scholarly journals Studi Literatur tentang Kuantitatif Penggunaan Antibiotik pada Bangsal Bedah dengan DDD

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Ervin Colyn ◽  
Fauna Herawati ◽  
Rika Yulia
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Defined Daily Dose ◽  
Search Term ◽  
Surgical Prophylaxis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
Bed Days

Abstract— Antibiotic resistance is one of the healthcare problems associated with higher medical costs, prolonged hospital stays, and increased mortality rate. Monitoring antibiotic usage purposed to control the incidence of antibiotic resistance. Past research reported that there was an irrational use of surgical prophylaxis in Asia. The objective of this research is to review surgical prophylaxis utilization using DDD method with DDD/100 Bed Days as outcome. The study design used is systematic review. The articles included in this study were cross-sectional study design, in Indonesian or English language, and published between the years 2010-2020. The defined daily dose, antibiotic prophylaxis, surgery were the search term. This study assesses the quality of journals by The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklist and the journal's reputation. There were eleven articles, five articles had a good quality according to JBI checklist and published at journal indexed Scopus or accredited by National Journal Accreditation (ARJUNA) SINTA 1-3. The most used surgical prophylaxis antibiotic in 6 locations was ceftriaxone. Meanwhile, Cefazolin, the first choice surgical prophylaxis antibiotic recommended by the guideline, only reported being used the most at 2 locations. In Asia, there are irrational surgical prophylaxis antibiotic utilizations. The monitoring of surgical prophylaxis antibiotic use needs to be improved to increase the appropriateness.Keywords: Defined Daily Dose, antibiotic prophylaxis, surgery, Asia Abstrak—Resistensi antibiotik merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan karena meningkatkan biaya perawatan, memperpanjang lama rawat di rumah sakit, dan meningkatkan angka kematian. Pemantauan penggunaan antibiotik bertujuan untuk mengendalikan kejadian resistensi antibiotik. Penelitian terdahulu melaporkan bahwa masih banyak terjadi pemakaian antibiotik secara irasional di bangsal bedah di Asia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pola pemakaian antibiotik di bangsal bedah dalam satuan DDD/100 bed days. Penelitian ini merupakan kajian sistematik. Artikel terpilih dalam penelitian ini adalah artikel penelitian potong lintkang, berbahasa Indonesia atau Inggris, dan dipublikasi antara tahun 2010 sampai 2020. Kata kunci yang dipakai adalah defined daily dose, antibiotic prophylaxis, surgery. Kualitas jurnal dinilai dengan checklist Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) dan reputasi jurnal.  Hasil: Didapatkan sebelas artikel, lima jurnal memiliki kualitas baik menurut checklist JBI dan dipublikasi oleh jurnal terindeks Scopus atau terakreditasi Sinta 1-3. Berdasarkan hasil sintesis, antibiotik golongan sefalosporin merupakan antibiotik yang paling sering dipakai. Seftriakson dilaporkan pada 6 lokasi sebagai antibiotik yang paling sering dipakai sebagai profilaksis pembedahan, sedangkan sefazolin, antibiotik pilihan utama yang direkomendasikan oleh pedoman terapi, hanya dilaporkan paling banyak digunakan di 2 lokasi. Di Asia, penggunaan antibiotik profilaksis di bangsal bedah masih ada yang irasional. Pemantauan penggunaan antibiotik profilaksis di bangsal bedah perlu ditingkatkan.Kata kunci: Defined Daily Dose, antibiotik profilaksis, bangsal bedah, Asia

scholarly journals The prescription pattern and awareness about antibiotic prophylaxis and resistance among a group of Egyptian pediatric and general dentists: a cross sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariam Mohsen Aly ◽  
Marwa Aly Elchaghaby
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Antibiotic Prescription ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
General Dentists

