scholarly journals THE MYTHOLOGY OF KAMPUNG NAGA COMMUNITY

Al-Albab ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wahyu Iryana
Keyword(s):  
Surface Structure ◽  
Basic Assumption ◽  
Deep Structure ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
Objective Analysis ◽  
Binary Opposition ◽  
Linguistic Model ◽  
Model Study ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of

In order to gain understanding of the meaning of symbolic variants of the myth in Kampung Naga, an objective analysis is required. Therefore, this paper applied the linguistic model study offered by Levi-Strauss as a new step for the objectivity of myth interpretation. The basic assumption of Levi-Strauss’ linguistic model is that myth often display a diverse surface structure, but in fact the diversity is the description of the human deep structure. The selection of this myth was solely based on the life of the Kampung Naga community as part of Sundanese Society. The results indicated that the myth in the religious life of the Kampung Naga community contains a various stories which include the revelation, the reincarnation, and the descent of revelation. These episodes can be constructed into the structure of a Levi-Strauss linguistic model, a binary opposition, namely the mandate giver (active) the mandate recipient (passive). The relationship between the giver and the receiver is vertical (structural) called “structure of three” (regular). From the “structure of three”, the “culinary triangle” can be constructed. From the “combined triangle”, the Batara Guru will also appear to become a central event that other figures have to go through. Finally, it can be stated that the deep structure construction that still refers to the aspect of Javanese cosmology in General.

scholarly journals Levels of Representation and Semantic Interpretation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-15
Author(s):  
Howard Lasnik
Keyword(s):  
Surface Structure ◽  
Deep Structure ◽  
Generative Grammar ◽  
Semantic Interpretation ◽  
Standard Theory ◽  
Important Concern ◽  
Sentence Form ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Syntactic Derivation ◽  
Anaphoric Relations

The nature of the relationship between sentence form and meaning has been an important concern in generative grammar from the inception of the program. Chomsky (1955) raised the question of whether transformations preserve meaning. The suggested answer was negative at that time, and the locus of interpretation was the T-marker, the entire derivational history. In the standard theory of Chomsky (1965), it was proposed, based on work of Katz, Fodor, and Postal, that Deep Structure, a level newly proposed in that work, is the locus of semantic interpretation, though it was acknowledged that quantifiers raise certain difficulties. Those difficulties, along with similar ones involving anaphoric relations, led to the Extended Standard Theory, where Deep and Surface Structure jointly input interpretation, and soon, with the advent of traces, Surface Structure alone. In subsequent models within the GB framework, the derived syntactic level of LF becomes the sole locus of interpretation. Finally, in more recent Minimalist Chomskyan work, there is argued to be no one level of LF; rather, semantic interpretation is interspersed among cyclic steps of the syntactic derivation, reminiscent of the LSLT proposal, though more restricted, and very similar to proposals of Jackendoff and Lasnik in the 1970's. I will try to sort through the motivations for these changes, focusing especially on the problem of quantifier interpretation.

Meaning and Structure

1972 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
Richard Rystrom
Keyword(s):  
Surface Structure ◽  
Deep Structure ◽  
Syntactic Structure ◽  
Reading Acquisition ◽  
Beginning Readers ◽  
Reading Teachers ◽  
Teaching Reading ◽  
Reading Behaviors ◽  
Acquisition Process ◽  
The Relationship

Reading teachers and researchers have frequently assumed there is Some relationship between the syntactic structure of language and the reading acquisition process. Indeed, most methods for teaching reading are implicitly built upon assumptions about the interactions between language and reading behaviors. Often the findings of linguists can be used to suggest the nature of the relationship described above. Illustrated in this paper are different sentences which can be transformed in such a way that each has the same surface structure (typographic appearance) as the others, but which do not have the same meanings (deep structure). The paper illustrates why sentences which have various different meanings implicit in their syntactic structure would be difficult for beginning readers to understand.

RELASI WONG CILIK DAN PRIYAYI DALAM PASAR, PENGAKUAN PARIYEM, DAN GADIS PANTAI (RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE GRASSROOTS (WONG CILIK) AND THE NOBLEMAN (PRIYAYI) IN PASAR, PENGAKUAN PARIYEM, AND GADIS PANTAI)

Widyaparwa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ratun Untoro
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Surface Structure ◽  
Deep Structure ◽  
Cultural Background ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Happy Life ◽  
Grass Roots ◽  
Human Thinking ◽  
The Relationship

