Elderhostelers and College Women Coping with Nuclear Threat: A Comparative Study of Thoughts and Actions about Nuclear War

1988 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 619-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Viterbo McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
College Women ◽  
World View ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Nuclear War ◽  
Young Adult Women ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Striking Contrast

To relate experiences to thoughts and actions about the nuclear predicament, 49 elderhostelers and 54 college women were compared on their responses to the Nuclear Activism Questionnaire and scores on five areas of the Survey of Feelings about Nuclear War. Tests were group-administered in 30 min. to 49 late adults and 54 young adult women who volunteered to participate and responded anonymously. Analysis showed a significant difference in the mean activism scores of the two groups; elderhostelers were significantly more antinuclear than the young adults. For the two samples, among many similarities on the survey was one striking contrast: if a difference in the tendency to deny threat to self and to project threat on others is indicative of defensiveness, then these elderhostelers were far less defensive than the young adults. From clues about coping strategies noted here, we recommend further inquiry about the paradigm, belief, or world view directing the mode of thought that accounts for activism scores, with larger groups of subjects.

OBSERVATIONS OF TOTAL SERUM BASE IN CHILDREN AND YOUNG ADULTS BY A CONDUCTIVITY METHOD

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1949 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 805-809
Author(s):  
W. M. KELSEY ◽  
L. B. LEINBACH
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Conductivity Method ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Children And Young Adults ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Standard Deviations

Values for total serum base in 96 normal children under 12 years of age as determined by the conductivity method fell between 143 to 160.5 mEq./l. The mean was 153. Standard deviations for each age group are given. The values in 73 normal persons above the age of 12 varied from 142 to 160.5 mEq./l. The mean was 147 mEq./l. A statistically significant difference between the total serum base in children and adults was found.

The Believability of Exercise Blogs Among Young Adults

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Elaine M. Ori ◽  
Tanya R. Berry ◽  
Lira Yun
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Young Adult Women ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
Online Sources

It is unknown how lifelong digital media users such as young adult women perceive exercise information found online. A total of 141 women aged 18–30 years and residing in Canada were randomized to read either a factually incorrect or a factually correct blog article. Participants completed Go/No-Go tasks to measure automatically activated believability and evaluations and questionnaires to explicitly measure believability, affective evaluations, and intentions to exercise. Participants did not show evidence of automatically activated believability of the content found in either blog article. However, participants reading the factually correct article reported significantly greater explicit disbelief than those reading the factually incorrect article, though this did not predict intentions. Being factually correct may not be an important component of message believability. Exercise professionals need to remain aware of the content of popular online sources of information in an effort to curb misinformation.

Ion Release and Galvanic Corrosion of Different Orthodontic Brackets and Wires in Artificial Saliva

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soodeh Tahmasbi ◽  
Tahereh Sheikh ◽  
Yasamin B Hemmati
Keyword(s):  
Galvanic Corrosion ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Potential Difference ◽  
Orthodontic Brackets ◽  
Saturated Calomel Reference Electrode ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT Introduction To investigate the galvanic corrosion of brackets manufactured by four different companies coupled with stainless steel (SS) or nickel–titanium (NiTi) wires in an artificial saliva solution. Materials and methods A total of 24 mandibular central incisor Roth brackets of four different manufacturers (American Orthodontics, Dentaurum, Shinye, ORJ) were used in this experimental study. These brackets were immersed in artificial saliva along with SS or NiTi orthodontic wires (0.016”, round) for 28 days. The electric potential difference of each bracket/ wire coupled with a saturated calomel reference electrode was measured via a voltmeter and recorded constantly. Corrosion rate (CR) was calculated, and release of ions was measured with an atomic absorption spectrometer. Stereomicroscope was used to evaluate all samples. Then, samples with corrosion were further assessed by scanning electron microscope and energydispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Two-way analysis of variance was used to analyze data. Results Among ions evaluated, release of nickel ions from Shinye brackets was significantly higher than that of other brackets. The mean potential difference was significantly lower in specimens containing a couple of Shinye brackets and SS wire compared with other specimens. No significant difference was observed in the mean CR of various groups (p>0.05). Microscopic evaluation showed corrosion in two samples only: Shinye bracket coupled with SS wire and American Orthodontics bracket coupled with NiTi wire. Conclusion Shinye brackets coupled with SS wire showed more susceptibility to galvanic corrosion. There were no significant differences among specimens in terms of the CR or released ions except the release of Ni ions, which was higher in Shinye brackets. How to cite this article Tahmasbi S, Sheikh T, Hemmati YB. Ion Release and Galvanic Corrosion of Different Orthodontic Brackets and Wires in Artificial Saliva. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(3):222-227.

