scholarly journals Study of The Use of Composite Flour Waste of Bean Sprouts Skin with Ganyong Flour (Canna edulis Kre.) Against The Characteristics of Probiotic Biscuit

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Florentina Dwi Putri ◽  
Indira Lanti Kayaputri ◽  
Heni Radiani Arifin
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Composite Flour ◽  
Green Beans ◽  
Culture Form ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Random Block Design ◽  
Bean Sprouts

The skin of bean sprouts is a waste in the process of green beans into sprouts, while ganyong is a typical local tuber of west java which is very rarly used. Waste of bean sprouts has high fiber and protein content, while ganyong has high carb content. Both raw materials have potential to be processed into a probiotics biscuit products. Biscuit probiotics is a biscuit that has a probiotic content that is instrumental in human body digestion. This research aims to set the offset of composite waste skin of bean sprouts and ganyong flour with good characteristic and liked by the panelist. Research method are conduct experimental by using random block design continued with Duncan test. The treatment used is a variety of formula waste skin of bean sprouts flour (TLKT) : ganyong flour (TG : flour (TT); (P1) 20%:60%:20%, (P2) 30%:50%:20%, (P3) 40%:40%:20% against the total weight of biscuit probiotics dough. The source of probiotic is obtained from adding freeze dried culture in mother culture form. Probiotic biscuits’ organoleptic characteristic were testing through hedonic test by 15 semi-trained panelist. Research results shows the difference of those TLKT and TG gives a real different influence against taste, but give not real different against color, aroma, visibility, texture, after taste of probiotic biscuit. Probiotic biscuit formula P2 (30% TLKT:50% TG) selected as the best treatment also liked a bit by the panelist. Keywords: freeze dried, ganyong flour, probiotic biscuit, skin waste of bean sprouts flour

scholarly journals Sifat fisik makanan padat (foodbar) berbasis tepung komoditas lokal

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Anni Nuraisyah
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Content Volume ◽  
Composite Flour ◽  
Potato Flour ◽  
Sweet Potatoes ◽  
Green Beans ◽  
Bean Flour ◽  
Sweet Potato Flour

Consumption of fast food continuously can be detrimental to human health. An effective solution is to make innovative food that is able to meet the adequacy of nutrition, one of which is foodbar. The raw materials used in the manufacture of foodbar come from local commodities which are flourished, including sweet potatoes, green beans and Moringa and added porang to unite the three ingredients. Yellow sweet potato flour contains 77.7% carbohydrates with high digestibility (98%), while Moringa leaf flour contains 27.1 grams / 100 grams protein. Mung bean flour is used as a flavoring agent, while porang flour which is rich in glucomannan acts as a binder agent to produce foodbar products that are not easily destroyed. The treatment in this study used two factors, namely the composition of the composite flour and the composition of the addition of porang. Observations made include physical properties including water content, volume expansion, kamba density and texture of the foodbar. The best treatment on the foodbar was the combination treatment of 100 grams of yellow sweet potato flour (40 grams) green bean flour (60 grams) moringa leaf flour and (4%) porang (P3T1).

Pemanfaatan Tepung Mocaf dengan Subtitusi Tepung Terigu pada Pembuatan Nugget Jamur Merang (Volvariella volvaceae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-309
Author(s):  
Zul Fahmi ◽  
Syarifah Rohaya ◽  
Rasdiansyah Rasdiansyah
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Wheat Flour ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Fiber Content ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
High Fiber

