scholarly journals Study the effect of some acids on the viability of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. and Metarhizium anisopliae and their growth ability on chitin agar

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Hussein Magtoff Diwan ◽  
Majed Ibrahim Abdela ◽  
Belasim Ahmed Abas ◽  
Husein Neayma Keshmer
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Boric Acid ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Maximum Rate ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hand Control ◽  
Growth Ability

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of three acids; Citric, Oxalic and Boric acids 0.05% on the viability of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae spores after 1,2, 3 days of exposure 27±1 C° and the growth on chitin agar was obtained after 5 days at 26 ± 1C°.The results showed that the rate of viability of B. bassiana and M. anisopliae with boric acid was 312.3,209,150.3 colony/ml and 318,294.7,157.5 colony/ml respectively during three period time of in comparison with control and spore suspensions with the other acids. Spores of both fungi B. bassiana and M. anisopliae showed maximum rate of viability in the suspension supplied with citric acid which were 266 and 293.6 colony/ml, respectively after 1day of exposures to this acid in comparison with viability of control and other periods. Spores viability was lost with oxalic acid. On the other hand, control recorded highest rate of radial growth in the control was 1.92, 4.4 cm on the medium chitin agar after 3 days of incubation in comparison with other treatments. Both fungi showed best rate of radial growth 3.12, 1.88cm after 1and 3 days of exposure to citric acid, respectively in comparison with other treatments. There were no such growths on chitin agar after exposure the oxalic acid.

Pathogenicity of Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana against Phyllophaga crinita and Anomala flavipennis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)

2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Rodríguez-del-Bosque ◽  
F. Silvestre ◽  
V. M. Hernández ◽  
H. Quiroz ◽  
J. E. Throne
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
The Other ◽  
White Grub ◽  
Test Protocol ◽  
Lethal Time

Five isolates of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin and 3 isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin were tested against third-instar larvae of Phyllophaga crinita (Burmeister) and Anomala flavipennis Burmeister under laboratory conditions using the “maximum challenge test” protocol. The M. anisopliae strains were more virulent than the B. bassiana strains, with the isolates MAGL3N and MAGL4N of M. anisopliae causing the highest mortality in both white grub species. Regardless of scarab species, mortality caused by MAGL3N was >63% after 4 days and >96% after 10 days. The other strain of M. anisopliae, MAGC2N, also caused high mortality in A. flavipennis, but at a slower rate than MAGL3N. Median lethal time (LT50) for MAGL3N was 2.9 days for P. crinita and 3.0 d for A. flavipennis. The LT50 for MAGL4N was 5.3 d for P. crinita and 7.6 d for A. flavipennis while the LT50 for MAGC2N was 4.4 d for A. flavipennis. Metarhizium anisopliae is a potential biological control agent for P. crinita and A. flavipennis and should be further investigated for possible development.

scholarly journals Comparative Virulence of Metarhizium anisopliae and Four Strains of Beauveria bassiana Against House Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) Adults With Attempted Selection for Faster Mortality

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roxie L White ◽  
Christopher J Geden ◽  
Phillip E Kaufman ◽  
Dana Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
House Fly ◽  
The Other ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
House Flies ◽  
Lethal Time ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Time Required

Abstract Entomopathogenic fungi such as Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin and Metarhizium anisopliae/brunneum (Metchnikoff)/Petch have shown promising results for managing the house fly, Musca domestica L. A primary challenge of using these biological control agents (BCAs) in field situations is the time required to induce high adult house fly mortality, typically 6–7 d post-exposure. In this study, virulence of M. anisopliae (strain F52) and four B. bassiana strains were compared. The B. bassiana strains GHA and HF23 are used in commercial products and those were compared with two strains that were isolated from house flies on dairy farms (NFH10 and L90). Assays were conducted by exposing adult house flies to fungal-treated filter paper disks for 2 h. The lethal time to 50% mortality (LT50) at the high concentration of 1 × 109 conidia ranged from 3.8 to 5.2 d for all five strains. GHA, NFH10, and L90 killed flies faster than M. anisopliae strain F52; HF23 did not differ from either the M. anisopliae or the other B. bassiana strains. Attempts with the NFH10 strain to induce faster fly mortality through selection across 10 fungal to fly passages did not result in shorter time to fly death of the selected strain compared with the unselected strain.

scholarly journals CL50 y variación de la patogenicidad en aislamientos de Beauveria bassiana y Metarhizium anisopliae evaluados en poblaciones de Premnotrypes vorax

