scholarly journals Current state of bacterioplankton in Northern Caspian

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (4) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Svetlana Aleksandrovna Dyakova ◽  
Olga Borisovna Soprunova ◽  
Ecatherina Rafaelevna Galyautdinova ◽  
Anna Vitalievna Menkova ◽  
Dinara Gaidarovna Baubekova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Total Abundance ◽  
The North ◽  
Current State ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Simultaneous Decrease ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Research Period ◽  
Number Of Bacteria

Microbiological monitoring of the Northern Caspian proved that for the research period in 2013-2018 the average annual value of the total number of bacteria (TBN) was 1.35 million cells/ml. The TBN maximum value (1.46 million cells/ml) was recorded in 2013, the minimum (1.19 million cells/ml) - in 2014. Concentration of saprotrophic bacteria in the waters of the Northern Caspian during the research period varied from 50.94 thousand CFU/ml in 2013 to 1.66 thousand CFU/ml in 2014. The concentration of saprotrophic bacteria remained practically unchanged within 2014-2018. The values of the ratio of the total abundance of microorganisms and saprotrophic bacteria show the eutrophication of the waters of the North Caspian in 2013 and in 2016, in other periods the water quality corresponded to the readings of an oligotrophic reservoir. The maximum number of oil-oxidizing bacteria (OOB) (8.28 thousand CFU/ml) in the waters of the Northern Caspian was recorded in 2013, the minimum (0.21 thousand CFU/ml) - in 2014. Starting from 2015 there was recorded an increasing number of OOBs and its stabilization until the end of the research period. The ratio of NOB and saprotrophs in water varied from 16.47 to 52.47%. Analysis of microbiological and hydrological-hydrochemical indicators revealed positive correlations of TBN and annual runoff (r = + 0.77), TBN and the content of mineral forms of nitrogen (r = + 0.60), the number of saprotrophic bacteria and nitrogen (r = + 0.83), the amount of NOB and mineral nitrogen and silicon (r = + 0.81). In the long-term aspect, an improvement in the microbiological situation was recorded against the background of a growing total number of bacterioplankton under a simultaneous decrease in the number of saprotrophic and oil-oxidizing bacteria.

CURRENT STATE AND DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVES OF THE CASPIAN SPRAT FISHERIES

2018 ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
Tatiana Vasilievna Pomogaeva ◽  
Aliya Ahmetovna Aseinova ◽  
Yuriy Aleksandrovich Paritskiy ◽  
Vjacheslav Petrovich Razinkov
Keyword(s):  
Food Item ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
North West ◽  
Marine Fishery ◽  
The North ◽  
Current State ◽  
West Part ◽  
Eggs And Larvae ◽  
Intensive Growth

The article presents annual statistical data of the Caspian Research Institute of Fishery. There has been kept track of the long term dynamics of the stocks of three species of Caspian sprat (anchovy, big-eyed kilka, sprat) and investigated a process of substituting a food item of sprats Eurytemora grimmi to a small-celled copepod species Acartia tonsa Dana. According to the research results, there has been determined growth potential of stocks of each species. Ctenophoran-Mnemiopsis has an adverse effect on sprat population by eating fish eggs and larvae. Ctenophoram - Mnemiopsis is a nutritional competitor to the full-grown fishes. The article gives recommendations on reclamation of stocks of the most perspective species - common sprat, whose biological characteristics helped not to suffer during Ctenophoram outburst and to increase its population during change of the main food item. Hydroacoustic survey data prove the intensive growth of common sprat biomass in the north-west part of the Middle Caspian. According to the results of the research it may be concluded that to realize the volumes of recommended sprat catch it is necessary to organize the marine fishery of common sprat at the Russian Middle Caspian shelf.

Field-scale variability of soil test phosphorus and other nutrients in grasslands under long-term agricultural managements

Soil Research ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weijun Fu ◽  
Keli Zhao ◽  
Peikun Jiang ◽  
Zhengqian Ye ◽  
Hubert Tunney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Poultry Litter ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Statistical Correlation ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Field Scale ◽  
The North ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Soil Test Phosphorus

