scholarly journals Characteristics of Sustainable Bioeconomy in the CEE Macro-region

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 5-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktória Vásáry ◽  
Dorottya Szabó
Keyword(s):  
Triple Helix ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Strategic Research ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Transnational Cooperation ◽  
The Individual

In the coming decades to achieve further progress in sustainable growth of agriculture, aquaculture, forestry and food industry in the CEE countries there is a need to face specific challenges through the lens of bioeconomy, thus by shifting the emphasis to research, innovation and transnational cooperation for knowledge-based development. A shared strategic research and innovation framework that has already been offered by the Central-Eastern European Initiative for Knowledge-based Agriculture, Aquaculture and Forestry in the Bioeconomy, i.e. by the BIOEAST Initiative might enable these countries to work towards the development of a sustainable bioeconomy while effectively joining the European Research Area. The study is aimed at conceptualizing bioeconomy, analysing key socio-economic indicators of the ‘BIOEAST countries’ bioeconomy and describing the implications for policymakers based on the results of the ‘BIOEAST Bioeconomy Capacity Building Survey’. Based on the results of the survey the major findings of the research verify and strengthen the objectives of the BIOEAST Initiative. The individual results of the survey in terms of major bottlenecks in the supply chain, missing elements hindering competitiveness, the opportunities to raise competitiveness and functions of the intervention system led to the conclusion that the creation of sustainable bioeconomy explicitly requires triple-helix stakeholders to find efficient collaboration mechanisms and build synergies.

scholarly journals Identification of the Relationships between Competitive Potential and Competitive Position of the Food Industry in the European Union

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4160
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Łukiewska ◽  
Małgorzata Juchniewicz
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Competitive Position ◽  
Central European ◽  
The Impact

The competitiveness of the food industry, which is among the most important areas in the Central European economy, is a significant and topical research area in economics. The sector is particularly important for long-term sustainable growth in Central European national economies. Its high competitiveness is an important stabiliser in an environment of global economic instability. This study aimed to assess the relationships between elements of competitive potential and the competitive position of the food industry in E.U. countries. The relationships between these categories were examined using econometric models with the use of panel data. The results of the spatial-temporal modelling of the panel data confirmed the significant impact of production potential on the share of exports, profitability and the synthetic competitive position index, the impact of labour productivity on all analysed competitive position ratios, the impact of labour costs on the trade coverage, profitability and overall competitive position and the positive impact of innovation on profitability. It was found that labour productivity was of the greatest importance in building a competitive position. The results of the research can be used by food industry companies and government authorities in creating competitive advantages for the food industry in international markets.

Aspects of Innovation and Technology Transfer in Romania

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-108
Author(s):  
Silvius Stanciu
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Technological Transfer ◽  
Patent License ◽  
Innovation And Technology ◽  
The University

Abstract Technological information, knowledge transfer, research and innovation are factors of success in the contemporary economy. Romania is on the last place in Europe in terms of innovation, and the Romanian regions occupy the last positions the picture of the European innovation at the regional level. The paper presents a presentation of the situation of the innovation in Romania, with aspects concerning the need for innovation of SMEs. Domestic companies need innovation to cope with the European and international competition. The collaboration with the university/research institutes and the patent/license acquisition have a low share, showing the lack of technology transfer and of certain partnerships between the business environment and the research area. The establishment of networks specialized in technological transfer, with government support, can be a solution for the sustainable growth of the national economy.

scholarly journals A Knowledge Based Approach to Support the Conceptual Design of ETO Products

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 2417-2426
Author(s):  
Miriam Nardelli ◽  
Paolo Cicconi ◽  
Andrea Savoretti ◽  
Roberto Raffaeli ◽  
Michele Germani
Keyword(s):  
New Products ◽  
Computational Design ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Cost Evaluation ◽  
Product Configuration ◽  
Design Synthesis ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Request For Proposal ◽  
The Individual

AbstractThe ever-increasing competitiveness, due to the market globalization, has forced the industries to modify their design and production strategies. A key point is the development of products that fulfil the individual customer needs as close as possible. ETO companies manufacture new products according to the customer technical requirements given in the request for proposal.Computational Design Synthesis is the research area focused on activities to automate the design phase in the production of products such ETO structures. In this context, Knowledge Based Engineering applications are usually applied to automate design routines and to implement a multidisciplinary product design. Knowledge should be elicited and formalized, so that it can allow the past cases retrieval and the connection between customer specifications and the product configuration tasks. This paper proposes an approach for the rapid definition of the product structure related to a ETO product, including the early cost evaluation in configurations. The research scope aims at defining a framework to support the knowledge repository, which is the Knowledge Based used to design new products and estimate their costs.