Abstract Background The use of antibiotics in dentistry as prophylaxis and treatment is frequent. Their misuse has led to a major public health problem globally known as antibiotic resistance. This study aimed to assess the pattern of antibiotic prescription and its prophylactic use for systemic conditions. Besides, this study evaluated the awareness and adherence to antibiotic prescription guidelines and antibiotic prophylaxis guidelines along with awareness of antibiotic resistance across pediatric and general dentists. Methods An overall of 378 pediatric and general dentists meeting the required eligibility criteria, fulfilled a pre-designed validated questionnaire. Data were collected, tabulated, and statistically analyzed. Results A significant statistical difference was found among the pediatric and general dentists regarding antibiotics prescription for most of the oral conditions where Amoxicillin with clavulanic acid was the most frequently prescribed antibiotic among the two groups (53% pediatric dentist and 52% general dentist). The majority of pediatric and general dentists, on the other hand, were aware of antibiotic resistance and prescribing recommendations. Conclusions The present study showed a tendency to overprescribe and overuse antibiotics in certain dental conditions among the participants. The vast majority of dentists, especially general dentists do not have adherence to professional guidelines for antibiotics prescription in children despite their awareness of antibiotic resistance and prescription guidelines.

Large Doses of Propranolol for the Treatment of Infantile Cephalic and Facial Hemangiomas: A Clinical Report of 38 Cases

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 268-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Jianguo ◽  
Wang Xichun ◽  
Zhan Mingkun ◽  
Cai Qiaoling ◽  
Li Wenjin
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Clinical Effect ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Entire Group ◽  
Clinical Report ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
Oral Propranolol

Objective: Infantile cephalic and facial hemangiomas (IHs) are common and histologically benign vascular lesions in infants. This study investigates the clinical effect of using large doses of Propranolol for the treatment of IHs. Study design: This study contains 38 patients with IHs. All patients received general screening before the treatment. The dosage of Propranolol was increased over the course of treatment, which initiated three days. 1mg/kg on the first day, then increased by 0.5 mg/kg each day. The daily dose was divided into two smaller doses, administered every 12 hours, half an hour after feeding. Patients were hospitalized for six days. In the absence of side effects, treatment was continued at home and patients were reevaluated every month. Generally, one course of treatment lasted six months. Results: With the treatment, the entire group had significant improvement. 6 of them had excellent results. 22 had a good response with considerable lesion reduction. Side effects were limited during or after the treatment. Conclusions: Large doses of oral Propranolol to treat severe IHs patients had great clinical results. The treatment can shorten the natural course of IHs, making it a possible first choice for treatment.

scholarly journals Evaluasi Penggunaan Antibiotik Pada Pasien Anak Rawat Inap di RSD Dr. Soebandi Jember

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinta Rachmawati ◽  
Dewi Khurmi Masito ◽  
Ema Rachmawati
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Quantitative Evaluation ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Defined Daily Dose ◽  
Resistance Risk ◽  
Condition Evaluation ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
Active Substances

Infection is one of the health problems. It is mostly caused by bacteria. The increased incidence of bacterial infection results in higher antibiotic use. It can lead to antibiotic resistance risk. Antibiotic resistance may occur in pediatric patients. Morbidity, mortality, and high cost of medication are impact of this condition. Evaluation of antibiotic use needs to be done to ensure responsible use of antibiotics. ATCD/DDD (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical/ Defined Daily Dose) method can be used to evaluate antibiotic use quantitatively. ATC classification is a system of grouping active substances according to their location of action and DDD is a measurement system that is connected to the ATC code.The purpose of this study was determining the profile of antibiotic use and measuring quantitative evaluation with ATC/DDD method in pediatric patients. The data was collected by observing the hospital medical record. The results of this study showed that cephalosporin (46,22%) was the most used group and cefotaxime (31,15%) was the most used type of antibiotic. While, the quantitative evaluation with ATC/DDD method indicated that the highest of antibiotic use was ceftriaxone (11,30 DDD/100 patient days) and the lowest was amikacin (0,03 DDD/100 patient days)

scholarly journals SYSTEMS APPROACH FOR ANTIBIOTICS IN COLORECTAL SURGERY IN GROWING ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE BACKGROUND

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3(69)) ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
Yu. M. Stojko ◽  
V. G. Gusarov ◽  
D. A. Kolozyan ◽  
A. L. Levchuk ◽  
A. V. Maksimenkov
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Colorectal Surgery ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Defined Daily Dose ◽  
Empirical Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Septic Complications ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases

