scholarly journals Effects of Organic acid Blend on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility and Concentration of Volatile Fatty Acids in the Faeces of Young Pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
L. Bujňák ◽  
P. Naď ◽  
T. Mihok
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Young Pigs

Abstract The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of a feeding diet containing a dry organic acid blend (lactic acid—ammonium formate—ammonium propionate—citrate—sorbate) in young pigs on their: performance, the apparent total tract digestibility of nutrients and the concentration of volatile fatty acids in their faeces. A total of 12 crossbred pigs (Slovakian White × Landrace) with an initial live weight of 12.78 ± 1.86 kg were divided into two dietary treatments. The experimental period lasted 28 days. Pigs were fed a control diet (control group) or a diet supplemented with a dry organic acid (OA) blend, 0.6 g per 100 g feed (experimental group). Compared with the control group, the average daily gain (ADG) was improved (P < 0.05) by OA blend over the period of the investigation (0—28 days). For the apparent total tract digestibility determination, ash which is insoluble in hydrochloric acid was used as a marker. The apparent total tract digestibility of crude protein and total ash was improved (P < 0.05) by the OA blend in the experiment. Compared with the control group, the concentration of the total volatile fatty acid in the faeces increased (P < 0.05) in pigs supplemented with the OA blend. The concentration of butyric acid in the faeces tended to be higher (P < 0.01) in pigs supplemented with the OA blend compared with the control group. In conclusion, the addition of 0.6 g per 100 g feed had a positive effect on: growth performance, total tract digestibility of crude protein and the concentration of volatile fatty acids in the faeces of young pigs.

The effectiveness of use of enterosorbent Shelltic Es when rearing of young pigs

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-11
Author(s):  
S. Grikshas ◽  
N. Kulmakova ◽  
K. Spitsyna ◽  
A. Dar’in ◽  
T. Mittelshtein
Keyword(s):  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Feed Digestibility ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
Carcinogenic Effects ◽  
Experimental Group

Mycotoxins have been formed in feed are secondary metabolites of fungi and are quite stable substances that have teratogenic, mutagenic and carcinogenic effects. An effective way to combat mycotoxins in feed is the use of feed additives that adsorb toxins, prevent their absorption in the gastrointestinal tract of the animal and are excreted from the body. The infl uence of coconut enterosorbent Shelltic Es on fattening and meat qualities of young pigs has been studied. It has been found in the process of fattening that the highest feed digestibility was in pigs of the experimental group, in the diet of which enterosorbent has been added. The results of studies of the chemical composition and technological properties of pork have been provided. The positive eff ect of enterosorbent on precocity, absolute average daily gain of live weight and reduction of feed expenditures per 1 kg of gain has been revealed. In pigs from the experimental group the average thickness of the fat was higher and the area of the “muscle eye” was lower compared with animals of the control group, which indicates that higher rates of carcass yield have been obtained due to faster accumulation of fat tissue. The weight of internal organs of pigs indicates the intensity of metabolic processes in the body. In experimental animals the weight of the lungs was 0,1 kg lower, and the liver and heart were higher by 0,13 and 0,01 kg, respectively. Enterosorbent had no effect on the content of vitamins in the liver of pigs of the compared groups. The content of impurities of organochlorine toxicants and toxic elements in the meat and liver of animals of the experimental group was lower than that of control analogues. Therefore, the use of enterosorbent Shelltic Es promotes more active excretion of them from the body.

scholarly journals Effects of Rocket Seed Oil, Wheat Germ Oil, and Their Mixture on Growth Performance, Feed Utilization, Digestibility, Redox Status, and Meat Fatty Acid Profile of Growing Rabbits

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 662
Author(s):  
Sabrin Abdelrahman Morshedy ◽  
Ahmed M. Abdelmodather ◽  
Mohamed M. Basyony ◽  
Soliman A. Zahran ◽  
Mohamed A. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Wheat Germ ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Feed Utilization ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Wheat Germ Oil