Field-scale variation of soil nutrients in grassland is becoming important because of the use of soil-nutrient information as a basis for policies such as the recently introduced EU Nitrates Directive. This study investigates the field-scale variability of soil-test phosphorus (STP) and other nutrients in two grasslands with a long-term history of poultry litter application. Two fields (field 1 for silage and field 2 for grazing pasture) were selected, and soil samples were collected based on 12 m by 12 m (field 1) and 15 m by 15 m (field 2) grids. Data were analysed using conventional statistics, geostatistics, and a geographic information system (GIS). In field 1, STP values ranged from 12.4 to 90 mg L–1 (average 38.5 mg L–1). In field 2, STP values ranged from 4.3 to 130.0 mg L–1 (average 21.4 mg L–1). Attention should be paid to long-term poultry application, as the average STP values in both fields were much greater than the recommended agronomic optimum STP status in Ireland of 8 mg L–1. Coefficient of variation values of soil nutrients in field 2 were much higher than those in field 1. Log-transformation and Box–Cox transformation were applied to achieve normality. Statistically significant (P < 0.01), positive correlations between P and other nutrients were found in both fields. Exponential and spherical models were fitted to the experimental variograms of STP in fields 1 and 2, respectively. Compared with the counterparts in field 1, soil nutrients in field 2 had larger ‘nugget-to-sill’ values, revealing that sheep grazing could weaken the spatial auto-correlation of soil nutrients. A grid of 60 m by 60 m was recommended for soil sampling in grassland, based on this study. High STP concentrations in field 1 were in the north-eastern side, which was related to uneven poultry litter application. Strong spatial similarity of low STP, magnesium, and pH values in their spatial distribution were found in field 2, confirming their strong statistical correlation.

scholarly journals STATE OF FISHERIES IN SOUTH REGION OF VOLGO-CASPIAN FISHERIES BASIN

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-17
Author(s):  
Pavel Aleksandrovich Balykin ◽  
Raisa Pavlovna Khodorevskaya
Keyword(s):  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Volga River ◽  
Total Allowable Catch ◽  
Fish Resources ◽  
The North ◽  
Current State ◽  
Pike Perch ◽  
North Western

The paper presents the generalized materials on the current state of fisheries in the Northern part of the Caspian Sea (southern region of the Volga-Caspian fisheries basin). It is shown that catches in the North-Western and Tersk-Caspian subdistricts varied in the opposite way: an increase in production in one subdistrict was accompanied by a decrease in the other. The decreasing or increasing catches is due to semi-anadromous (roach, brim, zander, carp) and freshwaterfish species (cat-fish, pike-perch, small size ordinary fish). There have been found the significant relationships between the size of catches in the North-Western and Tersk-Caspian subdistricts with the annual runoff and the volume of spring flooding of the Volga river, which allows to conclude that fish resources are redistributed between these regions depending on the natural conditions of a particular year. In order to more fully develop the fish resources of the southern region of the Volga-Caspian fisheries basin, it is recommended to abandon the division of quotas into parts for the North-Western and Tersk-Caspian subdistricts and to allow the fishing organizations to work at the expense of the total allowable catch

scholarly journals Children's Perception of Wolverine in the North Slave Region of the Northwest Territories, Canada

ARCTIC ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-244
Author(s):  
Morgane Bonamy ◽  
Andrew B. Harbicht ◽  
Thora Martina Herrmann
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Northwest Territories ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Public Outreach ◽  
Outreach Programs ◽  
The North ◽  
Current State ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Areas Of Concern

The public’s level of knowledge and opinions towards certain species can greatly impact their willingness to support present or future conservation or management programs. When public opinion is mixed, as is often the case with wild carnivores, an accurate assessment of perceptions and knowledge can identify areas of concern and help guide public outreach efforts. When such outreach programs focus on children they can be particularly effective for two reasons: 1) the opinions of children towards wild animals are often more flexible than the ingrained beliefs of adults, and 2) it is the younger generation that will be called upon to support long-term conservation efforts in the future. To assess the degree of knowledge and the current state of opinion among children towards a little known and often negatively perceived Arctic species, the wolverine (Gulo gulo), we conducted surveys with school children between the ages of 8 – 12 years old in seven schools within the North Slave Region of the Northwest Territories. Results from 151 completed surveys confirm that the majority of children lack general knowledge about this species, though the overall level of knowledge was higher in small, rural communities than the larger capital city of Yellowknife. Negative values were among the most commonly expressed values we observed, but so too was an appreciation for the ecological role that wolverines play in nature. The results of this study can be used to implement new educational programs aimed at increasing the overall level of acceptance of the wolverine and similar carnivores, and to encourage the public’s willingness to support conservation efforts for this often negatively perceived species.