2003 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Sandra Jaqueline Mena ◽  
Luis Alberto Peña ◽  
Ranulfo González
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Positive Relation ◽  
Development Phases ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Mortality Percentage

<p>Con el fin de evaluar una alternativa "ecológica" para el control de gusano blanco de la papa (<em>Premnotrypes vorax</em>), se trabajó con seis aislamientos de <em>Beauveria bassiana </em>y uno de <em>Metarhizium anisopliae</em>, nativos del departamento de Nariño, Colombia. Inicialmente se estudió su patogenicidad y variabilidad en condiciones de laboratorio usando una concentración de 1x107 esporas.ml-1, observándose que todos los aislamientos fueron patogénicos para el gusano blanco. Sin embargo, se presentaron diferencias significativas entre la mortalidad causada por éstos (F7,14 = 4.64; P&lt;0.0001) pues la mortalidad varió desde 13.3% para Bb2 hasta 96.6% para Bb5. Posteriormente, se establecieron las concentraciones letales mediante Probit - Analysis de Raymons (1985), para cada aislamiento y en dos estadios de desarrollo de <em>P. vorax </em>(larvas y adultos). Los resultados obtenidos presentaron una relación positiva concentración/mortalidad, y los X2 calculados demostraron que los datos fueron homogéneos y se ajustaron a la línea de regresión con un nivel de confianza del 95%. En ambos estadios, los aislamientos Bb4, Bb5, Bb7 y Bb8 presentaron los porcentajes de mortalidad más altos; por esto, la línea base de mortalidad pudo ser establecida con mayor confianza y las CL99 fueron las más bajas, razón por la que fueron preseleccionados para un futuro estudio en campo.</p><p><strong><br /></strong></p><p><strong>CL50 and pathogenic power of </strong><strong><em>Beauveria bassiana </em></strong><strong>and </strong><strong><em>Metharizium anisopliae </em></strong><strong>isolates infecting </strong><strong><em>Premnotrypes vorax </em></strong><strong>populations</strong></p><p>In order to evaluate an “ecologic” alternative for the control of the white worm potato (<em>Premnotrypes vorax</em>), were studied six <em>Beauveria bassiana </em>and one of <em>Metharizium anisopliae </em>isolates, native of Nariño, Colombia.Their pathogenicity and variability were observed under laboratory conditions using a concentration of 1x107 spores.ml-1. All the biocontrol densities evaluated were pathogenic to <em>P. vorax</em>; however, there were big differences among the mortality caused by the isolates (F7,14 = 4.64; P&lt;0.0001), they varied from 13.3% for Bb2 up to 96.6% for Bb5. Later, on lethal concentration made by Probit - Raymon’s analysis (1985), was established for each isolate in two development phases of <em>P. vorax </em>(larve and adults).The results presented a positive relation concentration/mortality and the calculated X2 proved that the data were homogeneous and adjusted to the linear regression with a 95% level of confidence. The higher mortality percentage was found in the two phases of the isolates Bb4, Bb5, Bb7 and Bb8, for that, there was security to establish the mortality base line; on the other hand, the CL99 where smaller, reason why they were pre selected for a future field study.</p>

scholarly journals Feasibility of the Bio-Mobilization of Rare Earth Elements from Bauxite Residual Red Mud

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Sadia Ilyas ◽  
Hyunjung Kim ◽  
Rajiv R. Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Red Mud ◽  
Penicillium Chrysogenum ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mode 2 ◽  
One Step ◽  
Mode 3 ◽  
The One

The present work was conducted to evaluate the bioleaching feasibility of red mud with Penicillium chrysogenum strain KBS3 in the presence of glucose, sawdust, and molasses as a substrate and in various leaching modes. The one-step bioleaching system involved 12 mM citric acid, 2.5 mM oxalic acid, 1.8 mM tartaric acid, and 1162 mM gluconic acid, with glucose as the substrate. The biogenic acid production in the two-step bioleaching system involved 15 mM, 1 mM, 0.5 mM, and 152 mM, respectively, and in the spent-medium bioleaching system, it was 63 mM, 29 mM, 23 mM, and 3 mM, respectively, using glucose as the substrate and a pulp density of 3%. The concomitant bio-mobilization of rare earths investigated under different modes were observed to be: 79% Y, 28% La, and 28% Ce in one-step (mode 1) bioleaching; 63% Y, and 28% both La and Ce in the spent-medium (mode 2) bioleaching; and 67% Y, 20% La, and 15% Ce in a two-step (mode 3) bioleaching. On the other hand, the bio-mobilization of rare eaths with molasses as the substrate was found to be: 57% Y, 13.5% La, and 12.7% Ce in mode 4 bioleaching; 57% Y, 14% La, and 12% Ce in mode 5 bioleaching; and 49% Y, 6.3% La, and 2.9% Ce in mode 6 bioleaching of the red mud. Insignificant results were observed using sawdust as the substrate.