AIM: to reduce antibiotic resistance of infectious agents in colorectal surgery using optimal antibiotic therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: single-center interventional study with retrospective control has been done. Start point of intervention was January 2017, when it was provided direct administrative control of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis protocols and empirical antibiotic therapy. The study included 200 patients after colorectal surgery in 2016-2017. Patients divided in two groups: in 2016 y – control (A), in 2017 – interventional one (B). RESULTS: significant decrease was detected in total antibiotic use from 16.1 to 12.2 defined daily dose (DDD) and in duration of antibiotic prophylaxis from 5.5 to 1.9 days (p<0.001). Incidence of infection caused by multi-resistant strains reduced from 84.3% to 50% (p<0.001). Analysis of etiology septic complications in colorectal patients showed a decrease in the number of Enterobacteriales, producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) from 33.3% to 11.8% (р<0.01). The incidence of carbapenem-resistant Klostridium pneumoniae reduced from 7.8% до 0%, р=0.031. ESKAPE group pathogens decreased from 24 (47.1%) to 12 (17.7%), р<0.001. No difference in postoperative infectious morbidity between groups was detected (32.9% vs 31.0%, р=0.88). Incidence of antibiotic-associated diarrhea decreased from 5% to 0% (р=0.03). CONCLUSION: direct control of antibiotic prophylaxis protocols and empirical antibiotic therapy allowed to decrease the rate of antibiotic use and to decrease rate of infection complications caused by antibiotic resistance strains.

scholarly journals Prescribed Daily Dose (PDD) Antibiotik Untuk Penyakit Gigi di Salah Satu Apotek di Surabaya

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
Ilil Maidatuz Zulfa ◽  
Fitria Dewi Yunitasari
Keyword(s):  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Prescribing Patterns ◽  
Defined Daily Dose ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hygiene Measures ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
Dental Infections

ABSTRAKAntibiotik sistemik banyak diresepkan oleh dokter gigi baik sebagai profilaksis maupun penanganan infeksi. Tingginya peresepan antibiotik pada infeksi gigi dan periodontal akan berpotensi pada peningkatan resistensi bakteri karena penggunaan yang berlebihan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menginvestigasi pola peresepan, Prescribed Daily Dose (PDD) dan rasio PDD/DDD yang ditetapkan WHO setiap antibiotik yang diresepkan untuk penyakit gigi. Studi cross-sectional retrospektif dilakukan pada rekam resep tahun 2016 di salah satu Apotek di Surabaya. Sebanyak 136 resep untuk penyakit gigi telah dianalisis dalam penelitian ini. Rata-rata usia pasien adalah 38,92+12,96 tahun. Antibiotik yang paling banyak diresepkan adalah Golongan –Laktam yaitu Amoksisilin (50,72%) dan Amoksisilin+Asam Klavulanat (3,62%) diikuti oleh golongan Linkosamid yaitu Klindamisin (28,99%) dan Linkomisin (5,80%), serta golongan Nitroimidazol yaituMetronidazol (5,07%). PDD Antibiotik yang diresepkan lebih rendah dibanding DDD yang ditetapkan WHO kecuali Amoksisilin (1509,2 mg/pasien/hari; rasio PDD/DDD 1,59), Amoksisilin+Asam Klavulanat (1368,42 mg/pasien/hari; rasio PDD/DDD 1,37), Eritromisin (1500,00 mg/pasien/hari; rasio PDD/DDD 1,50), dan Levofloksasin (500,00 mg/pasien/hari; rasio PDD/DDD 1,00). Terdapat perbedaan antara nilai PDD beberapa antibiotik dengan nilai DDD yang ditetapkan WHO dimana dalam penelitian ini nilai PDD lebih merefleksikan densitas penggunaan antibiotik.Kata kunci: Prescribed Daily Dose (PDD), Antibiotik, Infeksi gigi.ABSTRACTSistemic Antibiotics are prescribed by dentists not only for treatment of infection but also for profilactics. Most of dental and periodontal diseases are best treated by operative intervention and oral hygiene measures, so that the use of sistemic antibiotics are very limited. High rates of sistemic antibiotics prescribing in densitry can lead to bacterial resistance due to overuse of antibiotics. The aim of the study was to investigate the antibiotics prescribing patterns in densitry, Prescribed Daily Dose (PDD), and PDD/WHO’s Defined Daily Dose (DDD) ratio. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 2016 prescription records at a private pharmacy in Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia. A total 136 prescription records were analyzed. The average age of patients was 38,92+12,96 years old. The most common antibiotics prescribed in densitry was –Lactam group which were Amoxycillin (50,72%) and Amoxycillin+Clavulanic Acid (3,62%) followed by Linkosamide group w Clindamycin (28,99%) and Lincomycin (5,80%), and Nitroimidazol group which was Metronidazole (5,07%). The PDD of Antibiotics prescribed was lower than each WHO’s DDD except Amoxycillin (1509,2mg/patient/day; PDD/DDD ratio 1,59), Amoxycillin+Clavulanic Acid (1368,42 mg/patient/day; PDD/DDD ratio 1,37), Eritromisin (1500,00 mg/patient/day; PDD/DDD ratio 1,50), dan Levofloksasin (500,00 mg/patient/day; PDD/DDD ratio 1,00). There was a difference between PDD and WHO’s DDD. PDD was more likely reflect the density of antibiotic usage. Key Words: Prescribed Daily Dose (PDD), Antibiotics, Dental Infections

