Foliar and root treatments of cucumber with potassium naphthenate: Antioxidative responses

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 1101-1108
Author(s):  
Slavko Kevrešan ◽  
Ivana Maksimović ◽  
Boris Popović ◽  
Dubravka Štajner ◽  
Marina Putnik-Delić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Antioxidative Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Antioxidative Status ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Total Antioxidant

AbstractThis work presents a study of the effect of foliar and root application of low concentrations (0.1–10 µM) of potassium naphthenate on the antioxidative status of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), assessed for both local and systemic organs. Changes in the contents of proline and glutathione indicate that the treatment of plants with potassium naphthenate can be characterized as a mild abiotic stress. The antioxidative system of cucumber plants is sensitive to such treatment, since organs directly exposed to the chemical showed a decrease in total antioxidant activities and an increase in peroxidation. In the organs that were not directly treated, an increase in the total antioxidative activity was observed only at the lowest naphthenate concentration while at higher concentrations this activity tended to decrease. As far as the activities of antioxidant enzymes (guaiacol peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase) are concerned, the responses observed differed between enzymes for a given treatment, but showed similar trends within treated local and untreated systemic organs.

Cereals frost resistance correlates with an integral indicators of content of low-molecular-weight protective compounds and activity of antioxidant enzymes

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-86
Author(s):  
O. I. Horielova ◽  
◽  
N. I. Ryabchun ◽  
M. A. Shkliarevskyi ◽  
A. M. Reznik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Frost Resistance ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidant ◽  
Adult Plants

Along with specific adaptive reactions, universal defense reactions, in particular activation of antioxidant system, are of great importance for plant survival under cold conditions. We have studied a relationship among the content of low-molecular-weight protective compounds with antioxidant properties (proline, soluble carbohydrates, flavonoids), the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and guaiacol peroxidase) in seedlings of winter wheat, rye and triticale, and frost resistance of etiolated seedlings and adult plants at tillering stage. It was found that there was a fairly close correlation between the frost resistance of seedlings and adult cereal plants (r = 0,78). It was shown that a pronounced relationship between individual indicators of antioxidant system functioning in unhardened seedlings and their frost resistance was not found. After 6-day hardening of seedlings at 2-4°C, there was a high correlation between the total indicator of the enzymatic antioxidant system (the sum of normalized indicators of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase activity) and their frost resistance (r = 0,86), but the correlation coefficient of this index with frost resistance of plants in tillering phase was significantly lower (r = 0,47). At the same time, a high correlation was found between the content of low-molecular-weight protectors in hardened seedlings and frost resistance of tillering adult plants (r = 0.89). The closest correlation was observed between the integral normalized indicator, comprising the sum of normalized values of antioxidant enzymes activity and the content of low-molecular-weight protectors in hardened seedlings, and frost resistance of seedlings (r = 0,94) and plants in tillering phase (r = 0,89). A presence of specific features in the functioning of antioxidant system during cold adaptation of cereal seedlings was established. Rye is characterized by a high content of low-molecular-weight protective compounds; at the same time, increased activity of antioxidant enzymes - superoxide dismutase and catalase - was noted in wheat seedlings. In triticale, depending on the genotype, the values of both enzymatic antioxidant activity and the content of low-molecular-weight protectors varied.

scholarly journals Health benefits of new symbiotic “NAR”

