Association of Self-Preoccupation and Self-Reported Duration and Severity of Depressive Episodes

2002 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 861-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinji Sakamoto ◽  
Atsuko Tomoda ◽  
Nobuhiko Kijima
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Focused Attention ◽  
Tokyo Metropolitan Area ◽  
External Objects ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Depressive Episodes

The present study investigated the relation of self-preoccupation, i.e., the tendency to focus more on the self than on external objects and to maintain this self-focused attention, with the duration and severity of depressive episodes. The hypotheses were that, compared with people low on self-preoccupation, people scoring higher on self-preoccupation may experience more long-lasting depressive episodes and during such episodes they may experience a greater number of depressive symptoms. The present study examined association of self-esteem with the severity or duration of depressive episodes. A total of 1,076 undergraduates (361 men, 700 women, 15 unknown) from nine universities in the Tokyo metropolitan area participated. Of the total, 246 undergraduates (55 men and 191 women) reported that they had experienced a depressive episode continuing four or more days; these data were analyzed and are reported here. Self-preoccupation, self-esteem, and depressive episodes within 12 mo. were measured by a self-report questionnaire. The results tentatively supported the hypotheses. Specifically, rated self-esteem was significantly correlated with the number of depressive symptoms reported in a depressive episode but not with the duration of the episode. However, rated self-preoccupation was correlated with the severity and duration of the depressive episode, although the correlation of self-preoccupation scale scores with the duration of the episode was quite weak and requires further research.

Effect of Self - Care Program on the Self- Esteem of Multiple Sclerosis Patients

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
H. Madani ◽  
H. Navipoor ◽  
P. Roozbayani
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Care Program ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Report ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Muscular Spasm ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽  
Paired T Test

Aims:According to decreased self- esteem in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, it is necessary to utilize appropriate methods in order to improve self- esteem in MS patients. So this study was conducted on patients with MS supported by the Iranian MS society for determining the effect of self - care program on their self- esteem.Method:In this semi - experimental study 34 patients with MS who were not in the acute phase of disease were selected. The data were collected via personal questionnaires, problem list, Cooper and smith standard questionnaire for self- esteem and self report check lists. Self - care program(self - care for muscular spasm, fatigue, constipation and amnesia and …) was educated, then it was performed for one month period and the data were analyzed using paired t- test, wilcoxon, croscal - wallis and manwithney tests.Results:Application of self - care program improve the self- esteem and reduced some symptoms such as muscular spasm, fatigue, constipation and amnesia in MS patients. The mean valve of self- esteem increased from 54 before performing the program to 68 after the program ( p < 0.05).Conclusion:Using self-care program can be an effective method for improving self- esteem of MS patients.

Light Therapy for QoL/Depression in AYA With Cancer: A Randomized Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayla N LaRosa ◽  
Erin MacArthur ◽  
Fang Wang ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Haitao Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Light Therapy ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Self Report ◽  
School Functioning ◽  
Bright White Light

Abstract Objective Secondary outcomes from a published feasibility and acceptability trial were examined to explore the effect of bright white light (BWL) on quality of life (QoL) and depressive symptoms compared to dim red light (DRL) control in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) receiving cancer-directed therapy. Methods Fifty-one AYAs (12–22 years, 51% male) newly diagnosed with cancer were randomized to receive 8 weeks of BWL (n = 26) or DRL (n = 25). The CDI-2 (total score, negative mood/physical symptoms, interpersonal problems, ineffectiveness, and negative self-esteem) and parent- and self-report PedsQL (total score and subscales of physical, emotional, social, and school QoL) were completed at multiple timepoints. Results BWL produced improvements in self-reported total depression (d = −.64; 95% confidence interval [CI] = −1.26, −0.01), negative self-esteem (d = −.80; 95% CI = −1.43, −.14), negative mood/physical symptoms (d = −.73; 95% CI = −1.36, −0.08), ineffectiveness (d = −.43; 95% CI = −1.04, .19), total self-reported QoL (d = .41; 95% CI = −.16, .96), emotional (d = .78; 95% CI = .19, 1.37), school functioning (d = .48; 95% CI = −.09, 1.04), and parent-reported school functioning (d = .66; 95% CI = 0.02, 1.33). BWL reported a greater rate of improvement than DRL for total depression (β = .49, p &lt; .05) and self-esteem (β = .44, p &lt; .05), and parent-reported school functioning (β = −1.68, p &lt; .05). Conclusions BWL improved QoL and depressive symptoms for AYAs with cancer. These findings will inform larger randomized controlled trials.