Role and policies of presidents in the union of the two Korean states

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 117-124
Author(s):  
A.M. Zhandossova ◽  
◽  
Sh.M. Zhandossova ◽  
М.М. Nurov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The South ◽  
Short Term ◽  
National Community ◽  
The North ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This article examines the relationship of the two Korean states to unification, as well as the policies and various programs of the presidents who ruled the country after the separation. The authors characterized inter-Korean relations as «a history of long-term conflicts and short-term cooperation». The history of post-party relations between the North and the South is also studied, the need for a national community, the current state of the integration environment and how the peaceful reunification of the two countries will take place.

scholarly journals Spatial‑temporal variability of water balance components in the North area of the Zailiisky Alatau Range

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. G. Konovalov ◽  
N. V. Pimankina
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Northern Slope ◽  
Ice Melting ◽  
Water Balance Components ◽  
The North ◽  
Melted Snow ◽  
Glacier Runoff ◽  
Glacial Runoff

Analysis of changes in WB components (precipitation, evaporation, glacier runoff, dynamical water resources) on the Northern slope of the Zailiisky Alatau was performed for the 1946–2005 time divided into two periods: 1946–1975 and 1976–2005. The territory under investigation included basins of the following rivers: Bolshaya Almatinka, Malaya Almatinka, Talgar, Turgen, Issyk, Chemolgan, Kaskelen, Kargalinka, Prohodnaya, and Uzunkargaly. Their total area down to the closing gauge points amounts to 2644 km2. Summarized glacier areas in these basins and annual runoff were equal, respectively, to: 306.6 km2 and 39.05 km3in 1946–1975, and 253.0 km2 and 38.35 km3 in 1975–2005. In 1946–2005, typical features of regional glaciation dynamics were increasing area of the moraine cover on glaciers and reducing area of bare ice that results in decreasing of the glacial runoff volume, all other factors being the same. The method to calculate the WB components consists of the following constituents: model of seasonal runoff from melted snow and ice in the areas of accumulation and ablation of glaciers; complex of formulas to calculate precipitation, air temperature and humidity, intensity of ice melting under the moraine, bare ice and evaporation within the height intervals corresponding to the main types of surfaces on the glaciers. On the basis of our method, we could reconstruct for the 1876–2015 period long‑term series of data on a runoff, separately annual values and sums for the vegetation periods. They can be used for regional scientific and applied analyses of the river stream discharges. The data on runoff in the Malaya Almatinka River basin and observational data on the meteorological station Almaty (Hydrometeorological Observatory) had been quantitatively substantiated as the representative information for modeling and calculation of water resources on the Northern slope of the Zailiisky Alatau Range.

scholarly journals History and status of sturgeon stock (Acipenseridae) in the Caspian pool

Vestnik MGTU ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-114
Author(s):  
A. D. Vlasenko ◽  
T. I. Bulgakova ◽  
I. N. Lepilina ◽  
I. V. Konopleva ◽  
I. A. Safaraliev
Keyword(s):  
River Flow ◽  
Agricultural Runoff ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Volga River ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
Ecological Adaptability ◽  
The North ◽  
Current State ◽  
Natural Reproduction

Analysis of materials from long-term studies characterizing the current state of sturgeon stocks in the Volga-Caspian fisheries basin, and the dynamics of commercial catches of beluga, sturgeon and stellate sturgeon in the XX - XXI centuries indicates that the Northern Caspian occupies the leading value in catch volumes, where more than 70 % of sturgeon fish are annually harvested. In the first half of the twentieth century sturgeon stocks were determined by the scale of natural reproduction in rivers and fishing volumes; in the second half, natural and anthropogenic factors began to intensively influence the formation of sturgeon stocks. The development of hydraulic construction on rivers, an increase in the withdrawal of freshwater runoff, a decrease in sea level to -29.0 mBS, pollution by industrial and agricultural runoff have necessitated the development of a set of measures for the reproduction, conservation and rational use of the Caspian’s aquatic biological resources. As a result of the studies, the response of the sturgeons to the changed conditions of reproduction has been determined in order to restore and increase their commercial stocks; high ecological adaptability of sturgeons to various living conditions within their range, their exceptional plasticity and pronounced intraspecific differentiation have been established. These indicators point to the possibility of creating conditions that meet the requirements for water quality for the life of sturgeons during migration and reproduction. In the course of the analysis of the obtained data, the influence of regulation of the Volga River flow on the efficiency of natural reproduction of sturgeons has been evaluated; the role of industrial sturgeon breeding in sturgeon stock formation has been shown; the abundance of juveniles in the North Caspian and adult individuals on feeding pastures of the sea has been estimated; trends in the number of sturgeon producers migrating in the Volga to spawning sites have been identified; the prospects for the restoration and rational use of sturgeons in the Volga-Caspian basin have been determined.