Vegetable oils are a source of natural antioxidants, including tocopherols, sterols, phenolic compounds, coenzymes, and polyunsaturated fatty acids that provide nutritional value, organoleptic properties, and significantly delay or prevent lipid oxidation. Eighty-four V-line rabbits at 5 weeks of age with an initial body weight (BW) of 535.60 ± 13.48 g were assigned randomly to four experimental groups (seven replicates in each group with three rabbits each). The first group served as a control and received 0.3 mL/kg BW of distilled water (CON), while the second and third groups received 0.3 mL/kg BW of rocket seed oil (RSO) and wheat germ oil (WGO), respectively. The fourth group received a mixture of oils consisting of 0.15 mL of RSO and 0.15 mL of WGO/kg BW (MOs). The experiment lasted 7 weeks. The study investigated the effects of RSO, WGO, and their mixture on growth performance, feed utilization, antioxidant status, and immune response of growing rabbits. The results indicated that the rabbits that were administered orally with RSO and WGO or their mixture had higher (p ≤ 0.05) final BW, weight gain, and average daily gain when compared to the control group. In addition, the feed conversion ratio improved significantly with RSO, WGO, and MOs treatments. Different oil treatments improved nutrient digestibility, nutritive value, and nitrogen balance. Moreover, the rabbits that received RSO, WGO, and their mixture had an improvement the meat fatty acid composition compared to the control rabbits. Oral administration of RSO, WGO, and their mixture significantly improved serum protein fractions, decreased blood urea nitrogen, and had a positive effect on serum total lipids, HDL-c, and LDL-c. Furthermore, the treatments of RSO, WGO, and MOs had a significant improvement in the antioxidative status and immune response.

EFFECT OF VARIOUS FORMS OF SELENIUM ON THE PRODUCTIVITY AND METABOLISM OF FATTENED YOUNG PIGS IN PRODUCTION CONDITIONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-65
Author(s):  
M.G. CHABAEV ◽  
◽  
E.YU. TSIS ◽  
R.V. NEKRASOV ◽  
M.I. KLEMENTEV
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protein Activity ◽  
Large White ◽  
Organic Selenium ◽  
Young Pigs

Selenium plays an important role for maintaining complex and adequate nutrition of fattened young pigs. It also has a big biological importance to maintain growth and health, as well as for biochemical and physiological processes This study presents the results of a production experiment to determine the effect of organic and inorganic forms of selenium on growth indicators, immunohematological blood parameters and slaughter qualities of fattened pigs in period I and II. Test feeding with various forms of selenium has been implemented with two groups of analogs (N = 60; n = 30), taking into account age and live weight. The experiment was conducted on castrates of large white breed, which were divided into two groups of 30 heads each following the principle of analogues (taking into account their age, live weight). The studied fattened pigs received standard complete feeds of the SK-5 and SK-6 types for a period of 105 days. Growing pigs were fed with organic selenium for 20 mg/kg as part of the feed 64 mixture per head in the first and second period of fattening, while the animals of the control group were fed with 0.3 mg/kg of the inorganic form of selenium. Including a chelated form of selenium in the complete feed of castrates at the rate established in the course of scientific and economic studies has led to 757 g of average daily gain, which is 8.1% more as compared to the control group. The concentration of red blood cells in the blood of growing pigs fed with 20 mg/kg of selenium chelate increased by 6.3%, hemoglobin – by 2.4%, and white blood cells – by 7.1% as compared to the control. Feeding organic selenium to fattened young pigs contributed to a significant increase in specific units of protein activity by 38.65% (p < 0.01), BASC – by 7.63%, as well as lysis – by 40.06% (p < 0.05), and phagocytic activity by 3.33% in blood serum as compared to the control. The half-carcasses of hogs who had received fed rations including selenium chelate fetured slaughter weight and slaughter yield, respectively, higher – by 6.4 and 0.6% as compared with the control analogues. The use of the established norm of organic selenium in the diets of fattened young pigs according to the results of production testing is economically profitable and contributes to a per-head profit of 420 rubles.

scholarly journals Short communication: Growth performance, nutrient digestibility and blood parameters of fattening lambs fed diet replacing corn with orange pulp

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. e06SC01 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saman Lashkari ◽  
Akbar Taghizadeh ◽  
Hamid Paya ◽  
Søren K. Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Quadratic Effect ◽  
Orange Pulp

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of replacing corn with orange pulp (OP) on growth performance, rumen fermentation, nutrient digestibility and blood parameters of fattening lambs. Twenty male lambs were placed in individual pens and fed with four levels of replacement of corn by OP (0, 33, 66, 100%) during 60 days. Average daily gain (ADG) showed a quadratic effect (p<0.007) with the increasing levels of replacement. Inclusion of 33 and 66% of OP in the diet significantly increased dry matter intake (DMI) compared to control group (p<0.01). Ruminal ammonia-N concentration showed a linear decrease (p<0.002). Ruminal fluid pH increased linearly with the increasing replacement of corn by OP (p<0.001). Acetate concentration showed a linear increase (p<0.001). Plasma total protein showed a linear increase (p<0.002). Organic matter, crude protein and neutral detergent fiber showed a quadratic effect with the level of replacement. The results of the present study showed that replacement of corn by OP improves DMI of fattening lambs, leading to an enhancement in ADG at the replacement level of 40.3%. Also, total replacement of corn by OP did not have any adverse effect on growth performance, rumen fermentation, nutrient digestibility and blood parameters.

