scholarly journals The impact of fatigue on agility and responsiveness in boxing

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-135
Author(s):  
Edyta Sienkiewicz-Dianzenza ◽  
Łukasz Maszczyk
Keyword(s):  
Performance Index ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Training Activities ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
External Stimuli ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Reaction Speed ◽  
Shuttle Run ◽  
Student’S T Test

SummaryStudy aim: To assess the effects of fatigue on agility and responsiveness in boxing.Material and methods: Agroup of 20 amateur boxers aged 14–45 years participated in the study. Ditrich’s test and acomputer test, both measuring the speed of reaction to avisual stimulus, as well as agility run and 4 × 10 m shuttle run with carrying blocks, both measuring agility, were performed. Running agility and reaction speed were measured at 3levels of fatigue expressed by the heart rates. The capacity to maintain the highest possible level of measured variables was assessed by applying the performance index (PI) (mean value of three or four (in the case of Ditrich’s test) repetitions to the maximum one). Student’s t-test for dependent data and Pearson’s correlation coefficients were used in data analysis, the level p ≤ 0.05 being considered significant.Results: Both running agility and responsiveness markedly decreased with mounting fatigue, e.g. running speed from 1.73 ± 0.12 m/s to 1.55 ± 0.11 m/s.Conclusion: Developing anaerobic endurance would markedly improve agility skills and speed of reaction to external stimuli. Measuring the performance index (PI) from short, maximal, repeated exertions spaced with constant intermissions may be a valuable tool in directing training activities towards development of selected elements of boxers’ physical fitness.

scholarly journals Analgesic prescribing habits and patterns of Canadian chief urology residents: A national survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Dergham ◽  
Greg Hosier ◽  
Melanie Jaeger ◽  
J. Curtis Nickel ◽  
D. Robert Siemens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Formal Training ◽  
Knowledge Gaps ◽  
Opioid Prescribing ◽  
Review Course ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Student’S T Test

Introduction: Prior studies have identified significant knowledge gaps in acute and chronic pain management among graduating urology residents as of five years ago. Since then, there has been increasing awareness of the impact of excessive opioid prescribing on long-term narcotic use and development of adverse narcotic-related events. However, it is unclear whether the attitudes and experience of graduating urology residents have changed. We set out to evaluate the attitudes and experience of graduating urology residents in prescribing opioid/non-opioid analgesia for acute (AP), chronic non-cancer (CnC), and chronic cancer (CC) pain. Methods: Graduating urology residents were surveyed at a review course in 2018. The survey consisted of open-ended and close-ended five-point Likert scale questions. Descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U-test, and Student’s t-test were performed. Results: A total of 32 PGY5 urology residents completed our survey (92% response rate). The vast majority agreed that formal training in managing AP/CnC/CC to be valuable (91/78/81%). Most find their training in CnC/CC management to be inadequate and are unaware of any opioid prescribing guidelines; 66% never counsel patients on how to dispose of excess opioids. In general, 88% are comfortable prescribing opioids, whereas most are very uncomfortable prescribing cannabis or antidepressants (100%/78%). Residents reported the Acute Pain Service as the highest-rated resource for information, and dedicated textbooks the least. Conclusions: This survey demonstrated that experience in pain management remains variable among urology residents. Knowledge gaps remain, particularly in the management of chronic cancer/non-cancer pain.

scholarly journals ‘Blood in pee’ campaign: Increased demand on secondary care with no change in cancers diagnosed

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
Kunjan Patel ◽  
Susan Jane Hall ◽  
Kamath Shraddha ◽  
Richard Stanford ◽  
Simon Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Awareness ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Economic Background ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Index Of Multiple Deprivation ◽  
Student’S T Test