Abstrak.  Nugget merupakan salah satu produk yang sangat digemariaoleh masyarakat baik dari kalangan dewasa hingga anak – anak. Nugget yang beredar di pasaran saat ini adalah nugget ayam ataupun ikan dan dari produk hewani lain yang mempunyaiakadar lemak tinggi namun kadar serat rendah, sehingga kurang baik bagi kesehatan. Nugget memiliki kandungan kadar serat tinggi, kadar lemak rendah dan protein tinggi, sehingga perlu adanya inovasi baru terhadap bahan baku pengganti daging ayam atau sapi yang memiliki kadar lemak rendah dan seratnya tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk memanfaatkan jamur merang sebagai bahan penambahan dalam pembuatan nugget yang tinggi serat dan protein serta menentukan formulasi terbaik dari tepung mocaf sebagai bahan pengganti tepung terigu. Metode rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial yang terdiri atas 2 (dua) faktor yaitu penambahan Jamur (J) (J1=200 gram dan J2=100 gram) dengan rasio tepung mocaf dan terigu (M) (M1= 50 : 50, M2= 75 : 25, M3= 100 : 0) dengan 3 kali ulangan sehingga terdapat 18 satuan percobaan. Analisis yang dilakukan terhadap nugget jamur kadar air, kadar protein, kadar serat dan kadar abu. Kemudian dilanjutkan dengan analisis sensori berupa uji hedonik dan uji deskriptif terhadap warna, tekstur, aroma dan rasa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan jamur dengan rasio mocaf dan terigu berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap kadar air, kadar protein, kadar abu, dan berpengaruh nyata terhadap kadar serat. Perlakuan penambahan jamur dengan rasio mocaf dan terigu serta interaksi keduanya memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap kadar serat.  Abstract. Nugget is a very popular product among children to adults. The nuggets that is already comercial on the market are chicken and fish nuggets or from other animal that contain high fat but low fiber, so it is not good for health. Nugget has high fiber content, low fat content and high protein content, so there needs to be aninnovations to subtitues the raw materials which is chicken or beef that has low fat content and high fiber. The purpose of this research is to utilize the mushroom as an addition ingredient in making high-fiber and high protein nuggets and determine the best formulations of mocaf flour as a substitute for wheat flour. This research analyzed by using factorial Randomized Block Design (RAK. Factors used in this research are the Addition of Mushrooms (J) (J1 = 200 grams and J2 = 100 grams) and the Ratio of Mocaf Flour and Wheat Flour (M) (M1 = 50 : 50, M2 = 75: 25, M3 = 100: 0) with 3 replications so that there are 18 experimental units. The analysis from mushroom nugget are water content, protein content, fiber conten, ash content and sensory analysis of hedonic and descriptive test of color, texture, aroma and taste. The results showed that the addition of mushrooms with mocaf and wheat flour ratio had a very significant effect on moisture content, protein content, ash content, and significantly affected fiber content. The treatment of the addition of mushrooms with the ratio of mocaf and flour as well as thmushroome interaction of both gave a significant effect on fiber content.

scholarly journals Effect of planting density on green ear yield of maize cultivars bred in different periods

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Sérgio L e Silva ◽  
Severino R Duarte ◽  
Fábio Henrique T de Oliveira ◽  
Júlio César do V Silva
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Maize Cultivars ◽  
Average Maximum ◽  
Random Block ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Random Block Design

Corn cultivation in the Northeast region of Brazil is characterized by a great diversity of production systems, ranging from large companies (modern cultivars and relatively high planting densities) to small farms (family agriculture, traditional cultivars, and low planting densities). In the present work we evaluated the effects of planting density (30; 40; 50; 60; or 70 thousand plants ha-1 - TPH) on green ear yield of cultivars Centralmex (traditional) and AG 510 (hybrid). Different densities were achieved by maintaining 1.0 m between rows and varying the spacing between pits, within the row. Cultivars and planting densities were combined in a factorial scheme, arranged in a random block design with four replicates and four 6 m long row plots. The number of green ears increased with density in both cultivars, but in a significantly more intense pace in cultivar AG 510. Cultivar AG-510 (14.9 t ha-1 on average, maximum yield at 58 TPH) yielded significantly more unhusked green ears than cultivar Centralmex (13.6 t ha-1 on average, maximum at 61 TPH). Marketable green ear yield increased with density in both cultivars, but more intensively in cultivar AG 510, which significantly out yielded cultivar Centralmex from 43 TPH ahead. The difference between cultivars at the planting density of 70 TPH was 14.4 t ha-1. There was no response of cultivar Centralmex in number of marketable husked green ears, while cultivar AG 510 increased yield with planting density. The difference between both cultivars started being significant at 38 TPH. Husked ear length decreased linearly and similarly in both cultivars as planting density increased. Planting density did not influence plant and ear height, and cultivar Centralmex was superior in both characteristics at all planting densities. There was no effect of cultivars on stalk diameter and root system biomass. Both characteristics decreased linearly as planting density increased.

Problems of ensuring metrological traceability of measurement results of indicators of quality for food products and food raw materials

2020 ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
Mariya Y. Medvedevskikh ◽  
Anna S. Sergeeva
Keyword(s):  
Reference Materials ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Metrological Traceability ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Measurement Results

The article raises the problem of ensuring metrological traceability of the measurement results of indicators of quality and nutritional value for food products and food raw materials: water (moisture), nitrogen (protein, crude protein), fat, ash and carbohydrates. The problem under consideration can be solved by applying reference materials of food composition, traceable to state primary measurement standards GET 173-2017 and GET 176-2019 and primary reference measurement procedures (PRMP), for attestation of measurement procedures and accuracy checking of measurement results. The article discusses the results of the PRMP development of mass fraction of fat, ash and carbohydrates in food products and food raw materials, as well as mass fraction of crude fat (oil content) in oil crops seeds and products based on them. The paper also presents metrological characteristics of reference materials of composition of dry dairy products, grain-milk dry porridges for nutrition of babies, grain dry porridges for nutrition of babies, egg powder, freeze-dried meat products, animal feed. The results of the work allow for building a chain of metrological traceability from GET 173-2017, GET 176-2019 and PRMP to routine measurement procedures, thereby ensuring the uniformity of measurements of nutritional value of food products.

