Removable dental prosthesis as periodontal treatment method

The objectives of prostheses are to restore mastication force, improve esthetics and maintain gingival health. The construction and function of prosthesis restoration are mutually interdependent with condition of periodontal tissues. A properly constructed prosthesis is an integral phase of complete treatment of periodontal disease in order to maintain periodontal tissues health. This paper reports case of a man aged 47 years who came to Dental Specialist Clinic in Oral and Dental Hospital Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran with chief complaint of mobility in almost all his teeth and they seems to look longer. The patient has no systemic disease and did not want his teeth to be extracted. Clinical and panoramic radiographic and laboratoris examinations has been done. During treatment, oclusal adjustment and splinting had been done on tooth 33,34,35 and tooth 44,43 also tooth 43,42 splinting with composite. The following treatment was the acrylic removable partial denture for upper jaw while mandible was fitted a frame denture which functioned as a semi permanent splint. One month post treatment, patien felt comfort and the denture was well functioning.

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Roles of HIF and 2-Oxoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenases in Controlling Gene Expression in Hypoxia

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers13020350 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 350

Author(s):

Julianty Frost ◽

Mark Frost ◽

Michael Batie ◽

Hao Jiang ◽

Sonia Rocha

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Hypoxia Inducible Factor ◽

Transcriptional Regulator ◽

Hydroxylase Activity ◽

Control Of Gene Expression ◽

Prolyl Hydroxylases ◽

Chromatin Organisation ◽

Sense And Respond ◽

Almost All ◽

And Function

Hypoxia—reduction in oxygen availability—plays key roles in both physiological and pathological processes. Given the importance of oxygen for cell and organism viability, mechanisms to sense and respond to hypoxia are in place. A variety of enzymes utilise molecular oxygen, but of particular importance to oxygen sensing are the 2-oxoglutarate (2-OG) dependent dioxygenases (2-OGDs). Of these, Prolyl-hydroxylases have long been recognised to control the levels and function of Hypoxia Inducible Factor (HIF), a master transcriptional regulator in hypoxia, via their hydroxylase activity. However, recent studies are revealing that dioxygenases are involved in almost all aspects of gene regulation, including chromatin organisation, transcription and translation. We highlight the relevance of HIF and 2-OGDs in the control of gene expression in response to hypoxia and their relevance to human biology and health.

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The Cross-Talk between Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Immune Cells in Tissue Repair and Regeneration

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22052472 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (5) ◽

pp. 2472

Author(s):

Carl Randall Harrell ◽

Valentin Djonov ◽

Vladislav Volarevic

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Immune Cells ◽

Tissue Repair ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Multipotent Stem Cells ◽

Tissue Repair And Regeneration ◽

Almost All ◽

And Function

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are self-renewable, rapidly proliferating, multipotent stem cells which reside in almost all post-natal tissues. MSCs possess potent immunoregulatory properties and, in juxtacrine and paracrine manner, modulate phenotype and function of all immune cells that participate in tissue repair and regeneration. Additionally, MSCs produce various pro-angiogenic factors and promote neo-vascularization in healing tissues, contributing to their enhanced repair and regeneration. In this review article, we summarized current knowledge about molecular mechanisms that regulate the crosstalk between MSCs and immune cells in tissue repair and regeneration.

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Actively revealing card attack on card-based protocols

Natural Computing ◽

10.1007/s11047-020-09838-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ken Takashima ◽

Daiki Miyahara ◽

Takaaki Mizuki ◽

Hideaki Sone

Keyword(s):

Secure Computation ◽

Malicious Attack ◽

Formal Framework ◽

Almost All ◽

And Function

AbstractIn 1989, den Boer presented the first card-based protocol, called the “five-card trick,” that securely computes the AND function using a deck of physical cards via a series of actions such as shuffling and turning over cards. This protocol enables a couple to confirm their mutual love without revealing their individual feelings. During such a secure computation protocol, it is important to keep any information about the inputs secret. Almost all existing card-based protocols are secure under the assumption that all players participating in a protocol are semi-honest or covert, i.e., they do not deviate from the protocol if there is a chance that they will be caught when cheating. In this paper, we consider a more malicious attack in which a player as an active adversary can reveal cards illegally without any hesitation. Against such an actively revealing card attack, we define the t-secureness, meaning that no information about the inputs leaks even if at most t cards are revealed illegally. We then actually design t-secure AND protocols. Thus, our contribution is the construction of the first formal framework to handle actively revealing card attacks as well as their countermeasures.