Objective: As part of the national Be Clear on Cancer campaign, the ‘blood in pee’ campaign was launched in 2013. We aimed to evaluate the impact of the campaign on 2-week wait (2WW) referrals and the resulting diagnoses of malignancy at a single trust, and secondly, to evaluate the socio-economic background of patients referred. Patients and methods: Suspected cancer 2WW patients in the 3 months pre- and post-campaign were included. Demographics, investigations and diagnoses were recorded. A Kolmogorov–Smirnov test demonstrated a normal distribution. The data were treated as parametric and analysed with the unpaired Student’s t-test. Results: Referrals for visible haematuria significantly increased by 52% from 135 pre-campaign to 205 post-campaign ( p = 0.03). There was a fall in the proportion of patients diagnosed with malignancy from 20.27% pre-campaign to 15.36% post-campaign. The mean index of multiple deprivation score of referrals did not change: p = 0.43. Conclusion: This campaign has increased referrals without increasing the proportion of malignancies diagnosed, placing large demand on services without benefit or extra funding. Nor has the campaign effectively reached deprived socio-economic groups. There is little evidence as to the efficacy of untargeted cancer awareness campaigns and further work is needed to improve their pick-up of malignancies. Level of evidence: 2C

Copper Levels in Patients with Hematological Malignancies

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 4885-4885
Author(s):  
Zoi Saouli ◽  
Michael D. Diamantidis ◽  
Athanasios Papadopoulos ◽  
Georgia Kaiafa ◽  
Fotios I Girtovitis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hematological Malignancies ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
T Test ◽  
Cellular Respiration ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Copper Determination ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Therapeutic Decisions ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Copper is an essential trace element that plays an important role in human biochemistry. Its metabolic pathways involve cellular respiration, peptide biogenesis, connective tissue biosynthesis and antioxidant defense. It is known as an acute phase reactant increasing in response to infection, injure and in chronic inflammatory conditions. AIM: The aim of this study is to observe the alterations of serum copper levels in patients with various hematological malignancies and also to examine the relation of its levels with the extent of the disease and assess the role of copper determination in staging these patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 77 patients (32 male, 45 female) with various hematological diseases were studied. 50 normal, healthy subjects were studied along. Age ranged from 18–75 years (mean age: 63 years). There were 15 patients suffering from chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), 17 from non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), 7 from Hodgkin’s disease, 13 from acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), 8 from multiple myeloma and 17 from remainder hematologic malignancies. Copper was measured by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (normal range 0,8–1,3 mg/l). Statistical analysis was conducted by SPSS 12.0. Student’s t-test was used. RESULTS: Copper levels of the healthy control group were within normal range. When all patients were studied, 51 patients with relapsing disease had elevated copper levels (mean value 1,8 mg/l), whereas 26 patients with remission of their disease had normal copper levels (mean value 1,03 mg/l). Student’s t-test (Sig. two-tailed = p value was 0,000<0,001). When separate disease groups were studied, the results were in accordance with the aforementioned assumption made on all patients: 17 NHL patients (11 relapse − mean copper value = 1,87, 6 remission − mean copper value = 1,12, p<0,001), 15 CLL patients (8 relapse − copper = 1,57, 7 remission − copper = 0,86, p<0,001), 13 AML patients (9 relapse − copper = 1,9, 4 remission − copper = 1,09, p<0,001). CONCLUSIONS: Our study indicates that elevated copper levels are associated with relapsing hematological malignancies, whereas normal copper levels are associated with remission of the underlying disease. Copper determination might prove to be beneficial in staging such patients, which will lead to proper therapeutic decisions.

162 IMPROVED EMBRYO SURVIVAL AND QUALITY WITH EMCARE II

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
A. Harvey ◽  
M. Lane ◽  
J. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Calf Serum ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Tunel Staining ◽  
Embryo Survival ◽  
Improved Outcomes ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Student’S T Test