scholarly journals Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility and Carcass Characteristics of Pigs Fed Diets Containing Amarula (Sclerocarya Birrea A. Rich) Nut Cake as Replacement To Soybean Meal

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maggy Palesa Mabena ◽  
Moses Ratsaka ◽  
Thobela Nkukwana ◽  
Ingrid Malebana ◽  
Douglas Nkosi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Large White ◽  
Sclerocarya Birrea

Abstract This experiment evaluated varying levels of Amarula (Sclerocarya birrea A. Rich) nut cake (ANC) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and carcass characteristics in pigs. Thirty Large White × Landrace (LW × LR) pigs were stratified by weight (average live weight of 20 ± 5 kg) and randomly allocated to the five experimental diets that contained 0 (control), 50, 100, 150 and 200 g ANC/kg DM. Each pig served as a replicate unit, housed individually. Bodyweight, feed intake, average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were recorded weekly throughout the trial period. On completion of the growth trial, following a 3-day adaptation, a nutrient digestibility study was conducted over 5 days. Thereafter, pigs were fasted for twelve hours, weighed, slaughtered, and carcass samples were collected for analysis. Feed intake was not affected by dietary treatment, but ADGs were reduced at ANC levels > 15%, resulting in poor FCR. Protein digestibility was reduced at ANC levels > 15%, while ether extract and fibre levels increased. Warm and cold carcass weights were lower at ANC levels > 15, with improved meat redness and lightness. It was concluded that ANC could replace SBM in the diet of growing pigs at less than 15% inclusion level.

scholarly journals Manipulation of Rumen Fermentation and Microbial Diversity for Live-Weight Gains of Sheep as Influenced by Ginger Powder and Lime Peel

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. I. Okoruwa ◽  
E. O. Aidelomon
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Ginger Powder ◽  
Lime Peel

The study was conducted to determine the influence of ginger powder and lime peel on manipulation of rumen function for live-weight gains of sheep. Twenty four West African dwarf sheep of about 8 – 9 months old with average weight of 7.00 ± 0.95kg were randomly assigned to four treatment diets in a completely randomized design. The prepared diets contained; ED1 (0% ginger powder and 0% lime peel powder that served as control group), ED2 (0% ginger powder and 3% lime peel), ED3 (1.5% ginger powder and 1.5% lime peel) and ED4 (3% ginger powder and 0% lime peel). In all the diets examined, ED1 showed higher significant (p<0.05) values in total fungi, Acetobact xylinum, Methanogens, total protozoa, Entodiniomorphs, Holotrichs, ammonia-nitrogen, total volatile fatty acids, acetate, butyrate and feed conversion ratio. However, total bacteria, Ruminococcus albus, Ruminococcus fibrisolvens, Bacillus spp, propionate, feed intake, nutrient digestibility, final and daily weight gains indicated significant (p<0.05) higher values in diet ED3 than diets ED1, ED2 and ED4. Rumen pH was significantly (p<0.05) higher in ED4 as compared with other diets. There was no significant (p>0.05) difference in Fibrobacter succinogens, iso-butyrate, valerate, iso-valerate and initial weight among diets. It can be concluded that using 1.5% ginger powder and 1.5% lime peel in the diets enhanced rumen fermentation and ecology for growth performance of sheep.

scholarly journals By-products of apricot processing in quail feed: Effects on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat physicochemical quality

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 878-883
Author(s):  
Fatma Boubekeur ◽  
Rafik Arbouche ◽  
Yasmine Arbouche ◽  
Fodil Arbouche
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Partial Substitution ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
By Products

Background and Aim: The rearing of quails can have a stronger attraction for the breeders if we lower the cost prices by introducing by-products in their feed formulas. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the partial substitution of soybean meal by apricot kernel cake (AKC) in the diet of quails, applied either sequentially or during all phases of rearing, on their growth performances, carcass characteristics, and meat physicochemical composition. Materials and Methods: A total of 600 one-day-old quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica), with equal sex ratio and weighing on average 7±0.2 g, were randomly distributed in one control group and three experimental groups, the latter being designed according to the rate of application of AKC in either sequential or non-sequential mode in different rearing phases. Each group was divided into five replicates of 30 quails, randomly distributed according to either substitution rate of soybean meal by the AKC (0%, 10%, 20%, or 30%) or farming phase. Results: The average daily gain from the 1st to 45th days (average daily gain1–45d) was found to be the highest (4.24 g/d/subject, p=0.021) for the 30% AKC-supplemented feed lot in either starter or finish incorporation (DFTAA), having an optimum final live weight of 193.4 g (p=0.028), a lowest feed conversion ratio of 3.08 (p=0.001), and a daily feed intake of 860 g (p=0.01). Carcass yield was recorded the highest (74.4%, p=0.02) with an optimum meat protein level (30.6%, p=0.024) and the lowest fat content (2.26%, p=0.001) for the same group as well. Conclusion: The partial substitution of soybean meal by AKC in the quails' fattening feeding, during the finishing phase and for all rearing phases, led to a better growth performance, a better carcass yield, and an improved chemical composition of meat.