scholarly journals Childhood Depressive Symptoms Predict Psychiatric Problems in Young Adults

2000 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 465-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eeva T Aronen ◽  
Mika Soininen
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Adaptive Functioning ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Psychiatric Problems

Objective: To evaluate the predictive value of childhood depressive symptoms for psychiatric symptoms, adaptive functioning, and self-performance in young adults. Method: The study sample consisted of 111 young adults born during 1975–1976 in the Helsinki region. The young adults were assessed in childhood (10 to 11 years of age) using the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) and at the age of 20 to 21 years using Achenbach's Young Adult Self Report (YASR), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Wallston Self-Performance Survey. Results: Self-reported depressive symptoms in childhood predicted psychiatric symptoms (especially aggression), poor adaptive functioning, and low self-esteem in young adulthood. Conclusions: Depressive symptoms in children should be addressed to prevent later psychiatric problems. The CDI may be a measure of nonspecific psychopathology rather than of pure depression—thus, it may be a good screening tool for child populations.

Social adjustment and self-esteem in remitted patients with mood disorders

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Serretti ◽  
MC Cavallini ◽  
F Macciardi ◽  
C Namia ◽  
L Franchini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mood Disorder ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Social Function ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Self ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
The Social ◽  
Depressive Episodes ◽  
Social Adjustment Scale

SummaryMood disorders are characterized by manic and depressive episodes alternating with normal mood. While social function is heavily impaired during episodes of illness, there are conflicting opinions about inter-episode function. The present paper focuses on self-esteem and social adjustment in remitted mood disorders patients.Patients with mood disorders (99 bipolar and 86 major depressive subjects, in remission) were compared with a group of 100 control subjects. The self-esteem scale (SES) and the social adjustment scale (SAS) were used to measure self-esteem and social adjustment, respectively, in both groups of subjects.Patients with mood disorder exhibited worse social adjustment and lower self-esteem than control subjects.These results strongly confirm previous observations of poor inter-episode function in patients with mood disorder.

scholarly journals Antianhedonic Effect of Repeated Ketamine Infusions in Patients With Treatment Resistant Depression

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina Wilkowska ◽  
Mariusz Stanisław Wiglusz ◽  
Maria Gałuszko-Wegielnik ◽  
Adam Włodarczyk ◽  
Wiesław Jerzy Cubała
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Treatment Resistant Depression ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Antidepressive Effect ◽  
Resistant Depression ◽  
Depression Symptomatology

Anhedonia constitutes one of the main symptoms of depressive episode. It correlates with suicidality and significantly effects the quality of patient's lives. Available treatments are not sufficient against this group of symptoms. Ketamine is a novel, rapid acting strategy for treatment resistant depression. Here we report the change in symptoms of anhedonia measured by Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale as an effect of eight ketamine infusions as an add-on treatment in 42 patients with treatment resistant depression. We also determined the effect of this change on the severity of depressive symptoms measured by Inventory for Depression Symptomatology-Self Report 30-Item (IDS-SR 30). We have observed statistically significant decrease in the level of anhedonia during ketamine treatment. After adjusting for potential confounders we have found that significant reduction in Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS) after each infusion and 1 week post treatment was observed only among patients who did not use benzodiazepines. The reduction in symptoms of anhedonia mediates the antidepressive effect of ketamine. The results need replication in a larger randomized placebo controlled trial.

scholarly journals Converging evidence for enduring perceptions of low social status in individuals in remission from depression.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Gillard ◽  
Siobhan Gormley ◽  
Kirsty Griffiths ◽  
Caitlin Hitchcock ◽  
Jason Stretton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mental Health Difficulties ◽  
Depressive Episodes