Collection of embryos exposes them to a number of stresses, including light, air, and changes in temperature. Improvement of holding media to reduce the impact of handling stresses on the embryo during in vivo collection and transfer is therefore beneficial to ensure maintenance of viability following transfer. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of holding IVP-derived blastocysts at 25°C in Emcare I (ECMI, Emcare, Dallas, TX, USA) with those held in Emcare II (ECMII), a proprietry formulation designed to reduce in vitro-induced stress. In vitro-produced bovine embryos were generated using standard protocols. Blastocysts were randomly allocated to either ECMI or ECMII (ICPBio, Aukland, New Zealand) on Day 7 and were held at 25°C for a period of 24 h, after which they were cultured in Cook Bovine Blast (Cook Australia, Brisbane, Australia) supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum for 48 h. At 24 and 48 h, embryos were scored for hatching, and a cohort removed for TUNEL staining at each time point. Differences were analyzed by Student's t-test. At both 24- and 48-h culture, hatching rates tended to be higher for embryos held in ECMII than in ECMI (Table 1). The level of apoptosis at 48 h was reduced in blastocysts held in ECMII (P = 0.06). Moreover, the total cell number of hatched blastocysts at 48 h was significantly increased (1.5-fold) in those held in ECMII (P = 0.01). Results suggest that the formulation of ECMII improves the ability of IVP bovine blastocysts to re-expand and hatch following an imposed stress (25°C for 24 h). Furthermore, ECMII improves overall embryo quality through a reduction in the percentage of cells undergoing apoptosis as well as through increased cell numbers, evident 48 h following cessation of the stress. We suggest that Emcare II reduces the impact of (or increases the embryo's tolerance to and recovery from) an imposed stress, which, although severe in the present study, may provide improved outcomes following embryo transfer in field situations. Table 1. Hatching and apoptosis of blastocysts held at 25°C for 24 h in Emcare I or Emcare II This work was supported with funding by ICPBio (NZ).

scholarly journals Dental caries in children participating in a Dentistry for infants Program

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 503-507
Author(s):  
Letícia Vargas Freire Martins Lemos ◽  
Angela Cristina Cilense Zuanon ◽  
Silvio Issáo Myaki ◽  
Luiz Reynaldo de Figueiredo Walter
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Care Program ◽  
Deciduous Teeth ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Carious Lesions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Student’S T Test

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the impact of the “Dentistry for Infants” early dental care program run by Jacareí County (SP) by comparing the caries of individuals participating and not participating in this program. Methods: In total, 300 children between 0 and 48 months old were assessed in the following two groups: infants not participating in the program (G1, n = 100) and infants participating in the program (G2, n = 200). Each group was further divided according to age in subgroups of 0 to 24 months and 25 to 48 months. All children were clinically assessed for carious lesions using the visual-tactile method. The data were statistically analyzed using a paired Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney test, and χ2 test at a 5% significance level. Results: There was a significant difference in the prevalence (P) and mean index of deciduous teeth (deft) (C) that were decayed, indicated for extraction and filled, and the highest values were observed in G1 (p < 0.0001). The values were as follows: PG1, 73%; PG2, 22%; CG1, 3.45 ± 3.84; and CG2, 0.66 ± 1.57. Conclusion: Participating in the program positively impacted the infants’ oral health.

scholarly journals Basic motor abilities as predictors of mastering an obstacle course designed to test motor skills

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-60
Author(s):  
Lazar Vulin ◽  
Darko Paspalj ◽  
Milan Gužvica ◽  
Milenko Vojvodić
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skills ◽  
Motor Abilities ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hand Tapping ◽  
Motor Tests ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Run Test ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Student’S T Test

The aim of this study was to determine the impact of motor abilities on mastering an obstacle course and define quantitative differences in basic motor abilities between the students awarded poor grades and the students awarded higher grades based on the result achieved on the obstacle course designed to test motor skills. The results of regression analysis demonstrated that motor abilities are important for mastering an obstacle course for testing motor skills and, on the basis of them, we may predict the result that defines the students' specific skills. Moreover, the results of the Student's t-test for independent samples demonstrated a statistically significant difference in the level of motor abilities between the students awarded poor grades and those awarded higher grades. The difference is defined by statistically significantly better values of the results achieved on motor tests: the maximum number of sit-ups (MPTP), stick mobility (MOKP), hand tapping (MTAP) and Cooper's 12 minute run test (MKUP), achieved by the students with higher grades, based on which we can assume that these variables are predictive of successful mastery of the obstacle course for testing motor skills. The results obtained might contribute to a better organization of training work in teaching, especially regarding an approach to improving motor abilities that dominantly have an impact on mastering an obstacle course designed to test motor skills.