scholarly journals STUDI PENGGUNAAN ANTIBIOTIK PASIEN PNEUMONIA ANAK DENGAN METODE DDD DAN DU 90%

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-115
Author(s):  
Farah Bidara ◽  
◽  
Mumfasiroh Saputri ◽  
Dyah Aryani Perwitasari ◽  
Intan Fatah Kumara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Defined Daily Dose ◽  
Inpatient Ward ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
Patient Demographic Data ◽  
Antibiotic Duration ◽  
Empirical Antibiotics

Pneumonia is one of the most common respiratory infections. The treatment of pneumonia mostly uses broad-spectrum empirical antibiotics that are susceptible to resistance. One of the efforts to reduce antibiotic resistance is to use antibiotics wisely which can be done by regularly evaluating the quantitative and qualitative use of antibiotics. The purpose of this study was to determine the quantity of consumption and the type of antibiotic used in patients pneumonia child inpatient ward at Hospital Mitra Paramedika Yogyakarta (MPY) and Yadika Pondok Bambu Jakarta (YPBJ) by DDD (Defined Daily Dose) and DU (Drug utility) 90%. This is a descriptive study period June 2017 - April 2020 in pediatric patients aged 1 - 18 years with a diagnosis of pneumonia. Sampling was performed at the Medical Record Installation. The Data taken were antibiotic type, dosage regimen, medication route, antibiotic duration (day), and hospital stay (day) as well as patient demographic data (age, type sex) .There are differences in the pattern of antibiotic use between YPBJ and MPY. Comparison of DDD and DU 90% may be due to differences in standard of therapy used by physicians, antibiotic resistance, differences in germ maps and hospital formularies.

scholarly journals Antibiotic use on paediatric inpatients in a public hospital in Bangil, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
pp. 163-167
Author(s):  
Ika Norcahyanti ◽  
Malikatur Rosyidah ◽  
Abdul Kadir Jaelani ◽  
Antonius N.W. Pratama
Keyword(s):  
Public Hospital ◽  
Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Defined Daily Dose ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pediatric Ward ◽  
Global Action ◽  
Bed Days ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Introduction: The importance of antibiotic use in a clinical setting was evaluated in order to support the global action plan to decelerate the spreading speed of antimicrobial resistance. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate antibiotic use among pediatric inpatients in Bangil public hospital, East Java, Indonesia. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design. The data were obtained from medical records of pediatric patients admitted to a pediatric ward in 2017. Data were analysed using the anatomical therapeutic chemical classification system (ATC)/defined daily dose (DDD) method in conjunction with data sources from a locally developed bacterial map. Results: The results showed the paediatric patients were dominantly male (n=218; 54.2%) and mostly diagnosed with diarrhoea (n=87; 15.3%). Ampicillin-sulbactam was the most commonly used antibiotic (16.3%). The total DDD value was 66.1 DDD/100 bed-days, and ceftriaxone demonstrated the highest DDD value (10.3 DDD/100 bed-days). Conclusion: In conclusion, the use of antibiotics in the pediatric ward in Bangil public hospital was comparable to other studies conducted in Indonesia.