PLANKTONIC COMMUNITY IN WATERBODIES OF THE KHARANORSKAYA SDPP: CURRENT STATE AND DINAMICS

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-65
Author(s):  
E. Afonina ◽  
N. Tashlykova
Keyword(s):  
Cooling System ◽  
Pond Water ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Total Abundance ◽  
Cooling Pond ◽  
Green Algal ◽  
Current State ◽  
Reser Voirs ◽  
Planktonic Community

This paper presents the results of studies of phyto- and zoop-lankton communities in reser-voirs of the Kharanorskaya SDPP cooling system (cooling pond, water supply and drai-nage channels), conducted in April, July and October of 2019. Long-term changes in the diversity and structure of planktonic associations during 1995–2019 are analyzed. A total of 141 taxa of algae ranked below the genus level and 52 taxa of invertebrates are identified in plankton. The phytoplankton total abundance and total biomass changed from 20 to 742×103 cells/l and from 65 to 711 mg/m3; zooplankton, from 7 to 212×103 ind./m3 and from 0.01 to 2.7 g/m3. The greatest abundance of algae was observed in summer and autumn, invertabrates – in spring and summer. Long-term observations of planktonic biocenoses show an increase in the species richness of diatoms and rotifers and a decrease in green algal and chrysophyts. Also there is a tendency towards a decrease in the phyto- and zooplankton total abundance as the abundance of cyanophytes, green algal, rotifers and cladocerans increases.

scholarly journals Long-term dynamics and current state of yellowfin sole Limanda aspera stocks in the waters of Sakhalin Island

2014 ◽  
Vol 178 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-57
Author(s):  
Alexander O. Zolotov ◽  
Alexander V. Smirnov ◽  
Lev N. Baranchuk-Chervonny ◽  
Anna Yu. Dubinina
Keyword(s):  
Bering Sea ◽  
Sakhalin Island ◽  
Secondary Importance ◽  
The North ◽  
Current State ◽  
Large Populations ◽  
Yellowfin Sole ◽  
Limanda Aspera ◽  
The North Pacific

Commercial stocks of two yellowfin sole populations on the western and eastern shelves of Sakhalin Island are assessed by VPA method using the data on their size-age structure and fishery statistics for 1950-2013. Results of the assessment are compared with the data of bottom trawl surveys conducted in 2000-2013. The yellowfin sole at Sakhalin Island had two periods of high abundance: in the 1950-1960s and in the 1985-1995, but its stocks decreased in the 1970-1980 and after the middle 1990s. This dynamics is similar to the dynamics of other large populations of yellowfin sole in the North Pacific - in the southeastern and western Bering Sea and on the shelf of West Kamchatka. All these changes are caused by natural reasons; fishery has secondary importance and affects on the populations in times of low stock only.

Long-term Cyclic Variations of Prominences, Green and Red Coronae over Solar Cycles

2000 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 201-204
Author(s):  
Vojtech Rušin ◽  
Milan Minarovjech ◽  
Milan Rybanský
Keyword(s):  
Emission Lines ◽  
High Latitudes ◽  
Green Line ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
The South ◽  
Coronal Emission ◽  
Local Maxima ◽  
The North ◽  
Cyclic Variations

AbstractLong-term cyclic variations in the distribution of prominences and intensities of green (530.3 nm) and red (637.4 nm) coronal emission lines over solar cycles 18–23 are presented. Polar prominence branches will reach the poles at different epochs in cycle 23: the north branch at the beginning in 2002 and the south branch a year later (2003), respectively. The local maxima of intensities in the green line show both poleward- and equatorward-migrating branches. The poleward branches will reach the poles around cycle maxima like prominences, while the equatorward branches show a duration of 18 years and will end in cycle minima (2007). The red corona shows mostly equatorward branches. The possibility that these branches begin to develop at high latitudes in the preceding cycles cannot be excluded.

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