scholarly journals Impacts of Aerosol Loading in the Hindu Kush Himalayan Region Based on MERRA-2 Reanalysis Data

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1290
Author(s):  
Shantikumar S. Ningombam ◽  
Umesh Chandra Dumka ◽  
Sivasamy Kalamani Mugil ◽  
Jagdish Chandra Kuniyal ◽  
Rakesh K. Hooda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Reanalysis Data ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Energy Demands ◽  
Hindu Kush ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
The Impact

The impacts of climate change have severely affected geosphere, biosphere and cryosphere ecosystems in the Hindu Kush Himalayan (HKH) region. The impact has been accelerating further during the last few decades due to rapid increase in anthropogenic activities such as modernization, industrialization and urbanization, along with energy demands. In view of this, the present work attempts to examine aerosol optical depth (AOD) over the HKH region using the long-term homogeneous MERRA-2 reanalysis data from January, 1980 to December, 2020. The AOD trends are examined statistically with student’s t-test (t). Due to a vast landmass, fragile topography and harsh climatic conditions, we categorized the HKH region into three sub-regions, namely, the northwestern and Karakoram (HKH1), the Central (HKH2) and the southeastern Himalaya and Tibetan Plateau (HKH3). Among the sub-regions, the significant enhancement of AOD is observed at several potential sites in the HKH2 region, namely, Pokhara, Nainital, Shimla and Dehradun by 55.75 × 10−4 ± 3.76 × 10−4, 53.15 × 10−4 ± 3.94 × 10−4, 51.53 × 10−4 ± 4.99 × 10−4 and 39.16 × 10−4 ± 4.08 × 10−4 AOD year−1 (550 nm), respectively, with correlation coefficients (Rs) of 0.86 to 0.93. However, at a sub-regional scale, HKH1, HKH2 and HKH3 exhibit 23.33 × 10−4 ± 2.28 × 10−4, 32.20 × 10−4 ± 2.58 × 10−4 and 9.48 × 10−4 ± 1.21 × 10−4 AOD year−1, respectively. The estimated trends are statistically significant (t > 7.0) with R from 0.81 to 0.91. Seasonally, the present study also shows strong positive AOD trends at several potential sites located in the HKH2 region, such as Pokhara, Nainital, Shimla and Dehradun, with minimum 19.81 × 10−4 ± 3.38 × 10−4 to maximum 72.95 × 10−4 ± 4.89 × 10−4 AOD year−1 with statistical significance. In addition, there are also increasing AOD trends at all the high-altitude background sites in all seasons.

scholarly journals Dental Students’ Didactic and Psychomotor Skills Performance in Dental Anatomy and Preclinical Operative Dentistry Courses in a Saudi Governmental School

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Afnan O. Al-Zain ◽  
Adel M. Abdel-Azim ◽  
Hisham I. Othman
Keyword(s):  
Student Performance ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Psychomotor Skills ◽  
Operative Dentistry ◽  
Dental Anatomy ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Student’S T Test

Background. Knowledge and psychomotor skills are essential in dental education. The aims were to (1) investigate the correlation between dental students’ didactic and psychomotor skills performance in the dental anatomy and preclinical operative dentistry courses and (2) explore the impact of gender on students’ performance in both courses. Materials and Methods. A retrospective cohort study was performed on dental students’ (164 students; 72 males and 92 females) dental anatomy and preclinical operative courses scores of the same class over 2 years (2018–2020). Didactic and practical scores were collected. The didactic scores included examinations. Practical scores included tooth wax carving for the dental anatomy course and class II cavity preparations and restorations for the preclinical operative. Student’s t-test and ANOVA were used to analyze the difference between the didactic and psychomotor skills scores of both courses and genders. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to explore correlations ( p < 0.05 ). Results. Moderate, positive, and significant correlations were found between didactic scores in both courses and between dental anatomy’s didactic and psychomotor skills. A weak, positive, and significant correlation existed between the preclinical operative didactic and psychomotor silks ( p < 0.05 ). Females’ didactic performance was significantly better than males. Gender had a significant, positive, and moderate correlation in the dental anatomy course, but moderate-weak in preclinical operative ( p < 0.05 ). Conclusion. Students’ didactic and psychomotor performance correlations in dental anatomy and preclinical operative courses were positive. The correlation was moderate and weak and varied by course. Gender had a significant impact on student performance and varied by procedure and courses investigated.

