scholarly journals Oil Industry in Kuban in 1928—1935: Problems and Factors of Production Growth

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (10) ◽  
pp. 384-397
Author(s):  
D. A. Salfetnikov
Keyword(s):  
Oil Production ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Difficult Situation ◽  
Oil Refineries ◽  
Production Value ◽  
Degree Of Participation ◽  
Economic Ties

The question of the development of the oil industry in the Kuban regions in the late 1920s and in the first half of the 1930s is considered. Attention is paid to the state of oil production and oil refining at the end of the NEP, the reasons for the difficult situation in the oil industry. The results of a comparative analysis of the potential and activities of the corresponding Kuban refineries that were part of various oil trusts are presented. The classification of enterprises is proposed depending on their profile (oil production and oil refining) and production value. A review of the production life of these enterprises is carried out. Their role in the regional economy and in strengthening interregional economic ties is assessed. The relevance of the study is due to the need to consider the degree of participation of oil industry enterprises in the Kuban in solving important economic problems that go beyond this region. The situation in oil production and oil refining as an important segment of heavy industry located on the territory of an agricultural region is analyzed and reconstructed in the article. Questions are raised about the specifics of the development of the oil industry in the Kuban, about the form of subordination of its enterprises. Particular attention is paid to the problems of staffing, technical equipment of oil producing and oil refineries and their impact on the implementation of complex planned targets. It has been proved that the dynamics of the development of the Kuban oil-bearing regions and the development of oil refineries depended on the introduction of new drilling methods, on the intensification of exploitation of both developed and new oil-bearing regions.

scholarly journals Economic aspects of the development of the world markets of petroleum products since the middle of the XX century

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Marina Shamsutdinova
Keyword(s):  
Production Capacity ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
Oil Refineries ◽  
World Markets ◽  
The World ◽  
Total Capacity

The study of the development of the world markets of petroleum products in the period from 1950 to 2021 allows us to conclude that up to 2014 there was a steady increase in the total capacity of the world oil industry . The increase in capacity occurred against the background of a quantitative decrease in oil refineries and an increase in their production capacity. The decrease in the number of small oil refining units was accompanied by an increase in the average capacity in the oil industry.

scholarly journals On the update of the sanitary classification of objects of oil production, preparation and primary oil refining (from the experience of designing of sanitary protective areas)

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
Anastasiya A. Kokoulina ◽  
D. N. Koshurnikov ◽  
S. Yu. Balashov ◽  
S. Yu. Zagorodnov
Keyword(s):  
Oil Production ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Exhaust Fumes ◽  
Production Preparation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Oil Gas ◽  
Reasonable Use

There are given results of generalization of designing materials for sanitary protective areas of objects of the oil production, preparation and primary oil refining. It is shown that as a result of manufacturing technology enhancement, renewal of the hardware park and implementation of air-security actions aiming at exhaust fumes reduction and the reasonable use of passing oil gas, considerable changes happened over the last decade as regarding the impact of objects on the atmospheric air and population health. The accumulated expertise of designing and concordance of the projects of sanitary protective areas for the oil production, preparation and primary oil refining objects confirms that for the majority of objects of approximate sizes of sanitary protective areas determined by the actual sanitary norms and regulations are excessive. Single and average daily maximum concentration limits as well as allowed levels of cancerogenic and non-cancerogenic risks for the health of the population are provided at the distances from the borders of construction sites which are considerably less than the ones determined by the sanitary classification. Calculation data is confirmed by results of the systematic instrumental research. There are given guidelines to introduce changes in the sanitary norms and regulations. For a number of objects it is suggested to keep the existing classification.