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengungkap konsep hidup bahagia orang Jawa melalui relasi antara wong cilik dan priayi dalam tiga novel Pasar, Pengakuan Pariyem, dan Gadis Pantai. Relasi-relasi ter-sebut diperoleh dengan mencari ceritheme dan mitheme berupa tindakan dan cara pandang tokoh-tokoh menggunakan model teori strukturalisme Levi-Strauss. Ceritheme dan mitheme tersebut di-gunakan untuk mencari struktur dasar (surface structure) berupa pasangan-pasangan oposisi. Hal itu untuk mengantarkan pada temuan struktur nirsadar (deep structure) berupa cara pandang atau cara berpikir manusia. Oleh karena ketiga novel tersebut merupakan novel etnografi dengan latar belakang budaya Jawa, penelitian ini menemukan model cara berpikir manusia Jawa, khususnya mengenai hubungan antara wong cilik dan priayi. Ditemukan pula bahwa derajat wong cilik dan priayi tidak memengaruhi tingkat kebahagiaan manusia Jawa.The research is aimed to reveal Javanese happy life concept through relationship between the grass-roots and the nobleman in three novels, namely Pasar, Pengakuan Pariyem and Gadis Pantai. The relations are obtained by searching ceritheme and mitheme in form of action and character point of view using the theoretical model of Levi-Strauss structuralism. Mitheme and ceritheme are used to find surface structure in form of opposition pairs. The ceritheme and mitheme even-tually lead to discovery of deep structure in the form of point of view or way of human thinking. Therefore, the three novels are a ethnographical novels with Javanese cultural background. This re-search suggests the Javanese mans model of thinking, particularly the relationship between the grassroots and the nobleman. It is also found out that the grassroot status and the nobleman status do not affect the level of Javanese mans happiness.

Remarks on directionality

1972 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnold M. Zwicky
Keyword(s):  
Surface Structure ◽  
Deep Structure ◽  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Transformational Grammar ◽  
Structure Surface ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

In several recent articles the issue of directionality in transformational grammar has been treated, rather unsatisfactorily to my mind. The question is this: are the relationships among the various levels of grammatical description (semantic structure, deep structure, surface structure, phonetic structure) such that certain levels are descriptively prior to others? That is, is there an inherent ‘direction’ to the relationship between two levels of description (say deep structure and surface structure)? Recent treatments suggest that the question is pointless, or that the answer is no. I maintain that this impression results entirely from the way previous discussions have been worded, and that the issues have yet to be approached properly.

Profile Imaging of Silicon Surface Reconstructions

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 262-263
Author(s):  
O.L. Krivanek ◽  
G.J. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Surface Structure ◽  
Structure Determination ◽  
Silicon Surface ◽  
Good Resolution ◽  
Surface Reconstructions ◽  
Bulk Structure ◽  
Point To Point ◽  
The Relationship

Electron microscopy at 0.2nm point-to-point resolution, 10-10 torr specimei region vacuum and facilities for in-situ specimen cleaning presents intere; ing possibilities for surface structure determination. Three methods for examining the surfaces are available: reflection (REM), transmission (TEM) and profile imaging. Profile imaging is particularly useful because it giv good resolution perpendicular as well as parallel to the surface, and can therefore be used to determine the relationship between the surface and the bulk structure.

IMPROVEMENT OF SPRING DURUM WHEAT SELECTION METHODOLOGIES UNDER CLIMATE CHANGE CONDITIONS

1970 ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
А. I. Grabovets ◽  
V. P. Kadushkina ◽  
S. А. Kovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Chemical Mutagenesis ◽  
Main Method ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of

With the growing aridity of the climate on the Don, it became necessary to improve the methodology for conducting the  breeding of spring durum wheat. The main method of obtaining the source material remains intraspecific step hybridization. Crossings were performed between genetically distant forms, differing in origin and required traits and properties. The use of chemical mutagenesis was a productive way to change the heredity of genotypes in terms of drought tolerance. When breeding for productivity, both in dry years of research and in favorable years, the most objective markers were identified — the size of the aerial mass, the mass of grain per plant, spike, and harvest index. The magnitude of the correlation coefficients between the yield per unit area and the elements of its structure is established. It was most closely associated with them in dry years, while in wet years it decreased. Power the correlation of the characteristics of the pair - the grain yield per square meter - the aboveground biomass averaged r = 0.73, and in dry years it was higher (0.91) than in favorable ones (0.61 - 0.70) , between the harvest and the harvest index - r = 0.81 (on average). In dry years, the correlation coefficient increased to 0.92. Research data confirms the greatest importance of the mass of grain from one ear and the plant in the formation of grain yield per unit area in both dry and wet years. In dry years, the correlation coefficient between yield and grain mass per plant was on average r = 0.80; in favorable years, r = 0.69. The relationship between yield and grain mass from the ear was greater — r = 0.84 and r = 0.82, respectively. Consequently, the breeding significance of the aboveground mass and the productivity of the ear, as a criterion for the selection of the crop, especially increases in the dry years. They were basic in the selection.