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saule Saduakhasova ◽  
Almagul Kushugulova ◽  
Samat Kozhakhmetov ◽  
Gulnara Shakhabayeva ◽  
Adil Supiyev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Glutathione Reductase ◽  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Intact Cells ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Introduction: The immune-modulatory effects of synbiotics and their ability to reduce free radical levels may be useful for functional food that is able to be active throughout whole period of colonization of the gastrointestinal tract.The aim of the present study was to investigate the immune-modulatory and antioxidant effects of the synbiotic product "NАR," a probiotic beverage.Methods: The presence of IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, αTNF, γIFN, Ig A, Ig M, and Ig E was studied in vitro using a solid immunosorbent analysis. The total antioxidant activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase were determined by a spectrophotometry using the Sigma-Aldrich sets.Results: Studies of the immune-modulatory properties of the synbiotic product NAR showed 1.7 fold increase of γINF levels (p<0.01) in blood after consumption of the synbiotic product “NAR” in comparison to control values, whereas the concentrations of IL-4 and Ig E decreased 2.0 times (treatment: 9.3; control: 18.7; p<0.01) and 1.3 times (p<0.1), respectively. The consumption of the synbiotic product “NAR” caused an increase in the proportion of γINF/IL 4 (treatment: 15.4; control: 4.4; p<0.01), which indicates a reduction in functional activity of Th2-type lymphocytes in comparison with the function of Th1 cells.Our study showed a high level of the total antioxidant activity of the synbiotic product (67.4 mmol/ml). The antioxidant activity of the intact cells of consortium (15.3 mM/ml), which was the basis for the preparation of the symbiotic product, is several times lower than the activity observed in the symbiotic samples.Expression of SOD is one of the mechanisms of antioxidant stress radicals inactivation by bacteria. The analysis identified a superoxide dismutase activity of synbiotic product (1.42 U/mg protein). A glutathione reductase activity of the synbiotic product was elevated (0.06 U/ml). Conclusion: The majority of the inflammatory mediators found in the blood after the consumption of symbiotic product NAR were inflammatory mediators that activate a cellular component of the resistance. Moreover, the symbiotic product has a high antioxidant activity. 

scholarly journals Effects of double stress on antioxidant enzyme activity in Vigna radiata (L.)Wilczek

2013 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zamin S. Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Glutathione Reductase ◽  
Ascorbate Peroxidase ◽  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Combined Stress ◽  
Stress Environment

Abstract The effects of double stress environment i.e. lead (heavy metal) and NaCl (saline) on the activity of antioxidant enzymes in Vigna radiata seedling were studied. The antioxidant activities of enzymes, i.e of superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, guaiacol peroxidase, glutathione reductase and their activity proportions were examined. Superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, guaiacol peroxidase and glutathione reductase activities were substantially increased in a combined stress environment as compared to catalase. Further, in comparison with catalase and ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase showed increased activities together with superoxide dismutase in a combined stress environment. Superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase showed higher activity proportion in combined treatment. Physiological role of these enzymes in stress tolerance mechanism is discussed.

Evaluation of antioxidant enzymes activity in canola under salt stress

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jafar Abili ◽  
Sajjad Zare
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Semi Arid

Salinity is one of the major stresses in arid and semi-arid regions causing adverse effects at physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels, limiting crop productivity. In this research, three canola cultivars (Licord, Talayeh, Zarfam) were compared at 5 salinity levels (control, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mM) for their catalase, guaiacol peroxidase, superoxide dismutase activity,proline and yield in a completely randomized design with 3 replications. In our study, we found that NaCl concentrations greater than 150 and 200 mM caused the irreversible disorders. Increased salt concentrations led to significant changes in the levels of antioxidative enzymes and proline in three canola cultivars. Also, yield rates in three varieties decreased in the presence of NaCl concentrations.

Tempeh extract reduces cellular ROS levels and upregulates the expression of antioxidant enzymes

Food Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-128
Author(s):  
R. Surya ◽  
A. Romulo ◽  
Y. Suryani
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Soybean Extract ◽  
Cellular Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase 3 ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase 2