SELISIH BIAYA PRODUKSI SEBAGAI ALAT PENGENDALIAN MANAJEMEN PT INDO PUSAKA BERAU

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (02) ◽  
pp. 397
Author(s):  
SAFITRI NURHIDAYATI ◽  
RIZKI AMELYA SYAM
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Analytical Tool ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Material Costs ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Cost

This study aims to analyze whether the difference that occurs in the cost of raw materials, direct labor, and factory overhead costs between the standard costs and the actual costs in PLTU LATI is a difference that is favorable or unfavorable. Data collection techniques with field research and library research. The analytical tool used is the analysis of the difference in raw material costs, the difference in direct labor costs and the difference in factory overhead costs. The hypothesis in this study is that the difference allegedly occurs in the cost of raw materials, direct labor costs, and factory overhead costs at PT Indo Pusaka Berau Tanjung Redeb is a favorable difference. The results showed that the difference in the cost of producing MWh electricity at PT Indo Pusaka Berau Tanjung Redeb in 2018, namely the difference in the price of raw material costs Rp. 548,029.80, - is favorable, the difference in quantity of raw materials is Rp. 957,216,602, - is (favorable) , the difference in direct labor costs Rp 2,602,642,084, - is (unfavorable), and the difference in factory overhead costs Rp 8,807,051,422, - is (favorable) This shows that the difference in the overall production cost budget is favorable or profitable. This beneficial difference shows that the company is really able to reduce production costs optimally in 2018.  

scholarly journals Increasing selection gain and accuracy of harvest prediction models in Jatropha through genome-wide selection

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano dos Santos ◽  
Erina Vitório Rodrigues ◽  
Bruno Galvêas Laviola ◽  
Larissa Pereira Ribeiro Teodoro ◽  
Paulo Eduardo Teodoro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Models ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Phenotypic Selection ◽  
Breeding Population ◽  
Breeding Cycle ◽  
Selection Cycle ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Random Block ◽  
Random Block Design ◽  
Number Of Individuals

AbstractGenome-wide selection (GWS) has been becoming an essential tool in the genetic breeding of long-life species, as it increases the gain per time unit. This study had a hypothesis that GWS is a tool that can decrease the breeding cycle in Jatropha. Our objective was to compare GWS with phenotypic selection in terms of accuracy and efficiency over three harvests. Models were developed throughout the harvests to evaluate their applicability in predicting genetic values in later harvests. For this purpose, 386 individuals of the breeding population obtained from crossings between 42 parents were evaluated. The population was evaluated in random block design, with six replicates over three harvests. The genetic effects of markers were predicted in the population using 811 SNP's markers with call rate = 95% and minor allele frequency (MAF) > 4%. GWS enables gains of 108 to 346% over the phenotypic selection, with a 50% reduction in the selection cycle. This technique has potential for the Jatropha breeding since it allows the accurate obtaining of GEBV and higher efficiency compared to the phenotypic selection by reducing the time necessary to complete the selection cycle. In order to apply GWS in the first harvests, a large number of individuals in the breeding population are needed. In the case of few individuals in the population, it is recommended to perform a larger number of harvests.

Synthesis of Polyurethane Dendrimers and Transfer Properties of Dye

2013 ◽  
Vol 457-458 ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
Jing Ru Jia
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Orange ◽  
Phase Transfer ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Toluene Diisocyanate ◽  
Polymerization Process ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Addition Polymerization ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Transfer Properties

The polyfunctional organic compounds 2- hydroxymethyl -1,4- butanediol (trihydric alcohol) and toluene diisocyanate -2, 4- diisocyanate (TDI) were taken as the raw materials in this study. A polyurethane dendrimer was synthesized by utilizing the difference in the reaction activity of two isocyanate groups of TDI at different temperatures. The polymerization process conditions were studied. The addition polymerization of para-position NCO groups occurred at 50 °C, and that of ortho NCO groups occurred at 90 °C. According to the structure of the dendrimer synthesized, methyl orange was used as the guest molecule. Consequently, the aqueous methyl orange showed a phase transfer. With the increase of dendrimer concentration, the transfer rate of methyl orange increased.

scholarly journals Characterization of the effects of macronutrient deficiencies in mangabeira seedlings