Caffeine Use and Young Adult Women

1982 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur M. Vener ◽  
Lawrence R. Krupka
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
College Women ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Young Adult Women ◽  
Survey Period ◽  
Caffeine Consumption ◽  
Midwestern University ◽  
Pharmacologically Active ◽  
Required Courses

A study of 491 randomly selected college women and men surveyed on two separate occasions and enrolled in required courses at a large Midwestern university showed that caffeine, a pharmacologically active psychotropic drug, was consumed by a large proportion of the respondents in a twenty-four hour period (86%). Women consumed a larger amount of caffeine and used more substances containing this drug. An increase in caffeine usage with increased psychic stress was observed for women only. About 15 per cent of the women sampled (N = 337) had ingested 500 mg or more during the survey period of highest stress. The data suggest that future investigations of the linkage of poor pregnancy outcomes with caffeine consumption must obtain an accurate appraisal of the total amount of caffeine ingested. This can be accomplished only if O-T-C drugs containing caffeine and such beverages as colas, teas and cocoa, as well as coffee, are taken into account.

scholarly journals Vitamin D status in adults and children in Transcarpathia, Ukrainein 2019

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khrystyna Shchubelka
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background: Vitamin D deficiency is a global health problem, it is assessed by measuring serum 25-hydroxivitamin D (25(OH) D), nevertheless epidemiological data for many countries remains underreported.Objectives:To study the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency throughout the calendar year in a large cohort recruited ina multiethnic Transcarpathian region of Ukraine.Methods: In this retrospective study 25(OH)D serum concentration was measured during all 12 months of the year 2019 by electrochemoluminescent assay on the automatic analyzer Cobas e411 in 1,823 subjects, including both children and adults (1551 females (85.03%) and 273 males (14.97%)). ResultsThe mean 25(OH) D concentration in adults demonstrates significantly lower levels compared to children (22.67±8.63 ng/ml vs. 26.00±10.72 ng/ml respectively, p<0.001). Adult women expressed significantly lower mean annual serum 25 (OH) D concentrations in comparison to men (22.29±8.46 ng/ml vs. 25.75±9.38 ng/ml respectively, p< 0.001). In contrast, children did not show a significant difference between sexes (girls 24.98±10.38 ng/ml vs. boys 27.01±11.01 ng/ml, p=0.2003). In the winter months, 25(OH)D levels fell below 20 ng/ml in 51,74 % of adult population of Thranscarpathia, and in 12.91%, - below 12 ng/ml.ConclusionsThe results of this study contradict the previously reported evaluations of the vitamin D levels in Ukraine which were assessed by measuring serum 25(OH) D. Specifically, only approximately half of the studied population is vitamin D deficient during winter season. This study features the most representative sample size in Ukraine to date.

scholarly journals Psychological Well-Being and Dietary Quality of College Women: Examining the Confounding Influence of Season, Sleep and Physical Activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Bruce W Bailey ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
College Women ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Young Adult Women ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
The Relationship

To determine the relationship between overall psychological well-being and stress on diet quality among young adult women and to examine the potential confounding influence of season, physical activity and sleep on these relationships.

Steps Measured by Pedometry and the Relationship to Adiposity in College Women

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1225-1232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Wayne Bailey ◽  
Pamela Borup ◽  
Larry Tucker ◽  
James LeCheminant ◽  
Matthew Allen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
College Women ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Young Adult Women ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Steps Per Day ◽  
The Relationship

Background:The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between steps per day and adiposity among college women.Methods:This study was cross-sectional and included women ages 18–25. Participants wore a pedometer for 7 consecutive days. Body composition was assessed using air-displacement plethysmography. Height, weight, and waist and hip circumferences were assessed.Results:The women took 10,119 ± 2836 steps per day. When divided into quartiles by steps, the top 2 quartiles of women in the study had significantly lower BMI, percent body fat, and waist and hip circumferences than the bottom quartile of women (P ≤ .05). Percent body fat was different between the bottom 2 quartiles and the top 2 quartiles (P ≤ .05). The odds of having a body fat of greater than 32% were reduced by 21.9% for every increase of 1,000 steps taken per day (P ≤ .05).Conclusions:Steps per day are related to body composition in young adult women, but this relationship weakens with progressively higher step counts. A reasonable recommendation for steps in young adult women that is associated with the lowest BMIs and body fat seems to be between 10,000–12,000 steps per day.

scholarly journals Effect of reading with a mobile phone and text on accommodation in young adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xintong Liang ◽  
Shifei Wei ◽  
Shi-Ming Li ◽  
Wenzai An ◽  
Jialing Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Decay Time ◽  
Task Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Refractive Correction ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Accommodative Lag ◽  
Near Work