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Soil ammonia-oxidizing archaea in a paddy field with different irrigation and fertilization managements

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-93898-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Limin Wang ◽

Dongfeng Huang

Keyword(s):

Ammonia Oxidation ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Paddy Soils ◽

Soil Nitrification ◽

Treated Soil ◽

Ammonia Oxidizing Archaea ◽

Rice Yields ◽

Traditional Irrigation ◽

Almost All ◽

And Function

AbstractBecause ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) are ubiquitous and highly abundant in almost all terrestrial soils, they play an important role in soil nitrification. However, the changes in the structure and function of AOA communities and their edaphic drivers in paddy soils under different fertilization and irrigation regimes remain unclear. In this study, we investigated AOA abundance, diversity and activity in acid paddy soils by a field experiment. Results indicated that the highest potential ammonia oxidation (PAO) (0.011 μg NO 2 - –N g-1 d.w.day-1) was found in T2 (optimal irrigation and fertilization)—treated soils, whereas the lowest PAO (0.004 μg NO 2 - –N g-1 d.w.day-1) in T0 (traditional irrigation)- treated soils. Compared with the T0—treated soil, the T2 treatment significantly (P < 0.05) increased AOA abundances. Furthermore, the abundance of AOA was significantly (P < 0.01) positively correlated with pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), and PAO. Meanwhile, pH and SOC content were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the T2—treated soil than those in the T1 (traditional irrigation and fertilization)- treated soil. In addition, these two edaphic factors further influenced the AOA community composition. The AOA phylum Crenarchaeota was mainly found in the T2—treated soils. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that most of the identified OTUs of AOA were mainly affiliated with Crenarchaeota. Furthermore, the T2 treatment had higher rice yield than the T0 and T1 treatments. Together, our findings confirm that T2 might ameliorate soil chemical properties, regulate the AOA community structure, increase the AOA abundance, enhance PAO and consequently maintain rice yields in the present study.

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Effects of DSPP Gene Mutations on Periodontal Tissues

Global Medical Genetics ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1726416 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Zhaojun Jing ◽

Zhibin Chen ◽

Yong Jiang

Keyword(s):

Alveolar Bone ◽

Gene Mutations ◽

Specific Protein ◽

Dentinogenesis Imperfecta ◽

Dentin Sialophosphoprotein ◽

Periodontal Tissues ◽

Furcation Involvement ◽

Almost All ◽

Alveolar Bone Defect ◽

Deficient Mice

AbstractDentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) gene mutations cause autosomal dominantly inherited diseases. DSPP gene mutations lead to abnormal expression of DSPP, resulting in a series of histological, morphological, and clinical abnormalities. A large number of previous studies demonstrated that DSPP is a dentinal-specific protein, and DSPP gene mutations lead to dentin dysplasia and dentinogenesis imperfecta. Recent studies have found that DSPP is also expressed in bone, periodontal tissues, and salivary glands. DSPP is involved in the formation of the periodontium as well as tooth structures. DSPP deficient mice present furcation involvement, cementum, and alveolar bone defect. We speculate that similar periodontal damage may occur in patients with DSPP mutations. This article reviews the effects of DSPP gene mutations on periodontal status. However, almost all of the research is about animal study, there is no evidence that DSPP mutations cause periodontium defects in patients yet. We need to conduct systematic clinical studies on DSPP mutation families in the future to elucidate the effect of DSPP gene on human periodontium.

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STEM-17. NOT ALL GBM STEM CELLS ARE EQUAL: IMPLICATIONS FOR RESEARCH AND THERAPY

Neuro-Oncology ◽

10.1093/neuonc/noaa215.834 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. ii199-ii200

Author(s):

Luciano Galdieri ◽

Arijita Jash ◽

Olga Malkova ◽

Diane Mao ◽

Jian Campian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Phenotypic Diversity ◽

Treatment Resistance ◽

Surface Markers ◽

Mass Cytometry ◽

Pathway Activation ◽

Almost All ◽

And Function ◽

Activation Status

Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) kills almost all patients within 2 years. A subpopulation of cells, GBM stem cells (GSCs), contributes to treatment resistance and recurrence. A major therapeutic goal is to kill GSCs, but no targeted therapy yet exists. Since their discovery, GSCs have been isolated using single surface markers, such as CD15, CD44, CD133, and a-6 integrin. It remains unknown how these single surface marker-defined GSC populations compare to each other in terms of signal transduction and function and whether expression of different combinations of these markers is associated with distinct phenotypes. Using mass cytometry and fresh operating room specimens, we found that 15 distinct GSC subpopulations exist in vivo and they differ in their MEK/ERK, WNT, and AKT pathway activation status. In culture, some subpopulations were lost and previously undetectable ones materialized. GSCs highly expressing all four surface markers had the greatest self-renewal capacity and in vivo tumorigenicity as well as the strongest WNT pathway activation. This work highlights the signaling and phenotypic diversity in GSC subpopulations, together suggesting that not all GSCs are equivalent. These observations should be considered when studying GSCs in the laboratory, with implications for the development of treatments that target GSCs and prevent tumor recurrence in patients.