Analisis Wacana Surat Filemon

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendi
Keyword(s):  
Surface Structure ◽  
Deep Structure ◽  
Syntactic Structure ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Pivot Point ◽  
Structure Unit

Perkembangan studi linguistik di dalam penafsiran teks kitab suci memang masih lambat dan dalam tahap perkembangan. Tulisan ini adalah suatu penelitian untuk mengembangkan studi linguistik di dalam penafsiran teks kitab suci di Indonesia. Penulis memilih studi linguistik dengan pendekatan analisis wacana. Model analisis wacana yang digunakan adalah analisis colon yang diperkenalkan oleh Johanes P. Louw. Sampel teks yang digunakan adalah surat Filemon. Hasil penelitian ini akan mendapatkan struktur dan tema surat Filemon. Pendekatan analisis wacana menekankan semantik. Arti atau makna di dalam teks melampaui kata, frasa, dan kalimat (struktur mikro teks) sehingga fokus analisis sampai kepada keseluruhan wacana (struktur makro teks). Struktur makro teks melingkupi arti dari struktur mikro teks. Seorang penulis menulis teks mulai dari ide wacana yang kemudian secara sadar membangun ide tersebut dari struktur mikro teks yang dipilihnya. Dalam analisis colon, struktur makro teks yang terpenting adalah paragraf yang merupakan satu unit semantis yang dibangun dari beberapa kelompok colon (cluster) dan atau colons. Arti kata, frasa, klausa, dan kalimat tidak lepas dari isi semantis paragraf yang mewadahinya. Sementara, penafsir-penafsir lain lebih memprioritaskan penafsiran struktur mikro teks daripada makro teks. Wacana dianalisis mulai dari paragraf sampai frasa dan kata (top down). Unit semantis dalam bentuk kata, frasa, dan klausa akan dianalisis dengan kategori semantis, pengelompokkan kata (grouping of words atau immediate constituents), dan transformasi struktur luar (surface structure) ke dalam struktur dalam (deep structure). Unit semantis dalam bentuk paragraf akan dianalisis dengan metode analisis colon. Di dalam analisis colon, ada beberapa langkah yang akan diuraikan yaitu pertama, membuat struktur colon (syntactic structure) dari setiap paragraf dan terjemahan literal. Pengelompokkan kata akan terlihat di dalam struktur colon. Kedua, mencari isi semantis dari setiap colon atau kelompok (cluster) dengan menganalisis kata, frasa, dan colon. Ketiga, mencari hubungan semantis di antara colon atau kelompok di dalam satu paragraf yang sama. Keempat, menentukan tema atau ide utama (the pivot point) dari setiap paragraf. Berdasarkan analisis colon, ide utama atau tema surat ini adalah permohonan Rasul Paulus kepada Filemon untuk mengembalikan atau menerima kembali Onesimus sebagai saudara di dalam Kristus. Tema wacana ini menentukan struktur makro dan mikro teks ditulis oleh Rasul Paulus. Rasul Paulus mulai menulis dengan pembukaan yaitu sapaan dan salam kepada Filemon dan seluruh jemaatnya. Kemudian, Rasul Paulus menuliskan dasar permohonannya yaitu iman dan kasih Filemon yang selama ini sudah didengar olehnya. Lalu, Rasul Paulus menuliskan permohonannya bahwa Filemon bisa menerima kembali Onesimus. Terakhir, Rasul Paulus menuliskan penutup yaitu salam dan doa berkat kepada seluruh jemaat. Implikasi pastoral atau teologis yang bisa dipelajari adalah cara iman dan kasih diterapkan secara nyata di dalam persekutuan dan kehidupan seperti pengampunan dan rekonsiliasi relasi dengan orang lain yang sudah berbuat dosa. Pengalaman jatuh ke dalam dosa dan dipulihkan oleh Allah adalah pengalaman yang tidak mungkin dipisahkan dalam hidup ini. Oleh karena itu, persekutuan sesama orang percaya menjadi wadah atau alat anugerah bagi setiap orang percaya menghadapi berbagai godaan dosa. Secara khusus, penulis mengucap terima kasih kepada para mahasiswa STT Soteria Purwokerto terutama mereka yang sudah mengikuti kelas Studi dan Exegesis Perjanjian Baru. Mereka adalah orang (pembaca) pertama yang bersama penulis menggumuli teks ini selama 1 semester. Penulis juga mengucap terima kasih kepada isteri, Rina Mansyur, dan puteri, Filipe File Cendekia atas dukungan yang tiada taranya. Terakhir, penulis mengucapkan terima kasih kepada penerbitan Leutikaprio yang sudah bersedia mengedit dan menerbitkan buku ini.

Analisa Pemilihan Moda Transportasi Umum Rute Tanjung Karang – Bandara Radin Inten II Dengan Stated Preference dan Uji Crame’s V

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abi Berkah Nadi
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Utility Function ◽  
Stated Preference ◽  
Technical Analysis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Time Headway ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of

Radin Inten II Airport is a national flight in Lampung Province. In this study using the technical analysis stated preference which is the approach by conveying the choice statement in the form of hypotheses to be assessed by the respondent. By using these techniques the researcher can fully control the hypothesized factors. To determine utility function for model forecasting in fulfilling request of traveler is used regression analysis with SPSS program. The analysis results obtained that the passengers of the dominant airport in the selection of modes of cost attributes than on other attributes. From the result of regression analysis, the influence of independent variable to the highest dependent variable is when the five attributes are used together with the R square value of 8.8%. The relationship between cost, time, headway, time acces and service with the selection of modes, the provision that states whether or not there is a decision. The significance of α = 0.05 with chi-square. And the result of Crame's V test average of 0.298 is around the middle, then the relationship is moderate enough.

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