Abstract Purpose To investigate the effects of reading with mobile phone versus text on accommodation accuracy and near work-induced transient myopia (NITM) and its subsequent decay during near reading in young adults with mild to moderate myopia. Methods The refractions of 31 young adults were measured with an open-field autorefractor (WAM-5500, Grand Seiko) for two reading tasks with a mobile phone and text at 33 cm. The mean age of the young adults was 24.35 ± 1.80 years. The baseline refractive aspects were determined clinically with full distance refractive correction in place. The initial NITM and its decay time and accommodative lag were assessed objectively immediately after binocularly viewing a mobile phone or text for 40 min. Results The mean ± standard deviation (SD) initial NITM magnitude was greater for reading with text (0.23 ± 0.26 D) than for reading with mobile phone (0.12 ± 0.17 D), but there was no significant difference between the two reading tasks (p = 0.082). The decay time (median, first quartile, and third quartile) was 60 s (16, 154) and 70 s (32, 180) in the phone task and text task groups, respectively. There was also no significant difference in the decay time between the two reading types in general (p = 0.294). The accommodative lags of text tasks and mobile phones tasks were equivalent (1.27 ± 0.52 D vs 1.31 ± 0.64 D, p = 0.792). Conclusion There were no significant differences in accommodative lags and the initial NITM and its decay time between reading with a mobile phone and text in young adults.

scholarly journals Differential GFR estimation of the double moiety kidneys by modified GATE’S formula

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 01-05
Author(s):  
Sivasubramaniyan V
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Camera ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
P Value ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Nephron Sparing ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Age Range

Aim: This retrospective analysis of the GFR values of the individual moieties obtained by using a novel software with modified GATE’S formula in the in house software created at SSSIHL, compared and evaluated with the value derived by the combined GFR value of the single kidney GFR as obtained from the Icon software loaded in the gamma camera. Materials and Method: This retrospective study of 10patients diagnosed with unilateral double moiety and 5 patients with bilateral duplication was undertaken to validate the modified GATE’S formula in house software created at SSSIHL. This group had 12 males in the age range of 03-66 years with the mean age of 26.5 ± 2 years and 3 females in the age range of 29 – 31 years with mean age of 31 ± 2 years. Renal scans were done using Siemens dual head gamma camera (E.CAM). The radiopharmaceutical 99mTc-DTPA 5 mCi was injected as a bolus intravenously for the adult patients and 3 mCi was injected for the children. The images were obtained and processed by using GFR/Renal differential processing protocol in icon software. Later the raw data of the scan study transferred to the workstation loaded with the in house software created at SSSIHL with modified GATE’S formula created by us. The individual moiety GFR values were calculated using the software with modified Gate’s formula developed in MATLAB GUI algorithm and tabulated. Then the combined value of individual moiety GFR values compared with that of the individual whole kidney GFR value obtained by the Icon software protocol. Result: The T test evaluation done in the online statistical calculator of Maths Portal org revealed that the mean values of the two groups showed no significant difference at p < 0.05. The calculated t value is smaller than the critical value (0.0217 < 2.024), so the means are not significantly different. Pearson Correlation performed between the above two samples using statistical online calculators also showed the correlation coefficient of r = 0.9247 and a mean difference of 0.09 indicating that the high correlation between them. The observed significance p value < 0.0001 at t value of 10.27, showed no significant difference detected between the two samples. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the in house software created at SSSIHL with modified GATE’S formula method of GFR calculating software showed identical values with that of the GFR calculated with the original Gate’s formula. This was found to be useful in calculating the GFR of individual moieties separately in the cases of Double moieties in both Unilateral and Bilateral involvement effectively. The utility and usefulness of the separate estimation of individual moieties GFR needed for Nephron Sparing Surgery.

scholarly journals Effects of Regenerated Sportive Activities on the Empathic Tendency of Women

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Mehibe Akandere ◽  
Fatma Arslan ◽  
Evrim Cakmakci
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Program ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Aerobic Dance ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Exercising Women ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
One Way Anova

The purpose of this study is to determine the levels of empathy for regularly exercising women and to determine whether empathy levels differ according to some variables.The study is planned as a single group pretest-posttest. 178 sedentary and healthy adult women participated in the study as a volunteer. Aerobic-Dance Exercise program was applied to the participants 60 minutes a day, 3 days per week for 8 weeks; then, The Empathic Tendency Scale (EQS) were filled at the beginning and at the end of the exercise program. The validity and reliability study of the scale was conducted by Dokmen (1988).Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 16.00 software was used in the analysis of the data obtained from the research. One way ANOVA was used to determine the differences between the groups when the data showed normal distribution and after the homogeneity of the variances was tested, the Tukey test was used for differences between the groups and the error level was taken as 0.05.When the findings are examined; the mean score of " Empathic Tendency " according to the marital status, the study status and the number of children of the participants was statistically significant in the pretest-posttest after the exercise program (p<0.005). But, there was no statistically significant difference between the group's comparisons in terms of the “Empathic Tendency "(p>0.05). As a result, it was seen that exercise had a positive effect on the "Empathic Tendency” levels of the women participating in the study.

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