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Inter-Basal and Septal Connections of Papillary Muscles - An Anatomical Rationale for Rhythmic Opening of AV Valves - A Multicentric Medical College Based Cross Sectional Study

Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare ◽

10.18410/jebmh/2021/523 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (31) ◽

pp. 2865-2869

Author(s):

Praveen Mulki Shenoy ◽

Amith Ramos ◽

Narasimha Pai ◽

Bharath Shetty ◽

Aravind Pallipady Rao

Keyword(s):

Left Ventricle ◽

Papillary Muscle ◽

Interventricular Septum ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Papillary Muscles ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College ◽

Moderator Band ◽

Almost All ◽

And Function

BACKGROUND The papillary muscle basal connections have significant clinical implications. Variety of studies done on its morphology and function by various specialists in different departments. A close look on these revealed the interconnections of papillary muscles to one another and to the interventricular septum of both ventricles is related to uncoordinated contractions of papillary muscles, leading to hyper or hypokinesia or prolapse or even its rupture. METHODS Our study done in 25 formalin soaked hearts revealed after the deep and meticulous dissection, reflecting the walls of ventricles laterally the numerous interconnections of papillary muscles at its bases and IVS. Ventricles are opened by inverted ‘L’ shaped incision and its reflected more laterally till all the papillary muscles is visible in one frame after incising the moderator band. The connections were noted, measured, photographed, tabulated, compared with similar studies and analysed with experts with respective fields. RESULTS Almost all the specimens did have the interconnections. Further the post mortem findings of the cardiac related deaths with involvement of papillary muscles suggest damage to such ‘bridges’. The moderator band extensions to the base of right APM, and its extension to the posterior groups is noted in all the specimens. The bridge from the IVS to bases of both the groups of papillary muscles is noted in left ventricle. In90% of specimens the one PPM is found to be loosely connected, more so in left ventricle. CONCLUSIONS We are of a conclusion that such basal interconnections and to the interventricular septum are responsible for rhythmic contractions of papillary muscles of both ventricles. Since the AV valves have to open simultaneously, interconnections becomes mandatory as the impulse has to reach it before it reaches the trabeculae carniae. One of the Posterior papillary muscles is loosely connected to other papillary muscles, may be the reason for its rupture, more so in left ventricle. KEYWORDS Papillary Muscle, Interbasal Connection, Moderator Band, Valvular Prolapse, AV Valves

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Delineating urban functional regions by considering interaction cohesiveness and function diversity

Abstracts of the ICA ◽

10.5194/ica-abs-1-198-2019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 1-1

Author(s):

Fei-Ying Kuo ◽

Tzai-Hung Wen

Keyword(s):

Public Transportation ◽

Urban System ◽

Market Area ◽

Functional Region ◽

Trip Purpose ◽

Functional Regions ◽

Human Movements ◽

Local Labour ◽

Almost All ◽

And Function

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> A functional region is usually defined as a region characterized by not only interaction cohesiveness but also function diversity. The former indicates that places within a region should share a cohesive interacting pattern of human movements, such as commute or daily travel; the latter means that the places should possess diverse functions like residence, commerce, etc. Due to these two characteristics, people living and moving in one region can acquire almost all their daily needs, and they do not need to frequently move to other regions. In other words, a functional region resembles a life circle. Based on this definition, many previous studies have developed different methods to analyse human flow data so that they can properly profile different types of functional regions like Local labour market area (LLMA) or daily urban system (DUS), which helps people better understand how functional regions compose an area. Existing methods have considered interaction cohesiveness in a functional region, but function diversity is ignored. This is because these studies only used specific-purpose-trip data, such as journey to work or to shop. These kinds of trips describe people moving from their home to their office or to shopping malls, so each trip has an inherent distinction of functions between its origin and destination; thus, a functional region consisting of these trips indirectly owns function diversity. However, this framework has some problems. First, it cannot profile a functional region shaped by composite functions, for only one trip purpose can be taken into account each time. Second, collecting the data of specific-purpose trips needs either some questionnaires or some surveys, so it is often costly and time consuming. Finally, the purpose-unrecorded-trip data provided by rapidly developed smart card systems in several countries can be collected quickly, yet it cannot properly profile functional regions through the aforementioned framework due to the lack of trip purposes. Therefore, we propose a new spatial partitioning algorithm which can simultaneously consider both interaction cohesiveness and function diversity in profiling functional regions. Compared with previous methods, the proposed algorithm can better profile functional regions from many purpose-unrecorded-trip data based on the inclusion of land-use data. Our results provide deeper insights for understanding how various functions of lands and human movements together shape the boundary of a region. It could be significant reference for developing policies for urban planning or public transportation management.</p>