Tempeh is an Indonesian traditional food produced from soybeans through a mould fermentation involving Rhizopus oligosporus. It is rich in bioactive phytochemicals, including isoflavones that are known to exhibit antioxidant activities. This study aimed to investigate the ability of tempeh ethanol extract to reduce cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in HepG2 cells in vitro. Tempeh extract exhibited greater total phenolics, total flavonoids and free radical inhibition capacity than soybean extract. Both tempeh extract and soybean extract reduced the basal levels of cellular ROS in the cells, but tempeh extract induced higher expression of antioxidant enzymes [catalase, superoxide dismutase-2 (SOD2) and superoxide dismutase-3 (SOD3)] compared to soybean extract. This study provides novel evidence suggesting the ability of tempeh to tackle cellular oxidative stress by upregulating the expression of antioxidant enzymes. These findings would give an insight into the potential of tempeh to be developed as a functional food beneficial for human health.

scholarly journals Effect of Selenium on Alleviating Oxidative Stress Caused by a Water Deficit in Cucumber Roots

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jóźwiak ◽  
Politycka
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Hydroxyl Radicals ◽  
Plasma Membranes ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Superoxide Anions ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Cucumber Roots

The aim of the study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity of selenium in the roots of Cucumis sativus L. seedlings pre-treated with selenium (Se) in the form of sodium selenite at concentrations of 1, 5, and 10 µM, and then subjected to a water deficit (WD). It has been hypothesized that Se, in low concentrations, alleviates an oxidative stress caused by a WD in the cucumber roots. A WD was introduced by the surface dehydration of roots. The aim of the research was to compare the changes accompanying oxidative stress in plants growing in the presence of Se and in its absence. The study concerns the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) —superoxide anions (O2•−), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals (•OH)—as well the activities of the antioxidant enzymes lowering the ROS level—ascorbate peroxidase (APX), peroxidase (POX), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). A WD caused oxidative stress, i.e., the enhanced generation of ROS. Selenium at the concentrations of 1 and 5 μM increased the tolerance of cucumber seedlings to oxidative stress caused by a WD by increasing the activities of the antioxidant enzymes, and it also limited the damage of plasma membranes as a result of the inhibition of lipid peroxidation.

scholarly journals Up-Regulation of Antioxidants in Tobacco by Low Concentrations of H2O2 Suppresses Necrotic Disease Symptoms

2012 ◽  
Vol 102 (9) ◽  
pp. 848-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaser Mohamed Hafez ◽  
Renáta Bacsó ◽  
Zoltán Király ◽  
András Künstler ◽  
Lóránt Király
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Central Component ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Necrotic Symptoms

Pretreatment of tobacco leaves with low concentrations (5 to 10 mM) of H2O2 suppressed hypersensitive-type necrosis associated with resistance to Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) or Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola. The same pretreatment resulted in suppression of normosensitive necrosis associated with susceptibility to Botrytis cinerea. This type of H2O2-mediated, induced disease symptom resistance correlated with enhanced host antioxidant capacity, i.e., elevated enzymatic activities of catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and guaiacol peroxidase (POX) after viral and bacterial infections. Induction of genes that encode the antioxidants superoxide dismutase (SOD), CAT, and APX was also enhanced early after TMV infection. Artificial application of SOD and CAT suppressed necroses caused by viral, bacterial, or fungal pathogens similarly as H2O2 pretreatment, implying that H2O2-mediated symptom resistance operates through enhancement of plant antioxidant capacity. Pathogen multiplication was not significantly affected in H2O2-pretreated plants. Salicylic acid (SA), a central component of plant defense, does not seem to function in this type of H2O2-mediated symptom resistance, indicated by unchanged levels of free and bound SA and a lack of early up-regulation of an SA glucosyltransferase gene in TMV-infected H2O2-pretreated tobacco. Taken together, H2O2-mediated, induced resistance to necrotic symptoms in tobacco seems to depend on enhanced antioxidant capacity.

