4 dermatoscope. The images were further magnified with smart phone. Results - We got various dermoscopic signs in different combinations in our study. Yellow dots were seen in 10 cases, White dots in cotton wool pattern were seen in 3 cases, Black dots were seen in 25 cases, Dermoscopic coudability sign was demonstrated in 38 cases, Pigtail hairs were present in 2 cases, five cases showed short vellus hairs, Short broken hairs were found in 18 cases, Exclamation mark hairs were very common and were detected in 131 patients out of 138. Discussion - Single feature is not leading to the diagnosis so we should use combination of features which will help in difficult cases like AA incognito. Dermatoscope is an indispensible valuable tool in trichology practice which helps in prognosticating and making early diagnosis of AA. It also helps to differentiate it from trichotillomania and other causes of alopecia. In our study the incidence of AA was almost similar in both sexes. Our study revealed that exclamation mark hair is very common and sensitive dermoscopic marker of AA.

scholarly journals Different Trichoscopic Features of Tinea Capitis and Alopecia Areata in Pediatric Patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abd-Elaziz El-Taweel ◽  
Fatma El-Esawy ◽  
Osama Abdel-Salam
Keyword(s):  
Hair Loss ◽  
Alopecia Areata ◽  
Tinea Capitis ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Fungal Culture ◽  
Exclamation Mark ◽  
Laboratory Investigations ◽  
Vellus Hairs ◽  
Clinical Dermatology

Background. Diagnosis of patchy hair loss in pediatric patients is often a matter of considerable debate among dermatologists. Trichoscopy is a rapid and noninvasive tool to detect more details of patchy hair loss. Like clinical dermatology, trichoscopy works parallel to the skin surface and perpendicular to the histological plane; like the histopathology, it thus allows the viewing of structures not discovered by the naked eye.Objective. Aiming to compare the different trichoscopic features of tinea capitis and alopecia areata in pediatric patients.Patients and Methods. This study included 40 patients, 20 patients with tinea capitis and 20 patients with alopecia areata. They were exposed toclinical examination, laboratory investigations (10% KOH and fungal culture), and trichoscope examination.Results. Our obtained results reported that, in tinea capitis patients, comma shaped hairs, corkscrew hairs, and zigzag shaped hairs are the diagnostic trichoscopic features of tinea capitis. While in alopecia areata patients, the most trichoscopic specific features were yellow dots, exclamation mark, and short vellus hairs.Conclusion. Trichoscopy can be used as a noninvasive tool for rapid diagnosis of tinea capitis and alopecia areata in pediatric patients.

scholarly journals A Questionnaire-Based Survey to Assess the Level of Knowledge and Awareness about Drug–Food Interactions among General Public in Western Saudi Arabia

Pharmacy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Syed Faisal Zaidi ◽  
Rayan Mgarry ◽  
Abdullah Alsanea ◽  
Sakar Khalid Almutairi ◽  
Yaser Alsinnari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Jeddah City ◽  
Fundamental Information ◽  
Inadequate Knowledge ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Males And Females

Introduction: Various drug–food interactions exist that may hinder treatment and can sometimes be lethal. Our aim was to assess the level of public knowledge and awareness in Jeddah city, Western Saudi Arabia, about drug–food interactions, along with the effects of demographics on their knowledge. Methods: A survey questionnaire was administered in this cross-sectional study to participants spread across multiple locations in Jeddah, including in malls and public gatherings. Participants included both males and females. Sample size was calculated through Raosoft® software. Data analysis was executed using IBM Statistic SPSS and the level of statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: A total of 410 people participated in the study and only 92.68% (380) of responses were enrolled in the study; 7.32% (30) were not enrolled due to the exclusion criteria. Surprisingly, only six out of eighteen questions regarding drug–food interactions in the administered questionnaire were correctly answered by 380 participants. Data indicated that the participants had a poor to intermediate level of both knowledge and awareness with respect to drug–food interactions. Furthermore, participants showed moderate to strong awareness of the effects of alcohol and tea generally, and their interaction with medication. Conclusion: Participants in our study showed inadequate knowledge of basic and fundamental information about drug–food interactions, which highlights the dire need to increase awareness.