Innovation Management In The Knowledge-Based Society

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-232
Author(s):  
Ioan Moise Achim ◽  
Teodora Popescu ◽  
Manuella Kadar
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Management ◽  
Systemic Approach ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Research Development ◽  
Global Level ◽  
National Innovation Systems ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Innovation Policies

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to offer an insight into innovation management in the knowledge-based society. It sets off by explaining the concept of knowledge-based society and why it bears relevance for the modern world. Next, innovation and related concepts are introduced. Furthermore, a presentation of National Innovation Systems (NIS) is made, their history and role in the understanding of a systemic approach to research, development and innovation at both national and global level. Next, the OECD main guidelines for the elaboration of national innovation policies are presented. Last but not least, an analysis of the current situation of research and innovation in Romania is also included.

Establishing knowledge-based and digital cooperation between small and medium-sized businesses, science and the State through a cluster approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 2089-2110
Author(s):  
A.V. Ivanchenko ◽  
E.S. Mezentseva
Keyword(s):  
Financial Support ◽  
Triple Helix ◽  
The State ◽  
Sverdlovsk Oblast ◽  
Cluster Approach ◽  
Innovation Development ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Cluster Network ◽  
Digital Development

Subject. This article discusses the issues of innovative and digital development of the economy. Objectives. The article aims to justify the benefits of cluster cooperation and networking between different structures. Methods. For the study, we used systems, logical, structural, and comparative analyses, generalization and statistical methods, and the cluster-network and institutional approaches. Results. The article substantiates the role and position of small business in the innovation development of the Sverdlovsk Oblast and identifies trends of innovation and digital advancement. Conclusions. The cluster theory, supplemented with the Triple Helix concept, can be a basis for rationale for effective ways of integrating economic agents. Small innovative business has significant potential for sustainability, but it needs additional financial support from the State.

EUROPEAN RESEARCH AREA: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF INSTITUTIONAL PREREQUISITES AND INTEGRATION APPROACHES FOR UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (Vol 19, No 3 (2020)) ◽  
pp. 456-481
Author(s):  
Viacheslav LIASHENKO ◽  
Iryna PIDORYCHEVA ◽  
Valentyna ANTONIUK
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Research Area ◽  
European Research Area ◽  
European Research ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Industrial Economics ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Innovation Sector ◽  
European Partner ◽  
Innovation Space

The paper is dedicated to the issues of Ukraine’s integration into the European Research Area (ERA) – a single research and innovation space open to the world and based on the internal market, which ensures the free exchange of researchers, scientific knowledge and technology. A comparative analysis of the institutional prerequisites for the creation of a single European research and innovation area has been conducted. The legislative basis of the European integration vector of Ukraine’s development in the science, technology and innovation sector is substantiated, while the flaws in the organisational and institutional support for euro-integrational reforms are identified. The idea and phases of ERA development are considered, the problems of implementing the Roadmap of Ukraine’s integration of into ERA are defined. The main European programs of scientific, technological and innovative cooperation are systematized and Ukraine’s participation in them is analysed. The case of cooperation between the Silesian Technological University «Silesian Polytechnic in Gliwice» and the Institute of Industrial Economics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine is considered as a positive example of establishing collaboration in research and development between Ukrainian and European partner organizations. The authors propose the framework for creating institutional conditions that would ensure proper functioning and cohesion of the scientific, technological and innovative sector of Ukraine, as well as its effective integration to ERA in compliance with the strategic interests of international cooperation.

scholarly journals An intersectional approach to analyse gender productivity and open access: a bibliometric analysis of the Italian National Research Council