scholarly journals The effect of Hydrogen Peroxide on the viability of Beauveria bassiana and their ability for radial growth on Chitin Agar

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Hussein Magtoff Diwan ◽  
Husein Neayma Keshmer ◽  
Majed Ibrahim Abdela ◽  
Belasim Ahmed Abas
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Fungal Spores ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The One

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of five concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (50, 100,200,300,400) ppm on the viability of Beauveria bassiana spores after 1,2,3,4 days of exposure at 28 ± 1C° and on the radial growth ability of the fungus on chitin agar medium after 11 days of incubation at 26 ± 1C°.This fungus was also used to control the Date palm dubas Ommatissus lybicus. The results showed that the viability of B. bassiana spores of control (distill water with fungal spores) of a rate ranged between 157 – 257 colony/ petri dish on potato dextrose agar and the rate 257 colony/petri dish was higher than those of other treatments, while the rate 91.7 colony/petri dish at 50ppm concentration of hydrogen peroxide was the best p= 0.05 in comparison with the viability rate of other treatments in which the spores were exposed to highest concentrations of hydrogen peroxide. It was also seen that spores lost their viability after exposure to 400 ppm of hydrogen peroxide. On the other hand, the results showed that the rate of radial growth 3.46cm in control group after 4 days of incubation in comparison with this in the other group was higher. The fungus showed lowest rate of radial growth 0.43cm after one day of incubation p= 0.05, while the one day exposure of spores to each of 50,100 ppm of hydrogen peroxide showed 3.47,3.5cm respectively which were significantly higher p= 0.05 in comparison with other concentrations, improving which the higher concentration the lower activity of fungal degrade chitin.

scholarly journals Virulence of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae on different stages of the pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gamal Omar ◽  
Ahmed Ibrahim ◽  
Khalid Hamadah
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Effect ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Pink Bollworm ◽  
Pectinophora Gossypiella ◽  
The Other ◽  
Toxicity Effect ◽  
Fungal Isolates

Abstract Background The pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella, is the most destructive pests of the cotton plant in Egypt. Due to the several problems of insecticides, the present study was conducted to evaluate the toxicity effect of the entomopathogenic fungi (EPF), Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae, against the different stages of the pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) Results The fungal isolates exhibited a toxic effect against the treated stages, egg, larva, and pupa. According to the obtained data of LC50, B. bassiana was more potent in inducing toxicity than M. anisopliae. However, eggs of P. gossypiella were less susceptible to the EPF than the other stages. Based on total mortality, LC50 was 4.97×1011, 6.03×1012 spores/ml for egg; 8.25×108, 6.03×109 spores/ml for neonate; 2.52×108, 1.29×1010 spores/ml for early 4th instar larvae; and 6.79×108, 8.36×109 spores/ml for pupae after treatment with B. bassiana and M. anisopliae, respectively. Conclusions Entomopathogenic fungi exhibited an activity in inducing mortality against different stages of P. gossypiella.

Evaluación de hongos entomopatógenos para el control biológico del mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 25-38
Author(s):  
Martha Giselle Rivera Pineda ◽  
Sandra Patricia Garzón Lozano ◽  
Luz Inés Villarreal Salazar
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae

En busca de una alternativa de control del mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus en áreas urbanas se desarrolló el proyecto: “Evaluación de microorganismos biocontroladores sobre el mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus” cuyo objetivo fue evaluar la capacidad biocontroladora de diferentes hongos entomopatógenos sobre larvas del mosquito a nivel de laboratorio. Se evaluaron 16 aislamientos de hongos en diferentes concentraciones. Se constataron diferencias en el porcentaje de mortalidad producido en larvas de Cx. quinquefasciatus dependientes del tipo de aislamiento, de la concentración utilizada y del tiempo de exposición. Los aislamientos que presentaron el nivel de mortalidad más alto pertenecen a la especie Metarhizium anisopliae, seguidos por aislamientos de la especie Beauveria bassiana. El aislamiento que presentó el mayor nivel de mortalidad (100%) en menor tiempo de exposición (24 horas) fue Metarhizium anisopliae 99068 en una concentración de 1x106 e/ml. Por lo tanto este aislamiento es recomendado para su evaluación en campo y desarrollo de un producto comercial.

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