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 1235-1244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Layara Alexandre Bessa ◽  
Fabiano Guimarães Silva ◽  
Marialva Alvarenga Moreira ◽  
João Paulo Ribeiro Teodoro ◽  
Frederico Antônio Loureiro Soares
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Morphological Alterations ◽  
Federal Institute ◽  
Random Block ◽  
Random Block Design ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Hancornia Speciosa

Knowledge of the mineral nutrition requirements of mangabeira (Hancornia speciosa Gomes) is relatively scarce and rudimentary because there is a lack of consistent data concerning its nutritional demands at different developmental stages. The aim of this research was to characterize the visual symptoms of macronutrient deficiencies and to evaluate the effects of these deficiencies on the growth, the production of dry matter, and the leaf content of mangabeira. To achieve this goal, a greenhouse experiment was conducted at the Goiano Federal Institute (Instituto Federal Goiano) in Rio Verde - GO, from January to June 2011 in which mangabeira plants were arranged in a random block design and grown in nutrient solutions. This experiment was replicated four times. The plants were treated with either a complete nutrient solution or a nutrient solution from which the individual macronutrient of interest (nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), or sulfur (S) had been omitted. The omission of a macronutrient from the nutrient solution resulted in morphological alterations that were characteristic symptoms of the particular nutritional deficiency and caused decreases in growth and dry matter mass production. The accumulation of macronutrients displayed the following order in mangabeira leaves: N>K>Ca>P>S>Mg.

scholarly journals Estimates of genetic gains for growth traits in young plants of Eucalyptus urophylla S. T. Blake

CERNE ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thais Galhardo Godoy ◽  
Sebastião Carlos da Silva Rosado
Keyword(s):  
Quality Index ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genetic Gains ◽  
Random Block ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Random Block Design ◽  
Root Collar ◽  
Dickson Quality Index

The objective of this study was the selection of superior genotypes for growth traits, correlating them to initial height growth in the field, at age eight months. A random block design was used in the nursery, with eight clones, three replicates and four plants per plot. And a random block design was also used in the field, with eight clones, four replicate blocks and nine plants per plot. Data being analyzed in the nursery at age 120 days included: height of field seedling, at age eight months (Hc), height of nursery seedling (Hm), root collar diameter (Dc), shoot diameter (Db), shoot dry matter (PMSPA), root dry matter (PMSR), total dry matter (PMST), ratio of shoot dry matter to root dry matter (PMSPA/PMSR), Dickson quality index of root collar diameter (IQD-Dc), Dickson quality index of shoot diameter (IQD-Db). Analyses of variance showed that significant genetic differences exist among clones for all traits and, given the high heritability values found, the estimated genetic gains were generically very high. As for predicted indirect genetic gain, selection in nursery seedlings for Dc, PMSPA/PMSR, IQD-Dc provided the highest values of indirect gain in field seedling height.

scholarly journals Coffee hull in the diet of dairy heifers: nitrogen balance and microbial protein synthesis

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 1141-1145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Lima de Souza ◽  
Rasmo Garcia ◽  
Luciano da Silva Cabral ◽  
Mara Lúcia Albuquerque Pereira ◽  
Rilene Ferreira Diniz Valadares
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nitrogen Excretion ◽  
Microbial Protein ◽  
Purine Derivative ◽  
Microbial Protein Synthesis ◽  
Random Block ◽  
Random Block Design

It was evaluated nitrogen compounds and microbial protein synthesis in heifers fed diets containing coffee hulls (0.0; 8.75; 17.25; and 26.25% of dry matter) replacing ground corn concentrate at the following levels of coffee hulls in the total diet dry matter: 0.0, 3.5, 7.0 or 10.5%. It was used 24 crossbreed heifers (7/8, 15/16 and 31/32 Holstein-Zebu), which were distributed in a random block design made up accordingly to the weight of the animals. Spot samples of urine were colleted aproximatelly four hours after morning feeding and were used to estimate microbial protein synthesis by using urine purine derivatives. It was not observed effect of coffee hull levels in the diet on total nitrogen intake (160 g/day) and nitrogen excretion in the urine (87.4 g/day). The inclusion of coffee hull in the diet linearly increased nitrogen excretion in feces, as well as nitrogen balance. There was linear reduction in urinary excretion of allantoin, in total purine derivative and absorbed purine, which reduced 0.715, 0.873, and 0.954 mmol/day to each coffee hull unity added to the concentrate, respectively. Coffee hull altered microbial protein synthesis, which reduced in 0.687 g/day to each coffee hull unity added to the concentrate. Reduction in microbial protein synthesis can reduce weight gain in heifers fed coffee hulls.

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