scholarly journals The use of anti-hyperlipidemia in a private hospital in Yogyakarta during 2013-2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-181
Author(s):  
Yosi Febrianti ◽  
Saepudin Saepudin ◽  
Dian Medisa ◽  
Haryo Tetuko ◽  
Nurul Fadhillah Hasanah
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Pharmacy ◽  
Private Hospital ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Defined Daily Dose ◽  
Primary And Secondary Prevention ◽  
Pharmacy Department ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
Bed Days ◽  
Lipid Modifying Agents

Background: Lipid modifying agents have an important role in the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease and stroke. The use of lipid-modifying agents tends to increase along with the increasing prevalence of these diseases. Objectives: To determine the utilization of lipid modifying agents for hospitalized patients in a private hospital in Yogyakarta during the period of 2013 - 2019 in regard to the agents used and their quantity. Methods: The main data for this study were aggregate data on the use of lipid modifying agents for hospitalized patients during 2013-2019 obtained from the hospital pharmacy department. After identification of the names of lipid modifying agents, the quantities of these drugs were then calculated in units of defined daily dose (DDD) and the final quantity was expressed in DDD/100 bed days (BD). The R2 value from linear regression was used to determine the trend of use of individual agents over the period. Results: There were two pharmacological subgroups of lipid modifying agents used during the period of 2013 – 2019 with an average of total quantity of 14.81 DDD/100 BD. Utilization of statins was approximately 90% of the total use, and utilization of fibrates tended to decrease over the period. Individually, simvastatin use decreased significantly over the period (R2 = 0.885), but atorvastatin use continued to increase (R2 = 0.908) with 10-fold increase from 2013 to 2019. Conclusion: The lipid modifying agents used during the period 2013 - 2019 were predominantly statins, and the utilization of atorvastatin increased significantly during this period. Keywords: lipid modifying agents, ATC/DDD, fibrates, statins

scholarly journals Evaluation of a Multidisciplinary Antimicrobial Stewardship Program in a Saudi Critical Care Unit: A Quasi-Experimental Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Haseeb ◽  
Hani Saleh Faidah ◽  
Manal Al-Gethamy ◽  
Muhammad Shahid Iqbal ◽  
Abrar Mohammed Barnawi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Critical Care ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Audit And Feedback ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Defined Daily Dose ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Bed Days

Background: Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) are collaborative efforts to optimize antimicrobial use in healthcare institutions through evidence-based quality improvement strategies. With regard to critically ill patients, appropriate antimicrobial usage is of significance, and any delay in therapy increases their risk of mortality. Therefore, the implementation of structured multidisciplinary ASPs in critical care settings is of the utmost importance to promote the judicious use of antimicrobials.Methods: This quasi-experimental study evaluating a multidisciplinary ASP in a 20-bed critical care setting was conducted from January 1, 2016 to July 31, 2017. Outcomes were compared nine months before and after ASP implementation. The national antimicrobial stewardship toolkit by Ministry of health was reviewed and the hospital antibiotic prescribing policy was accordingly modified. The antimicrobial stewardship algorithm (Start Smart and Then Focus) and an ASP toolkit were distributed to all intensive care unit staff. Prospective audit and feedback, in addition to prescribing forms for common infectious diseases and education, were the primary antimicrobial strategies.Results: We found that the mean total monthly antimicrobial consumption measured as defined daily dose per 100 bed days was reduced by 25% (742.86 vs. 555.33; p = 0.110) compared to 7% in the control condition (tracer medications) (35.35 vs. 38.10; p = 0.735). Interestingly, there was a negative impact on cost in the post-intervention phase. Interestingly, the use of intravenous ceftriaxone measured as defined daily dose per 100 bed days was decreased by 82% (94.32 vs. 16.68; p = 0.008), whereas oral levofloxacin use was increased by 84% (26.75 vs. 172.29; p = 0.008) in the intensive care unit.Conclusion: Overall, involvement of higher administration in multidisciplinary ASP committees, daily audit and feedback by clinical pharmacists and physicians with infectious disease training, continuous educational activities about antimicrobial use and resistance, use of local antimicrobial prescribing guidelines based on up-to-date antibiogram, and support from the intensive care team can optimize antibiotic use in Saudi healthcare institutions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document