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Ruggieri ◽  
Fabrizio Pecoraro ◽  
Daniela Luzi
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Research Council ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Scientific Production ◽  
Italian National Research Council ◽  
European Research ◽  
Research And Innovation

AbstractGender equality and Open Access (OA) are priorities within the European Research Area and cross-cutting issues in European research program H2020. Gender and openness are also key elements of responsible research and innovation. However, despite the common underlying targets of fostering an inclusive, transparent and sustainable research environment, both issues are analysed as independent topics. This paper represents a first exploration of the inter-linkages between gender and OA analysing the scientific production of researchers of the Italian National Research Council under a gender perspective integrated with the different OA publications modes. A bibliometric analysis was carried out for articles published in the period 2016–2018 and retrieved from the Web of Science. Results are presented constantly analysing CNR scientific production in relation to gender, disciplinary fields and OA publication modes. These variables are also used when analysing articles that receive financial support. Our results indicate that gender disparities in scientific production still persist particularly in STEM disciplines, while the gender gap is the closest to parity in medical and agricultural sciences. A positive dynamic toward OA publishing and women’s scientific production is shown when disciplines with well-established open practices are related to articles supported by funds. A slightly higher women’s propensity toward OA is shown when considering Gold OA, or authorships with women in the first and last article by-line position. The prevalence of Italian funded articles with women’s contributions published in Gold OA journals seems to confirm this tendency, especially if considering the weak enforcement of the Italian OA policies.

scholarly journals Cognitive Style, Selectivity, and Reinforcement: Toward Clarifying the Role of Political Ideology in the Reception of Political Communication

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eike Mark Rinke ◽  
Julia Lück
Keyword(s):  
Political Communication ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Selective Exposure ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Communication Effects ◽  
Perceptions And Attitudes ◽  
Political Perceptions ◽  
The Individual

This essay examines the importance of political ideology for the occurrence of political communication effects on the individual level. It is a common assumption in this research area that people tend to be selective about the political information they expose themselves to and also to selectively process it. Selective exposure and selective perception processes are mainly based on the dominant political orientation of the recipient, which usually leads to a reinforcement of preexisting political perceptions and attitudes. We review recent research on selective exposure and perceptions and argue for greater involvement of findings in social psychology regarding differences in cognitive styles that underlie individual policy orientations and justify why and how these findings can promote the study of partisan selectivity in the reception of political communication. We conclude by highlighting theoretical and methodological perspectives arising from the proposed extension of research on selectivity in the process of receiving political communication. [Publication of this chapter in the public domain courtesy of Frank & Timme publishers. Publisher website: http://www.frank-timme.de/verlag/verlagsprogramm/buch/verlagsprogramm/kathrin-mokmichael-stahl-hg-politische-kommunikation-heute/]

scholarly journals Multicriterial analysis of the accessibility of public transport stops in Cracow

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 32-41
Author(s):  
Martin Bárta ◽  
Tomas Masopust
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Multicriteria Analysis ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Transport Accessibility ◽  
Synthetic Accessibility ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The City

This study deals with the synthesis of selected attributes of public transport accessibility. The aim is to present a new method of multi-criteria analysis. As the research area, the city of Cracow has been chosen. The GTFS (General Transit Feed Specification) system has been used to obtain traffic data for buses and trams within the city‘s transport company (MPK Krakow). The analysis itself consists of 4 main accessibility indicators (walking time to each stop, number of lines, directions, and connections from each stop). The problem of exceeding the stops accessibility beyond the administrative border of Cracow has been solved by using a 500 m wide buffer zone around the city. To connect the individual layers of indicators into a multicriteria analysis, the Voronoi diagram function has been applied. The results of the method are presented in the form of synthetic maps of transport accessibility for each bus and tram stop in Cracow. Together with the synthetic accessibility maps, an index of a stop importance has been created as well, which consists of the sum of the mean percentages from 3 indicators (number of lines, directions, connections). The synthetic method used and acquired detailed values not only for the city of Cracow as a whole, but also its individual parts make it possible to provide a comprehensive picture of accessibility by public transport. This multicriteria analysis can also be extended for a comparative study of selected cities.

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