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Subliminal Laser as Additional Therapy to Reduce Intravitreal Injection Number for the Patients with Macular Diseases

Acta Chirurgica Latviensis ◽

10.2478/chilat-2020-0011 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 45-47

Author(s):

Liene Muceniece ◽

Dace Markevica

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Macular Edema ◽

Systemic Disease ◽

Alternative Therapy ◽

Treatment Method ◽

Macular Thickness ◽

Intravitreal Injections ◽

Macular Diseases ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Additional Therapy

SummaryIntroductionIntravitreal injections have become one of the most performed surgical procedures in ophthalmology. There is a need to look for an effective alternative therapy for patients with anti-VEGF complications and systemic disease contraindications.Aim of the studyTo evaluate Subliminal laser effectiveness on reducing macular disease edema.Materials and methodsSubliminal laser treatment was done three times with three month intervals for patients with macular edema due to retinal diseases. On 1st, 3rd, 6th and 9th month visit the best corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure, macular thickness and macular volume were registered.ResultsMean visual acuity before treatment was 0,52 (SD=0,31) that changed to 0,56 after the 9 month treatment (p>0,05). Mean central macular thickness from 326,12 μm reduced to 308,15 (p=0,76). Without significant difference, inner cycle volume changed from 1353,80 mm3 to 1297,57 mm3 (p=0,81) and outer cycle volume from 1179,4 mm3 to 1112,56 mm3 (p=0,51).ConclusionsSubliminal laser controls macular edema level and could be a solution for patients who cannot afford or are emotionally distressed by monthly intravitreal injections. This treatment method can be used as additional therapy to reduce the number of intravitreal injections.

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Prevalence and Pattern of Canine Impaction and Its Associated Anomalies among Orthodontic Patients Attending Tertiary Care Dental Hospital in Kathmandu

Orthodontic Journal of Nepal ◽

10.3126/ojn.v10i1.30996 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 6-10

Author(s):

Anshu Piya ◽

Bikash Veer Shrestha ◽

Anju Khapung ◽

Prakash Bhattarai

Keyword(s):

Root Resorption ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Anterior Segment ◽

Deciduous Teeth ◽

Dental Anomalies ◽

Impacted Tooth ◽

Impacted Canines ◽

Dental Hospital ◽

Orthodontic Patients ◽

And Function

Introduction: Permanent canines are considered as the cornerstone of mouth. Canines are important for esthetics and function as they are located in the anterior segment of the mouth and help in tearing of food. An impacted tooth is that tooth that cannot or will not erupt into its normal functional occlusion due to some circumstances. Those impacted tooth are considered pathologic as they might lead to various problems like resorption of roots of adjacent teeth, cystic formation, and infection with partial eruption leading to pain and trismus. Materials & Method: All the patients (550) being treated in department of Orthodontics in Nepal Medical College from January 2017 to December 2019 were included in the study. Patients aged 13-30 years were included in the study. Clinical examinations and panoramic radiographs of patients were taken. Anterior occlusal view was done in those patients having canine impaction to determine the patterns of impaction. Data was processed in SPSS version 16.0. Result: Among 550 orthodontic patients, 31 patients were found to have canine impaction. Among them 18 (58.1%) were females and 13 (41.9%) were males. The overall prevalence of canine impaction was found to be 5.6%. Various dental anomalies were observed in the participants’ radiographs, the most common being the retained deciduous teeth (54.8%) followed by dilacerations of adjacent teeth (51.6%). Peg shaped lateral incisors and root resorption of adjacent tooth were almost equal (22.6%) with least being the odontomas and other impacted teeth. Conclusion: The prevalence of canine impaction in tertiary care dental hospital in Kathmandu was found to be 5.6%. Patients with impacted canines also had other dental anomalies. Knowing the prevalence of impacted canines, will encourage the community to be aware about canine impaction and educate the population about the clinical implications and the importance of performing preventive and interceptive procedures.

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