scholarly journals Clinical and dermoscopic patterns of childhood alopecia areata in a tertiary care centre in North India

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 811
Author(s):  
Pooja Bains ◽  
Simplepreet Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Alopecia Areata ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
North India ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Common Site ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Exclamation Mark ◽  
Epidemiologic Profile ◽  
The Mean

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> To describe the clinico epidemiologic profile and dermoscopic findings in children with alopecia areata (AA) and correlate the dermoscopic findings with stage and severity.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The present study was performed over a period of six months, from July 2020 to December 2020 in a tertiary care hospital where 50 clinically diagnosed children ≤15 years with AA were enrolled. A thorough clinical examination followed by dermoscopy was performed. The results were tabulated and then analyzed statistically.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of presentation was 9.74 years. The most common site involved was scalp and the most common dermoscopic findings were yellow dots (25/50, 50%), short vellus hair (22/50, 44%), black dots (21/50, 42%), exclamation mark hair (15/50, 30%) and broken hair (11/50, 22%).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> No significant associations was found between dermoscopic findings and severity or stage of childhood alopecia areata. There was a significant correlation of alopecia areata severity with nail findings in children with alopecia areata.</p>

Therapeutic Effect of Superficial Cryotherapy versus Intralesional Corticosteroids injection in Alopecia Areata

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nour El-dissouki Ibrahim ◽  
Mahira Hamdy Elsayed ◽  
Ahmed Abdel-Fattah Afify
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Alopecia Areata ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Steroid Injections ◽  
Intralesional Steroid ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Intravenous Steroids ◽  
Effects Assessment

Abstract Alopecia areata, one or more round bald patches appear suddenly, most often on the scalp. It can affect males and females at any age. It starts in childhood in about 50%, and before the age of 40 years in 80%. The exact mechanism is not yet understood. There is not yet any reliable cure for alopecia areata. Several topical treatments used for alopecia areata are reported to result in temporary improvement in some people. Their role and efficacy are unknown. Injections of triamcinolone acetonide 2.5–10 mg/ml into patchy scalp, its efficacy is temporary. Oral and pulse intravenous steroids in high dose can lead to temporary regrowth of hair. The sensitisers diphenylcyclopropenone provoke hair growth in treated areas Now, superficial cryotheray is introduced as a possible treatment for Alopecia Areata. With minimial side effects and being less painful. So, this study clarifies the therapeutic efficacy and safety of superficial cryotherapy for treatment of patchy Alopecia areata. Aim of the study The aim of the study is to evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of Superficial Cryotherapy and Intralesional corticosteroids in the treatment of patchy Alopecia Areata. Patients and methods study included 20 patients complaining of Alopecia Areata. 3 patches of scalp alopecia areata will be randomly subjected to either superficial cryotherapy twice monthly for 3 months (3 cycles, 2-3 seconds) or intralesional steroid injections once monthly for 3 months (triaminoclone acetonide 1:7, 1ml) or intralesional saline (1 ml). Assessment for the response to treatment will be done at one month and three month following treatment by digital photography and by phototrichogram by comparing number of Terminal, and vellus and hair thickness, Also assessment for side effects of therapy will be done. Results Patients treated with TCA showed statistically significant high response compared to patients treated with cryotherapy. Also, side effects assessment showed minimal side effects with treatment with TCA compared to cryotherapy. Conclusion TCA treatment of alopecia areata is much tolerable than treatment with cryotherapy with also better response rates.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Beliefs, and Psychosocial Effect of Acne Vulgaris among Saudi Acne Patients