BackgroundThe risk of depressive relapse and recurrence is amplified by social risk factors including the perception of low social status. MethodsWe aimed to identify enduring difficulties with the perception of social status in a community sample with a self-reported history of mental health difficulties (Study 1) and, more specifically, in individuals in clinical remission from depression, relative to a never-depressed control group, and relative to a group experiencing a current depressive episode (Study 2). ResultsIn Study 1, elevated depressive symptoms were associated with perceptions of low social status which significantly differed between individuals with and without a self-reported history of mental health difficulties. Study 2 found enduring deficits in perceptions of social status in remitted depressed individuals, in the absence of current symptoms. LimitationsWe were unable to discern between historical or current clinical diagnosis in the community sample of Study 1, as we were reliant on self-report. We were unable to explore the effects of medication or causal relationships between depressive symptoms and social status as the studies were cross-sectional in nature. ConclusionsThese findings suggest that disrupted socio-cognitive profiles across a range of affiliative processes may confer increased vulnerability to future depressive episodes in those in remission.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of depressive symptoms in adolescents of a public school in Curitiba, Brazil

2002 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saint-Clair Bahls
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Adolescent Students ◽  
Age Factor ◽  
And Gender ◽  
High Level ◽  
Clear Predominance

OBJECTIVES: To assess, using the self-report questionnaire Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), the rate of depressive symptoms and its distribution by age and gender, in a sample of students. METHODS: Application of the CDI in 463 students, aged 10 to 17. RESULTS: The total mean score was 13.0 with a standard deviation of 7.0 (median = 12.0), for females the score was 14.4 with a standard deviation of 7.2 (median = 13.0) and for males it was 11.1 with a standard deviation of 6.2 (median = 10.0). Using the cut-off score of 19, 20.3% of the students had important indications of depressive symptoms. The age factor had no significance; however, there was a non-significant trend of increasing rates of depressive symptoms in the ages of 10 to 15 and a decreasing trend in the ages of 16 to 17. There was a statistically significant predominance of females above the cut-off score compared to males (72.3% versus 27.7%), with a ratio of 2.6 females for each male. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that adolescent students have a high level of depressive symptoms, with a clear predominance of females over males, and a probable period of onset concentrated between the ages of 12 and 15 years.

Experiences and Expectations in Evaluating Preparation for an Examination

2000 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 895-898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Schweizer
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Oral Examination ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Personal Optimism ◽  
Past Experiences

The predictability of the evaluation of preparing for an oral examination by means of self-concept and self-esteem as well as optimism and self-efficacy was investigated in a sample of 49 university students. Self-concept was measured by Frankfurter Selbstkonzeptskalen, self-esteem by the 16PF-O scale, personal optimism, social optimism, and self-efficacy by Fragebogen für Personalen Optimismus und Sozialen Optimismus—Erweitert, and the evaluation of the preparation by a self-report sheet. Data were collected 5 wk. before the examination. The self-report sheet was given again one week before the examination. Significant correlations of self-report scores with self-concept scores as well as 16PF-O scores representing past experiences were found for the first assessment. The correlations with personal optimism scores and self-efficacy scores representing expectations were also significant for the second assessment.

scholarly journals Psychometric Properties of the Self-Esteem Questionnaire for South African Adolescents

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren G. Wild ◽  
Alan J. Flisher ◽  
Arvin Bhana ◽  
Carl Lombard
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
South African ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Self ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
Good Internal Consistency ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

This article describes two studies investigating the reliability and factorial validity of scores on the Self-Esteem Questionnaire (SEQ) for assessing self-evaluations relating to peers, school, family, sports/athletics, body image and global self-worth in South African adolescents. Participants were 900 learners enrolled in Grades 8 and 11 at public schools In Cape Town, and 116 Grades 8 and 11 learners attending independent schools. The results provided general support for the six-factor structure proposed by DuBois, Feiner, Brand, Phillips and Lease (1996) and indicated that SEQ scores have good internal consistency and adequate test-retest reliability for English-speaking South Africans. However, minor revisions are needed for all scale scores to have acceptable internal consistency when translated into isiXhosa or Afrikaans.

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