Current Issues of Assessment and Ensuring Fire Safety of Lighting Products at the Warehouse Storage Facilities

2021 ◽  
pp. 54-60
Author(s):  
G.I. Smelkov ◽  
◽  
V.A. Pekhotikov ◽  
A.I. Ryabikov ◽  
A.A. Nazarov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Fire Statistics ◽  
Fluorescent Lamps ◽  
Warehouse Storage ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Incandescent Lamps ◽  
Wide Assortment ◽  
Storage Facilities

The relevance of the publication is related to the high fire hazard of lighting products. Based on the analysis of fire statistics in the Russian Federation, it is shown that the lamps occupy the fifth place among all the types of electrical installations in terms of the number of fires, direct material damage from them, as well as the number of people perished. At the same time, the number of fires at storage facilities from electrical equipment for the period 2010–2019 is about 39 %, of which the lamps account for a third of all fires. One of the significant objective reasons for such unfavorable statistics is the large number of luminaires in operation at the facilities, as well as their wide assortment and many types of design on the application area. The article summarizes the experience of recent work carried out in the field of fire hazard research of various types of lamps used for the warehouse lighting in particular, the lamps with fluorescent lamps and incandescent lamps, LED lamps and high-pressure gas discharge lamps. The physical and technical causes and possible mechanisms of ignition of these electrical products are shown. As a result of the conducted research on the example of the two most common types of lamps used in the storage facilities (with incandescent lamps and fluorescent lamps) a method for calculating the probability of fires from these products is proposed, which is fully consistent with the requirements of the current GOST 12.1.004—91 and becomes particularly relevant in the development of standards regulating fire-fighting requirements for lamps instead of GOST 17677—82, which became invalid in the Russian Federation in 2020.

ANALYSIS OF THE SITUATION WITH FIRES THAT OCCURRED AT STORAGE FACILITIES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION FOR 2010-2019

2021 ◽  
pp. 57-66
Author(s):  
Виталий Иванович Сибирко ◽  
Валентина Сергеевна Гончаренко ◽  
Татьяна Алексеевна Чечетина ◽  
Юрий Александрович Матюшин
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Statistical Data Analysis ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Operating Instructions ◽  
Storage Facilities

Представлены результаты проведенного в рамках научно-исследовательской работы анализа статистических данных о пожарах, произошедших в Российской Федерации в 2010-2019 гг. на объектах хранения. Перечислены объекты, которые относятся к объектам хранения. Рассмотрены причины пожаров на этих объектах. Сделан вывод о том, что, начиная с 2009 года на объектах хранения растет количество пожаров, причиной которых являлось нарушение правил устройства и эксплуатации электрооборудования. Проведен анализ изделий и устройств, ставших источником возникновения таких пожаров. There are presented the results of statistical data analysis on fires at storage facilities in the Russian Federation for 2010-2019, carried out within the framework of the research work. The objects that are storage facilities are listed. The causes of fires at these objects are considered. It is concluded that since 2009 the number of fires at storage facilities has been growing, that is caused by the violation of the design and operating instructions for electrical equipment. There are analyzed the products and devices that caused those fires.

Residential fire risk assessment and management

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 128-141
Author(s):  
A. A. Tanygina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Economic Indicator ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Residential Sector ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Hazard Levels

Introduction. The article analyzes statistical data for the period of 2006-2018 and presents an assessment of fire hazard levels in residential sectors of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, which were determined on the basis of an integral socio-economic indicator of fire risk. It also considers the problems of assessing fire hazard in the residential sector as in a complex social and economic systems. The purpose of the study is to determine the levels of fire hazard and build a model for managing fire risks in residential sectors of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Research methods. To solve the research problems, the methods of system analysis, statistical analysis, mathematical statistics, etc. were used. Research results. A number of statistical dependencies of the fire situation in the Russian Federation have been analyzed and obtained. The indicators with the most fire hazardous level in the residential sectors of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation were determined by calculation. A block diagram of a model for managing fire risks in the residential sector using the integral socio-economic indicator of fire risk (ISEPPR) is built. Conclusion. The values of the fire hazard levels obtained in the work and the model of fire risk management in residential sectors of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation make it possible to improve management decisions in the field of supervisory activities and preventive work of the Federal State Fire Supervision Authorities. Keywords: residential sector, integral socio-economic indicator of fire risk, risk assessment, level of fire hazard

Issues of ensuring timely evacuation of people from buildings of educational organizations

2021 ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
Г.Г. Гойкалов ◽  
А.А. Абашкин ◽  
Д.В. Ушаков ◽  
С.Г. Панфилов
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
Educational Organizations ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government