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdy A. Darwish ◽  
Ahmed A. Al-Rubaya
Keyword(s):  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dermatology Clinic ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Psychosocial Effect ◽  
And Gender ◽  
One Year ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Objective. This study was conducted to assess the knowledge, beliefs, and psychosocial effect of acne vulgaris among acne patients attending referral dermatology clinic in Al-Khobar city. Material and Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted on all Saudi acne patients (males and females) attending referral dermatology clinic in Al-Khobar Governmental Hospital. The data were collected by using a structured self-administered questionnaire. Results. Like other studies conducted before, we found that 58.33% of our sample have poor knowledge about factors that affect acne vulgaris with a significant correlation with both age and gender (P=0.012 and P=0.031, resp.). There was significant association of reporting affected social activities with age and educational level (P=0.023 and P=0.013, resp.). Variation between both genders regarding reporting feeling stressed due to acne was significant (P=0.001). The majority of our sample sought medical advice after one year. The most commonly used treatment for acne vulgaris before seeking medical help was peeling products. The majority of our patients thought that acne needs no treatment by physicians. Doctors' treatment is considered guaranteed and safe by the vast majority of our patients. Conclusion. This study showed that knowledge about acne is still insufficient among acne patients.

scholarly journals TO STUDY THE VARIOUS ETIOLOGICAL FACTORS OF SPONTANEOUS PNEUMOTHORAX AT TERTIARY CARE CENTER JAIPUR, RAJASTHAN, INDIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Mukesh Kumar Mandawariya ◽  
Dr. Nalin Joshi ◽  
Dr. S.P. Agnihotri ◽  
Rekha Mandawariya
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Spontaneous Pneumothorax ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Secondary Spontaneous Pneumothorax ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Given

Background: Primary spontaneous pneumothoraces (PSP) affect patients who do not have clinically apparent lung disorders.  Secondary pneumothoraces occur in the setting of underlying pulmonary disease.  Methods: A total of 100 patients, including both males and females, admitted during the given period to the hospital with a diagnosis of spontaneous Pneumothorax (SP) were included in the study after applying to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: COPD was the most common cause (45.6%) followed by Tuberculosis (30%). Silicosis was seen in 18.9% of SSP cases. Other less common causes were Bronchiectasis (3.3%), Pneumonia (1.1%) and Malignancy (1.1%). Conclusion:  Secondary spontaneous pneumothorax is far more common than primary spontaneous pneumothoraces and COPD is the predominant underlying cause of secondary spontaneous pneumothorax followed by pulmonary tuberculosis. We also found that silicosis is a significant contributor to secondary spontaneous pneumothorax, after COPD and pulmonary tuberculosis. Keywords: COPD, TB, Etiology

scholarly journals Study of the weights of human heart and liver in relation with age, gender and body height

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 3469
Author(s):  
K. Deepika ◽  
M. Sushma ◽  
D. Vinod Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Human Heart ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Organ Weights ◽  
Males And Females

Background: Normal weight of organ is one of the most important indicators to discern between normal and abnormal in the departments of Anatomy, Pathology also as in clinical medicine. Objective of the study was to examine the normal adult internal organ weights and their relationship with age, gender, body height.Methods: The present study included 100 autopsy cases from the mortuary of Osmania General Hospital, Hyderabad from May 2012 to September 2013. The subjects were selected as per inclusion and exclusion criteria to avoid variations arising out of pathology. The ages ranged from 10 to 60 years and out of which 29 were females and 71 were males. The organs studied were heart and liver.Results: The weight of organs with mean+standard deviation (SD) was represented for males and females respectively; heart 294+48 / 287+44gms, liver 1404 + 191/ 1283+ 169gms.Conclusions: A positive relationship was found between organ weight with age and body height in both males and females. Organ weights in males were comparatively higher than females.

scholarly journals Application for Evaluation of Nervous System Recognizes and Commands

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2581-2585
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Smart Phone ◽  
Test Time ◽  
Application Development ◽  
Alcohol Content ◽  
Research Article ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Average Alcohol ◽  
Males And Females