Avocado/soy unsaponifiables can redress the balance between serum antioxidant and oxidant levels in patients with osteoarthritis: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over study

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zohreh Jangravi ◽  
Saeed Basereh ◽  
Ali Zaree Mahmoudabadi ◽  
Mehdi Saberi ◽  
Gholam Hossein Alishiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
The Other ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Abstract Objectives Osteoarthritis (OA) is an inflammatory disorder of the joint characterized by pain and stiffness. Oxidative stress plays an important role in pathogenesis of OA. We aimed to evaluate the effects of avocado/soy unsaponifiables (ASU) compound on serum antioxidant and oxidative stress in patients with Osteoarthritis. Methods A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial was performed. Fourty patients with osteoarthritis were randomized to two different sequences: 1) DP: received ASU for three months followed by three months placebo, 2) PD: received placebo for the first three months followed by three months ASU. The oxidant statue was evaluated by measurement of serum malonldialdehyde (MDA). The total antioxidant capacity (TAC), reduced glutathione (GSH) and antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were also assessed. Results Mean serum of MDA level as a marker of oxidative stress significantly decreased in all patients after three months treatment with ASU (4.46 ± 0.11 nmol/L) compare with baseline and placebo levels (5 ± 0.15 and 5.82 ± 0.12 nmol/L respectively) (p<0.05). On the other hand, ASU resulted in positive changes in serum antioxidant levels (p<0.05). Mixed-effects model of variance analyses showed that ASU effect is regardless of the order of receiving medication (p>0.05). Conclusions These data showed that Avocado/Soy Unsaponifiable can be an effective supplement in treatment of osteoarthritis through the control of the balance between antioxidant and oxidant molecular markers.

scholarly journals Cold-induced Antioxidant Enzymes Changes in Leucanthemum maximum`Silver Princess'

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 546-548
Author(s):  
Suping Zhou ◽  
Roger J. Sauvé ◽  
Margaret T. Mmbaga ◽  
Chaim Frenkel
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Glutathione Reductase ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Species Change ◽  
Cold Tolerant ◽  
Peroxidase Isoforms

Leucanthemum maximum `Silver Princess' plants, that were gradually acclimated for 7 days at 10 °C followed by 28 days at 7 °C, were subjected to the following cold treatments: 30 days at 4 °C; 4 or 5 days at 0 °C and for 3 hours at –1 °C to identify cold inducible proteins that may be responsible for cold tolerance in this cold tolerant species. Change in antioxidant enzymes activity in fully expanded leaves was assessed after each treatment. Catalase activity began to increase after 30 days at 4 °C and reached its peak after a 5-day exposure to 0 °C. The activity of cellular glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase significantly increased after a 4-day exposure to 0 °C. Changes in activity of four active superoxide dismutase isoforms, one basic guaiacol peroxidase and two o-dianisine peroxidase isoforms were also detected following the full series of cold treatments (30 days at 4 °C; 4 or 5 days at 0 °C and for 3 hours at –1 °C).

scholarly journals Differential response of antioxidant enzymes to cadmium stress in tolerant and sensitive cell line of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.).

2009 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarosław Gzyl ◽  
Katarzyna Rymer ◽  
Edward A Gwóźdź
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Total Activity ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Sensitive Cell ◽  
Sensitive Cell Line ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Cell Tissue ◽  
Tolerance To Cadmium

Previously, a stable cell suspension of cucumber tolerant to 100 microM CdCl(2) was obtained (Gzyl & Gwóźdź, 2005, Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 80: 59-67). In this study, the relationship between the activity of antioxidant enzymes and cadmium tolerance of cucumber cells was analyzed. A cadmium-sensitive and the cadmium-tolerant cell lines were exposed to 100 microM and 200 microM CdCl(2) and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APOX) and guaiacol peroxidase (POX) were determined. In the sensitive cell line, a decrease of total activity of SOD and POX was observed, whereas the activity of CAT and APOX significantly increased in metal-supplemented medium. By contrast, in the tolerant cells, the total activity of antioxidant enzymes decreased (SOD, CAT) or was maintained at approximately the same level (APOX, POX). Moreover, a different pattern of isoenzyme activity was observed in the tolerant and sensitive cells. These results suggest that an enhanced activity of antioxidant enzymes is not directly involved in the increased tolerance to cadmium of the selected cucumber cell line.

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