Статья посвящена проблеме противопожарной защиты объектов просвещения с учетом требований Федерального закона «Технический регламент о требованиях пожарной безопасности», постановления Правительства Российской Федерации, которым утверждены Правила проведения расчетов по оценке пожарного риска. Рассмотрены вопросы определения необходимого времени эвакуации людей из общеобразовательных организаций при пожаре. Проанализированы требования нормативных правовых документов в области пожарной безопасности. The article is devoted to the actual topic of providing conditions for the safe evacuation of people from educational institutions. The analysis of the requirements of regulatory legal documents in the field of fire safety and statistical data on fires is carried out. The issue of improving the level of fire protection of educational facilities was planned to consider at the meeting of the Government Commission for the Prevention and Elimination of Emergency Situations and Ensuring Fire Safety during the Board Meeting on the results of the Ministry’s work on the main areas of activity in 2020 and on the tasks for 2021 of EMERCOM of Russia. Moreover, the President of the Russian Federation instructed the Government of the Russian Federation to introduce a unified approach to ensuring the security and anti-terrorist protection of educational organizations in the very near future in May of this year. The supervisory authorities of the EMERCOM of Russia conduct practical training on evacuation of people regularly, but for their successful implementation it is necessary for each head of educational organization to know what time is allocated for organizing and conducting the necessary evacuation of people during fire at the facility. Article 53 of Federal Law No. 123 of 22.07.2008 “Technical Regulations on fire safety requirements” defines that the safe evacuation of people from buildings and structures in case of fire is provided if the time interval from the moment of fire detection to the completion of people evacuation to a safe area does not exceed the required time for evacuation of people in case of fire. The buildings of educational organizations were designed at different times, respectively, the objects have different layouts, number of floors, and degree of fire resistance. Therefore the individual approach to each object of protection is necessary to determine the essential evacuation time. Determining the time of people evacuation from buildings and premises will have a positive impact on the effectiveness of practical training, will help to determine whether people have time to evacuate from the building at prescribed time. The Rules for conducting calculations on fire risk assessment is approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1084 dated July 22, 2020. The Methodology for determining the calculated values of fire risk in buildings, structures and fire compartments of various classes of functional fire hazard is approved by the Order of EMERCOM of Russia No. 382 dated June 30, 2009 (as amended by Order of EMERCOM of Russia No. 632 of 02.12.2015). This Methodology establishes the procedure for determining the necessary time for the people evacuation from the objects of protection. The implemented work will allow the bodies of the state fire supervision of EMERCOM of Russia to increase the quality index of administration of control and supervisory functions at the objects of protection of this category.

Methodology for assigning security objects to a certain risk category

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 ◽  
pp. 8-18
Author(s):  
D. V. Zobkov ◽  
◽  
A. I. Ryzhikov ◽  
A. A. Poroshin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Acceptable Level ◽  
Risk Category ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Level Of Risk

Introduction. In accordance with the provisions of Federal law No. 248-FZ of July 31, 2020 "On state control (supervision) and municipal control in the Russian Federation", a methodology has been developed for determining criteria for assigning protection objects to certain categories of risk of causing harm (damage) of various extent and severity to legally protected assets as a result of fire. Goals and objectives. The purpose of the study is to develop a procedure for assigning protection objects to a certain category of causing harm (damage) risk based on estimates of the probability of fires with the corresponding severity of consequences. Methods. To form criteria for assigning protection objects to a certain category of risk, such concepts are formalized as: the probability of an event (fire) with the corresponding consequences; the acceptable level of risk of causing harm (damage) in a fire. Based on these concepts, the indicator "severity of potential negative consequences of fire" was determined, which allows performing quantitative calculations for assigning protection objects to a certain risk category. Results and discussion. The international experience of reforming fire safety compliance checks and implementing a risk-based approach is considered. Using the indicator of "the level of severity of potential negative consequences of fire", risk categories were determined for groups of protection objects that are homogeneous by type of economic activity and classes of functional fire hazard. To assess dynamic changes that take into account the individual characteristics of objects of protection, when determining the risk category, an approach to the formation of such a concept as the "index of individualization of a controlled person" is proposed. This index takes into account the individual characteristics of the object of protection that affect the level of its fire safety, as well as information about the integrity of the controlled person, which characterize the carrying out of fire protection measures on the object of protection, the implementation of an independent risk assessment, the conclusion of a voluntary insurance contract, etc. Conclusions. A methodology has been developed for determining criteria for assigning protection objects to certain categories of risk of causing harm (damage) of various extent and severity to legally protected estimates as a result of fire. The provisions of the proposed methodology formed the basis of the decree of the Russian Federation Government No. 1662 of October 12, 2020 "On amendments to the Regulations on Federal state fire supervision", which regulates the procedure and criteria for assigning protection objects to a certain category of risk in the field of fire safety. Key words: risk-based approach, object of protection, probability of negative events, acceptable level of risk, index of individualization, integrity of the controlled person, fire prevention measures.

scholarly journals Сonceptual bases of the organization of forest fire protection

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
S.N. Zharinov ◽  
◽  
E.I. Golubeva ◽  
M.V. Zimin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fire ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Fire Protection ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Forest Protection ◽  
Fire Extinguishing ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Forest Fire Protection