Improving the efficiency of oil refineries by developing the production of high-quality oils

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 1264-1276
Author(s):  
Dmitrii V. BUN'KOVSKII
Keyword(s):  
Deductive Reasoning ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Oil Refineries ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Development Objectives ◽  
Petroleum Oil ◽  
Petroleum Oils

Subject. This article discusses the efficiency of Russian oil refining complexes at the present stage of the oil industry's development. Objectives. The article aims to consider reserves to improve the efficiency of petroleum oil production in Russia and describe some aspects of the domestic oil refining complexes' efficiency improvement. Methods. For the study, I used the systems analysis, observation, comparison, generalization, and the method of hypothetico-deductive reasoning. Results. Based on an analysis of the main advantages and disadvantages of alternative ways of producing high-quality petroleum oils, the article describes the possibilities and ways of modernizing the petroleum oil production. Conclusions. The considered ways of modernizing the production of petroleum oils will help improve the economic efficiency of Russian oil refineries through reducing the technological equipment operating costs and adding to the oil refining depth.

The Prerequisites of National Economy Oil Industry Development

2019 ◽  
pp. 90-98
Author(s):  
MLAABDAL SAADY MAHMOOD ABAAS
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Industry Development ◽  
Oil Sector

The country's energy security is an important component of the national security of any state. In countries where the oil sector is the development determinant of the national economy, the functioning of all other sectors and the satisfaction of the population needs in energy resources depends on the efficiency of the industry operation. Therefore, it is relevant to study the prerequisites for the development of the oil-producing industry of Ukraine in the context of the formation of perspective ways of its development and modernization. The article analyzes the Ukraine’s' oil-producing potential, its current state and directions of development. At the same time, the author emphasizes that the availability of sufficient oil reserves in Ukraine creates preconditions for ensuring energy independence in the near future. In the paper, the author emphasizes that the current challenges in the oil sector for Ukraine are: the balance of exports and imports, increasing of own oil production, reduction of monopolization and creation of competitive, transparent energy markets. An analysis of the oil and gas industry functioning and the domestic market of oil and petroleum products made it possible to distinguish the relevant trends of its development. At the same time, it was concluded that the oil refining sector of the oil complex is one of the low efficient branches in the industry. The paper identifies the main negative trends in the development of the oil industry in Ukraine: the lack of a comprehensive state program for the industry development, a lack of investment in exploration, unsystematic and slow reform of the oil sector, unsustainable rental and tax rules, and the unresolved issues connected with environment protection, which lead to regression of the domestic oil-producing complex. In order to develop the oil industry in Ukraine and increase the efficiency of its functioning, the author has formed the directions of state regulation that will stimulate the development of the oil-extracting industry in Ukraine. Key words: oil-extracting complex, oil production, energy security, efficiency, state regulation.

scholarly journals A Dramatic Turn in Oil Production and Oil Refining at the End of World War II: the Mechanics of Implementation

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-58
Author(s):  
Е.В. Бодрова ◽  
В.В. Калинов
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
In The Beginning

Актуальность исследования определяется значимостью проблем истории Великой Отечественной войны, важностью аккумуляции позитивного опыта, накопленного в ходе мобилизации стратегически важных нефтяных ресурсов на нужды фронта и тыла. Целью статьи является определение этапов развития нефтяной промышленности в военные годы, выявление на основе неопубликованных архивных документов причин падения нефтедобычи и нефтеперера-ботки в начальный период войны, рассмотрение механизмов преодоления кризисной ситуации и достижения коренного перелома в отрасли. Предмет исследования: процесс реализации государ-ственной политики в сфере перевода нефтяной промышленности на военные рельсы. Сделан вывод о том, что, не-смотря на большое количество трудностей, в начальный период войны была решена огромная по значимости и масштабам задача: параллельно с перебазированием на Восток части нефтяной промышленности СССР увеличить темпы разведки, добычи и переработки сырья для обеспечения работы тыла и боеспособности действующей армии. Благодаря подвижничеству нефтяников, все-мерной экономии, упрощению конструкций удавалось значительно сократить сроки строитель-ства, изменить структуру нефтепереработки. С 1943 года были приняты меры по восстановлению нефтепромышленности, производству специального оборудования, увеличивался его выпуск, ак-тивизировалась геологоразведка. Возросло значение Урало-Поволжского нефтяного региона. В настоящее время советский опыт модернизации нефтяного производства в исследуемый период остается востребованным. Abstract. The relevance of the research is accounted for by the necessity to further investigate the history of World War II and to assess the effectiveness of strategies that were used to ensure unfailing energy supply for the Soviet Army and the civilian population. The aim of the article is to investigate previously unpublished archival materials discussing the causes of the fall in oil production and oil refining volumes in the beginning of the war, to identify the major stages oil industry underwent during World War II, to explore the mechanics of overcoming the energy crisis and bringing about a dramatic turn in oil production and oil refining. The object of the research is the process of implementing the national policy aimed at oil industry militarization. The authors conclude that despite a great number of difficulties the Soviet state had to face in the beginning of the war, it managed to solve an unprecedentedly significant problem: oil industry relocation to the eastern regions was accompanied by the increase in the exploration, production and refining of oil to ensure unfailing energy supply for military and civilian purposes. Oil industry workers’ selfless commitment made it possible to significantly expedite the construction of oil plants and to revolutionize oil industry. In 1943 oil industry started developing rapidly, new drilling and refining equipment was produced, oil exploration was intensified. The role of the Volga-Ural region became more prominent. Nowadays the Soviet experience of oil industry modernization during the investigated period is acquiring relevance.