This research article is presented the designing process of new application development on smart phone with android-based operating system for the process of evaluating responsiveness and command parts of human’s nervous system. The purposes of the research were ; (1) For studying development and design applications. Evaluating the nervous system recognize and command. (2) Comparing for the assessment of nervous system between men and women before and after Alcohol with application for evaluating nervous system and commandment and (3) to study the cooperation between alcohol intake and nervous system perception and commandment with application for evaluating nervous system and commandment. The result of the research are: (1) Comparative assessment of perception and commandment of males and females before drinking alcohol. Males and females averaging were 22.70 and 25.18 millisecond, respectively, (2) Comparison of perceived and directed sensory evaluation of males and females after drinking. Males and females averaging were 32.22 and 35.11 milliseconds, respectively and (3) The cooperation between alcohol intake and time in the assessment of nervous system perception and commandment of 1-51 mg% 51-100 mg% 101-150 mg% and 151-200 mg% had an average alcohol content of 42.93 mg% 80.24 mg% 121.50 mg% and 164.82 mg% respectively. The average test time was 26.40 milliseconds 32.16 milliseconds 37.12 milliseconds and 40.98 milliseconds respectively.

Indian Dermoscopic Study of Forty Six Cases of Lichen Planus Pigmentosus - New Dermoscopy Signs Discovered

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahul Kumar Sharma, Rajendra Kumar Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Lichen Planus ◽  
Smart Phone ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Dermatology Clinic ◽  
Single Marker ◽  
Brownish Black ◽  
Brown Pigmentation ◽  
Black Pigmentation ◽  
Very High

Lichen planus pigmentosus (LPP) is a atypical pigmented variety of lichen planus. Lichen planus pigmentosus is an unpredictable relapsing idiopathic dermatosis with periods of activation and remission with poor response to treatment and may leads to cosmetically disfiguring post inflammatory pigmentation. Aim - To study dermoscopic features of untreated cases of Lichen planus pigmentosus. Study subjects - All the patients who attended the dermatology clinic from November 2015 to November 2017 with the clinical diagnosis of LPP and who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Methodology - All the patients who attended the dermatology clinic with the diagnosis of LPP were examined by a dermatoscope. Dermoscopy was performed with DL4 dermatoscope. The images were further magnified with smart phone. Results - Our study showed various dermoscopic signs in cases of LPP like annular granular pattern (35 cases), annular globular pattern (5 cases), homogeneous brown pigmentation (12 cases), homogeneous brownish black pigmentation (8 cases), brownish ovoid nests (3 cases), bluish blackish fine dots (4 cases), Wickham’s striae(2 cases) and pigmented targetoid globules(3 cases). Discussion - Dermatoscope is an indispensible valuable tool in clinical practice which helps in making early lucid diagnosis of LPP with very high accuracy. Our study showed that annular granular pattern is the commonest pattern in Indian LPP cases followed by homogeneous brown pigmentation. In our Indian LPP dermoscopy study we discovered three novel dermoscopic signs which includes brownish globular nests, pigmented targetoid globules and bluish blackish fine dots. In our study we got few unique cases where Wickham’s striae was also present with other dermoscopic signs which supports the link of LPP to lichen planus. Dermatoscopic diagnosis of LPP is made by combination of various signs and should not be dependent on the presence of single marker.

scholarly journals Trichoscopy of Alopecia Areata: Hair Loss Feature Extraction and Computation Using Grid Line Selection and Eigenvalue

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Sunyong Seo ◽  
Jinho Park
Keyword(s):  
Hair Loss ◽  
Alopecia Areata ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Smart Device ◽  
Light Reflection ◽  
Grid Line ◽  
Feature Based ◽  
Line Selection ◽  
Vellus Hairs

Recently, the hair loss population, alopecia areata patients, is increasing due to various unconfirmed reasons such as environmental pollution and irregular eating habits. In this paper, we introduce an algorithm for preventing hair loss and scalp self-diagnosis by extracting HLF (hair loss feature) based on the scalp image using a microscope that can be mounted on a smart device. We extract the HLF by combining a scalp image taken from the microscope using grid line selection and eigenvalue. First, we preprocess the photographed scalp images using image processing to adjust the contrast of microscopy input and minimize the light reflection. Second, HLF is extracted through each distinct algorithm to determine the progress degree of hair loss based on the preprocessed scalp image. We define HLF as the number of hair, hair follicles, and thickness of hair that integrate broken hairs, short vellus hairs, and tapering hairs.

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