The analysis of the Concept of the draft Federal Law “Forest Code of the Russian Federation” proposed for discussion has shown that it is necessary to consider in detail the problems of organizing forest fire protection. In our opinion, the provisions of clause 3.7.7. The concepts require discussion of two important aspects of this activity. The first aspect concerns the implementation of forest fire protection in the territories provided for forestry on the basis of a license agreement and an agreement on the trust management of protective forests to legal entities and individuals. The second is the definition of the basic principles and criteria, based on which, the forests will be classified according to the methods of monitoring fire hazard and the use of fire extinguishing forces and means. The need to discuss the issue of consolidating the function of forest protection from fires for state specialized organizations of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and the federal body responsible for the general management of the forest protection system is revealed. The study showed that with the modern organization of fire detection and extinguishing, the approach to zoning and methodological support for making a decision on the advisability of carrying out fire extinguishing work in hard-to-reach forests requires a more thorough justification. At the same time, the development of a methodology should proceed from the zoning goal to reduce damage from fires. When calculating, it is important to take into account not only economic losses, but also negative consequences in the social sphere and in the environmental situation.

scholarly journals Underwater storage of liquid hydrocarbons in arctic conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Y. V. Beskhizhko ◽  
V. V. Beskhizhko ◽  
A. I. Ermakov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Liquid Hydrocarbons ◽  
Hydrocarbon Production ◽  
The Real ◽  
Arctic Conditions ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Hydrocarbon Deposits ◽  
Storage Facilities

The existing and prospective methods of storage of liquid hydrocarbons for offshore hydrocarbon deposits development both in the Russian Federation and abroad are considered. The conducted analysis showed extremely limited use of separately located underwater storage facilities and very significant advantages when using them as part of subsea hydrocarbon production systems. The real feasibility of them for the Russian Federation is presented.

SITUATION WITH FIRES CAUSED BY ELECTRICAL PRODUCTS AND DEVICES AT DIFFERENT OBJECTS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN 2011-2020

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-74
Author(s):  
Виталий Иванович Сибирко ◽  
Екатерина Николаевна Малёмина ◽  
Валентина Сергеевна Гончаренко ◽  
Владимир Алексеевич Мартынов
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Major Part ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Public Buildings ◽  
Material Loss ◽  
Residential Sector ◽  
The Russian Federation

Представлены результаты статистического анализа показателей обстановки с пожарами, произошедшими в Российской Федерации в 2011-2020 гг. от электрооборудования. Рассчитаны значения как абсолютных, так и долевых показателей данных пожаров в общих значениях по России. Приведены распределения показателей пожаров от электрических изделий и устройств по различным объектам пожаров. По результатам исследования установлено, что наибольшее число пожаров от электрооборудования произошло на трех группах объектов: здания, сооружения жилого сектора; транспортные средства; общественные здания, сооружения. Основная часть погибших и травмированных людей, а также наибольший прямой ущерб соответствуют группе объектов «здания, сооружения жилого назначения, надворные постройки». There are presented the results of statistical analysis of parameters characterizing situation with fires caused by electrical equipment that occurred in the Russian Federation in 2011-2020. Both absolute and shared parameters of these fires in general values among Russia are calculated. The distributions of parameters of fires caused by electrical products and devices on different objects of fires are sited. According to the results of the study it was found that the largest number of fires caused by electrical equipment occurred on three main groups of objects: buildings and structures of residential sector; vehicles; public buildings and structures. The major part of fire deaths, fire injures and also the largest direct material loss from fires corresponds to the group of object “residential buildings and structures, outbuildings”.

scholarly journals ACTUALIZATION OF SPECIFIC ELECTRIC LOADS PRESCHOOL EDUCATIONAL AND EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 134-145
Author(s):  
Yuri I. Soluyanov ◽  
Alexander I. Fedotov ◽  
Azat R. Akhmetshin ◽  
Vladimir I. Soluyanov ◽  
Vladimir A. Khalturin
Keyword(s):  
General Education ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
Draft Resolution ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Power Metering ◽  
Electrical Loads

To calculate the load of preschool educational and general education institutions, the specific values ​​of electrical loads are used, presented in SP 256.1325800.2016 “Electrical equipment of residential and public buildings. Rules of design and erection”. Research by the Roselectromontazh Association regarding the analysis of half-hour profiles of preschool and general education institutions showed a discrepancy between the declared capacity for technological connection and the actually measured one. The actual measured power turned out to be more than 2 times less than that calculated according to regulatory documents, which indicates the need to update the calculated specific electrical loads. This problem can be solved by using statistical methods to analyze the load profile of preschool educational and general education institutions, obtained from smart electricity meters. Due to the adopted Federal Law No. 522-FZ of December 27, 2018 “On Amending Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation in Connection with the Development of Electric Energy (Power) Metering Systems in the Russian Federation”, the main transition to smart meters should be completed by 2023. Based on research in the Republic of Tatarstan, carried out over three years, a draft resolution was developed on amending the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Tatarstan dated December 27, 2013 No. 1071 «On approval of republican standards for urban planning of the Republic of Tatarstan» in terms of calculating electrical loads for technological connection power receivers of preschool educational and general education institutions. The implementation of this decree will lead to a decrease in the cost of building an electric grid infrastructure, as well as to a decrease in electricity losses.

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