Tax maneuver in the oil industry: Provisional results and risks for further implementation

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-43
Author(s):  
A. S. Kaukin ◽  
E. М. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Oil Industry ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Reform Plan ◽  
Alternative Variant ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
The Cost

The paper analyzes the consequences of the abolition of the export duty on oil and oil products as a necessary step to stimulate energy efficiency of Russia’s economy and eliminate underdevelopment provoked by a long-term subsidizing of inefficient oil refining sector in Russia. The calculation results have shown that even taking into account several deviations from the planned scenarios of changing the parameters of tax regulation of the oil industry in 2014— 2019, the tax maneuver brought over 3.5 trillion rubles (in 2019 — 148 billion rubles) to the state budget in 2014—2017, mainly due to an increase in the base mineral extraction tax rate, and contributed to an increase in the depth of oil refining from 72% to 85%. In addition, the article analyzes possible risks associated with the current plan for reforming the taxation of the industry until 2024 and proposes an alternative that could level some of them. A comparative analysis of the effects of the tax maneuver under the current reform plan and the alternative variant suggests that the latter will allow to achieve a greater total budgetary effect in four years, reduce the cost of subsidizing domestic oil refining, increase the efficiency of Russian vertically integrated oil companies, and reduce the growth rate of oil products prices in the retail market.

Improvement of the System of Statistical Indicators of the State and Development of the Fuel and Energy Complex of the Russian Federation

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 27-38
Author(s):  
M. R. Еfimova ◽  
N. A. Korolkova
Keyword(s):  
Oil Production ◽  
The State ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Development Trends ◽  
Energy Complex ◽  
Statistical Indicators

The article proposes an improved system of statistical indicators for assessing the state and development of the fuel and energy complex of Russia, which defines a methodological approach to identifying factors and trends in its development. The introduction highlights the relevance of modernization of information and methodological support for reaching decisions on new tasks, including those related to the digitalization of the economy and implementation of the national projects’ portfolio. The body of the article critically examines the current configuration of official and departmental statistical information, based on which the authors selected 85 key indicators reflecting the state and development level of the fuel and energy complex of Russia. All of them can be delineated by sectors and analysis tasks. This evaluation system includes 7 blocks: general block characterizing the role of the fuel and energy complex in the economic system; key industry performance indicators; indicators of the production structure by industry; technological indicators of industries; prices for fuel and energy resources; production costs by industry; distribution indicators of fuel and energy resources. The paper analyses development trends in the fuel and energy sectors for 2008-2018. In particular, the authors’ research showed that modern oil production is characterized by a change in the territorial structure, as well as the reinstatement of the role of vertically integrated companies in the development of oil production. The article presents findings on the technological upgrading of Russian oil refining. However, the authors’ research proved that oil refining depth has ceased to be a reliable indicator of the level of technological equipment and modernization level of oil refineries. With regard to the development of the gas industry, there has been a steady increase in gas production, which is supported by maintaining a steady increase in demand for Russian gas in the domestic and foreign markets. The all-time high domestic consumer demand for gas fuel, associated with the Russian Regions Gasification Program implemented by the Ministry of Energy of Russia, was recorded. At the same time, the authors identified the main risk factors in the development of the industry related to Gazprom (a backbone of the energy sector) activities. The persistent positive growth dynamics in commodity production of associated petroleum gas was established. It was also noted that the highest percentage of its beneficial use is characteristic of operators of production sharing agreements. As for the results of the analysis of the coal industry, a matter of interest is the growth of domestic prices for coal products and related derivative trends. Particular attention is paid to the development of the possibilities of using over-the-counter coal price indicators. Replacement of coal with natural gas at a thermal power station in most regions of the country is of interest within the identified development trends of the electric power industry in Russia, which is explained by the environmental friendliness of electricity generation.