scholarly journals The Effects of Different Levels of Citric Acid on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility and Gastrointestinal pH of Weaned Piglets

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi Wenying ◽  
Lu Chunlian ◽  
Li Shang ◽  
Song Jiachun ◽  
Cao Hongzhan
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Gastrointestinal Ph ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Levels

Background: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of citric acid (CA) on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility and gastrointestinal pH of weaned piglets. Methods: A total of 120 weaned piglets with an initial BW of 7.15±0.01 kg, were randomly divided into four groups including control treatment each with three replicates of 10 piglets each. Each group was supplemented with 0.5% (control group), 1%, 1.5% and 2% CA in the basal diet, respectively. Result: The results showed that the average daily feed intake (ADFI) and average daily gain (ADG) of added 1% CA group were significantly higher than that of 0.5% group (P less than 0.05). Dietary CA significantly improved the utilization rates of crude protein, calcium and phosphorus (P less than 0.05), while there was no significant difference between adding 1% and 1.5% CA (P greater than 0.05). Compared with the control group, adding CA effectively reduced the pH of the stomach, duodenum jejunum and ileum contents and adding 2% CA were significantly lower than those in other groups (P less than 0.05). Therefore, the addition of 1.0% CA in the diets of weaned piglets is suitable.

Fattening of young pigs when using the compound feed with the inclusion of smectic kizelgur and calf skim milk replacer

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-26
Author(s):  
L. Gamko ◽  
M. Badyrkhanov
Keyword(s):  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Milk Replacer ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pork Production ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Different Doses

The purpose of the researches was to study the influence of different doses of smectic kizelgur and calf skim milk replacer in the recipes of compound feed for young pigs under the conditions of industrial pork production technology. The experimental part of the work has been performed under the conditions of the pig complex of LLC “BMPK” in the Karachevsky area in the Bryansk region. The research materials were compound feed for young pigs on fattening in the inclusion of different doses of smectic kizelgur. The infl uence of feeding compound feed with different doses of smectic kizelgur and calf skim milk replacer to young pigs on productivity, digestibility of nutrients and use of nitrogen, morphological and biochemical parameters of blood, fattening and meat traits of young pigs has been studied. Effective recipes for feeding compound feeds to young pigs prepared with the inclusion of different doses of smectic kizelgur and calf skim milk replacer have been identified. The data have been obtained from the first experiment of young pigs when them fed compound feed with different doses of smectic kizelgur; it has been followed that at the end of fattening the biggest live weight of gilts had in the 4th experimental group fed compound feed, which included 3 % smectic kizelgur. The influence of the additive on changes in live weight and daily gains when adding smectic kizelgur to compound feed in doses of 1,5 and 2,0 % was less, but the trend to increase these indicators over the period of fattening has remained. In the second experiment young pigs have been fed by compound feed, which included different doses of smectic kizelgur and calf skim milk replacer the average daily gain in live weight was higher in the 3rd experimental group, where they fed compound feed with the addition of 2,5 % smectic kizelgur and 2,5 % calf skim milk replacer by 2,2 %, than in the control group. The highest efficiency has been also obtained in the 3rd experimental group, where the monetary revenue has been received by 2160 rubles more in comparison with the control group of pigs.

scholarly journals Comparative study of yeast selenium vs. sodium selenite on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activity in weaned piglets challenged by Salmonella typhimurium

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 248-258
Author(s):  
Liangkang Lv ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Zhengya Liu ◽  
Long Lei ◽  
Zhi Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Sodium Selenite ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of selenium from different sources on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and blood immune indices of piglets orally challenged with Salmonella typhimurium (ST). In a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement, 32 piglets (6.43 ± 0.54 kg of body mass) were assigned into four groups with or without dietary inclusion of sodium selenite (SS) or yeast selenium (YS) and with or without ST challenge (5 ml 1 × 109 cfu/ml ST or 5 ml saline) on d 13. In each period, YS increased average daily feed intake and average daily gain but did not reach statistical significance. During the challenged stage, piglets fed YS had higher digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, and YS reduced the amount of Escherichia coli in feces. Additionally, YS regulated the composition of T-lymphocyte subset and influenced the production of inflammatory cytokines. In conclusion, in this study selenium-enriched yeast was more effective in enhancing nutrient digestibility, and inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress by inducing the activity of the lymphocytes, expression of antioxidant enzymes and so on.

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