scholarly journals Evaluation of C-Reactive Protein in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ljiljana Simonovska ◽  
Irfan Ahmeti ◽  
Vladimir Mitreski
Keyword(s):  
Mean Value ◽  
T Test ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Bronchial Obstruction ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Exacerbation Of Copd ◽  
Student’S T Test

BACKGROUND: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is associated with evidence of systemic oxidative stress, activation of circulating inflammatory cells and increased plasma level of proinflamatory cytokines which include C-reactive protein (CRP). CRP is one biomarker of extrapulmonary or systemic consequences of COPD that can be detected.AIM: The aim of this research is to determine whether the level of CRP statistically significantly correlates with the level of bronchial obstruction and the accompanying co-morbidities in patients with COPD.MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study included 80 patients with exacerbation of COPD, hospitalised at the Institute for Lung Diseases and Tuberculosis in Skopje. We measured the level of CRP in the blood in all of these patients in fasting conditions. The classification of COPD patients by the severity of airflow limitation was made according to the actual version of the Global initiative for chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD). The Student’s Independent Samples t-test was used for the statistic analysis of the data.RESULTS: In 52 (65%) of the patients with exacerbation of COPD we detected an increase of the mean value of CRP. The statistical analysis using the Student’s t-test showed statistically significant differences in the mean value of CRP in patients with different level of bronchial obstruction. Hypertension, heart failure, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, coronary disease, and CVI were confirmed as co-morbidities in 45 (73.1%) of the patients, hypertension being the most frequent one (40%). The statistical analysis using the Student’s t-test showed statistically significant difference of the mean value of CRP (p< 0.01) depending on the number of co-morbidities.CONCLUSION: In 52 (65%) of the patients with exacerbation of COPD, were detected an increase of the mean value of CRP. The mean values of CRP statistically significantly correlate with the level of bronchial obstruction and the number of co-morbidities in patients with COPD.

scholarly journals TITULADOR AUTOMÁTICO EM FLUXO-BATELADA UTILIZANDO UM HARDWARE DE CÓDIGO FONTE ABERTO ARDUINO

Química Nova ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Soares ◽  
Rúbia Rodrigues ◽  
Carla Bossu ◽  
Márcio Soares ◽  
Sidney Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potentiometric Titration ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Inert Material ◽  
Chemistry Students ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Open Source Hardware ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Student’S T Test

AUTOMATIC TITROMETRIC METHOD IN FLOW-BATCH CONTROLLED BY AN ARDUINO OPEN SOURCE HARDWARE. This work describes the development of an automatic titrometric method in flow-batch with potentiometric detection using alternative and easily accessible materials. Arduino board and its modules, solenoid valves to control the flow rate, peristaltic pump to propel and suction fluids and tubes of inert material to connect the different parts of the Flow-Batch Analyser (FBA) were used. The use of solenoid valves controlled by microcontrollers proved to be efficient for controlling the flow in FBA systems, the correlations of their flow rates as a function of time showed good linearity with correlation coefficients (r) 0.9994 and 0.9997 for the valve 1 and valve 2, respectively, allowing correct addition of pre-established volumes. Accuracy was verified by comparing the results of the proposed method with the classic potentiometric titration with statistically evaluated by Student’s t-test in NaOH with HCl and vinegar with NaOH titrations. Results confirmed the efficiency to use Arduino board and its modules and automatic titrometric method in flow-batch developed in this work allow the implementation of practical disciplines, such as potentiometric titration and flow analysis system in undergraduate courses, making these instruments more accessible, especially for the chemistry students.

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