Flowmetering in the Oil Industry

1986 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 63-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
R C Gold
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Uncertainty ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Measurement Accuracy ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Different Types

The article traces the use of flowmeters in the production and processing of crude oil and its refined products. Emphasis is placed on meters used for accounting purposes and wherever possible, the significance of measurement uncertainty at the various stages of oil production is expressed in financial terms. The article concludes that improved measurement accuracy is more likely to be achieved from improved calibration and operating procedures than from the use of different types of flowmeters.

scholarly journals Comparison of Moving-Bed Catalytic Tar Hydrocracking Processes

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 500
Author(s):  
Vladimir Kapustin ◽  
Elena Chernysheva ◽  
Roman Khakimov
Keyword(s):  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Process Management ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Hydrocarbon Potential ◽  
Vacuum Residue ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Major Process ◽  
Liquid Products

In recent years, there has been a trend in the global oil industry to improve the proportion of heavy high-sulfur crude oils in the total volume of extracted and processed resources, reserves of which are estimated at over 800 billion metric tons. Therefore, the main line of oil refining is processing of heavy crudes and residua to allow maximum use of the hydrocarbon potential and yield of high-margin products. Hydrogenation processes of heavy raw materials are most attractive in terms of product quality. This article analyzes tar hydrocracking processes that are either in operation or at the stage of full-scale testing. These include Veba Combi-Cracker (VCC), Uniflex, suspended-bed catalyst hydrocracking (ENI), and vacuum residue hydroconversion (TIPS RAS). These technologies use heterogeneous catalysts and are designed to obtain the largest possible amount of liquid products. This article discusses the features of each technology, highlights their advantages and disadvantages, shows the main approaches to process management, and speculates about the development of these technologies. Tar refining is a major process in heavy oil upgrading, and the development of efficient tar-processing methods will influence refinery configurations and management.

scholarly journals Teknologi Tepat Guna Pemurnian Minyak Kelapa Tradisional Di Desa Mengkalang Jambu Kabupaten Kubu Raya Kalimantan Barat

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 482-489
Author(s):  
Maherawati ◽  
Iman Suswanto
Keyword(s):  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Young Group ◽  
Coconut Milk ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Rancid Odor ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Respondent Group ◽  
Quality Technology ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques

Traditional coconut oil has the potential to be developed into commercial oil. These community service activities are a) coconut oil production practices, b) introduction of coconut oil refining technology and c) assessment of people's perceptions of coconut oil production. The variables used are the process of making oil, product quality, technology transfer and people's motivation to make oil. Questionnaire data were analyzed with contingencies to show the close relationship between variables and community groups. The results of the activity showed that there were two ways of making traditional coconut oil, using fresh coconut milk and fermented coconut milk. The resulting oil is crude coconut oil with a characteristic rancid odor, dark color and not durable. The process of oil production is a variable that shows real differences between young and old groups, while other variables are not significantly different. As many as 75% of young group respondents stated that the process of making coconut oil at a somewhat difficult to difficult level. The close relationship between the respondent group and the process of making coconut oil has high accuracy, which is 0.64. Improving coconut oil manufacturing techniques with the refining process can be one way to improve quality and efforts to support the commercialization of traditional coconut oil.

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